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JPS6258129B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6258129B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6258129B2
JPS6258129B2 JP58093097A JP9309783A JPS6258129B2 JP S6258129 B2 JPS6258129 B2 JP S6258129B2 JP 58093097 A JP58093097 A JP 58093097A JP 9309783 A JP9309783 A JP 9309783A JP S6258129 B2 JPS6258129 B2 JP S6258129B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
porcelain
semiconductor
mol
capacitance
dielectric constant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP58093097A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59217322A (en
Inventor
Yasunobu Yoneda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd filed Critical Murata Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority to JP58093097A priority Critical patent/JPS59217322A/en
Priority to US06/613,628 priority patent/US4535064A/en
Publication of JPS59217322A publication Critical patent/JPS59217322A/en
Publication of JPS6258129B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6258129B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

この発明はチタン酸バリウム系の還元再酸化型
半導体コンデンサ磁器組成物に関するものであ
る。 従来、半導体コンデンサには、半導体磁器の結
晶粒界にCu,Bi,Mnなどを拡散させた粒界絶縁
型のもの、また半導体磁器の表面層を利用した表
面堰層型ならびに還元再酸化型のものが知られて
いる。 このうち、粒界絶縁型半導体コンデンサには材
料系としてBaTiO3系とSrTiO3系のものがあり、
近年では温度特性、バイアス特性などの点ですぐ
れているSrTiO3系が主流となつている。このほ
かこの種コンデンサの特徴としては、電極の種類
が変わつても特性変動が少ないこと、信頼性にす
ぐれているなどの長所を有している。しかしなが
ら、一方では工程が複雑なためコストアツプにな
つていること、破壊電圧が低いこと、面積容量を
大きくすることができないことなどが欠点として
挙げられる。 また、表面堰層型半導体コンデンサは比較的大
きな面積容量を得ることができるが、破壊電圧、
絶縁抵抗が低く、使用範囲に制限がある。 さらに、還元再酸化型半導体コンデンサは誘電
体磁器を還元雰囲気中で熱処理して半導体化し、
次いで酸化性雰囲気で熱処理を行なつて表面に誘
電体層を形成し、しかるのち電極を付与すること
によつて得られるものである。したがつてこの種
のコンデンサの容量、絶縁抵抗、破壊電圧、容量
温度特性などの各電気特性は誘電体層の生成状態
に大きく左右されるという特徴がある。 この還元再酸化型半導体コンデンサについては
特許公報や文献などで数多く紹介されており、ま
た実用化もされているが、近年コンデンサの小形
大容量化がさらに強く要望されていることから、
面積容量が一層大きい(0.7μF/cm2以上)材料
の出現が要望されている。 しかしながら、面積容量を大きくするために
は、誘電体磁器の誘電率が同じである場合、当然
半導体磁器表面の再酸化層(誘電体層)は薄くな
ければならず、逆に破壊電圧、絶縁抵抗の低下を
招くことになる。 このように小形大容量化を図るといつても、面
積容量が大きいことはもちろん、破壊電圧、絶縁
抵抗が高いことが必要であり、そのためには次の
ような条件を満足しなければならない。 誘電体磁器の誘電率が大きいこと。 磁器が緻密で結晶粒径が均一で小さいこと。 還元、再酸化速度が大きいこと。 従来、還元再酸化型半導体コンデンサには
BaTiO3―La2O3―TiO2系などの固溶体にMn酸化
物を添加した組成系が知られている。しかし、こ
れらの組成系のものは結晶粒径が小さいと誘電率
が8000〜10000程度と小さくなる。また誘電率を
12000以上のものにしようとすると、結晶粒径が
3μm以上と大きくなり、面積容量を0.7μF/
cm2以上にしたとき、破壊電圧、絶縁抵抗が極端に
低下してしまい、実用に供し得ないという問題が
あつた。 この発明者はチタン酸バリウム系の種々の組成
物について研究した結果、誘電率が高く、しかも
磁器が緻密で結晶粒径が微小均一であり、かつ還
元再酸化が容易な還元再酸化型半導体コンデンサ
用の磁器組成物を見い出し、その結果コンデンサ
の小形大容量化を達成したものである。 すなわち、この発明は、チタン酸バリウム
(BaTiO3)、酸化セリウム(CeO2)、酸化ランタ
ン(La2O3)、酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)を含む主
成分に、酸化マンガンをMnに換算して0.01〜0.4
重量%添加含有させたものである。 この組成物は次のようにして処理され半導体コ
ンデンサとして構成される。つまり、原料組成を
調合、混合し、この混合物を成形して酸化性雰囲
気で焼成し、次いで還元性雰囲気で熱処理を行つ
て半導体磁器としたのち、酸化性雰囲気で熱処理
を行つて半導体磁器表面に薄い誘電体層を形成
し、さらに表面に電極を付与して半導体コンデン
サとして構成される。 この発明にかかる還元再酸化型半導体コンデン
サ磁器組成物は酸化セリウム(CeO2)と酸化ジル
コニウム(Zro2)をキユリー点のシフターとして
主体的に用いたものであり、Nd2O3,La2O3など
をキユリー点のシフターとして用いた従来例にく
らべてキユリー点における誘電率が15000以上と
大きいこと、誘電率が15000以上であるにもかか
わらず結晶粒径が1.0〜1.5μm以下と小さくかつ
