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JPS6244599B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6244599B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6244599B2
JPS6244599B2 JP3310779A JP3310779A JPS6244599B2 JP S6244599 B2 JPS6244599 B2 JP S6244599B2 JP 3310779 A JP3310779 A JP 3310779A JP 3310779 A JP3310779 A JP 3310779A JP S6244599 B2 JPS6244599 B2 JP S6244599B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
oil
stabilizer
tocopherols
tocopherol
oils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP3310779A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS55137185A (en
Inventor
Yukinobu Murase
Kazuaki Suzuki
Minoru Okamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adeka Corp
Original Assignee
Asahi Denka Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Denka Kogyo KK filed Critical Asahi Denka Kogyo KK
Priority to JP3310779A priority Critical patent/JPS55137185A/en
Publication of JPS55137185A publication Critical patent/JPS55137185A/en
Publication of JPS6244599B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6244599B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Edible Oils And Fats (AREA)
  • Anti-Oxidant Or Stabilizer Compositions (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、油脂の安定剤に関する。詳しくは、
植物油脱臭スカムを分子蒸留して得られるトコフ
エロール、ステロール及び油脂を含有する留分か
らなる、酸化安定性、熱安定性にすぐれた油脂の
安定剤に関するものである。 従来、油脂の酸化安定性を増加させる方法とし
て、BHAやBHTの如き合成抗酸化剤、あるいは
天然抗酸化剤であるトコフエロールの添加が行な
われている。最近、食品衛生上の観点から、より
高価な天然抗酸化剤であるトコフエロールの使用
が多くなりつつある。この天然トコフエロールは
主に植物油起源のものであり、植物油の精製工程
の脱臭工程で副生する脱臭スカム中に濃縮されて
くる。脱臭スカムは、トコフエロール、ステロー
ル、遊離脂肪酸および油脂、炭化水素、アルコー
ル等の混合物よりなつている。特に大豆油の脱臭
スカムのトコフエロールを分離、精製したものが
天然トコフエロール製品とされている。 従来、このような混合物からトコフエロールを
得るためには、溶剤分別法によりステロールを除
去し、次いで蒸留により遊離脂肪酸を主体とする
低沸点物を除去し、さらに分子蒸留によりトコフ
エロール部分を留分として得る方法、あるいは吸
着クロマトグラフイー、イオン交換樹脂処理と分
子蒸留を組合せた方法等が行なわれている。上記
の如く、従来法は、非常に長い濃縮精製工程であ
り、得られる天然トコフエロール製品はきわめて
高価格となつてしまう。一方、より単純な方法と
して、例えば特開昭53―106710号公報には植物脱
臭スカムを分子蒸留しトコフエロール()とス
テロール()とを重量比で()/()=1
〜3とした留分を得る方法が記載されている。し
かしながらこの場合、トコフエロール()とス
テロール()の重量比()/()が1以上
となると容易に結晶が析出し、完全な溶解状態
(均一)および透明さを保つためには80〜100℃の
加熱が必要となる。また一度固化してしまうと容
易に溶解しにくく、再び溶解させるにはかなり高
温かつ長時間加熱を必要とするが、このようなこ
とはトコフエロールに対して望ましいとは言えな
い。したがつて、上記の如き割合でトコフエロー
ルを含有する留分を工業的規模で実際に利用する
には不利な点が種々残されていたのである。 本発明の目的は、従来の天然トコフエロールに
比較して油脂の抗酸化及び熱安定性の面でより優
れ、かつより安価な油脂の安定剤を提供すること
にある。 また、本発明の他の目的は、実際の工業的利用
に当り過度の加熱を必要とせず、取り扱いの容易
な作業性にすぐれた油脂の安定剤を提供すること
にある。 さらに、本発明の他の目的は、非常に安価な天
然物系の油脂の安定剤を提供することにある。 本発明の油脂の安定剤は、植物油脂の脱臭スカ
ムを分子蒸留して得られる、トコフエロール
()とステロール()とを0.3≦()/()(
重量 比)<1の割合で含有する留分を主成分とするも
ので、この留分(安定剤)中のトコフエロールの
含量は、通常24〜28%程度であり、トコフエロー
ル及びステロール以外の成分は実質上油脂成分か
らなつている。 以下に、本発明の油脂の安定剤について詳述す
る。 分子蒸留にかける脱臭スカムとしては、大豆
油、綿実油等の植物油の脱臭スカムが望ましい。
また、これらの植物油脂の脱臭スカムを低級アル
コールによりエステル化し、脱臭スカム中に含ま
れる脂肪酸および油脂を低級アルコールの脂肪酸
エステルとした後、エステルを蒸留により留去し
た脱臭スカム蒸留残渣もまた望ましい。 脱臭スカムの分子蒸留は、低沸点成分(水分、
残存エステル、遊離脂肪酸)の蒸留除去を目的と
した第1段目の分子蒸留と、トコフエロール、ス
