JPH0129906B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a treatment agent for synthetic fibers, particularly in the manufacturing and processing steps of synthetic fibers.
The present invention relates to a novel fiber treatment oil that imparts high smoothness and antistatic ability to fiber threads. [Prior Art] Conventionally, efforts have been made to increase the speed of manufacturing and processing synthetic fibers such as polyamide fibers and polyester fibers, especially filaments, to improve productivity. The spinning conditions are becoming stricter, such as increasing the contact pressure between the strips and various contacting bodies (for example, guides, rollers, heaters, etc.) and increasing the heat treatment temperature. Along with this, the friction between the yarn and various contact bodies increases significantly, resulting in the occurrence of fuzz and yarn breakage due to damage to the fiber yarn, shortening of the life of the contact body due to abrasion of the contact body, and increase in the generation of frictional static electricity. Various problems (roller wrapping, yarn breakage, and quality deterioration) are significant, and costs tend to increase due to reductions in production efficiency, quality, and shortening of replacement cycles due to shortened contact body life. For example, in the production of false-twisted crimped yarn, a frictional false-twisting method has been adopted in place of the conventional spindle method, and the false-twisting speed has been dramatically increased. Even the frictional false twisting process has been speeded up due to advances in various machinery and equipment, and has recently reached speeds of 600 to 800 m/min, and even 1000 m/min.
High-speed machining exceeding m/min is now being performed. At the same time, the heater temperature has increased from the conventional range of 160 to 190 degrees Celsius to 200 to 230 degrees Celsius.
The temperature has been raised to 250℃. Moreover, under severe conditions of high speed and high temperatures, the friction between the fiber threads and guides, compensators, rollers, heat treatment heaters, etc. that control and regulate thread guidance and tension increases, resulting in damage to the fiber threads. This causes fuzz and yarn breakage, which significantly reduces production efficiency. Another example is the increasing speed in the production of woven and knitted fabrics, which increases the friction between yarns and reeds and knitting needles, causing damage to yarns and even more wear and tear on reeds and knitting needles. ing. This tendency is particularly noticeable when using yarn containing a relatively large amount of hard inorganic substances such as titanium oxide and carbon black. On the other hand, due to the increase in friction at such higher speeds, the generation of frictional static electricity between the fiber threads and various contact bodies also increases significantly. As a result, in filament drawing and processing steps, single yarns may wind around the rollers during threading or running, or may even break, resulting in extremely poor workability. Such a phenomenon occurs particularly when subjected to heat treatment. That is, since the generation of static electricity generally increases rapidly when the humidity is low, yarns that have been heat set at high temperatures, such as during false twisting, are in a nearly bone-dry state and are in a situation where static electricity is very likely to be generated.
Furthermore, in a process in which the yarn runs under low tension, the yarn often comes off from the contact area, causing unevenness in the yarn itself, resulting in a decrease in quality. In order to prevent such problems, damage to the yarn and damage to the contact body that occur as a result of increased friction between the yarn and various contact bodies as the manufacturing speed and processing conditions of the fiber yarn increase and the temperature increases. In order to prevent cost increases due to wear-induced reductions in production efficiency and deterioration of quality, some of the inventors of the present invention have previously developed citric acid as an oil for fiber treatment that can impart smoothness and antistatic properties. proposed an oil agent (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 36268/1983) containing a salt of an ester compound of a higher fatty acid having 8 or more carbon atoms. but,
For industrial production purposes, fiber manufacturing and processing stability is required over a wide range over a long period of time, and in this respect, the above-mentioned oil agents are still insufficient in some cases. [Objective of the Invention] The object of the present invention is to provide a fiber processing oil agent that is compatible with the innovation of fiber processing conditions centered on higher speeds and higher temperatures, that is, to provide yarn with even higher level of smoothness and antistatic performance. The objective is to provide a lubricant that can [Structure of the Invention] As a result of various studies in order to achieve the above object, the present inventors found that although textile treatment oils generally consist of a smoothing agent, an antistatic agent, an emulsifier, etc., citric acid and a higher alcohol Compared to the salt of the reaction product of citric acid and higher fatty acid, which has one hydroxyl group in the molecule, the salt of the reaction product has superior compatibility with the oil component, improving antistatic performance and reducing scum generation during processing. It was found that the process stability was significantly improved. As a result of further thorough investigation based on this knowledge, we found that the above-mentioned compatibility is based on the hydroxyl group in the molecule, and that citric acid with the hydroxyl group actively left behind and containing higher alkyl or perfluoroalkyl groups. The present invention was achieved by discovering that the above object can be achieved by an oil agent containing a salt obtained by neutralizing an ester compound consisting of an alcohol component. That is, according to the present invention, there is provided an oil agent for treating fibers containing at least one salt of citric acid monoester represented by the following general formula () or (). [However, R is a _C8-24 linear or branched alkyl group or perfluoroalkyl group, or a group represented by the following general formula (), R″-X-(A-O-) _o A-... () [However, R'' is a C _8-24 linear or branched alkyl group or perfluoroalkyl group, and X is -
