JPS6261303B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel compound feed for fish farming, particularly to a compound feed for fish farming that has excellent shape retention when fed in the form of a paste. Conventionally, such compound feed for fish farming has been produced by adding nutritional ingredients such as fishmeal, fat, minerals, vitamins, etc. as the main ingredient, and wheat gluten or pregelatinized starch as a binder. There is. However, when feed using wheat gluten as a binder is mixed with water to make dough,
It took a long time to form the dough, and the strong adhesion caused poor workability. Furthermore, the bait prepared in this manner disintegrates and disperses when added to water, resulting in insufficient feeding and the disintegrated feed components contaminate water. In addition, in recent years, a method has been devised in which wheat gluten is mixed with polyacrylate as a binder (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 16393/1983), but this method also leaves wheat gluten in an acidic state. The manufacturing process is complicated because a specified amount of polyacrylate must be added, and it is undesirable to add additives that do not essentially provide nutrients to the fish.
It's not always satisfying. In addition, feed using pregelatinized starch as a binder is coastal meal,
When fish meal such as Peruvian meal or raw fish is used as a compounding ingredient, the pregelatinized starch deteriorates significantly, and if left untreated, the cohesive strength rapidly decreases and the product becomes sticky and loses its elasticity. When poured into water, phenomena such as disintegration and scattering were observed, which was not desirable. Therefore, as a result of various studies to overcome these drawbacks, the present inventor has developed a processed wheat gluten obtained by treating wheat gluten with an acid or an alkali, which exhibits specific properties in mixography. It has been discovered that by adding and blending as a binder, it is possible to obtain a dough with good shape retention and a hardness suitable for feeding by fish, without adding undesirable additives such as those mentioned above, The invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides treated wheat gluten obtained by treating wheat gluten with an acid or alkali, and when the powdered wheat gluten is subjected to mixography with 1.5 times the amount of water added, the resistance value is the same as that at the start of the test. peaks between 20 seconds and 2 minutes,
This is a compound feed for fish farming that contains processed wheat gluten as a binder, giving a mixogram that gradually decreases thereafter. The compound feed for fish farming of the present invention has fishmeal as its main component, and contains nutritional components such as fat, minerals, and vitamins. The mixogram of treated wheat gluten that can be used as a binder in the present invention is determined by the following method. That is, using a mixograph manufactured by National Industries, Inc. in the United States, a predetermined amount of powdered processed wheat gluten and water were placed in the mixer, and the stirring speed was set at 85~85.
Stir at 90 rpm for about 20 minutes and measure the water absorption characteristics at that time. Processed wheat gluten whose mixogram showing water absorption characteristics falls within the above range can be used as a binder in the present invention, and other wheat glutens are
It is not preferred because it has disadvantages such as low caking property and long dough forming time. Processed wheat gluten exhibiting such characteristics is produced, for example, by dispersing raw gluten separated from strong wheat flour in an acid or alkaline aqueous solution, neutralizing it if necessary, and then spray-drying the resulting solution. The pH of the acidic aqueous solution is preferably in the range of 2 to 5, and the pH of the alkaline aqueous solution is preferably in the range of 8 to 12. Examples of acids used in this case include citric acid, fumaric acid, glutamic acid, and acetic acid. Examples of the alkali include sodium hydroxide and ammonia, with ammonia being particularly preferred.
It is preferable that this treated wheat gluten is usually added in an amount of 5 to 20% to the raw material for fish feed. The thus obtained compound feed for fish farming exhibits excellent effects, especially when used as a compound feed for eel farming. In other words, as shown in the experimental examples below, when producing dough, the dough comes together in a short time after mixing, making it easy to work with.Moreover, the resulting dough has appropriate elasticity and softness, and is easy to disintegrate. It has various advantages such as high feeding efficiency for fish because it does not disperse, and there is no fear of contamination of fish ponds due to feed disintegration. Examples, comparative examples, and experimental examples will be further described below. Example 1 3 kg of strong raw wheat gluten was dispersed in 10 g of ammonia aqueous solution of pH 9.5, and then this solution was supplied to a spray dryer at an intake temperature of 220°C and an exhaust air temperature of 125°C. 20 g of the obtained powdered ammonia-treated gluten and 30 ml of water were fed to a mixograph (manufactured by Nacional Kogyo Co., Ltd.), and the mixer rotation speed was set at 85.