テロールおよび油脂成分の蒸留を目的とした第2
段目の分子蒸留から成る。 第1段目の分子蒸留は、温度90〜180℃減圧度
0.01mmHgの条件下で、また第2段目の分子蒸留
は、温度220〜280℃、減圧度0.001mmHgの条件下
で行なう。(望ましくは第1段目の温度110〜140
℃の条件下で、また第2段目の温度230〜260℃の
条件下で行なう。)上記の如き原料および分子蒸
留条件より、風味および色調等の良好なトコフエ
ロール、ステロールおよび油脂部分を同一の蒸留
留分として得ることができるのである。 本発明の油脂安定剤は、上記の如して得られる
もので、トコフエロールに対するステロールの重
量比が0.3〜1(望ましくは0.5〜1)であるトコ
フエロールとステロールおよび油脂を主成分とす
る蒸留留分からなるものである。これを精製油脂
に対して約200〜1500ppm、好ましくは500〜
1200ppm添加することにより、油脂の酸化安定
性および熱安定性を増強することができる。 トコフエロールに対するステロールの重量比が
0.3未満の場合は、油脂の酸化安定性および熱安
定性に対するトコフエロールおよびステロールの
相剰効果が発揮し得ない。また、重量比が1以上
の場合は結晶の析出をみとめさらに容易に固化す
る為に実用性にとぼしい。つまり容易に固化し工
業的規模で利用することは不利である。 本発明の油脂の安定剤は、従来の天然トコフエ
ロール製品に比較して油脂の酸化安定性および熱
安定性をさらに増強することができ、且つ安価な
天然物系のものであり、また工業的規模での利用
に際しても実用性、作業性に優れている。 次に、本発明の実施例をその使用例及び比較使
用例と共に示し、本発明の効果を具体的に説明す
る。本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるもので
はない。 製造例 大豆油脱臭スカムメチルエステル蒸留残渣(ト
コフエロール含量15.5%、ステロール25%、酸価
2.2、ケン化価93.2)を、第1段目の分子蒸留で
遊離脂肪酸を主体とする低沸成分を蒸留除去し、
次に、第2段目の分子蒸留によりトコフエロー
ル、ステロールおよび油脂を主体とする留分(本
発明の安定剤)を得た。 使用例1および比較使用例1.2 上記製造例で得た安定剤(トコフエロール含量
25.3%、ステロール20.2%、酸価1.2、ケン化価
75.1)をパーム精製油(a)(ヨウ素価53.0、酸価
0.03)にトコフエロール純分200ppm添加したも
の(b)を作つた(使用例1)。 またパーム精製油(a)に、ステロールとトコフエ
ロールの割合3/1のものをトコフエロール純分
200ppm添加したもの(c)を作つた(比較使用例
1)。 さらにパーム精製油(a)に、トコフエロール市販
品(トコフエロール含量55%、酸価3.8%、ケン
化価56.1)をトコフエロール純分200ppm添加し
たもの(d)を作つた(比較使用例2)。 上記のパーム精製油(a)〜(d)について、それぞれ
加熱試験(200mlステンレスビーカーに油を100g
入れ、温度200℃、ヨウ素価、粘度および色調の
経時変化)およびAOM試験(基準油脂分析試験
法)を行なつた。その結果を第1表に示した。
The present invention relates to stabilizers for fats and oils. For more information,
This invention relates to an oil and fat stabilizer with excellent oxidative stability and thermal stability, which is made of a fraction containing tocopherols, sterols, and oils obtained by molecular distillation of deodorized vegetable oil scum. Conventionally, as a method of increasing the oxidative stability of fats and oils, synthetic antioxidants such as BHA and BHT, or tocopherols, which are natural antioxidants, have been added. Recently, from the viewpoint of food hygiene, tocopherols, which are more expensive natural antioxidants, have been increasingly used. These natural tocopherols are mainly derived from vegetable oils, and are concentrated in the deodorizing scum that is produced as a by-product in the deodorizing step of the vegetable oil refining process. Deodorized scum consists of a mixture of tocopherols, sterols, free fatty acids, and fats and oils, hydrocarbons, alcohols, etc. In particular, natural tocopherol products are those obtained by separating and refining tocopherols from the deodorized scum of soybean oil. Conventionally, in order to obtain tocopherols from such a mixture, sterols are removed by solvent fractionation, then low-boiling substances, mainly free fatty acids, are removed by distillation, and the tocopherol portion is obtained as a fraction by molecular distillation. methods, adsorption