JPS624164B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to devices for cleaning liquids and gases, and more particularly to filters.

The present invention can be used in engines, compressors and other equipment in the gold, cement, chemical, mining, food industries and other industries to collect water, ooze, fuel, lubricants, air, gases and other Can clean substances.

Free substances, the processing of which pollutes the surrounding air with dust and pollutes water ponds with ooze, are increasingly being used in various manufacturing processes throughout the world. Gas and liquid purifiers require inexpensive, high-efficiency, easy-to-maintain filters that ensure high levels of cleanliness.

Filters of various designs are currently in use around the world.

Bag filters comprising a cylindrical casing with a lid and containing a bag made of porous material (see for example French Patent No. 1 436 296, classification B01D, 12d-18) are well known. A cylindrical elastic membrane is placed inside the bag and is expandable by compressed liquid to exert pressure on the medium to be cleaned introduced between the bag and the membrane. The medium to be cleaned passes through the holes in the bag, while the sediment remains on the walls. For regeneration, the lid is opened and the sediment scraped from the surface of the bag.

The disadvantage of this type of filter is that regeneration is complicated;
It is carried out by hand and requires removal of the lid, and the capacity of the filtration material is small, which requires frequent cleaning of the bag.

A filter comprising a casing, filter sleeves made of textile or wool material and arranged inside the casing in vertical rows parallel to the walls of the casing, a regeneration mechanism, and a dust-collecting pot; For example, French Patent No. 2012540, Classification
B01D, 46/00) are well known.

The gas to be cleaned passes through the wall of the sleeve, on which dust is blocked and the cleaned gas passes through the sleeve. To regenerate the sleeve, shake it and blow compressed gas onto it.

The disadvantages of this type of filter are that the dense fabric used creates a high resistance to gas flow through the filter layer, resulting in a slow filtration rate and large filter dimensions. . In such filters, the sleeves have a short service life because regeneration causes severe wear, especially at the bottom, and the bottom is prone to tears, rendering the sleeves useless.

Cartridge filters (for example, as described in USSR patent no.
No. 511962, classification B01D, 27/12) is well known. To operate the filter, gas is supplied under pressure into the resilient chamber to compress the fibers and form a filter bed through which the fluid to be cleaned is flowed. To regenerate the filter, the pressure in the elastic chamber is removed and the fibers then expand, thus allowing easy cleaning of the fibers.

The disadvantage of this filter is its low throughput, since it has been found impossible to produce a strong bed of fibers of large effective cross section. Furthermore, the filter has a low cleaning efficiency because the fluid to be cleaned tends to penetrate through the folds formed in the annular wall of the elastic chamber when the fibers are compressed.

2 carrying the image strip elements stretched over the outer edge
Filters containing several round grids (e.g. Soviet patent no.
417145, classification B01D, 27/12) is well known.

Dirty liquid is fed into the spaces between the grids formed by the annular bed of filament elements and is cleaned as it passes through the grids. The cleaning liquid is periodically flushed in the opposite direction to remove impurities deposited on the bed.

The disadvantage of this filter is the insufficient cleaning of the liquid due to the so-called conjugation between the filament elements and the very large amount of liquid that washes the sediment from the filament elements. Furthermore, cleaning the filament elements is time consuming.

It is therefore an object of the invention to obviate the above-mentioned disadvantages.

The present invention has, as its objectives, a more efficient filtration of gases and liquids, a simplified regeneration of the filter bed, and an increase in the time interval between regenerations by using fillers of suitable design. To provide a filter configured as follows.

This purpose includes a casing with a lid,
the casing containing a top grid and a bottom grid disposed generally at right angles to the walls of the casing, and carrying between the grids a filter material comprised of filamentary elements; According to the invention, the fluid to be cleaned passes through a filter;
Each of the gratings, at least one of the gratings being movable relative to the casing, is an assembly of interconnected concentric rings, interlocking the gratings in such a way that the filament elements form a kind of coaxial linear cylinder. at least one guide bushing is fixed to the center of the lid, the guide bushing receiving a reciprocating rod connected to a vibration source, one end of the rod being connected to the bottom grate, and the other end being fixed to the lid. This is accomplished with a filter whose end is connected to a reciprocating actuator.