Operate for 20 minutes at ~90 rpm and torque 12 scale. The resulting mixogram is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the powdered ammonia-treated gluten showed a maximum resistance value 30 seconds after the start of the test, and the resistance value gradually decreased thereafter, so it can be said that it is suitable as a mixed feed for fish farming. 120 g of the powdered ammonia-treated gluten is added to 700 g of North Sea white fish meal, 40 g of pregelatinized potato starch, 40 g of brewer's yeast, and 100 g of vitamins, minerals, etc., and mixed to obtain a compound feed for eel farming. Example 2 3 kg of strong raw wheat gluten in 8% acetic acid aqueous solution
10 and spray-dried according to the method of Example 1. The resulting powdered acetic acid-treated gluten was tested by mixograph according to the method of Example 1. The resulting mixogram is shown in FIG. From FIG. 2, it can be said that the powdered acetic acid-treated gluten is suitable as a mixed feed for fish farming because it shows a mixogram in which the resistance value reaches its maximum value 60 seconds after the start of the test and the resistance value gradually decreases thereafter. Example 1: 120 g of the powdered acetic acid-treated gluten
In addition to the same compounded feed ingredients, mix to obtain compounded feed for eel farming. Comparative example 1 3 kg of strong raw wheat gluten was dried in a hot air dryer at medium temperature.
Dry at 90℃ and then crush. The obtained powdered gluten was tested by mixograph according to the method of Example 1. The resulting mixogram is shown in FIG. From FIG. 3, it was determined that the powdered gluten was wheat gluten that was not suitable for mixed feed for fish farming because the mixogram characteristics of the present invention were outside the above range. Example 1 except that 120 g of the powdered gluten was replaced with the powdered ammonia-treated gluten of Example 1.
Compound feed for fish farming is obtained in the same manner as above. Comparative Example 2 Weak raw wheat gluten is dispersed and dried according to the method of Example 1 to obtain powdered gluten. This powdered gluten was tested by mixograph according to the method of Example 1. The resulting mixogram is shown in FIG. From FIG. 4, it was determined that the powdered gluten was wheat gluten that was not suitable for mixed feed for fish farming because the mixogram characteristics of the present invention were outside the above range. Example 1 except that 120 g of the powdered gluten was replaced with the powdered ammonia-treated gluten of Example 1.
Compound feed for fish farming is obtained in the same manner as above. Experimental Example 1 100 g of each of the mixed feeds for fish farming obtained in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and 100 g of water for each were placed in a vertical dough mixer and kneaded. The conditions during the production of various baits and the conditions of the obtained baits were evaluated according to the following methods. The results are shown in the table. Evaluation method (1) Dough forming time: The time from the start of kneading the feed and water until the dough comes together. (2) Adhesion: Observation of the adhesion of the bait obtained by mixing feed and water to hands. (Evaluation criteria) ◎: No adhesion at all ○: Almost no adhesion ×: Adhesion (3) Feel: The elasticity and softness of the bait was observed when it was touched by hand. (Evaluation criteria) 〇: Elastic and soft △: Soft but loose. ×: Hard and crumbly. (4) White turbidity: The above mixed bait was placed in a beaker filled with water, and the state of the water was observed after 30 minutes had elapsed. (Evaluation criteria) +: Cloudy -: No cloudy [Table]

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the ammonia-treated wheat gluten prepared in Example 1, Figure 2 shows the acetic acid-treated wheat gluten prepared in Example 2, Figure 3 shows the wheat gluten prepared in Comparative Example 1, and Figure 4 shows Comparative Example 2. The mixograms of each wheat gluten prepared in are shown.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Treated wheat gluten obtained by treating wheat gluten with acid or alkali, which has a resistance value when the powdered treated wheat gluten is subjected to mixography with 1.5 times the amount of water added. A compound feed for fish farming containing processed wheat gluten as a binder, which gives a mixogram that reaches its maximum between 20 seconds and 2 minutes after the start of the test and then gradually decreases. 2. The mixed feed for fish farming according to claim 1, wherein the wheat gluten is obtained from strong wheat flour.