JPS6258424B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a forward/reverse belt transmission with a belt clutch suitable for use in drive devices for automobiles, motorcycles, transporters, agricultural machinery, etc.

Generally, in the case of an engine drive, the direction of rotation of the engine is constant, and a gearbox is required to move the car forward and backward, and when driving, it is necessary to switch between forward and reverse gears, which causes operational inconvenience. had.

Therefore, various studies have been conducted on other methods to replace such gear switching, and the configurations of various speed change pulleys have been studied, and some of them have been proposed by the applicants of the present invention. . The basic analogy is that a V-belt is held between a pair of V-shaped variable speed pulley pieces, and one or both pulley pieces are prevented from idling in the direction of rotation of the shaft by the pressing force of a spring on the side of the belt. A spline or keyway is formed in the thrust direction of the shaft so that one or both pulley pieces can move.

The present invention aims to improve the drawbacks of the conventional method of changing gears using such a speed change pulley, and provides a belt clutch method that allows the vehicle to be operated continuously in forward and backward motion without using gears. The purpose is to

Therefore, for this purpose, the present inventor first used the above-mentioned variable speed pulley as a basis for both the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and while the boss part of the movable V pulley piece of the driving pulley was rotating, the V groove width was changed by an external force. A movable V pulley piece is provided to be able to slide in the axial direction with respect to a boss part extending in the axial direction of a fixed V pulley piece fixed to the shaft as a drive side pulley. Pulley piece and movable V
A radial bearing is attached to the boss part of the fixed V-pulley piece at the bottom of the V-groove of the speed change pulley formed by the pulley piece, and a spring is inserted between the movable V-pulley and a stopper fixed to one side of the movable V-pulley. A pulley in which a clutch plate is provided on the boss part of the V pulley piece, and the V pulley having the clutch plate facing the clutch plate is fixed to the boss part extending in the axial direction of the fixed V pulley piece via a bearing. On the other hand, a fixed V pulley piece and a V pulley corresponding to the V pulley of the driving pulley are provided on the shaft as a driven pulley, and the fixed V
A movable V-pulley piece movable in the axial direction is provided opposite to the pulley piece, and the fixed V-pulley piece and the movable V-pulley piece form a variable speed pulley, and the movable V-pulley piece and a stopper fixed to one side of the pulley are provided. Using pulleys with springs inserted between them, the transmission pulleys are connected in parallel between the corresponding speed change pulleys and the V pulleys, and the V pulleys are connected crosswise. A belt forward/reverse transmission device has been proposed in which forward and reverse belt speeds can be changed by hanging a V belt and changing the width of the speed change pulley V groove of the driving pulley as appropriate using an external force or the like.

The present invention further partially improves the device proposed above, replaces the variable speed pulley of the driven pulley with a V pulley, and arranges an inner or outer tension pulley on the parallel belt to constantly apply tension to the belt. The present invention is characterized in that a tension is constantly applied to the belt in response to changes in the effective diameter of the belt of the speed change pulley on the driving side.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the device of the present invention will be described in detail in sequence based on the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 4 are schematic diagrams of the device of the present invention in various states; Figure 1 is when running at high speed, Figure 2 is when running at low speed, Figure 3 is when the clutch is off (OFF), and Figure 3 is when the clutch is off.
FIG. 4 shows the vehicle when running in reverse.

In each of these figures, A ₁ is the drive pulley, A ₂
is the driven pulley, and the driving pulley _A1 is the shaft 1
a variable speed pulley consisting of a fixed V-pulley piece 1 fixed to the fixed V-pulley piece 1; A V pulley 9 provided with at least one V groove fixed in the thrust direction to the boss portion 1a of the fixed V pulley piece 1 on the side of the speed change pulley.
On the other hand, the driven pulley _A2 is formed by a V fixed to the shaft 12'.
It is formed by comprising a pulley 13 and a V-pulley 14 located on the axial line of the V-pulley, on the side thereof, and also fixed to the shaft 12'.

A radial bearing ₃ such as a ball bearing or a flat bearing is installed at the bottom of the V groove formed by the fixed V pulley piece 1 and the movable V pulley piece 2 of the variable speed pulley in the driving pulley A1. A spring presser 2b is attached to the boss portion 1a of the movable V-pulley piece 2, and a stopper 10 is provided on the boss portion 1a on the side of the fixed V-pulley piece 1. A spring 6 is inserted between the two.

