JPS6253630B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a treatment agent for synthetic fibers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel fiber processing oil that imparts high smoothness and antistatic performance to fiber threads in synthetic fiber manufacturing and processing steps. Conventionally, efforts have been made to speed up the manufacturing and processing of synthetic fibers, especially filaments, to improve productivity. ), and the heat treatment temperature is increasing, etc., and the conditions for spinning yarn are also becoming stricter. Along with this, the friction between the yarn and various contact bodies increases significantly, resulting in the occurrence of fuzz and yarn breakage due to damage to the fiber yarn, shortening of the life of the contact body due to abrasion of the contact body, and various problems due to an increase in the generation of frictional static electricity. Problems (roller wrapping, yarn breakage, and quality deterioration) are significant, and costs tend to increase due to reductions in production efficiency, quality, and shortening of replacement cycles due to shortened contact body life. For example, in the production of false-twisted crimped yarn, the frictional false-twisting method has been adopted in place of the conventional spindle method, and the speed of false-twisting has been dramatically increased. Even the friction false-twisting method has been speeded up further due to advances in various mechanical equipment, and recently, high-speed processing of 400 to 600 m/min and even over 1000 m/min has come to be performed. At the same time, the heater temperature is 160 to 190
It has been raised from a range of 200 to 230 degrees Celsius to 250 degrees Celsius. Moreover, under harsh conditions such as high speeds and high temperatures, the friction between the fiber threads and guides, compensators, rollers, heat treatment heaters, etc. that control and regulate thread guidance and tension increases, resulting in damage to the fiber threads. This causes fuzzing and thread breakage, which frequently reduces production efficiency. Another example is the increasing speed in the production of woven and knitted fabrics, which increases the friction between yarns and reeds and knitting needles, causing damage to the yarns and even more wear and tear on reeds and knitting needles. This tendency becomes particularly noticeable when yarn containing a relatively large amount of hard inorganic substances such as titanium oxide or carbon black is used. On the other hand, with such high speeds, the friction increases, and as a result, the generation of frictional static electricity between various types of contact with the fiber threads increases significantly.As a result, single strands are attached to the roller part during threading and running during filament drawing and processing processes. The yarn may become wrapped around the yarn, or in some cases, the yarn may break, resulting in a significant decrease in work efficiency. This phenomenon occurs particularly when subjected to heat treatment. That is, since the generation of static electricity generally increases rapidly when the humidity is low, yarns that have been heat set at high temperatures, such as during false twisting, are in a nearly bone-dry state and are highly susceptible to the generation of static electricity. On the other hand, in a process in which the yarn runs under low tension, the yarn often comes off from the contact area, causing unevenness in the yarn itself and resulting in a decrease in quality. The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned undesirable phenomena, namely, the increase in friction between the yarn and various contacting bodies due to increased speed and high temperature of the manufacturing and processing conditions of the fiber yarn, resulting in damage to the yarn and contact. In order to prevent cost increases due to lower production efficiency and lower quality caused by body abrasion, and to succeed in innovative technologies centered on higher speeds and higher temperatures, we need to improve the smoothness and smoothness of yarns. An object of the present invention is to provide an oil for textile treatment that can impart antistatic properties. As a result of various studies aimed at achieving the above-mentioned object, the present inventors found that conventionally, the oil agent generally used to treat fiber yarns is composed of a smoothing agent, an antistatic agent, an emulsifier, etc. They have learned that it is extremely difficult to overcome the various obstacles associated with higher speeds and higher temperatures using existing processing oils, and have developed various methods to obtain even higher levels of smoothness and antistatic performance. As a result of studies, it was discovered that the above object could be achieved by using an oil agent containing a specific compound that charges the yarn (+), and the present invention was achieved. That is, the present invention provides polyhydric carboxylic acids having 1 or 2 hydroxyl groups.
Alkali metal, ammonium or organic amine of compound (C) obtained by reacting (A) with aliphatic acyl halide (B) having 8 or more carbon atoms so that all of the hydroxyl groups are converted to ester bonds This oil agent for treating synthetic fibers is characterized by containing a salt (D) of To describe the present invention in more detail, the gist of the present invention is to include the component (D) in the oil agent in order to impart a high degree of smoothness and antistatic performance to the oil agent. This (D) component makes the yarn (+) as mentioned above.