chromatography, methods combining ion exchange resin treatment and molecular distillation, etc. have been used. As mentioned above, the conventional method involves a very long concentration and purification process, and the resulting natural tocopherol products are extremely expensive. On the other hand, as a simpler method, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 106710/1986 discloses that deodorized plant scum is molecularly distilled to produce tocopherols () and sterols () in a weight ratio of ()/()=1.
A method for obtaining fractions .about.3 is described. However, in this case, if the weight ratio ()/() of tocopherol () and sterol () is 1 or more, crystals will easily precipitate, and in order to maintain a completely dissolved state (uniformity) and transparency, it is necessary to heating is required. Furthermore, once solidified, it is difficult to dissolve easily, and heating at a considerably high temperature and for a long time is required to dissolve it again, which is not desirable for tocopherols. Therefore, various disadvantages remain in the practical use of a fraction containing tocopherols in the above-mentioned proportions on an industrial scale. An object of the present invention is to provide a stabilizer for fats and oils that is superior to conventional natural tocopherols in terms of antioxidation and thermal stability of fats and oils, and is also cheaper. Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil and fat stabilizer that does not require excessive heating for actual industrial use, is easy to handle, and has excellent workability. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a very inexpensive natural product-based oil and fat stabilizer. The oil and fat stabilizer of the present invention contains tocopherol () and sterol () obtained by molecular distillation of deodorized scum of vegetable oil and fat at 0.3≦()/()(
The main component is a fraction containing a ratio of weight ratio) It consists essentially of oil and fat components. Below, the fat and oil stabilizer of the present invention will be explained in detail. The deodorizing scum to be subjected to molecular distillation is preferably a deodorizing scum of vegetable oil such as soybean oil or cottonseed oil.
Also desirable is a deodorized scum distillation residue obtained by esterifying the deodorized scum of these vegetable oils and fats with a lower alcohol to convert the fatty acids and fats and oils contained in the deodorized scum into fatty acid esters of lower alcohols, and then removing the esters by distillation. Molecular distillation of deodorized scum removes low-boiling components (water,
The first stage is molecular distillation to remove residual esters and free fatty acids), and the second stage is to distill tocopherols, sterols, and fat and oil components.