In this case, the stopper 10 is usually provided with a claw and has a structure capable of locking the spring 6, but it is also possible to lock the spring 6 by other means.

Furthermore, although the movable V-pulley piece 2 and the shaft or fixed V-pulley piece boss portion 1a are movable in the axial direction, in the rotational direction there is a gap between the movable V-pulley piece 2 and the spring retainer 2b provided on the side surface of the boss portion 2a. is prevented from rotating via a spring 6, or by a key and a spline.

Note that both ends of the spring 6 are not limited to the claws of the spring presser 2b and the stopper 10, but are made of an elastic body having a large frictional force between the respective contact parts, such as rubber,
It is also possible to use a polyurethane elastic material, resin, fiber-reinforced rubber matrix, etc. for locking.

Furthermore, it is also possible to employ a system in which the movable V-pulley piece 2 is freely movable in the thrust direction and rotational direction.

Further, as shown in the drawing, a bearing 4 is separately provided on the boss portion 2a of the movable V-pulley piece 2, and a grooved cylinder is provided on the outer periphery of the bearing 4 to apply an external force to the movable V-pulley piece 2. A body 8 is provided, and a clutch plate 5 that engages with a clutch plate 11 on the V-pulley 9 side, which will be described later, is provided at the extending end of the boss portion 2a.

Next, regarding the V-pulley 9 on the drive side, the pulley 9 is comprised of a pulley having at least one V-groove, and is shown in the figure as a V-pulley 9 having one V-groove. The V-pulley 9 is fixed in the thrust direction, that is, in the axial direction, to the boss portion 1a of the fixed V-pulley piece 1 through the ball bearing 7, and is fixed to the boss portion 2a of the movable V-pulley piece 2 through the ball bearing 7. It has a corresponding clutch plate 11 facing the clutch plate 5 of the bent portion, and is configured so that it can be engaged in reverse by moving the cylinder 8 by external force.

In addition, both the clutch plates 5, 1 provided oppositely to each other
1 may be a normal clutch structure, but it is possible to provide a member with high wear resistance and frictional force in one or both of them, if necessary.

On the other hand, with respect to the driving pulley A ₁ , the driven pulley A ₂ is a variable speed pulley consisting of a fixed V pulley piece 1 and a movable V pulley piece 2 of the driving pulley A ₁ ;
Two V pulleys, corresponding to each of V pulley 9,
That is, it is comprised of a V pulley 13 and a V pulley 14, and both of these V pulleys 13, 14 are fixed to a driven shaft or a shaft 12' that rotates integrally with the shaft.

However, the drive side pulley consisting of each of the above configurations
A ₁ and the driven pulley A ₂ are arranged so as to face each other, and at least one V belt B ₁ , B ₂ is provided between the corresponding speed change pulleys and V pulleys of both pulleys A ₁ and A ₂ , and between the V pulleys. The basic structure of the series of devices in the present invention is constructed by hanging and suspending the devices.

At this time, of both pulleys A ₁ and A ₂ , the belt B ₁ suspended between the speed change pulley and the V pulley 13 is a normal parallel belt, but the belt B ₂ suspended between the V pulleys 9 and 14 is This is a sash (a cross), which is one of the important features of the device of the present invention.

Note that the belt _B2 suspended between both V pulleys is at least one of the above-mentioned V pulleys including the multi-rib belt.
In addition to belts, flat belts, toothed belts, round belts, hexagonal belts, etc. can also be used as appropriate.
In this case, the V-pulleys 9 and 14 are pulleys that are compatible with these respective belts.

In addition, in the above series of devices of the present invention, when the cross-over reverse rotation belt B ₂ has a fixed center distance between the corresponding V-pulleys on the driving side and driven side, the belt's initial position may change due to changes in the dimensions of the belt over time. In order to absorb changes in tension, it is desirable to configure at least one of the V-pulleys on the drive side or driven side as, for example, a screw type pulley variable width type or a normal spring type variable speed pulley type; the former can be configured manually. Also, the latter can automatically adjust the belt tension and run maintenance-free.

Furthermore, in the case of cross-over belts, it is troublesome to install a tension pulley in the middle, and the belt abdomens may come into contact with each other at belt intersections, so an idler pulley or sliding plate may be provided as necessary. Avoiding direct friction between the belts is also a preferred design.