O-, -S-, -CON-(A-O-) _n H-, -SO ₂ N-(
A-O-) _n H- (m is an integer of 0 to 7), A is an ethylene group or a propylene group, and n is an integer of 0 to 7. ] M is an alkali metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, or alkanol ammonium. ] [However, R′ is a C _8-24 linear or branched alkyl group or perfluoroalkyl group, or a group represented by the following general formula (), R″-X-(A-O-) _o B − ...() [However, R″, X, A, and n are the same as above,
B is a C1-6 alkylene group. ] M is the same as above. ] The salt of citric acid monoester represented by the general formula () used in the present invention can be synthesized by a conventionally known method. )
can be easily obtained by reacting to form an ester and then neutralizing to form a salt. As such hydroxyl group compounds, linear or branched aliphatic monohydric alcohols having 8 to 24 carbon atoms are used, such as octyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and stearyl alcohol, which are natural higher alcohols. It may be a synthetic product. Further, as a special compound having a hydroxyl group, 1 to 8 carbon atoms of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide are added to an aliphatic alcohol, aliphatic mercaptan, fatty acid amide, or fatty acid sulfonic acid amide having 8 to 24 carbon atoms. A molar addition compound (the terminal group is a hydroxyl group) may also be used. Examples of such compounds include octyl alcohol,
Containing higher alkyl groups such as alkyl ethers and alkyl thioethers obtained by adding 1 to 8 moles of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide to lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, octyl mercaptan, cetyl mercaptan, lauryl mercaptan, stearyl mercaptan, etc. Examples include compounds with a terminal hydroxyl group. Furthermore, perfluoroalkyl alcohols having a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, hydroxyethylated compounds of perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid amides having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, and these It may be a compound containing a perfluoro group, which is obtained by adding ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide to the compound. On the other hand, a salt of citric acid monoester represented by the general formula () can also be synthesized by a conventionally known esterification method. That is, a compound having a carboxyl group at the end is reacted with glycerin to form a monoglyceride, and then the monoglyceride and citric acid are reacted to form a citric acid monoester (monoglyceride is the alcohol component).
can be easily obtained by forming a salt and then neutralizing it to form a salt. As such a compound having a carboxyl group at its terminal, higher fatty acids having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, such as octanoic acid, lauric acid, myristyrenic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid, are commonly used. Also, special ones include those with 8 to 24 carbon atoms,
Carboxylic acids obtained by reacting monochloroacetic acid etc. with a higher alcohol or higher alkyl mercaptan, or by reacting a higher alkyl halide having 8 to 24 carbon atoms with a hydroxy-containing fatty acid or a mercapto group-containing fatty acid, and furthermore, carboxylic acids having 8 carbon atoms. ~
24 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids, etc.
All can be used. Moreover, M shown in the general formula () and the general formula () is an alkali metal such as sodium, potassium, and lithium, and potassium is particularly suitable. Furthermore, ammonium groups, monoalkanolamines, dialkanolamines, trialkanolamines, such as monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, propanolamine, isopropanolamine, when the citric acid monoester is neutralized with ammonia, It may be an alkanol ammonium group when neutralized with lower alkanolamines such as butanolamines, or an alkylammonium group when neutralized with monoalkylamines, dialkylamines, trialkylamines, etc. Specific examples of such compounds are illustrated below, but the present invention is not limited in any way. (1) Potassium salt of citric acid monolauryl ester (2) Potassium salt of citric acid monoisostearyl ester (3) Sodium salt of citric acid perfluorooctyl ester (4) (POE−) ₂ lauryl thioether ester of citric acid (5) Triethanolamine salt of citric acid ester of glycerin monooleyl ester (6) Potassium citrate ester of glycerin monoperfluorooctanoic acid ester (7) Sodium salt of citric acid ester of glycerin monoisostearate ( 8) Potassium citrate ester of monolaurylthiopropionic acid ester of glycerin (9) Potassium salt of (POE) _4- oleyl ether ester of citric acid (10) Citric ester of carboxylic ester of perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide of glycerin Potassium salt The present invention aims to obtain a new oil agent that imparts a high degree of smoothness and antistatic performance to fibers by adding the above-mentioned compound to various conventional oil agents for textiles. For example, the purpose can be achieved by appropriately adding the lubricant to an oil system consisting of mineral oil, animal and vegetable oil, various synthetic ester lubricants, polyalkylene glycol lubricants, synthetic silicone lubricants, and emulsifiers thereof. It is effective to add the amount of 2% (weight) or more, especially 3% (weight) or more.