It is a special material that charges electrically (see the column of the present invention in Table 1 below), and even when added in a very small amount, it has a high antistatic and smoothing effect. Each component of A to D will be listed below. Compound (A); Monooxydicarboxylic acids include malic acid, monooxytricarboxylic acids include citric acid, and dioxydicarboxylic acids include tartaric acid, but are not limited thereto. Compound (B): As the aliphatic acyl halide, ordinary acid chloride compounds of higher fatty acids having 8 or more carbon atoms are used. For example, lauric acid chloride, palminic acid chloride, myristic acid chloride, stearic acid chloride, oleic acid chloride, etc. are used. Compound (C); Compounds (A) and (B) can be easily synthesized by dehydrochlorination reaction. Compound (D): The compound obtained in (C) can be combined with an alkali hydroxide such as lithium hydroxide, caustic soda, or caustic potassium, or ammonia, or an alkanolamine salt such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, or triethanolamine, or trimethylamine. It can be produced by neutralizing with an alkylamine such as triethylamine, tributylamine, laurylamine, etc. Of course, these salts may be used alone or in the form of a mixture, and the degree of neutralization may be either complete or partial. Examples of the compound (D) suitable for the present invention include the following. Potassium salt of the reactant obtained from malic acid and lauric acid chloride Sodium salt of the reactant obtained from malic acid and palmitic acid chloride Potassium salt of the reactant obtained from citric acid and lauric acid chloride Obtained from citric acid and stearic acid chloride Potassium salt of the reactant obtained from tartaric acid and lauric acid chloride Potassium salt of the reactant obtained from tartaric acid and stearic acid chloride. The present invention aims to provide a novel lubricant having smoothness and antistatic properties by adding the above-mentioned compounds to various conventional lubricants for textiles. For example, this can be achieved by appropriately adding a lubricant to an oil system consisting of mineral oil, animal or vegetable oil, various synthetic ester lubricants, polyalkylene glycol lubricants, synthetic silicone lubricants, and emulsifiers thereof. It is effective to add it in an amount of 2% (by weight) or more, particularly preferably 3 to 20% (by weight). When using the oil agent of the present invention, either a water-based emulsion or a straight method may be used as the adhesion method, and the adhesion treatment may be carried out at any step such as spinning, drawing, etc., or various processing steps depending on the purpose. It can also be done in
In other words, when used as a spinning oil, it reduces fuzz and yarn breakage during the spinning and drawing processes, and also reduces static electricity damage and wear of the friction body of guide roller knitting needles during the diameter adjustment process, yarn twisting process, weaving and weaving process, and false twisting process. It is extremely effective in preventing. The amount of the oil applied varies depending on the process described above, but for example, in the case of false twisting, it is appropriate to select it within the range of 0.2 to 2.0% by weight (based on the fiber). Although the oil agent of the present invention is effective on any synthetic fiber, it exhibits particularly excellent effects on multifilament yarns such as polyester and polyamide yarns. Examples will be described below, and the frictional charging voltage, wear resistance, workability, and processability in the examples were evaluated by the following methods. (1) Frictional charging voltage () The sample yarn was measured at a constant tension (20
g), the thread is run at a speed of 100 m/min over a heater plate temperature of 210°C (heater length 60cm), and then brought into contact (contact angle 90°) with a metal friction body (hot pin with a surface temperature of 150°C) to create friction. The frictional charging voltage of the filament thread was measured at a position 5 cm behind the body using a current collector potential measuring device (manufactured by Kasuga Denki). (2) Abrasion resistance The sample yarn was subjected to initial tension at 20°C and 65% relative humidity.
The yarn was run in contact with a knitting needle at a yarn speed of 100 m/min under a weight of 15 g and a contact angle of 170°, and the surface of the knitting needle was observed under a microscope after 2 hours. The wear resistance was judged based on the presence or absence of wear marks. (3) Processing stability ○ is good, △ is slightly poor, based on the size of fuzz generation during processing, yarn breakage rate, crimpability, etc.
× Inferior (inferior). Example When polyethylene terephthalate was melt-spun at a spinning speed of 3300 m/min, a treatment composition as shown in the following table was applied to the spun yarn using an aqueous emulsion with an emulsion concentration of 10% (weight) and a pure adhesion amount of 0.3. % (weight). The obtained 115 denier/36 filament undrawn yarn was drawn at a draw ratio of 1.5, a drawing speed of 900 m/min, and a heater plate of 200°C, resulting in a 75 denier/36 filament yarn.
A drawn filament yarn was left overnight at 20°C in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 65% and was used as a sample to evaluate the frictional charge voltage during yarn running and the abrasion resistance of the metal friction body. On the other hand, a 115 denier/36 filament undrawn yarn was drawn using a ceramic external friction false twisting device equipped with a 45 mm diameter disk at a drawing ratio of 1.5, a heater temperature of 220°C, and a friction disk rotation speed of 6250 rpm. False twisting was performed while stretching at a processing speed of 700 m/min. The results are also shown in the table below. In addition, D-1 to D-6 in the table are as follows, respectively. D-1 Dipotassium salt of bislauroyloxysuccinic acid D-2 Disodium salt of palmitoyloxysuccinic acid D-3 Dipotassium salt of lauroyloxycitric acid D-4 K of the reaction product of malic acid and oleyl alcohol (1 mol) Salt D-5 K salt of the reaction product of citric acid and oleyl alcohol (1 mol) D-6 K salt of the reaction product of citric acid and oleyl alcohol (2 mol)

[Table] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, it can be seen that excellent performance can be imparted to the yarn by incorporating the compound of the present invention (component D) into the oil agent.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A polyhydric carboxylic acid having 1 to 2 hydroxyl groups is reacted with a higher aliphatic acyl halide having 8 or more carbon atoms so that all of the hydroxyl groups are converted into ester bonds. An oil agent for treating synthetic fibers, characterized in that it contains an alkali metal, ammonium or organic amine salt of the resulting compound. 2. The oil agent for treating synthetic fibers according to claim 1, wherein the polycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid. 3. The oil agent for treating synthetic fibers according to claim 1, wherein the higher aliphatic acyl halide is selected from the group consisting of lauric acid chloride, palmitic acid chloride, myristic acid chloride, stearic acid chloride, and oleic acid chloride. .