JPS6258425B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a forward/reverse belt transmission with a belt clutch suitable for use in drive devices for automobiles, motorcycles, transporters, agricultural machinery, etc.

Generally, in the case of an engine drive, the direction of rotation of the engine is constant, and a gearbox is required to move the car forward and backward, and when driving, it is necessary to switch between forward and reverse gears, which causes operational inconvenience. had.

Therefore, various studies have been conducted on other methods to replace such gear switching, and the configurations of various speed change pulleys have been studied, and some of them have been proposed by the applicants of the present invention. . For example, the basic method is to sandwich a V-belt between a pair of V-shaped variable speed pulley pieces, and use the pressing force of a spring against the side of the belt to prevent one or both pulley pieces from idling in the direction of rotation of the shaft. A spline or keyway is formed in the thrust direction so that one or both pulley pieces can move.

The present invention aims to improve the drawbacks of the conventional method of changing gears using such a speed change pulley, and provides a belt clutch method that allows the vehicle to be continuously operated forward and backward without using gears. The purpose is to

Therefore, for this purpose, the present inventor first used the above-mentioned variable speed pulley as a basis for both the driving pulley and the driven pulley, and while the boss part of the movable V pulley piece of the driving pulley was rotating, the V groove width was changed by an external force. A movable V pulley piece is provided to be able to slide in the axial direction with respect to a boss part extending in the axial direction of a fixed V pulley piece fixed to the shaft as a drive side pulley. Pulley piece and movable V
A radial bearing is attached to the boss part of the fixed V-pulley piece at the bottom of the V-groove of the speed change pulley formed by the pulley piece, and a spring is inserted between the movable V-pulley and a stopper fixed to one side of the movable V-pulley. A pulley in which a clutch plate is provided on the boss part of the V pulley piece, and the V pulley having the clutch plate facing the clutch plate is fixed to the boss part extending in the axial direction of the fixed V pulley piece via a bearing. On the other hand, a fixed V pulley piece and a V pulley corresponding to the V pulley of the driving pulley are provided on the shaft as a driven pulley, and the fixed V
A movable V-pulley piece movable in the axial direction is provided opposite to the pulley piece, and the fixed V-pulley piece and the movable V-pulley piece form a variable speed pulley, and the movable V-pulley piece and a stopper fixed to one side of the pulley are provided. Using pulleys with springs inserted between them, the transmission pulleys are connected in parallel between the corresponding speed change pulleys and the V pulleys, and the V pulleys are connected crosswise. A configuration in which forward and reverse belt speeds can be changed by hanging a V-belt and changing the V-groove width of the speed-changing pulley on the drive-side pulley as appropriate using an external force, and by partially improving the above-mentioned proposed device, The speed change pulley is replaced with a V pulley, and an inner or outer tension pulley is placed on the parallel belt to constantly apply tension to the belt. We have proposed a belt forward/reverse transmission configured to act on the following.

The present invention further provides a series of the above-mentioned devices,
The objective is to provide other means suitable for automatically following changes in the belt effective diameter of the speed change pulley width and absorbing changes in the winding length, and for each of the V-pulley of the driven pulley and the V-pulley for reverse rotation. The purpose of this invention is to improve the contact pressure means of the roller provided on the shaft.

That is, the present invention improves the contact pressure means on the driven pulley side in the belt forward/reverse transmission according to the above proposal, and provides pressure means extending between the V pulley of the driven pulley and the V pulley for reverse rotation, respectively. and a stepped roll portion is formed on the V-pulley, and an arm is provided on the shaft of the V-pulley via a bearing, and the arm is provided with a position fixing fitting provided between the two pulleys of the driven pulley. The intermediate shaft is further provided with an arm having the shaft as a fulcrum, and the shaft of the V-pulley for reverse rotation is inserted into the center of the arm via a bearing, and the shaft extension end is engaged with the intermediate shaft. The shaft is resiliently supported by a spring, and the roller provided at the extending end of the shaft is brought into elastic contact with the stepped roll portion of the V-pulley, so that pressure can be applied.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the device of the present invention will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 to 5 are schematic diagrams of the device of the present invention in various states; Figure 1 is when running at high speed, Figures 2 and 3 are when running at low speed, and Figure 4 is when the clutch is off (OFF). FIG. 5 shows the vehicle when running in reverse.