~20% (by weight) is preferred. As mentioned above, these compounds have improved compatibility with other components of the oil composition by actively leaving a hydroxyl group in the molecule, so they can provide stable antistatic effects and at the same time. It is presumed that the generation of scum during the processing process is reduced, and as a result, the production and processing stability of the fiber is maintained over a wide range and for a long time. When using the oil agent of the present invention, either a water-based emulsion or a straight method may be used as the adhesion method, and the adhesion treatment may be carried out at any step, such as spinning, drawing, etc., or various processing steps, depending on the purpose. It is also possible to do so. In other words, when used as a spinning oil, it reduces fuzz and yarn breakage in the spinning and drawing processes, and also reduces static electricity damage and friction objects such as guide rollers and knitting needles in the warping process, twisting process, knitting machine process, and false twisting process. It is extremely effective in preventing wear. The amount of oil applied varies depending on the process described above, but for example, for false twisting, it is 0.2 to 20% by weight.
It is appropriate to select within the range of (with respect to fiber).
Although the oil agent of the present invention is effective on any synthetic fiber, it exhibits particularly excellent effects on multifilament yarns such as polyester and polyamide yarns. Examples will be described below, and the frictional charging voltage, constant wear properties, workability, and workability in the examples were evaluated by the following methods. (1) Frictional charging voltage (V) The sample thread was measured at a constant tension (20
g), run on a heater plate temperature of 210°C (heater length: 60cm) at a yarn speed of 100m/min, and then contact (contact angle of 90°) with a metal friction body (hot pin with a surface temperature of 150°C). The frictional charging voltage of the filant yarn was measured at a position 5 cm behind the friction body using a current collector potential measuring device (manufactured by Kasuga Denki). (2) Abrasion resistance The sample yarn was run in contact with a knitting needle at a yarn speed of 100 m/min under an initial tension of 15 g and a contact angle of 170° at 20°C and a relative humidity of 65%. After 2 hours, the surface of the knitting needle was examined under a microscope. Observed. The wear resistance was judged based on the presence or absence of wear marks. (3) Processing stability 〇 is good and △ is slightly poor in terms of the amount of fluff generated during processing, yarn breakage rate, crimpability, etc. × Inferior to 5 levels. Example When polyethylene terephthalate was melt-spun at a spinning speed of 3300 m/min, a treatment composition as shown in the table below was applied to the spun yarn using an aqueous emulsion with an emulsion concentration of 10% (weight) and a pure content of 0.3%. (weight). The obtained undrawn yarn of 115 denier/36 filaments was drawn at a draw ratio of 1.5, a drawing speed of 900 m, and a heater plate of 200°C, and the drawn yarn of 75 denier/36 filaments was drawn at 20°C and a relative humidity of 65%. A sample was left in an atmosphere for a day and night, and the frictional charge voltage during thread running and the abrasion resistance of the metal friction body were evaluated. On the other hand, a 115 denier/36 filament undrawn yarn was drawn using a ceramic external friction false twisting device equipped with a 45 mm diameter disk at a drawing ratio of 1.5, a heater temperature of 220°C, and a friction disk rotation speed of 6250 v.pm. False twisting was performed while stretching at a processing speed of 700 m/min.
The results are also shown in the table below. In addition, A~ in the table
E is as follows. Compound A: Potassium salt of citric acid monolauryl ester Compound B: Sodium salt of perfluorooctyl ester of citric acid Compound C: Ammonium salt of (POE) ₂ lauryl thioether ester of citric acid Compound D: Citric acid of glycerin monooleyl ester Ester potassium salt Compound E: triethanolamine salt of citric acid ester of monolaurylthiopropionate of glycerin

[Table] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the addition of the compound of the present invention provides excellent performance.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An oil agent for textile treatment, characterized by containing at least one salt of citric acid monoester represented by the following general formula () or (). [However, R is a _C8-24 linear or branched alkyl group or perfluoroalkyl group, or a group represented by the following general formula (), R″-X-(A-O-) _o A-... () [However, R'' is a C _8-24 linear or branched alkyl group or perfluoroalkyl group, and X is -
O-, -S-, -CON-(A-O-) _n H-, -SO ₂ N-(
A-O-) _n H- (m is an integer of 0 to 7), A is an ethylene group or a propylene group, and n is an integer of 0 to 7. ] M is an alkali metal, ammonium, alkylammonium, or alkanol ammonium. ] [However, R′ is a C _8-24 linear or branched alkyl group or perfluoroalkyl group, or a group represented by the following general formula (), R″-X-(A-O-) _o B − ...() [However, R″, X, A, and n are the same as above,
B is a C1-6 alkylene group. ] M is the same as above. ]