In the filter, it is easier to remove the sediment from the filter bed, which can be removed by moving and shaking the grid separately in the vertical lines formed between the rows of filament elements. A uniformly porous large-volume bed of filter material that can be easily removed along the duct is created when the grid is put back together, and that the bed has a high sediment adsorption capacity and Ensure cleanliness.

In some cases, the filament elements may advantageously be manufactured from a homogeneous fibrous material, especially when the aerosol to be cleaned contains particulates of single dimensional debris.

This simplifies the manufacture of filler material and reduces manufacturing costs.

It is often a useful practice to produce filament elements with different proportions of fibers of different materials, diameters and shapes.

This has been found to be particularly effective for cleaning polydisperse aerosols and suspensions when the medium to be cleaned contains varying amounts of particles of various sizes and shapes.

The service life of the fill material can be extended in this way,
And the use of fibers of various strengths and cost values is a means of using strong and inexpensive fibers, such as capron base, which has low cleaning efficiency, and wool filling material, which is inferior in strength but superior in terms of cleaning ability. The cost of filling material can be reduced.

For cleaning gases and liquids containing large-sized abrasive particles, it is advantageous to manufacture each filamentous element in the form of a chain consisting of, for example, metal or plastic rings.

This reduces wear and tear on the filament elements and increases their service life.

Whenever the medium to be cleaned contains ferromagnetic particles, e.g. iron or nickel particles, the filament element is manufactured in the form of a chain made of alternating ferromagnetic and non-magnetic rings, e.g. steel rings and plastic rings. It is advantageous to do so.

This improves cleanliness while providing fill material with less resistance to flow.

For filters of small size, it is advantageous to make the fibers and rings of uniform thickness over their height.

This simplifies the design and reduces the cost of the filter.

In large size filters, the fibers and rings may be made into filamentary elements whose thickness decreases from the bottom upwards.

This design solution increases the dust adsorption capacity of the filler material and the time interval between regenerations, and the coarser particles, which make up the bulk of the sediment, settle in the bottom layer with larger pores, whereas the overall Finer particles, which generally do not have a very large proportion, are intercepted by the top layer, thus reducing the flow resistance.

When removing solid particles from gases and liquids,
It is advantageous to employ filament elements made of materials that are chemically inert to the medium to be cleaned.

This method increases the service life of filler material and is generally applicable to the removal of dust from air and the separation of ooze from liquids.

When gaseous dissolved impurities are to be filtered, the concentric rings in the grid can advantageously be interconnected by radially arranged comb-shaped plates having recesses accommodating the concentric rings. , a shackle is secured to each comb-shaped plate at the recessed side of the plate to accommodate a locking bar extending the entire length of each comb-shaped plate.

This design solution simplifies the subassembly for fixing the filament elements and allows quick assembly/assembly of the struts.
Allows disassembly and quick replacement of worn rows of thread-like elements to be carried out.

sealed together, sealed, interconnected by flexible tethers, and filled with liquid;
A pressure pick-up consisting of two elastic chambers and connected by a conduit to a pressure gauge located outside the casing may advantageously be installed between the grids.

This makes it possible to control the degree of compaction of the filling material when transferring the filter to cleaning duty and when reducing the compaction by preset parameters. Since the pick-up is formed with two liquid-filled chambers, it ensures a highly accurate measurement even when the temperature of the medium to be cleaned changes.

Two guide bushes are provided, one guide bush is fixed to the lid of the casing, and the other guide bush is fixed to the top grid coaxially with the casing, both guide bushes being interconnected by a spring so as to be mutually translational. It has proven advantageous to allow displacement.

This design solution facilitates the regeneration process due to the greater vibration of the two grids and fillers.

Advantageously, the annular plate is mounted on the inner wall of the casing between the grids at an angle of 20 to 75 degrees in a direction opposite to the flow of the medium to be cleaned.

These annular plates seal the filter bed at the point of contact with the filter bed and eliminate leakage at the point of contact between the bed and the smooth wall, thereby eliminating loss of cleaning effectiveness. The downward slope of the plate prevents the formation of deposits on the plate.

A membrane of elastic material is deposited between the grids on the inner wall of the casing and fixed on the annular plate.

This improves the tightness of the filter material near the walls and minimizes the leakage of dust through the filter material, thus increasing the cleaning effectiveness.

Between the lid and the top grid, a nozzle with an actuator is installed to rotate the nozzle around the rod, and the nozzle is connected to a conduit for compressed gas or liquid to be compressed during the regeneration process of the filter media. It is advisable to flow the gas or liquid through the filter material.

