JPS6255041B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in headers for gas-liquid two-phase fluid distribution.

FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the header distribution method. In the figure, 1 is a header, 2 is a header inflow pipe, and 3 is an outflow pipe. The gas-liquid two-phase fluid passes through the inlet pipe 2 and flows into the header 1 . The header 1 is provided with a large number of outflow pipes 3, so that the gas-liquid two-phase flow that has flowed into the header 1 is branched into the outflow pipes 3 and flows out. Here, when it is necessary to provide a large number of outflow pipes 3 for a limited header length, a plurality of outflow pipes may be provided in one cross section of the header, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. becomes.

2 and 3, 11 is a cylindrical header whose longitudinal axis is horizontal, 12 is an inflow pipe, 13a, 1
3b, 13c, 13d are a number of outlet ports 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, respectively, within one cross section of the header.
15 indicates the air-liquid interface within the header.

The gas-liquid two-phase flow that has flowed into the header 11 through the inflow pipe 12 is distributed and flows out from the numerous outflow ports 14a to 14d to the outflow pipes 13a to 13d connected thereto.

However, the conventional gas-liquid two-phase fluid distribution header shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has the following drawbacks. That is, the gas-liquid two-phase fluid flowing in from the inflow pipe 12 undergoes phase separation inside the header 11 due to the difference in specific gravity between the gas and liquid, with the gas phase occupying the upper part of the header and the liquid phase occupying the lower part of the header. .
Therefore, a gas-liquid interface 15 is created within the header 11,
The position of the gas-liquid interface 15 is intermediate between the position of the lowest outlet 14a and the position of the highest outlet 14d. Therefore, the outlet 1 located below the gas-liquid interface 15
4a, 14b are filled with liquid, and the outflow pipes 13a, 1
Only liquid flows out to 3b, and no gas flows out. On the other hand, the outlet 1 located above the gas-liquid interface 15
Only gas exists near 4c and 14d,
Only gas flows out into the outflow pipes 13c and 13d, and no liquid flows out.

That is, in the gas-liquid two-phase flow distribution header as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the proportion of gas and liquid flowing out into each outflow pipe is different. Therefore,
Such a header cannot be used when a gas-liquid two-phase fluid needs to be evenly branched and distributed so that the gas-liquid flow rate is equal. In view of these circumstances, the present invention aims at distributing gas-liquid two-phase fluid using a header so that the flow rate of gas-liquid flowing out to each outflow pipe is equal to all the outflow pipes. The present invention proposes a header for fluid distribution, in which at least one inflow pipe is connected to a header body, and the open end is located approximately at the same position as the gas-liquid interface within the header body, and the opening end is approximately at the inner wall surface of the side of the header body. The open ends of a plurality of first outflow pipes are directly connected to the side portion of the header body at the same position, and the plurality of first outflow pipes penetrate through the upper side of the header body so that the open ends are located at approximately the same position as the air-liquid interface within the header body. The present invention provides a gas-liquid two-phase fluid distribution header characterized in that a plurality of second outflow pipes are connected to each other.

The apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the distribution header according to the present invention, in which 21 is a cylindrical header with a longitudinal axis in the horizontal direction, and 22 is a gas-liquid two-phase header connected to the cylindrical header. Fluid inflow pipes, 23a, 23b
23c is a gas-liquid two-phase fluid outflow pipe which is a first outflow pipe directly connected to the side of the header 21;
1, which is a second outflow pipe for gas-liquid two-phase fluid, which passes through the outflow pipes 23a, 23b, 23c.
The outlets 24a, 24b and 24c are arranged at approximately the same height as the air-liquid interface 25 within the header 21.

The outflow ports 24a and 24b are arranged symmetrically and at the same height with each other across the axis of the header 21, and the outflow port 24c is located at the tip of the outflow pipe 23c inserted through the header 21. , and has a cut in a diagonal direction with respect to the tube axis, and the height of the upper and lower edges thereof is equal to the upper edge height 26a of the outlet ports 24a and 24b.
and the lower edge height 26b.

In the gas-liquid two-phase fluid distribution header having such a structure, the gas-liquid two-phase flow flowing in from the inflow pipe 22 undergoes phase separation inside the header 21 due to the difference in specific gravity between the gas and liquid, and the upper part of the header is separated from the gas phase. However, the liquid phase comes to occupy the lower part of the header.