On the other hand, the belt B ₁ suspended between the variable speed pulley of the driving pulley A ₁ and the V-pulley 13 of the driven pulley A ₂ is a normal parallel belt as described above, and in the present invention, the main belt is Another invention
One feature is that a tension pulley 15 is provided. This tension pulley 15 is used to follow the change in the wrapping length of the V-belt B 1 as the effective pitch diameter of the V-belt B ₁ changes in accordance with the change in the groove width of the drive-side speed change pulley. ,
It is movably supported by a support member 16 such as an arm, and the support member such as the arm is always urged by a spring 17 so as to cause a tension pulley to apply tension to the belt _B1 .

The transmission of the present invention has the above configuration,
Next, the operation of the device will be further explained based on FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 shows the state at high speed, and the speed change pulley and V pulley of the driving pulley A ₁ and the driven pulley A ₂ are shown in FIG. Belt B ₁ between 13
However, with the belt B ₂ suspended between each V-pulley 9 and 14, the belt B 2 is passed through the grooved cylinder 8 on the bearing 4 provided on the movable V-pulley piece 2 of the drive-side pulley A ₁ . An external force is generated in the leftward direction on the movable V-pulley piece 2 to maximize the effective diameter of the belt _B1 .
At this time, a space exists between the opposing clutch plates 5 and 11, and power transmission is blocked. However, since the effective diameter of belt B ₁ is the maximum, the rotation of the driven shaft side through belt B ₁ becomes maximum.
At the same time, due to the V-belt B ₂ suspended between the V-pulleys 9 and 14 on the driving side and the driven side, the rotational force on the driven side crosses the V-pulley 9 of the driving-side pulley via the V-belt B ₂ . This causes the rotation of the drive shaft 12 to be transmitted in the opposite direction, and the bearing 7 provided between the V-pulley 9 and the shaft 12 causes the shaft 12 and the V-pulley 9 to rotate in the opposite direction.

However, at this time, the bearing 7 causes the V pulley 9 to
is idling.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the driven shaft is rotating at a low speed, and the effective diameter of the belt B ₁ on the speed change pulley of the driving pulley A ₁ is the smallest.

That is, with a gap between the abdomen of the belt B ₁ and the belt clutch bearing 3, and also with a gap between the clutch plate 5 and the clutch plate 11, This is a state in which the movable V-pulley piece 2 has been moved to the right in the figure from the position shown in FIG. 1 by an external force.

At this time, the speed of the driven side is lower than in the case of FIG. 1, but as described in FIG. 1, the V pulley 9 of the drive side pulley is idling in the direction opposite to the rotation of the drive shaft.

Next, in Figure 3, the belt clutch is OFF.
This shows the state of movable V of drive pulley _A1 .
When the position of the pulley piece is moved to the right side of the figure by an external force in the same manner as described above, and the V groove width of the drive side speed change pulley is widened,
Belt B ₁ sinks into the groove, and the belly of belt B ₁ rests on the belt clutch bearing 3, and the side of belt B ₁ and the fixed V pulley piece 1
When the movable V-pulley piece 2 has a gap on the side surface and there is also a space between the clutch plates 5 and 11, the drive pulley A ₁
The rotational force from is no longer transmitted to belt B ₁ ,
The rotational force of the belt _B1 becomes zero, no rotation is transmitted to the driven side, and the clutch becomes OFF.

Therefore, belt B ₂ for reverse rotation of driven pulley A ₂
The rotation will also stop.

Figure 4 shows a state in which the driven shaft is rotated in the opposite direction to the drive shaft, and the movable pulley piece 1 of the drive pulley is moved further to the right than the position shown in Figure 3 when the belt clutch is OFF. This is a state in which both clutch plates 5 and 11 are in contact with each other. At this time, the abdomen of the belt _B1 rises on the belt clutch bearing 3 on the speed change pulley of the driving pulley _A1 , and the belt stops because there is a gap between both pulley pieces. In this state, the rotational force is transmitted from the clutch plate 5 on one side of the movable V-pulley, which is integrated with the shaft with respect to the rotational direction, to the V-pulley 9 through the clutch plate 6, and the rotational force is transmitted to the V-pulley ₉ via the belt B2 in the rotational direction by the belt _B1 . can transmit rotational force to the driven side in the opposite direction.

In the above operation, the effective pitch diameter of the V-belt _B1 changes in response to the change in the groove width of the drive side speed change pulley, but the change in the winding length due to this change is reflected by the tension pulley attached to the arm 16. 15, so that tension is always applied to belt _B1 .
A repulsion elastic spring 17 is attached to follow the change in the effective diameter of the belt in the speed change pulley.