This design solution facilitates regeneration of the fill material by blowing compressed gas or liquid onto the fill material, allowing nozzles around the rod to spray relatively small amounts of gas or liquid over the fill material. Make it.

It is good practice to mount the sources of electric and magnetic fields and charges and magnetic charges that produce electric and magnetic fields in the filler on the outer wall of the casing at the same level as the filter filler.

This creates electrical charges and magnetic charges on the particles of the medium to be cleaned, and thus increases the effectiveness of the cleaning.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG.

The filter according to the invention has an inlet and an outlet conduit 2
and 3, and a casing 1 (FIG. 1) with a lid 4. Inside the casing 1, approximately perpendicular to the walls of the casing, there is a top grid 5 fixed to the casing 1 and a movable bottom grid 6.
will be installed. The center of the bottom grate 6 receives a rod 7 which is loosely mounted and reciprocates inside the bush 8. The other end of the rod 7 is connected to an actuator 9 which is provided with a starting mechanism 10 for reciprocating the bottom grate 6. The rod 7 is connected to a vibration source, for example a vibrator 11.

Each grating 5, 6 has a concentric ring 12 (Figs. 2 and 3).
) arranged coaxially with each other and with respect to the casing 1 such that the rings provide gaps 13 between each grid and between the grid and the casing 1;
A concentric ring 12 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) is fitted inside a radial comb-shaped plate 14 having suitable recesses 15 for this purpose. Each radial comb-shaped plate 14 carries a shackle 16 which receives a locking bar 17, which is fixed, for example, by a split pin.

A filter material 18 consisting of filamentary elements 19 (FIGS. 3, 4, 5) formed of flexible threads or thin chains is located between the grids 5 and 6 (FIG. 1). ). Each filament element 19 is attached at one end to the concentric rings 12 of the grid 5 (FIG. 1) and at its other end to the corresponding end of the grid 6, which connects the grid 6 (FIG. 5). When lowering, all filamentary elements 19 are pulled into a generally vertical position. Line element 19
is attached to the concentric ring 12 (Fig. 3,
4 and 5), the filamentary elements, when stretched, form generally vertical concentric cylinders separated by gaps 13 (FIGS. 3 and 5).

The filament element 19 is made of wool, nylon, Labsanth (a polyester fiber formed from a melt of polyethylene terephthalate, which is a trade name for a fiber similar to Terylene from ICI in the UK and Dacron in the US), asbestos, Capron, fiberglass, threads and fibers of metal and other materials; or chains of metal or plastic, for example; and various proportions uniformly distributed with respect to each other, for example compositions 1:5-
20% capron and 80-95% wool, composition 2: 10-40%
Manufactured from a combination of yarns or chain-like nap materials, such as labasant and 60-90% cotton yarn, composition 3:2 to 30% by volume steel chain and 70-98% nyrowan yarn.

Compositions 1 and 2 show that the artificial fibers of capron and labussin have high strength and low dust adsorption capacity, while the wool and cotton fibers have high dust adsorption capacity but relatively low strength. It is unique. With this combination, the filter material has a long service life and high dust adsorption capacity, and does not require frequent regeneration.

Composition 3 of the filter material has a steel ring, which attracts coarse ferromagnetic particles well when connected to an electromagnet, and works with nylon fibers to effectively collect finer particles. ensure that

The filament elements 19 can be made from a material whose diameter, shape and chemical composition are constant over the height of each thread, for example straight nylon threads with a diameter of 10 to 20 μm, which simplifies their manufacture.

Variable values of these parameters are used such that the filament elements 19 are formed from coarse fibers in the bottom part where the medium to be cleaned enters the filter and finer threads higher up along the path of the medium to be cleaned. It can be manufactured by For example, the bottom half of a filament element has a diameter of 50 to 100 μm and a waviness amplitude.
The top half is made of nylon fibers with a diameter of 5 to 20 μm and an undulation width of 2 to 5 mm.

When cleaning gases and liquids containing ferromagnetic substances, the links of the chain may be made of ferromagnetic materials alternating with non-magnetic materials, which induces a magnetic field on the ferromagnetic links and a cleaning effect. Increase.

The fibers and rings of the filament element 19, intended for cleaning gases and liquids of solid particles, are manufactured from a material that is chemically inert to the cleaned medium, and this causes the fluffing of the filament element. maintain and increase service life.