In each of these figures, A ₁ is the drive pulley, A ₂
is the driven pulley, and the driving pulley A ₁ is the shaft S ₁
A variable speed pulley consisting of a fixed V-pulley piece 1 fixed to a fixed V-pulley piece 1, a movable V-pulley piece 2 provided so as to be slidable in the axial direction with respect to a boss portion 1a extending in the axial direction of the fixed V-pulley piece 1; A V pulley 7 for reverse rotation is provided with at least one V groove fixed to the boss portion 1a of the fixed V pulley piece 1 in the thrust direction on the side of the speed change pulley. On the other hand, driven pulley A ₂ is connected to the shaft
It is formed by comprising a V-pulley 20 fixed to S ₂ and a reverse rotation V-pulley 21 fixed to a shaft 23 on the side of the V-pulley.

A radial bearing 6 such as a ball bearing or a flat bearing is attached to the fixed V pulley piece ₁ at the bottom of the V groove formed by the fixed V pulley piece 1 and the movable V pulley piece 2 of the speed change pulley in the driving pulley A1. A spring presser 2b is attached to the boss portion 1a of the movable V-pulley piece 2, and a stopper 9 is provided on the boss portion 1a on the side of the fixed V-pulley piece 1. A spring 11 is inserted between the two.

In this case, the stopper 9 is usually provided with a claw and has a structure capable of locking the spring 11, but it is also possible to lock the spring 11 by other means.

Furthermore, although the movable V-pulley piece 2 and the shaft or fixed V-pulley piece boss portion 1a are movable in the axial direction, in the rotational direction there is a gap between the movable V-pulley piece 2 and the spring retainer 2b provided on the side surface of the boss portion 2a. Spring 11
Rotation is prevented through a key or a key and a spline.

Note that both ends of the spring 11 are not limited to the claws of the spring presser 2b and the stopper 9, but are made of an elastic body having a large frictional force between the respective contact parts, such as rubber,
It is also possible to use a polyurethane elastic material, resin, fiber-reinforced rubber matrix, etc. for locking.

Furthermore, it is also possible to employ a system in which the movable V-pulley piece 2 is freely movable in the thrust direction and rotational direction.

Further, as shown in the figure, a bearing 5 is separately provided on the boss portion 2a of the movable V-pulley piece 2, and a grooved cylinder is provided on the outer periphery of the bearing 5 to apply an external force to the movable V-pulley piece 2. A clutch plate 4 is provided at the extending end of the boss portion 2a to engage with a clutch plate 10 on the side of the V-pulley 7 for reverse rotation, which will be described later.

Next is the V-pulley 7 for reverse rotation on the driving side, which is comprised of a pulley having at least one V-groove, and is shown in the figure as a V-pulley 7 having one V-groove. The V-pulley 7 is fixed in the thrust direction, that is, the axial direction, to the boss portion 1a of the fixed V-pulley piece 1 through a ball bearing 8, and the movable V-pulley piece 2
A clutch plate 10 is provided at the extending bent part of the V pulley 6 to face the clutch plate 4 of the bent part provided on the boss part 2a of , are configured to engage with each other.

In addition, both the clutch plates 4, 1 provided oppositely to each other
0 may be a normal clutch structure, but it is also possible to provide a member with high wear resistance and frictional force in one or both of them as necessary.

On the other hand, with respect to the driving pulley A ₁ , the driven pulley A ₂ is a variable speed pulley consisting of a fixed V pulley piece 1 and a movable V pulley piece 2 of the driving pulley A ₁ ;
2 corresponding to the V pulley 7 for reverse rotation.
It is configured with two V pulleys, that is, a V pulley 20 and a reverse rotation V pulley 21, and both of these V pulleys 20 and 21 are connected to each shaft described later.
It is attached to S ₂ and 23.

The shaft is extended in the axial direction of the V-pulley 20 on the side corresponding to the speed change pulley of the driven pulley.
An arm 26 is provided on the shaft _{S 2 via} a bearing 28, and the other end has a bearing portion and an intermediate shaft 22, and the intermediate shaft 22 fixes the position of the intermediate shaft 22 from the outside. Position fixing bracket 27
On the other hand, a bearing for an arm 25 with the intermediate shaft 22 as a fulcrum is provided, and a reverse rotation V is provided at the other end of the arm 25 via a bearing 29.
A rotating shaft 23 of the pulley 21 is inserted through the shaft, and the V-pulley 21 and rotating roller 24 are integrally connected to the shaft.
is provided.