結晶粒の大きさが均一であること、焼結性がよく
磁器が緻密であること、還元再酸化が容易である
ことなど小形大容量の還元再酸化型半導体コンデ
ンサに要求される条件を十分に満足するものであ
る。 以下この発明を実施例にしたがつて詳細に説明
する。 試料の作成にあたつて第1表に示す組成比のも
のが得られるようにBaTiO3,CeO2,La2O3
ZrO2,MnCO3の各原料を秤量し、各秤量原料を
ポリポツトに投入し酢酸ビニルなどの有機バイン
ダとともに16時間混合した。混合したのち脱水乾
燥し、50メツシユの篩に通して整粒した。次いで
1000Kg/cm2の圧力で直径10mm、厚み0.5mmの円板
に成形し、空気中1300〜1360℃で焼成した。この
ようにして得た誘電体磁器を1000〜1200℃で2時
間還元性雰囲気中で熱処理して半導体磁器とし
た。この半導体磁器を850〜1000℃で2時間酸化
性雰囲気である空気中で熱処理を行ない、半導体
磁器の表面に薄い誘電体層を形成した。しかるの
ち半導体磁器の表面に銀ペーストを塗布し、700
〜850℃で30分間焼付けて電極を形成し、還元再
酸化型半導体コンデンサを得た。 このようにして作成したコンデンサについて、
磁器の平均結晶粒径、誘電率、単位面積当りの容
量〔C(μF/cm2)〕、誘電損失〔tanδ(%)〕、
絶縁抵抗〔IR(Ω)〕、破壊電圧〔Vb(V)〕を測
定し、その結果を第1表に合わせて示した。 なお、容量、誘電損失は0.1Vr.m.s,1KHzで測
定した値である。容量については還元温度、再酸
化温度によつて変化するため、還元後の磁器比抵
抗が一定となるように還元温度を設定するととも
に、再酸化温度を設定して面積容量を0.7μF/
cm2とし、他の電気特性にて評価するようにして比
較を容易にした。 絶縁抵抗は12VD.C.を1分間印加して測定し
た。 破壊電圧はD.C昇圧破壊方式を用いた。 誘電率は1.0Vr.m.s,1KHzで測定し、測定温度
は20℃を基準とした。 なお、第1表中※印を付したものはこの発明範
囲外のものであり、それ以外はこの発明範囲内の
ものである。
This invention relates to a barium titanate-based reduced and reoxidized semiconductor capacitor ceramic composition. Traditionally, semiconductor capacitors include grain boundary insulated types in which Cu, Bi, Mn, etc. are diffused in the grain boundaries of semiconductor porcelain, surface weir layer types that utilize the surface layer of semiconductor porcelain, and reduction and reoxidation types. something is known. Among these, grain boundary insulated semiconductor capacitors include BaTiO 3 -based and SrTiO 3 -based materials.
In recent years, the SrTiO 3 type, which has excellent temperature characteristics and bias characteristics, has become mainstream. In addition, this type of capacitor has other advantages such as little variation in characteristics even when the type of electrode changes, and excellent reliability. However, on the other hand, the disadvantages include that the process is complicated, which increases the cost, that the breakdown voltage is low, and that the area capacitance cannot be increased. In addition, surface weir layer type semiconductor capacitors can obtain a relatively large area capacitance, but the breakdown voltage and
Low insulation resistance limits the range of use. Furthermore, reduction and reoxidation semiconductor capacitors are made by heat-treating dielectric ceramic in a reducing atmosphere to make it a semiconductor.
It is then obtained by performing heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere to form a dielectric layer on the surface, and then providing electrodes. Therefore, the electrical characteristics of this type of capacitor, such as capacitance, insulation resistance, breakdown voltage, and capacitance temperature characteristics, are largely influenced by the state of formation of the dielectric layer. Many reduction-reoxidation semiconductor capacitors have been introduced in patent publications and literature, and have also been put into practical use, but in recent years there has been a strong demand for smaller capacitors with larger capacities.