It consists of a stage of molecular distillation. The first stage of molecular distillation is carried out at a temperature of 90 to 180 degrees Celsius and reduced pressure.
The second stage molecular distillation is carried out at a temperature of 220 to 280°C and a reduced pressure of 0.001 mmHg. (Preferably the temperature of the first stage is 110-140
The second stage temperature is 230 to 260°C. ) By using the raw materials and molecular distillation conditions as described above, tocopherols, sterols, and oil and fat parts with good flavor and color tone can be obtained as the same distillation fraction. The fat and oil stabilizer of the present invention is obtained as described above, and is obtained from a distillation fraction containing tocopherol, sterol, and fat and oil as main components, in which the weight ratio of sterol to tocopherol is 0.3 to 1 (preferably 0.5 to 1). It is what it is. This is about 200 to 1500 ppm, preferably 500 to 1,500 ppm of refined oil and fat.
By adding 1200 ppm, the oxidation stability and thermal stability of fats and oils can be enhanced. The weight ratio of sterol to tocopherol is
If it is less than 0.3, the mutual effect of tocopherols and sterols on the oxidative stability and thermal stability of fats and oils cannot be exhibited. Furthermore, if the weight ratio is 1 or more, crystals will be precipitated and solidified more easily, making it impractical. In other words, it solidifies easily and is disadvantageous to use on an industrial scale. The stabilizer for fats and oils of the present invention can further enhance the oxidation stability and thermal stability of fats and oils compared to conventional natural tocopherol products, is an inexpensive natural product-based stabilizer, and can be used on an industrial scale. It has excellent practicality and workability when used in Next, examples of the present invention will be shown together with usage examples and comparative usage examples, and the effects of the invention will be specifically explained. The present invention is not limited to these examples. Production example Soybean oil deodorized scum methyl ester distillation residue (tocopherol content 15.5%, sterol 25%, acid value
2.2, saponification value 93.2), by distilling off low-boiling components mainly free fatty acids in the first stage of molecular distillation,
Next, a fraction (stabilizer of the present invention) mainly consisting of tocopherols, sterols, and fats and oils was obtained by second-stage molecular distillation. Use example 1 and comparative use example 1.2 The stabilizer obtained in the above production example (tocopherol content
25.3%, sterol 20.2%, acid value 1.2, saponification value
75.1) to refined palm oil (a) (iodine value 53.0, acid value
(b) was prepared by adding 200 ppm of pure tocopherol to 0.03) (Use Example 1). In addition, pure tocopherols with a ratio of sterols and tocopherols of 3/1 are added to refined palm oil (a).
A product (c) with 200 ppm added was made (Comparative Example 1). Furthermore, a product (d) was prepared by adding 200 ppm of tocopherol purity (tocopherol content 55%, acid value 3.8%, saponification value 56.1) to palm refined oil (a) (comparative use example 2). For each of the above refined palm oils (a) to (d), heating test (100g of oil in a 200ml stainless steel beaker)
The iodine value, viscosity, and color tone changed over time) and the AOM test (Standard Oil and Fat Analysis Test Method) were conducted at a temperature of 200°C. The results are shown in Table 1.