In addition, the intermediate shaft 2 including each of the arms 25 and 26 mentioned above
2 is usually both V-pulleys 20 and 21 of the driven pulley.
The tip of the rotating shaft 23 is elastically supported by a spring 30, and the rotating roller 24 attached to this part is extended to the end of the V-pulley 20 on the side corresponding to the speed change pulley. It is in elastic contact with the stepped roll portion 31 and can be pressed against it.

Therefore, the drive pulley A ₁ and the driven pulley A ₂ having the above configurations are arranged to face each other, and the variable speed pulley and V pulley of both pulleys A ₁ and A ₂ correspond to each other. At least one V-belt B ₁ , B ₂ is stretched and suspended between the V-pulleys for reverse rotation, thereby configuring the basic structure of the series of devices in the present invention.

At this time, the belt B ₁ that is hung between the speed change pulley and the V pulley 20 in both pulleys A ₁ and A ₂ and between both the reverse rotation V pulleys 7 and 21 is normally hung in parallel, but between these two V pulleys In addition to the at least one V-belt including the multi-ribbed belt, flat belts, toothed belts, round belts, hexagonal belts, etc. can also be used as appropriate for the belts B ₁ and B ₂ hung on the belts. In this case, each of the V-pulleys is a pulley that is compatible with each of the belts.

In addition, in the above series of devices of the present invention, the reverse rotation belt B ₂ is connected to the corresponding driving side and driven side V.
When the center distance between the pulleys is fixed, the initial tension of the belt changes due to changes in belt dimensions over time. To absorb this, at least one of the V-pulleys on the driving side or the driven side is set to a threaded pulley width, for example. It is also desirable to configure it as a variable type or a normal spring-type speed change pulley type, and the former allows maintenance-free running by adjusting the belt tension manually and the latter automatically.

Furthermore, a belt is suspended between the speed change pulley of the driving pulley A ₁ and the V pulley 20 of the driven pulley A ₂ and between both reverse rotation V pulleys 7 and 21.
As mentioned above, B ₂ is usually parallel, and tension pulleys T ₁ and T ₂ are provided between both pulleys. This tension pulley T ₁ , T ₂
The V-belt is adjusted according to the change in the groove width of the driving pulley.
As the effective pitch diameters of B ₁ and B ₂ change, the winding length changes accordingly, and is usually movably supported by a support member such as an arm (not shown). The supporting members such as the arms are always biased by a spring so that the tension pulley applies tension to the belt _B1 , and external force is applied via the variable groove width cylinder 3 of the drive pulley _A1 . The tension pulley _T1 acts in response to a change in the effective pitch diameter of the belt _B1 caused by moving the movable V-pulley piece 2, and always applies a constant tension to the belt.

On the other hand, the tension pulley T ₂ is attached to the intermediate shaft 22
When the tension pulley T ₂ is pressed against the belt B ₂ which is suspended between the V pulley 21 which is movable with the axis of the drive pulley as a fulcrum and the V pulley 7 of the drive side The rotary roller 24, which is movable against the elastic repulsive force of the V-pulley 20 and is integrated with the shaft 23, is brought into contact with the stepped roller 31 of the V-pulley 20, and the transmission force transmitted via the V-pulley 21 is transferred to the shaft. 23, rotating roller 24
It is designed to be transmitted to shaft S ₂ via. Note that at this time, the rotation direction of the shaft S ₂ is opposite to the rotation direction of the drive shaft S ₁ on the driving side.

The transmission of the present invention has the above configuration,
Next, the operation of the device will be further explained based on FIGS. 1 to 5. In FIGS. 1 to 3, the rotating direction of the shaft _S2 on the driven side is the positive direction, and in FIG. Indicates the condition of the drive pulley.
A ₁ and driven pulley A ₂ variable speed pulley and V pulley 2
With the belt B ₁ suspended between the two V-pulleys 7 and 21, and the belt B ₂ suspended between the two V-pulleys 7 and 21, the groove on the bearing 5 provided on the movable V-pulley piece 2 of the driving pulley A ₁ An external force is generated in the leftward direction on the movable V-pulley piece 2 through the cylinder 3, thereby maximizing the effective diameter of the belt _B1 .