Therefore, a gas-liquid interface 25 is created within the header 21. If the position of the gas-liquid interface 25 is
4b is higher than the height 26a of the upper edge of the outlet 24
a, 24b are filled with liquid, and the outflow pipes 23a, 2
Only liquid flows out to 3b. Also, the outlet 24c
is at the same height as the outflow ports 24a, 24b, and is at a position lower than the height 26a of the upper edge of the outflow ports 24a, 24b, that is, in the liquid phase, so the outflow pipe 23c
Only liquid flows out. Therefore, header 21
Since the gas that has flowed into the header 21 cannot flow out and is accumulated in the header 21, the gas-liquid interface 25 descends.

Conversely, if the gas-liquid interface 25 is
If the height is lower than the height 26b of the lower edge of b, the outlet 24
a, 24b are filled with gas, and the outflow pipes 23a, 2
Only gas flows out to 3b. In addition, the outlet 24
c is also the outlet 24 like the outlets 24a and 24b.
Since it is located at a position higher than the height 26b of the lower edge of the a and 24b, that is, within the gas phase, only gas flows out to the outflow pipe 23c as well. Therefore, the liquid that has flowed into the header 21 cannot flow out and is accumulated within the header 21, so that the gas-liquid interface 25 rises.

In the end, the gas-liquid interface 25 settles at an intermediate level between the height 26a of the upper edge of the outlet 24a and the height 26b of the lower edge, and since both the gas and liquid phases are in contact with the outlets 24a, 24b, and 24c, the outflow Gas-liquid two-phase fluid flows out into the pipes 23a, 23b and 23c. Outlet 24
a and 24b are symmetrical with respect to the vertical axis of the header 21 and are at the same height, so the outflow pipe 23a
The proportions of gas and liquid flowing out to and 23b are the same.

Furthermore, since the outlet 24c is located at the same height as the outlets 24a and 24b, gas and liquid flow out into the outlet pipe 23c at approximately the same flow rate as in the other outlet pipes.

That is, the gas-liquid two-phase fluid flowing into the header 21 is evenly distributed to the outflow pipes 23a, 23b, and 23c.

5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the device of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the second outflow pipe is the outflow pipe 23c.
The difference is that the outlet 34c provided at the tip of the second embodiment is cut obliquely from both planes, and the other configurations are completely the same as the first embodiment.

The present embodiment has almost the same effects as the first embodiment, but has the advantage that the fluid flows smoothly from both sides due to the above-mentioned cut. be.

7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the device of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the second outflow pipe is the outflow pipe 23c.
When forming the outflow port 44c, the outflow pipe 23c
The tip is closed, and two outflow holes are provided on both sides of the side near the tip, and the other configurations are the same as in the previous embodiment.

This embodiment has almost the same effects as the second embodiment. Note that at least one outflow hole may be provided in the outflow port 44c, but in any case, the height of the upper edge and the lower edge of the outflow hole are the same as those of the outflow port 2.
It is necessary to approximately match the upper edge heights 26a and 26b of 4a and 24b.

FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the device of the present invention, in which 53a, 53b, 53c and 53d are four outflow pipes connected to the header 21;
b, 54c and 54d are the outlet ports of these outlet pipes.

The outflow ports 54a and 54b are provided on the wall surface of the header 21, and are provided symmetrically across the axis of the header 21 and at the same height above a horizontal plane containing the axis of the header 21. Outlet 5
4c and 54d are provided at the tips of outflow pipes 53c and 53d inserted diagonally through the header 21, and these four outflow ports 54a to 54d all have an upper edge height and a lower edge height. It coincides with broken lines 26a and 26b.

In addition, in FIG. 9, members denoted by the same reference numerals as in the embodiment described above indicate the same members as in the embodiment described above, and therefore their explanations will be omitted.

The effects of this example are the same as those of the previous example, but by increasing the number of outflow pipes by one,
The amount of gas-liquid two-phase fluid transported can be increased accordingly compared to the embodiment described above.