Thus, from the above action, the movable V of the driving pulley
By changing the position of the pulley piece 1 by an external force, for example, when the direction of rotation by the speed change pulley and belt B ₁ is set to move the car forward, and the direction of rotation by the V pulley and belt B ₂ is set to move the car backward, the movable V pulley piece is the most When it is on the left side, it is at high speed, and when it moves to the right from that position, the speed gradually decreases, and eventually the belt clutch turns OFF, and when it moves to the right from that position, it goes in reverse.

Therefore, when changing the position of the movable V-pulley piece of the drive pulley, for example, by operating a lever, the forward speed of the vehicle is changed in response to the continuous movement of the lever, and the belt clutch is turned OFF or the vehicle is moved backward. can be easily carried out.

As described above, the device of the present invention has a variable speed pulley, a V pulley, and two V pulleys on the drive side pulley and the driven side pulley.
A pulley is provided, and the V-groove width interval formed by the fixed V-pulley piece and the movable V-pulley piece in the variable speed pulley of the drive-side pulley is made variable. A clutch plate is provided opposite the bent part of the V-pulley, and the latter clutch plate uses a bearing to block shaft rotation.Furthermore, a driving pulley and a driven pulley are arranged facing each other, and the speed change pulley and the V pulley are parallel to each other. The belt is suspended between each V-pulley by a cross-over, and an inner or outer tension pulley is placed on the parallel belt between the variable speed pulley and the V-pulley to maintain tension on the belt at all times. Since it is loaded, simply by moving the movable V-pulley piece of the drive pulley in the axial direction by external force, high speed, low speed, clutch off, and reverse states can be easily achieved, and the speed when the vehicle moves forward can be easily achieved. It is possible to provide a reversible transmission device at a low cost by completely eliminating the need for a conventional gearbox, and to make the device compact and easy to operate, as well as by providing a tension pulley. It automatically follows changes in the effective diameter of the belt in the speed change pulley, and has the effect of absorbing changes in the winding length, and is applied to automobiles, motorcycles, agricultural machinery, etc. as a reversible transmission device. It can be extremely useful.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 to 4 are schematic cross-sectional views showing each half of the forward/reverse transmission of the present invention in each state;
The figure shows the state at high speed, FIG. 2 shows the state at low speed, FIG. 3 shows the state when the clutch is off, and FIG. 4 shows the state when reverse. A ₁ ... Drive side pulley, A ₂ ... Driven side pulley,
1... Fixed V pulley piece, 2... Movable V pulley piece,
3, 4, 7... Bearing, 5, 11... Clutch plate, 6, 17... Spring, 9, 13, 14
... V pulley, 12, 12' ... shaft, 15 ... tension pulley, 16 ... arm etc. support material,
B ₁ , B ₂ ...belt.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A movable V-pulley piece is provided so as to be slidable on a boss portion extending in the axial direction of a fixed V-pulley piece fixed to the shaft, and formed by both of these V-pulley pieces. A radial bearing is attached to the boss portion of the fixed V pulley piece at the bottom of the V groove of the variable speed pulley, and a spring is inserted between the movable V pulley piece and a stopper fixed to one side of the pulley. A clutch plate is provided on the boss portion of the pulley piece, and another V pulley is fixed via a bearing to the boss portion extending in the axial direction of the fixed V pulley piece, and the V pulley is opposed to the clutch plate. A pulley provided with a clutch plate is used as a driving pulley, and a V pulley corresponding to the variable speed pulley of the driving pulley and a V pulley corresponding to the V pulley of the driving pulley are installed on the shaft as a driven pulley, and the above driving pulley is The V-belts are suspended between the corresponding speed change pulleys and V pulleys of the driven pulleys, and between the V pulleys of each other, with the speed change pulleys and V pulleys hanging parallel to each other, and the V pulleys side hanging across each other. A tension pulley for inner or outer lining is supported and disposed on the V-belt suspended between the variable speed pulley and the corresponding V-pulley of the driven pulley by an arm or the like that is biased to apply tension to the belt. A belt forward/reverse transmission device characterized by: 2. The belt forward/reverse transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the movable V-pulley piece of the drive pulley is movable in the axial direction and is prevented from rotating in the rotational direction. 3. The belt forward/reverse transmission device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross belt pulley has a variable groove width on at least one of the driving side and the driven side.