Fig. 2 shows a state in which the effective diameter of the belt _B1 is at an intermediate position, indicating a medium speed state, and Fig. 3 shows a state in which the driven shaft is rotating at a low speed, and the drive side pulley _A1
The effective diameter of belt B ₁ on the speed change pulley at is the smallest.

That is, with a gap between the abdomen of the belt B ₁ and the belt clutch bearing 6, and also with a gap between the clutch plate 4 and the clutch plate 10, This is a state in which the movable V-pulley piece 2 has been moved to the right in the figure from the position shown in FIG. 1 by an external force.

1 to 3 are a clutch plate 4 integrated with the movable pulley piece 2, and a clutch plate 1 integrated with the V-pulley 7.
For example, there is a space between the drive shaft S1 and a member with a large friction coefficient, and the rotational force from the drive shaft _S1 is transferred to the V pulley 7.
It is blocked by a bearing 8 provided at the bottom.

Next, in Figure 4, the belt clutch is OFF.
This shows the state of movable V of drive pulley _A1 .
When the position of the pulley piece is moved to the right side of the figure by an external force in the same manner as described above, and the V groove width of the drive side speed change pulley is widened,
Belt B ₁ sinks into the groove, with the belly of belt B ₁ resting on the belt clutch bearing 5, and the side of belt B ₁ and the fixed V pulley piece 1.
When there is a gap on the side surface of the movable V-pulley piece 2 and there is also a space between the clutch plates 4 and 10, the drive pulley A ₁
The rotational force from is no longer transmitted to belt B ₁ ,
The rotational force of the belt _B1 becomes zero, no rotation is transmitted to the driven side, and the clutch becomes OFF.

Note that the driven pulley has a rotating roller 24 that is integrated with the V-pulley 21 via the shaft 23 as a common point in FIGS. 1 to 4 above.
There is a gap between the stepped roller portion 31 of the V pulley 20 and the spring 30 and the tension pulley _T2 , and the rotation of the shaft _S2 is caused by the V
The signal is not transmitted to the pulley 21.

On the other hand, FIG. 5 shows a state in which the driven pulley is rotated in the opposite direction to that of the driving pulley, which is the most important point in the present invention. In other words, the drive side pulley
When the movable V-pulley piece 1 of _A1 is moved further to the right from the position when the belt clutch _is OFF in FIG. In this case, the abdomen of belt B ₁ is the bearing 6 for belt clutch.
The belt stops because it rides up and there is a gap between it and both pulley pieces. In this state, the rotational force is transmitted from the clutch plate 4 on one side of the movable V-pulley, which is integral with the shaft _S1 in the rotational direction, to the V-pulley 7 through the clutch plate 10, and the rotation is transmitted to the V-pulley ₇ via the belt B2. 21.

However, there is a gap between the rotary roller 24 integrated with the V-pulley 21 and the stepped roller portion 31 of the V-pulley 20, and power is not transmitted thereto. Therefore, when tension is applied to the belt B ₂ by the tension pulley T ₂ , the tension pulls the roller 24 against the repulsive force of the spring 30 to the stepped roller portion 31 of the V-pulley 20 .
The rotation of the driven shaft _S2 can be transmitted in the opposite direction to the drive shaft _S1 by applying pressure to the driven shaft S2.

Thus, by changing the position of the movable V-pulley piece of the driving pulley by an external force, the rotation of the driven shaft can be accelerated or decelerated in the positive direction while the driving shaft _S1 is continuously rotating, and the clutch-off can be reversed. Each operation can be performed.

It should be noted here that the belt
In order to avoid simultaneous operation of belt B ₁ and belt B ₂ , the actuation of movable pulley piece 2 by an external force and the reverse operation of tension pulley T ₂ are linked, so that only one of them is in operation at all times. It is preferable to