There is a demand for materials with higher areal capacitance (0.7 μF/cm 2 or more). However, in order to increase the areal capacity, if the permittivity of the dielectric ceramics is the same, the reoxidation layer (dielectric layer) on the surface of the semiconductor ceramic must be thin, and conversely the breakdown voltage and insulation resistance This will lead to a decrease in In order to achieve a smaller size and larger capacity, it is necessary not only to have a large area capacitance but also to have a high breakdown voltage and insulation resistance, and for this purpose, the following conditions must be satisfied. The dielectric constant of dielectric porcelain is large. Porcelain is dense and the crystal grain size is uniform and small. High reduction and reoxidation rates. Conventionally, reduction and reoxidation semiconductor capacitors have
Composition systems in which Mn oxide is added to a solid solution such as BaTiO 3 -La 2 O 3 -TiO 2 system are known. However, when the crystal grain size of these compositions is small, the dielectric constant becomes as small as about 8,000 to 10,000. Also, the dielectric constant
If you try to make it more than 12,000, the crystal grain size will be larger than 3 μm, and the areal capacitance will be reduced to 0.7 μF/
When the temperature exceeds cm 2 , the breakdown voltage and insulation resistance are extremely reduced, making it impossible to put it to practical use. As a result of research on various barium titanate-based compositions, the inventor discovered a reduction-reoxidation type semiconductor capacitor that has a high dielectric constant, is dense in porcelain, has a finely uniform crystal grain size, and is easy to reduce and reoxidize. As a result, they were able to make capacitors smaller and larger in capacity. That is, the present invention uses main components including barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ), cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ), and zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ), with manganese oxide converted to Mn. 0.01~0.4
% by weight was added. This composition is processed and constructed as a semiconductor capacitor as follows. That is, the raw material composition is prepared and mixed, this mixture is molded and fired in an oxidizing atmosphere, then heat treated in a reducing atmosphere to produce semiconductor porcelain, and then heat treated in an oxidizing atmosphere to form a surface of the semiconductor porcelain. A semiconductor capacitor is constructed by forming a thin dielectric layer and adding electrodes to the surface. The reduced and reoxidized semiconductor capacitor ceramic composition according to the present invention mainly uses cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) and zirconium oxide (Zro 2 ) as shifters of the Curie point, and Nd 2 O 3 , La 2 O The dielectric constant at the Kyrie point is larger than 15,000 compared to conventional examples using 3 etc. as a shifter at the Kyrie point, and although the dielectric constant is 15,000 or more, the crystal grain size is small at 1.0 to 1.5 μm or less. We fully meet the requirements for small, large-capacity reduction-reoxidation type semiconductor capacitors, such as uniform crystal grain size, good sinterability, dense porcelain, and ease of reduction and reoxidation. It's satisfying. The present invention will be described in detail below using examples. When preparing samples, BaTiO 3 , CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 ,
Each raw material of ZrO 2 and MnCO 3 was weighed, and each weighed raw material was put into a polypot and mixed with an organic binder such as vinyl acetate for 16 hours. After mixing, the mixture was dehydrated and dried, and passed through a 50-mesh sieve to size the mixture. then
It was formed into a disk with a diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm under a pressure of 1000 Kg/cm 2 and fired at 1300 to 1360°C in air. The dielectric porcelain thus obtained was heat treated at 1000 to 1200°C for 2 hours in a reducing atmosphere to obtain semiconductor porcelain. This semiconductor porcelain was heat-treated at 850-1000°C for 2 hours in an oxidizing atmosphere in air to form a thin dielectric layer on the surface of the semiconductor porcelain. After that, silver paste was applied to the surface of the semiconductor porcelain, and 700
Electrodes were formed by baking at ~850°C for 30 minutes, and a reduced and reoxidized semiconductor capacitor was obtained. Regarding the capacitor created in this way,
Average grain size of porcelain, dielectric constant, capacitance per unit area [C (μF/cm 2 )], dielectric loss [tanδ (%)],
Insulation resistance [IR (Ω)] and breakdown voltage [Vb (V)] were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. Note that the capacitance and dielectric loss are values measured at 0.1Vr.ms and 1KHz. Since the capacity changes depending on the reduction temperature and reoxidation temperature, the reduction temperature is set so that the porcelain specific resistance after reduction is constant, and the reoxidation temperature is set to increase the areal capacity to 0.7μF/
cm 2 and evaluated using other electrical properties to facilitate comparison. Insulation resistance was measured by applying 12VD.C. for 1 minute. For the breakdown voltage, a DC boost breakdown method was used. The dielectric constant was measured at 1.0Vr.ms, 1KHz, and the measurement temperature was set at 20°C. In addition, those marked with * in Table 1 are outside the scope of this invention, and the others are within the scope of this invention.