Manufactured from materials coated and impregnated with a chemically active substance and a dissolving medium capable of chemically interacting with the medium to be cleaned whenever gaseous and dissolved impurities are present. Fibers and rings are used. For example, sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid can be cleaned from the liquid by impregnating and/or coating the filter element with barium chloride, carbon can be cleaned from the liquid by impregnating and/or coating the filter element with calcium hydroxide, and silver nitrate catalyst can clean the filter element from the liquid. Sulfite anhydride can be cleaned from the liquid by impregnation and/or coating with treated magnesium carbonate.

The filter works as follows.

The filter lifts the grid 6 (FIG. 1) and moves it towards the grid 5 with the help of the rods 7 and the actuator 9, and the filament elements 1 of the filter media 18
9 is then activated by being compressed. The gas enters the filter through the inlet conduit 2;
It is then cleaned as it passes through the filter filler 18 and then leaves the filter through the outlet conduit 3. Impurities settle by gravity, collisions, Brownian motion, electrical and magnetic attraction, sieving and other effects, with large particles settling in the first layer of the filter material 18 and finer particles settling in the deeper layers. will be collected in The material of the filament elements 19 (FIGS. 3, 4, and 5) is selected to suit the size and nature of the contained particulates, the temperature of the gas or liquid, and other parameters. For example, when fine dust particles are removed from a gas and cleaned, the material selected is a material with a thin ferromagnetic dust tube with a diameter of 2 to 10 μm and a chain made of ferromagnetic material. be. After a specified period of time, i.e. once a specified pressure drop has formed across the filtration layer, the starting mechanism 10 (FIG. 1) generates a signal that causes a mechanism placed upright on the outside of the filter to start. The conduit 3 is severed, thus stopping the flow of the medium to be cleaned, and the actuator 9 lowers the bottom grate 6 together with the rods 7 (FIG. 5). This tensions the filament elements 19, so that the bottom grate 6 is suspended by the filament elements 19 on the grate 5 fixed to the casing 1, which filament elements have a through gap 13 extending straight from the top grate 5 to the bottom grate 6. They are grouped in rows as if forming cylinders arranged coaxially.

Next, the vibrator 11 (FIG. 1) is excited to shake the filament elements 19 (FIGS. 3 and 5), and the dust separated from the filament elements is spread between the rows of the filament elements 19. It falls through the gap 13 formed. The swinging movement may be made more effective by lifting the grating 6 to a certain height by means of the actuator 9 (FIG. 1) and lowering it rapidly, which causes the filament element 19 (the fifth Figure) is subjected to intense shaking and increases the separation of sediment.

The filament elements 19 are oscillated by a preset program that controls the frequency and duration of playback, vibration force and other parameters. The filter can be activated or regenerated either automatically or manually.
After regeneration, the grid is lifted and the working cycle is repeated.

To increase the regeneration effect, the grid 6 (FIG. 6) can be spring loaded. For this purpose, a bushing 8' (FIGS. 6 and 7) with a tubular bottom end is fixed to the underside of the lid 4. An additional bush 20, similar in design to bush 8' but of smaller dimensions, is installed in the grid 5. The tubular end of the bushing 20 is inserted into the bushing 8' and spring-loaded by the spring 21, causing the grid 5 to
1 to fix it to the lid 4. The grid 5 is not attached to the casing 1 at any other point.

A radial nozzle 22 (FIG. 6) with an outlet orifice 23 directed toward the grid 5 is mounted on the bush 8 and rotates around the bush to provide a device for aerodynamic or hydraulic regeneration. The radial nozzle 22 is equipped with an actuator 24 to rotate about the axis of the filter and communicated with conduits (not shown in the figure) supplying compressed gas and liquid.

Sedimentation of solid particles can be improved by mounting an electric field and a source of charge 25, for example an electromagnet, on the outside of the casing 1 and a gas ionizer 26 on the inside of the inlet conduit 2.

During the filtration and regeneration process, dust is collected inside a funnel-shaped hopper 27, which has an outlet orifice 28 and a stopper 29.
and fixed to the bottom of the casing 1,
The plug 29 is connected to the bottom grate 6 by a rod 30.