As described above, the device of the present invention is provided with a variable speed pulley, a V pulley, and two V pulleys as a driving pulley and a driven pulley, and is formed by a fixed V pulley piece and a movable V pulley piece in the variable speed pulley of the driving pulley. In addition, a clutch plate is provided opposite the boss portion of the movable V-pulley piece of the drive-side pulley and the bent portion of the V-pulley, and the latter clutch plate is configured to block shaft rotation by a bearing. Furthermore, the driving pulley and the driven pulley are arranged facing each other, a belt is hung between the corresponding pulleys, and an inner or outer tension pulley is arranged on these belts, so that tension is constantly applied to the belt. is loaded and the V of the driven pulley is
It is designed so that the roller and stepped roller part are brought into contact with each other via an arm by movement using an intermediate shaft between the pulley and the reverse rotation pulley as a fulcrum that can be fixed in position by external force, so it is simply driven. By simply moving the movable V-pulley piece of the side pulley in the axial direction by external force, each state of high speed, low speed, clutch off, and reverse can be easily achieved, making it possible to change the speed when the vehicle is moving forward, as well as to move backward. It is possible to provide a reversible transmission device at a low cost without the need for a conventional gearbox at all, and the device is made compact and has better operability, and is equipped with a contact pressure means that uses a tension pulley and an intermediate shaft as a fulcrum. As a result, it can be used as a reversible transmission device for automobiles, which has the effect of automatically following changes in the effective diameter of the belt in the speed change pulley and absorbing changes in the winding length, making it even easier to use. It can be extremely useful in applications such as motorcycles and agricultural machinery.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 are schematic cross-sectional views of the forward/reverse transmission of the present invention in various states, and FIG.
FIG. 2 shows the state at medium speed, FIG. 3 shows the state at low speed, FIG. 4 shows the state when the clutch is off, and FIG. 5 shows the state during reverse. A ₁ ... Drive side pulley, A ₂ ... Driven side pulley,
1... Fixed V pulley piece, 2... Movable V pulley piece,
4,10...Clutch plate, 5,6,8...Bearing, 7,20,21...V pulley, 11,30
... Spring, B ₁ , B ₂ ... Belt, S ₁ ... Drive shaft, S ₂ , 23 ... Driven shaft, T ₁ , T ₂ ...
...Tension pulley.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A movable V-pulley piece is provided so as to be slidable on a boss portion extending in the axial direction of the fixed V-pulley piece fixed to the shaft, and the fixed V-pulley piece and the movable V-pulley piece are provided. A radial bearing is attached to the boss portion of the fixed V-pulley piece at the bottom of the V groove of the speed change pulley formed by the pulley piece, and a radial bearing is provided between the movable V-pulley piece and a stopper fixed to one side of the pulley. A spring is inserted therein, and a clutch plate is provided on the boss portion of the movable V pulley piece, while a reverse rotation V is provided on the boss portion extending in the axial direction of the fixed V pulley piece.
A pulley fixed via a bearing and provided with a clutch plate facing the clutch plate is defined as a drive-side pulley, and a V-pulley corresponding to the speed change pulley of the drive-side pulley and a drive-side pulley are attached to the shaft. V-pulleys for reverse rotation corresponding to the V-pulleys for reverse rotation of the pulley are provided respectively as driven pulleys, and the V-pulleys for reverse rotation are provided between the corresponding speed change pulleys and the V-pulleys of these drive-side pulleys and driven-side pulleys, and between the V-pulleys for reverse rotation. A V-belt is suspended between each of the V-belts, and an inner or outer tension pulley is disposed between each of the V-belts suspended between the corresponding pulleys of the drive-side pulley and the driven-side pulley. In the device, the V-pulley 20 of the driven pulley and the V-pulley 21 for reverse rotation are each provided with shafts S ₂ and 23 extending between them, and the V-pulley 2
0 to form a stepped roll portion 31, and the V
An arm 26 is provided on the shaft S ₂ of the pulley 20 via a bearing 28, and the arm is engaged with an intermediate shaft 22 with a position fixing fitting provided between the two pulleys of the driven pulley. Further, an arm 25 having the shaft as a fulcrum is provided, and a bearing 29 is attached to the arm.
The shaft 23 of the V-pulley 21 for reverse rotation is inserted through the shaft 23, and the extending end of the shaft 23 is elastically supported by a spring 30. A belt forward/reverse transmission characterized by being brought into elastic contact with a portion 31. 2. The belt forward/reverse transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the movable V-pulley piece of the drive pulley is movable in the axial direction and is prevented from rotating in the rotational direction. 3. The belt forward/reverse transmission device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reverse rotation pulley has a variable groove width on at least one of the driving side and the driven side.