【表】 第1表から明らかなように、この発明の還元再
酸化型半導体コンデンサ磁器組成物によれば、き
わめてすぐれた電気特性を有する半導体コンデン
サを提供することができる。すなわち、単位面積
当りの容量が0.7μF/cm2と大きいにもかかわら
ず、破壊電圧は400V以上、絶縁抵抗は1010Ω以
上、誘電損失は3.0%以下とすぐれた特性を示す
ものである。また破壊電圧値のバラツキも小さい
ことが確認された。 従来のBaTiO3―La2O3―TiO2系において、絶
縁抵抗が1010の特性のものを得ようとすれば、面
積容量は高々0.4〜0.5μF/cm2程度であり、また
破壊電圧も300Vぐらいであつたが、この発明に
よれば0.7μF/cm2の面積容量が得られるととも
に破壊電圧も400V以上のものが得られ、コンデ
ンサの小形大容量化、高耐圧化が図れる点で格段
にすぐれたものであると云える。 上記したようにこの発明においてすぐれた特性
が得られるのは、第1表から明らかなように、誘
電率が12000以上と大きいにもかかわらず、磁器
の平均結晶粒径が1.0〜1.5μmと均一で小さいこ
と、また、磁器の断面を鏡面研磨し、内部の空孔
量、分布を観察した結果、従来のものにくらべて
緻密な磁器であること、さらに還元および再酸化
が容易であること、などがその理由として挙げら
れる。 この発明において組成物の範囲を限定したのは
以下の理由による。 (1) CeO2が1.0モル%未満では、キユリー点の移
動がないため室温での誘電率が低くなり、また
焼結性が悪くなるため面積容量が0.7μF/cm2
と大きくなるとIR,Vbとも悪くなり、tanδも
悪くなる。またCeO2が6.0モル%を越えると誘
電率が低くなり、IR,Vbとも悪くなる。 (2) La2O3は焼結性改善のために効果があるが、
0.3モル%以上になると磁器の結晶粒径が大き
くなり、Vbが低下する。 (3) ZrO2が1.0モル%未満では焼結性が悪くな
り、tanδが大きくなるとともにVbが低下す
る。またZrO2が15.0モル%を越えると誘電率が
低下し、磁器の融着が起こる。 (4) BaTiO3の組成範囲はCeO2,La2O3,ZrO2
より決定されるが、この発明範囲外の試料(試
料番号1,4)からも明らかなように、いずれ
も誘電率が低く、IR,Vbが低くなる。 (5) 酸化マンガンの添加はIRの改善、Vbの向上
さらにtanδの改善に効果があるが、酸化マン
ガンがMnに換算して0.01重量%未満では添加
含有の効果がなく、0.4重量%を越えると磁器
の誘電率が低下し、面積容量を大きくするため
誘電体層を薄くするとIR,Vbとも低下する。 なお、この発明において、ZrO2の代わりに
TiO2を含有させたり、あるいはZrO2の一部を
TiO2で置換したものでも同様の効果を奏するこ
とが確認できた。また、La2O3の代わりに
Nd2O3,Pr2O3を含有させたり、あるいはLa2O3
の一部をNd2O3,Pr2O3のうち少なくとも1種で
置換したもので同様の効果を奏することが確認で
きた。 以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明によ
れば、、面積容量が従来になくきわめて大きいと
いう特徴を有しながら、絶縁抵抗、破壊電圧が高
いという特性を有するものであり、小形大容量の
コンデンサを提供することができるという効果を
有する。
[Table] As is clear from Table 1, the reduced and reoxidized semiconductor capacitor ceramic composition of the present invention can provide a semiconductor capacitor with extremely excellent electrical characteristics. That is, although the capacitance per unit area is as large as 0.7 μF/cm 2 , it exhibits excellent characteristics such as a breakdown voltage of 400 V or more, an insulation resistance of 10 10 Ω or more, and a dielectric loss of 3.0% or less. It was also confirmed that the variation in breakdown voltage values was small. In the conventional BaTiO 3 -La 2 O 3 -TiO 2 system, if we try to obtain a property with an insulation resistance of 10 10 , the areal capacitance is at most about 0.4 to 0.5 μF/cm 2 and the breakdown voltage is also low. However, according to this invention, it is possible to obtain an areal capacitance of 0.7 μF/cm 2 and a breakdown voltage of over 400 V, which is a significant improvement in the ability to make capacitors smaller, larger in capacity, and higher in voltage resistance. It can be said that it is excellent. As mentioned above, the excellent properties of this invention can be obtained because, as is clear from Table 1, the average crystal grain size of the porcelain is uniform at 1.0 to 1.5 μm, even though the dielectric constant is as large as 12,000 or more. In addition, as a result of mirror-polishing the cross section of the porcelain and observing the amount and distribution of pores inside, it was found that the porcelain is denser than conventional porcelain, and it is easy to reduce and reoxidize. Reasons include: The reason why the scope of the composition is limited in this invention is as follows. (1) If CeO 2 is less than 1.0 mol%, the dielectric constant at room temperature will be low because there is no movement of the Curie point, and the sinterability will be poor, resulting in an areal capacitance of 0.7 μF/cm 2
As the value increases, both IR and Vb become worse, and tanδ also becomes worse. Moreover, if CeO 2 exceeds 6.0 mol %, the dielectric constant becomes low and both IR and Vb deteriorate. (2) La 2 O 3 is effective for improving sinterability, but