This embodiment of the filter is somewhat more complex, but is characterized by higher performance. The electric field and charge source 25 and the gas ionizer 26 are arranged so that when the dust-laden gas excited during the filtration process passes through the gas ionizer 26, the dust particles become electrically charged and the filter filler material 18 becomes A charge is received and an electromagnetic field is induced within the filter media by the source 25 of electric field and charge. The charged and uncharged particles then settle more effectively as the particles pass through the filter media 18.

In the process of regeneration, all of the filter media 18 is subjected to greater vibrations since the vibrations on the springs 21 are of increased amplitude. It has been found that regeneration is particularly effective when the frequency of the vibrations of the vibrator 11 resonates with the natural vibration frequency of the vibrating device consisting of the gratings 5 and 6, the rods 7 and the filament elements 19. Ta. Regeneration is enhanced by supplying compressed gas or liquid into the radial nozzle 22 and ejecting it from the orifice 23 of the radial nozzle to remove deposits from the filament elements 19. In the process, the nozzle 22 rotates around the bush 8' with the help of the actuator 24, and a strong jet of gas or liquid under pressure passes through the gap 13 continuously at all points and the filament element 19
Contributes to improved removal of deposits from

Once removed from the filter material 18, the deposit falls into a funnel-shaped hopper 27 and then through a discharge orifice 28 onto a conveying device (not shown in the drawing). In contrast, as filtration progresses, the grate 6 rises while the plug 29 is lifted by the rod 30 to the outlet orifice 2.
8. When the grate 6 is lowered for regeneration, the plug 29 is also lowered, thus opening the discharge orifice 28 and allowing the sediment to flow into the hopper 2.
It will be removed from 7. This is discharge orifice 2
8 and facilitates servicing of the filter.

The degree of compression of the filter material 18 (FIG. 2) is monitored by placing a pressure pick-up 31 within the filter material, which has two elastic chambers 32.
(FIG. 9) between which a cooling liquid is circulated, while the internal cavity of the pressure pickup (FIG. 8) communicates with a pressure gauge 33 located outside the casing 1. To protect the pressure pickup from abrasive wear and damage, chamber 32 is located inside a chain mail jacket 34 which is placed over tube 35 and retainer 36.

Pressure pickup 31 is intended to monitor the degree of compression of filter media 18, which governs the effectiveness of gas cleaning. In order to obtain the required gas cleaning effect, the filter media 18 is compressed in a specific manner as indicated by a pressure gauge 33 connected to the actuator 9 (FIG. 1), which actuator is compressed at a specific pressure. It becomes de-excited when it reaches .

A plate 37 inclined downwards at an angle equal to 20 to 75 degrees to the wall of the casing 1 (Figs. 8 and 10)
may be mounted inside the casing 1 between the grids 5 and 6 (FIG. 8). Where an elastic sheathing 38, for example made of Paralon (trade name for gas-filled elastic material made of polyurethane resin) or sponge rubber, is attached to the wall and also perhaps to a toroidal plate 37, where no substantial filtration of particulates takes place. The leakage between the filament element 19 and the inner surface of the casing 1 is eliminated. The material of the filter media 18 is compressed to a greater degree at the edge of the toroidal plate 37 (FIG. 10) to provide additional resistance to flow, and the flow rate of the filtered media is then reduced. , and in this way cleaning is improved.

