JPS6247414B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a huller that feeds and removes paddy into the gap between two rolls.

If the ratio of unhulled rice to the amount of paddy supplied to the rolls, that is, the removal rate, is low, the work efficiency of the huller will be poor, and if it is too high, it will result in poor quality rice, so when operating the huller, It is necessary to keep the evasion rate at an appropriate constant value at all times.

For this reason, in the past, the load current of the main motor that rotates the rolls was kept constant, or as the outer periphery of the rolls wore out, the two roll shafts were moved closer together to keep the gap between the rolls constant. However, this alone was not enough to keep the evasion rate constant.

As a result of searching for the cause, we found that the dehulling rate of the huller depends not only on the motor's load current and the roll gap, but also on the roll diameter, the degree of dehulling difficulty due to the type and moisture content of the paddy, and the rolls driven by the main motor and the drive parts other than the rolls. It was found that it varies depending on the power consumption ratio and the frequency of the power supply voltage.

Therefore, when these conditions that determine the ejection rate are held constant, the relationship between the amount of sliding from the roll W and the load current A of the main motor is determined, and the relationship is shown in a graph using the ejection rate Q as a parameter, as shown in Figure 1. It becomes a constant curve.

From the graph in Figure 1, for example, the escape rate Q = 85%,
When setting the sliding amount W = Wi (Kg), the load current A at that time is determined as A = Ai (ampere), so measure the actual load current and calculate the measured value Am = Ai
If you adjust the roll gap S (mm) so that
It is clear that when S=0.9 (mm), Am=Ai, and then the escape rate Q becomes Q=85%.

The present invention is based on this knowledge, firstly, the evasion rate Q
(%) and the sliding amount W (Kg), calculate the value of the load current A that is supposed to flow to the main motor at that time, and combine that value Ai with the measured value of the load current that actually flows.
The purpose is to control the ejection rate Q to a constant value by adjusting the gap S between the rolls so that Am becomes equal.

To explain the embodiment of the present invention shown in the drawings, 1 is a hopper of a huller, and a feed roll 3 and a regulating valve 4 are provided facing each other at a paddy supply port 2 at the bottom of the hopper.
Below that, two parallel rolls 5 and 6 for hulling are suspended horizontally with a gap S in between. The shaft 5a of one of the rolls 5 is supported on the machine wall, and the shaft 6a of the other roll 6 is supported by an adjustment rod 8 that can freely pivot left and right about a fulcrum 7.

A screw rod 10 is connected to the motor M, which rotates in the forward or reverse direction, via a reduction gear 9, and the threaded portion at the tip thereof is screwed into the adjustment rod 8.

11 is a shutter that opens and closes the paddy supply port 2.

Then, the main motor (not shown) drives the rolls 5 and 6.
are rotated in opposite directions to each other, and the paddy is supplied from the hopper 1 to the gap S between the rolls 5 and 6, and the hulling is performed by the friction between both rolls.

Therefore, in the present invention, the condition designation circuit 12, the escape ratio designation circuit 13, and the sliding amount detection circuit 14 are each connected to the load current reference value calculation circuit 15, and the output side of the circuit 15 is connected to the load current detection circuit 16 as well as the comparison circuit 17. Further, the output side of the circuit 17 is connected to the motor M.

Then, the condition specifying circuit 12 determines the diameter of the rolls 5 and 6, the degree of difficulty in removing the paddy depending on the type and moisture content of the paddy, the power consumption ratio between the main motor driven parts other than the rolls (for example, the feed roll 3), and the rolls 5 and 6. The frequencies of the power supply voltages are each designated manually or by a sensor and input to the arithmetic circuit 15.

In addition, in the detection circuit 14, the sliding amount is adjusted by the adjusting valve 4.
is detected from the inclination angle or the rotational speed of the feed roll 3, and is inputted to the arithmetic circuit 15 together with the value of the escape ratio Q specified in the escape ratio designation circuit 13.

In the arithmetic circuit 15, the circuits 12 and 13
Based on the value of 14, the reference value Ai of the load current A flowing in the main motor circuit of rolls 5 and 6 under that condition.
Calculate the value Ai and the actual flowing load current A
The comparison circuit 17 compares the measured value Am with the measured value Am. As a result, if the measured value Am is larger than the reference value Ai, the gap S is enlarged by rotating the motor M in the normal direction and turning the adjusting rod 8 to the right via the screw rod 10.
Conversely, if the measured value Am is smaller than the reference value Ai, the motor M is reversely rotated to reduce the gap S.

Note that instead of measuring the load current A, the roll load may be measured from the torque from the main motor to the rolls 5 and 6 or the torque between the left and right rolls 5 and 6.

Next, the circuit example shown in FIG. 4 in which the present invention is implemented will be explained.

First, resistors R2 and R3 are connected in series to the variable resistor R1, and a series circuit of resistors R4 and R5 and a variable resistor R6 are connected in parallel to the resistor R2.

Then, the sliding terminal a of the resistor R6 is connected to the amplifier A1, the positive input terminal of the comparator C1, and the comparator C2.
The sliding terminal b of the resistor R4 is connected to the negative input terminal of the comparator C1, and the intermediate terminal c between the resistors R4 and R5 is connected to the positive input terminal of the comparator C2.

R7 is a variable resistor connected to the feedback circuit of amplifier A1.

18 is a coil of a current transformer connected to the power supply circuit of the main motor, and is connected to the amplifier A2 via a rectifier circuit including a diode 19 and a capacitor 20. R
8 is a variable resistor connected to the feedback circuit of the amplifier A2.