If it exceeds 0.3 mol%, the crystal grain size of the porcelain will increase and Vb will decrease. (3) If ZrO 2 is less than 1.0 mol %, sinterability deteriorates, tan δ increases and Vb decreases. Moreover, when ZrO 2 exceeds 15.0 mol %, the dielectric constant decreases and fusion of porcelain occurs. (4) The composition range of BaTiO 3 is determined by CeO 2 , La 2 O 3 , and ZrO 2 , but as is clear from the samples outside the scope of this invention (sample numbers 1 and 4), all of them have a dielectric constant. Low, IR and Vb are low. (5) Addition of manganese oxide is effective in improving IR, Vb, and tanδ, but if manganese oxide is less than 0.01% by weight calculated as Mn, the addition has no effect, and if it exceeds 0.4% by weight The dielectric constant of the porcelain decreases, and when the dielectric layer is made thinner to increase the areal capacitance, both IR and Vb decrease. In addition, in this invention, instead of ZrO 2
Contains TiO 2 or a part of ZrO 2
It was confirmed that substitution with TiO 2 had similar effects. Also, instead of La 2 O 3
Contain Nd 2 O 3 , Pr 2 O 3 or La 2 O 3
It has been confirmed that a similar effect can be achieved by replacing a portion of Nd 2 O 3 with at least one of Pr 2 O 3 . As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the area capacitance is extremely large compared to the conventional one, and the insulation resistance and breakdown voltage are also high. This has the effect of providing a capacitor.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 チタン酸バリウム(BaTiO3)が78.7モル%を
越え、かつ98.0モル%未満 酸化セリウム(CeO2)が、1.0〜6.0モル% 酸化ランタン(La2O3)が 0.3モル%未満 酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)が1.0〜15.0モル% からなる主成分に、 酸化マンガンをMnに換算して0.01〜0.4重量%添
加含有してなる還元再酸化型半導体コンデンサ磁
器組成物。
[Claims] 1. Barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) is more than 78.7 mol % and less than 98.0 mol % Cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) is 1.0 to 6.0 mol % Lanthanum oxide (La 2 O 3 ) is 0.3 mol A reduction and reoxidation type semiconductor capacitor ceramic composition comprising a main component consisting of 1.0 to 15.0 mol % of zirconium oxide (ZrO 2 ) and an addition of 0.01 to 0.4 weight % of manganese oxide in terms of Mn.
JP58093097A 1983-05-25 1983-05-25 Reduced reoxidized semiconductor capacitor porcelain composition Granted JPS59217322A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58093097A JPS59217322A (en) 1983-05-25 1983-05-25 Reduced reoxidized semiconductor capacitor porcelain composition
US06/613,628 US4535064A (en) 1983-05-25 1984-05-24 Ceramic compositions for a reduction-reoxidation type semiconducting capacitor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58093097A JPS59217322A (en) 1983-05-25 1983-05-25 Reduced reoxidized semiconductor capacitor porcelain composition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59217322A JPS59217322A (en) 1984-12-07
JPS6258129B2 true JPS6258129B2 (en) 1987-12-04

Family

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JP58093097A Granted JPS59217322A (en) 1983-05-25 1983-05-25 Reduced reoxidized semiconductor capacitor porcelain composition

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59217322A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3506056B2 (en) * 1999-08-09 2004-03-15 株式会社村田製作所 MULTILAYER SEMICONDUCTOR CERAMIC ELEMENT HAVING POSITIVE RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING MULTILAYER SEMICONDUCTOR CERAMIC ELEMENT HAVING POSITIVE RESISTANCE TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59217322A (en) 1984-12-07

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