As the filter material is pressed against the elastic sheathing 38, the fibers and chains are forced into the sheathing 38 creating additional resistance to flow, which prevents particle leakage through the layers near the walls. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the filter when the filter material is compressed and is in the filtration duty state, Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the top grid in Figure 2. 4 is a view taken from line A in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the filtration material of the filter in the regeneration mission state, and FIG. Figure 7 shows the assembly for securing the top grate to the lid in an embodiment with two bushings; Figure 8 shows the filter in the filtering duty state. set,
FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the pressure pick-up, and FIG. 10 shows the casing in an embodiment with an annular plate and an elastic layer on the wall. FIG. In the figure, 1... Casing, 2... Casing lid, 5... Top grid, 6... Bottom grid, 7... Rod, 8, 8'... Bush, 9... Rod displacement actuator, 12... Concentric ring, 13... Gap. , 14
... Comb-shaped plate, 15 ... Hollow, 16 ... Shackle, 17 ... Locking bar, 19 ... Linear element, 2
0... Bush, 21... Spring, 22... Radial nozzle, 24... Nozzle displacement actuator, 25... Source of electric field and charge, 27... Funnel-shaped hopper, 28...
Funnel-shaped hopper discharge orifice, 29...plug,
30...rod, 31...pressure pickup, 32...
Elastic chamber, 33... Pressure gauge, 34... Chain mail jacket, 35... Tube, 36... Cage, 37... Annular plate, 38... Elastic coating.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A casing with a lid, the casing including a top lattice and a bottom lattice disposed generally perpendicular to a wall of the casing, and between the top lattice and the bottom lattice. A filter carrying a filter filler formed of filamentary elements, through which the medium to be cleaned passes, a grid 5, at least one of which is movable with respect to the casing 1; Each of the grids 5, 6 is an assembly of concentric rings 12 connected to each other in such a way as to provide gaps 13 between the grids, and the filament elements 19 form coaxial linear cylinders. At least one guide bush 8, 8', 8' is fixed between the casing 1 and the center of the lid 4 of the casing 1 is coaxial with the casing.
20 and the guide bush receives a reciprocating rod 7, which rod has one end connected to the bottom grate 6.
A filter characterized in that the other end is connected to an actuator 9 for reciprocating the rod 7. 2. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the filament elements 19 are made of a fibrous homogeneous material. 3. A filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the filament elements 19 are manufactured from a combination of fibers of different materials, diameters and shapes, and in various ratios. . 4. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the filament elements 19 are chains made of, for example, metal rings. 5. The filter according to claim 1, wherein the filament element 19 is a chain composed of alternating ferromagnetic rings and non-magnetic rings. 6. The filter according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the thickness of the fibers and rings of the filament elements 19 is uniform over the entire height. 7. A filter according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the thickness of the fibers and rings of the filament elements 19 decreases upward from the bottom. 8. A filter according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the filament elements 19 are made of a material that is chemically inert to the medium to be cleaned. vessel. 9. In the filter according to any one of claims 2 to 7, the filament element 19 comprises a catalyst having the ability to chemically interact with a chemically active substance and the medium to be cleaned. A filter characterized in that it is manufactured from a material coated with and impregnated with. 10 In the filter according to claim 1, the concentric rings 12 in the grids 5, 6 are formed by radially arranged comb-shaped plates 14 with recesses 15 accommodating the concentric rings 12. 1. A filter, articulated, characterized in that the shackle 16 receives a locking bar 17 fixed to each of the comb-shaped plates 14 on the recessed side of said plate and extending over the entire length of the comb-shaped plates 14. 11. In the filter according to claim 1, a pressure pick-up 31 is arranged between the gratings 5 and 6, and the pressure pick-up comprises two elastic chambers that are sealed from each other and interconnected by a flexible tie material. 32, characterized in that the elastic chamber is filled with liquid and is connected by a conduit to a pressure gauge 33 located outside the casing 1. 12 In the filter according to claim 1, two guide bushes 8' and 20 are coaxially attached to the casing 1, and one of the guide bushes
One guide bush is fixed to the lid 4 of the casing 1, the other guide bush is fixed to the top grid 5, and the two guide bushes 8', 20 are interconnected by a spring 21 so that they can mutually perform a translational displacement. filter. 13 In the filter according to claim 1, the bottom portion of the casing 1 is connected to the discharge orifice 2.
8, the discharge orifice is closed by a plug 29 connected to the bottom grate 6 by a rod 30. 14 In the filter according to claim 1, the annular plate 37 is fixed to the inner wall of the casing 1 between the gratings 5 and 6, with an inclination in a direction opposite to the flow direction of the medium to be cleaned. A filter characterized by: 15. The filter according to claim 9, characterized in that the annular plate 37 is inclined with respect to the wall of the casing 1 at an angle in the range of 20° to 70°. 16. In the filter according to claim 1, an elastic coating 38 is provided on the inner wall of the casing 1 between the gratings 5, 6, and/or
A filter characterized in that it is provided on an annular plate 37. 17. A filter according to claim 1, in which the nozzle 22 is connected to an actuator 24 that rotates the nozzle about the rod 7,
A filter characterized in that the filter is connected to a compressed gas conduit and a liquid conduit and is provided between a lid 4 and a top grid 5. 18. The filter according to claim 1, characterized in that the source 25 of electric and magnetic fields and electric charges and magnetic charges is mounted on the outer wall of the casing 1 at the same height as the filter filler material 18. vessel.