Then, the output sides of amplifiers A1 and A2 are connected to comparator C3.
The terminal d between the variable resistor R9 and the resistor R10 is connected to the negative and positive input terminals of the amplifier A1, respectively, and the output side of the amplifier A1 is grounded.
The output sides of C2 are connected to the positive and negative input terminals of comparator C4, respectively.

Then, the output sides of comparators C1 and C2 are connected to the NOR circuit 2.
1 to the not circuit 22, and the comparator C3
The NOT circuit 23 and circuit 22 on the output side of the comparator C4 are connected to the NOR circuit 24, and the NOT circuit 2 on the output side of the comparator C4 is connected to the NOR circuit 24.
5 and the circuit 22 are connected to the NOR circuit 26, respectively.

T1 is a switching transistor for a relay R1 that rotates the motor M in the normal direction, and the output side of the NOR circuit 24 is connected to its base.

T2 is a switching transistor for a relay R2 that reverses the motor M, and the output side of the NOR circuit 26 is connected to its base.

The output sides of the circuits 22, 24 and 26 are connected to a NOR circuit 27, and the output side is connected to a transistor T3.
Connect to the base of

Light emitting diodes D1 and D2 are connected in parallel to relays R1 and R2, respectively, and a light emitting diode D3 is connected to the collector side of transistor T3, respectively.

The emitters of transistors T1, T2, and T3 are grounded through a changeover switch S1 that switches between automatic e-contact and manual f-contact.
The other switching contact is connected to the collectors of transistors T1 and T2 via a switching switch S2.

Then, the variable resistor R1 is adjusted to specify the frequency of the power supply voltage and the power consumption ratio between the drive parts other than the rolls and the rolls, and the upper limit opening of the regulating valve 4 is specified by the variable resistor R4, and the variable resistor R6 is adjusted. The amount of sliding is specified by interlocking with the adjustment valve 4.
Next, the diameters of the rolls 5 and 6, the type of paddy, and the removal rate Q are specified using the variable resistor R7.

As a result, the reference value of the load current A is determined by the amplifier A1.
Ai is output, and by adjusting the variable resistor R9, the allowable lower limit of fluctuation of the reference value Ai is output from the terminal d.

On the other hand, from the amplifier A2, the current transformer 18
The measured value Am of the load current A is output.

Here, comparators C1 to C4 output 1 when the positive side input is large, and 0 when the negative side input is large.
Therefore, if the measured value Am of the load current A is larger than the reference value Ai, the output of the comparator C3 is 1 and the output of the comparator C4 is 0.

Similarly, when the output of the terminal 9 is smaller than the terminal b and larger than the terminal c, that is, when the regulating valve 4 is within the appropriate opening range, the outputs of the comparators C1 and C2 both become 0.

Therefore, in this case, the output of the NOR circuit 21 is 1 and the output of the NOT circuit 22 is 0, so when the output of the comparator C3 is 1 and the output of the NOT circuit 23 is 0, the output of the NOR circuit 24 is 1, and the output of the transistor T1 is Turn on. This closes relay R1 and motor M
rotates forward to enlarge the gap S between the rolls and lights up the light emitting diode D1 to indicate that the gap S is too narrow.

Conversely, if the measured value Am is smaller than the lower limit of allowable fluctuation of the reference value Ai, the output of the comparator C3 becomes 0 and the comparator C4 outputs 1, so that the not circuit 25
becomes 0, and circuit 26 outputs 1, turning on transistor T2. This allows relay R
2 is closed, the motor M is reversed to reduce the gap S between the rolls, and the light emitting diode D2 is turned on to indicate that the gap S is too wide.

As a result of adjusting the gap S in this way, the load current A
When the measured value Am is within the variation tolerance range of the reference value Ai, that is, when Am is smaller than Ai and larger than the output of terminal d, the outputs of comparators C3 and C4 are both 1 and the NOR circuit 27 All inputs become 0. Therefore, at this time, the circuit 27 outputs 1 to turn on the transistor T3, thereby turning on the light emitting diode D3.
lights up to indicate that the gap S is "normal".

In short, in the present invention, the circuit for specifying the removal rate Q and the conditions such as the diameter of the roll that determines the removal rate Q, the degree of difficulty in removing the paddy, and the roll power consumption ratio, and the detection circuit 14 for the amount of removed paddy are used as an arithmetic circuit. 15 to drive the rolls 5 and 6, and connect the output side of the arithmetic circuit 15 to the output side of the load current A detection circuit 16 together with the output side of the load current A detection circuit 16 to calculate the reference value Ai of the main motor that drives the rolls 5 and 6. Since the motor M is connected to M and rotates forward or reverse so that the measured value Am matches the reference value Ai, the effect is that a constant escape rate can always be maintained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of paddy being removed from the rolls W (Kg) and the load current A (Ampere) of the main motor using the removal rate Q (%) as a parameter. FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a rice huller embodying the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram thereof.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a hulling machine that adjusts the gap between two rolls by moving the shaft position of the rolls by a motor M that can freely rotate forward and backward, the diameter of the roll that determines the shedding ratio Q and the difficulty of shedding the paddy , a circuit for specifying conditions such as the roll consumption power ratio, and a detection circuit for the amount of paddy sliding out W are connected to an arithmetic circuit to calculate the reference value Ai of the load current A of the main motor that drives the rolls. The output side of the arithmetic circuit is connected to the motor M via a comparison circuit together with the output side of the detection circuit that outputs the measured value Am of the load current A, and the motor M is controlled so that the measured value Am matches the reference value Ai. Escape rate control device that rotates forward or reverse.