In the device of the present invention, the shape and number of the inflow pipes may be set arbitrarily depending on the conditions, and the inflow pipes may be installed in any direction with respect to the header, such as horizontally, vertically upward, or vertically downward. .
Alternatively, the gas-liquid two-phase fluid may be introduced from the axial direction of the header 21 by attaching it to both ends or one end of the header 21 in the longitudinal direction.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the header may be oval or rectangular in addition to circular. In addition, in FIGS. 4 and 9, the shape of the outlet provided at the tip of the outlet pipe that penetrates the header and is inserted into the header may be any shape as appropriate depending on the conditions. The tubes do not have to be integral, and different tubes inside and outside the header may be joined near the header wall surface.

As described above, in the device of the present invention, at least one inflow pipe is connected to the header main body, and the open end is located approximately at the same position as the gas-liquid interface within the header main body, and the opening end is approximately in contact with the inner wall surface of the side part of the header main body. The open ends of a plurality of first outflow pipes are directly connected to the side portion of the header body at the same position, and the plurality of first outflow pipes penetrate through the upper side of the header body so that the open ends are located at approximately the same position as the air-liquid interface within the header body. By connecting a plurality of second outflow pipes with each other, when there is only one type of first outflow pipe that is directly connected to the side of the header body, gas-liquid two-phase fluid can be transferred to each outflow pipe. In order to distribute it evenly,
In order to open the open end at the level of the air-liquid interface in the header, only two outflow pipes can be provided in one cross section of the header, and distribution to multiple outflow pipes is not possible, but By providing a second outflow pipe that penetrates the upper side and opening its open end at the same height as the gas-liquid interface, it is possible to evenly distribute the gas-liquid two-phase fluid to a large number of outflow pipes, and When the first outflow pipe protrudes into the header, the open ends of the outflow pipes approach each other, so the area sandwiched between the left and right open ends becomes narrower, and the gas-liquid two-phase fluid flows through this sandwiched area. It flows out from the part to the outflow pipe, and a flow is generated in the axial direction of the header to compensate for the outflow, but because the sandwiched part is narrow, the flow rate is fast, easily causing turbulence and vertical movement of the gas-liquid interface. However, by arranging the opening end of the first outflow pipe at almost the same position as the inner wall surface of the side of the header body, the distance between the left and right opening ends is widened, and the flow rate changes in the header axial direction. The flow rate of the gas can be slowed down, thus reducing turbulence and vertical movement of the gas-liquid interface, allowing stable distribution to each outflow pipe.

As a result, the flow rate of gas and liquid flowing out from each outlet can be made equal, and a gas-liquid two-phase flow having an equal flow rate of gas and liquid can be distributed and flown to each outlet pipe. Fluid distribution headers are, for example, headers that distribute steam and water two-phase fluid in boiler evaporation tube groups, headers that distribute steam and liquid two-phase fluid in air-cooled condensers, and other headers that distribute vapor and liquid two-phase fluid. It is suitable for application to headers, etc. that distribute two-phase fluid in plants and equipment handled.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing a method of distributing gas-liquid two-phase fluid using a header, Figs. 2 and 3 show a conventional header for distributing gas-liquid two-phase fluid, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevational view thereof. , FIG. 3 is a side view with the outflow pipe removed, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional elevation view showing the first embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional elevation view showing the second embodiment of the device of the present invention. 6 is a vertical sectional side view taken along the - line in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional elevational view showing the third embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional side view taken along the - line in FIG. 7. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional elevational view showing a fourth embodiment of the device of the present invention. 1, 11, 21... Header, 2, 12, 22...
...Inflow pipe, 3, 13a, 13b, 13c, 13
d, 23a, 23b, 23c, 53a, 53b,
53c, 53d...Outflow pipe, 14a, 14b, 1
4c, 14d, 24a, 24b, 24c, 34
c, 44c, 54a, 54b, 54c, 54d...
...Outlet, 15, 25...Air-liquid interface, 26a...
Outlet upper edge height, 26b...Outlet lower edge height.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 At least one inflow pipe is connected to the header body, and the open end is located at approximately the same position as the air-liquid interface within the header body, and the open end is connected to the side of the header body at approximately the same position as the inner wall surface of the side part of the header body. A plurality of second outflow pipes pass through the upper side of the header body such that the open ends of the plurality of first outflow pipes are directly connected, and the open ends are located at approximately the same position as the air-liquid interface within the header main body. A header for gas-liquid two-phase fluid distribution, characterized in that: are connected to each other.