【表】 上記第1表より明らかなように、本発明の安定
剤を添加した精製パーム油(b)は、トコフエロール
市販品を添加した精製パーム油(d)よりも、加熱試
験に於けるヨウ素価および粘度の経時変化が少な
い。この結果は、本発明の安定剤を添加して得た
精製パーム油(b)が熱重合あるいは酸化重合されに
くい事を示している。本発明の安定剤を添加して
得たパーム精製油(b)は、加熱試験に於ける色調劣
化がより少ない。またパーム精製油(b)に添加した
安定剤の45℃における性状は透明であつた。しか
しパーム精製油(c)に添加した安定剤は、結晶の析
出がみられ固化状態であつた。さらにAOM試験
に於ける酸化安定性に於いても、パーム精製油(b)
はパーム精製油(d)よりも良好である。これらの結
果は、トコフエロールとステリンの相剰効果に依
るものと思われる。 使用例2および比較使用例3 魚硬化精製油(e)(ヨウ素価83.3、酸価0.04、融
点28℃)に製造例で得た、安定剤をトコフエロー
ル純分300ppm添加したもの(f)を作つた(使用例
2)。 また魚硬化精製油(e)に比較使用例2で用いた、
トコフエロール市販品をトコフエロール純分
300ppm添加したもの(g)を作つた(比較使用例
3)。 上記の魚硬化精製油(e)〜(g)について、それぞれ
加熱試験およびAOM試験を使用例1.と同様に行
なつた。その結果を第2表に示した。
[Table] As is clear from Table 1 above, refined palm oil (b) to which the stabilizer of the present invention was added had a higher iodine content in the heating test than refined palm oil (d) to which commercially available tocopherols were added. There is little change in value and viscosity over time. This result shows that the refined palm oil (b) obtained by adding the stabilizer of the present invention is difficult to undergo thermal polymerization or oxidative polymerization. The refined palm oil (b) obtained by adding the stabilizer of the present invention shows less color tone deterioration in the heating test. Furthermore, the properties of the stabilizer added to refined palm oil (b) at 45°C were transparent. However, the stabilizer added to the refined palm oil (c) was in a solidified state with precipitation of crystals. Furthermore, in terms of oxidation stability in the AOM test, refined palm oil (b)
is better than refined palm oil (d). These results appear to be due to the mutual effect of tocopherol and sterin. Use example 2 and comparative use example 3 A stabilizer obtained in the production example was added to hydrogenated purified fish oil (e) (iodine value 83.3, acid value 0.04, melting point 28°C) with 300 ppm pure tocopherol (f). Ivy (use example 2). In addition, the hydrogenated refined fish oil (e) used in Comparative Use Example 2,
Tocopherol commercially available products as pure tocopherol
A product (g) containing 300 ppm was prepared (Comparative Example 3). The above hydrogenated refined fish oils (e) to (g) were subjected to a heating test and an AOM test in the same manner as in Use Example 1, respectively. The results are shown in Table 2.

【表】 第2表の結果から、魚硬化精製油(f)(使用例
2)も使用例1と同様の結果であり、本発明品は
すぐれた性能を示していることがわかる。
[Table] From the results in Table 2, it can be seen that the hardened purified fish oil (f) (Use Example 2) had the same results as Use Example 1, and the product of the present invention exhibits excellent performance.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 植物油脱臭スカムを分子蒸留することによつ
て得られる、トコフエロール()とステロール
()とを0.3≦()/()(重量比)<1の割合
で含有す る留分を主成分とする油脂の安定剤。
[Claims] 1. A fraction containing tocopherol () and sterol () in a ratio of 0.3≦()/() (weight ratio) <1, obtained by molecular distillation of deodorized vegetable oil scum. A stabilizer for oils and fats whose main ingredient is
JP3310779A 1979-03-20 1979-03-20 Stabilizer for fat and oil Granted JPS55137185A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3310779A JPS55137185A (en) 1979-03-20 1979-03-20 Stabilizer for fat and oil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3310779A JPS55137185A (en) 1979-03-20 1979-03-20 Stabilizer for fat and oil

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS55137185A JPS55137185A (en) 1980-10-25
JPS6244599B2 true JPS6244599B2 (en) 1987-09-21

Family

ID=12377431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3310779A Granted JPS55137185A (en) 1979-03-20 1979-03-20 Stabilizer for fat and oil

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS55137185A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5662178B2 (en) * 2011-01-26 2015-01-28 築野食品工業株式会社 Antioxidant composition
MY158177A (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-09-06 Univ Putra Malaysia Antioxidant and/or antimicrobial composition based on palm oil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS55137185A (en) 1980-10-25

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