JPS6316555B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an excavator used for forming an excavation hole underground, injecting cement mortar into an excavation hole, and the like.

Conventionally, in this type of excavator, it has been customary to directly connect an auger such as a screw to an auger machine installed on a leader so that it can be raised and lowered, so the depth of the borehole that can be excavated by the excavator is limited. The maximum limit is determined by the maximum lifting stroke of the auger machine, so when digging deep boreholes,
A leader with a height commensurate with the depth was needed. However, since the auger machine itself, which contains an electric motor, reducer, and other various parts, is quite heavy, if the auger machine is placed at the top of the tall leader in the early stages of excavation, the center of gravity of the excavator will be There was a problem in that the machine was set at a high position, forcing work to be carried out in an unstable condition.

An excavator designed to solve the above problems is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-46404. This includes a shaft member with an auger connected to its tip, a drive device for rotationally driving the shaft member, which is slidably mounted on the shaft member, and a leader that supports this drive device so that it can be raised and lowered. A chuck device is provided to integrally connect the drive device to the member, so that the drive device can be positioned at a low position where there is little danger. However, according to this conventional device, the drive device is composed of a main drive shaft that is movable up and down with respect to the shaft member and is fitted onto the outside of the shaft member so as to rotate freely, and a motor that rotates the main drive shaft via a transmission mechanism. Since the chuck device is composed of a main drive shaft and a wedge (penetration wedge and extraction wedge) arranged between the shaft member and operated by a fluid pressure cylinder, the rotational force of the motor of the drive device is Transmission is transmitted from the main drive shaft to the shaft member through the wedge of the chuck device. Therefore, in order to rotate the shaft member when inserting and withdrawing the shaft member, the chuck device must be operated to connect the wedge to the main drive shaft and the shaft member. It is necessary to keep the wedge engaged with the member, and the chuck device must be used to engage and disengage the wedge frequently, especially during excavation work, as the lowered drive device must be repeatedly pulled up to a predetermined height. There is a need. For this reason, there were problems in that the wedges in particular were frequently worn and damaged, requiring frequent replacement, and the chuck device itself was required to be structurally strong, resulting in a large-scale device.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and is an excavating device that can operate the chuck mechanism only when necessary, thereby reducing wear and tear on the parts of the chuck mechanism and simplifying its structure. is intended to provide.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An excavator as an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

What is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an example of a multi-shaft excavator. That is, in the illustrated example, the multi-shaft excavator is assembled with one stirring screw 1a and one stirring rod 1b, 1b arranged in parallel on the left and right sides of the stirring screw 1a, to form an excavation hole, and then continues to be used. This is for pouring concrete, cement mortar, etc. into an excavated hole (not shown) while stirring.

In the figure, a vertical leader 3 having a guide rail 2 is provided with an auger machine 4 movable up and down in the lower half or middle part relatively close to its lower end, and on the opposite side, an auger machine 4 is installed to move up and down. A lifting device 5 is provided. Further, a suspension mechanism 7 having a pulley block 6 is provided at the top of the leader 3, and three square cylindrical shaft members 8 suspended from the suspension mechanism 7 are connected to the auger machine 4. The stirring screw 1a and the stirring rods 1b, 1b are connected to the lower ends of these rectangular cylindrical shaft members 8 via resistors 9. Note that the stirring screw 1a and the stirring rod 1b are examples of the auger 1, and it is also possible to connect other screws for forming excavated holes, torque tubes with screws, etc. to the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8.

Further, the auger machine 4 is equipped with a chuck mechanism 10 at its lower part, and the auger machine 4 is engaged with the shaft member 8 by the engagement action of the chuck mechanism 10, and the auger machine 4 is moved in the axial direction. It is configured to prevent this. On the other hand, the square tubular shaft member 8
is formed of a rectangular cylindrical member with a substantially rectangular annular horizontal cross section, and its upper end is connected to the siebel device 11.

As is clear from FIGS. 3 and 4, the auger machine 4 includes an electric motor 12, a speed reducer 13, and a roller-type guide block 14 through which the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8 can only move up and down. These details are shown in FIGS. 5-7. That is, the fifth
In the figure and FIG. 6, the reducer 13 is the electric motor 1
2, an intermediate gear 16 meshed with the input gear 15, and an intermediate gear 16 connected to the rotation shaft of the intermediate gear 1.
Output gear 17 meshed with gear 6 and these gears 1
5, 16, and 17 rotatably supported. The rotating shaft 19 of the output gear 17 in this reducer 13 is constituted by a cylindrical member, and the shaft member 8 passes through a hollow portion 19a thereof. In addition, in FIGS. 5 and 7, the guide block 14 has four sets of brackets 21 provided on a frame body 20 which is circular in plan view, and a guide roller 22 is attached to each set of brackets 21 by a horizontal pin 2.
3, and these four guide rollers 22
are positioned every 90 degrees. A pair of upper and lower guide blocks 14 are provided so as to sandwich the rotating shaft 19 of the speed reducer 13, and a frame body 20 thereof is connected to the rotating shaft 19. The four guide rollers 22 in each guide block 14
It is in contact with four flat outer surfaces 8a of the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8 that penetrates through the cylindrical shaft member 8. Therefore, even when the guide block 14 and the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8 rotate together, they can be moved up and down relative to each other.

Next, as is clear from FIGS. 5 and 8, the chuck mechanism 10 includes a pair of claw members 24, 24 disposed on both left and right sides of the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8, and It consists of a ring body 25 arranged so as to surround it, and a hydraulic cylinder 26 for moving the ring body 25 up and down. The upper end of the claw member 24 is supported by the frame 20 of the guide block 14 on the lower side by a pin 27, and a large number of small protrusions are formed on the inner surface of the lower end facing the square cylindrical shaft member 8. 24a, the outer surface of which is a downwardly expanding inclined surface 24b. The ring body 25 is rotatably supported by the outer frame member 28 via a bearing 29, and the claw member 24 is rotatably supported by the outer frame member 28 via a bearing 29.
The inner surface facing the inclined surface 24b is a tapered surface 25a that expands downward. Further, the hydraulic cylinder 26 has a cylinder tube 26a with a pin 30a.
The piston rod 26b is connected to the outer frame member 28 via a pin 30b and a bracket 31. In this case, when the hydraulic cylinder 26 is contracted, the tapered surface 2 of the ring body 25
By forming a certain gap S between 5a and the inclined surface 24 of the claw member 24, the claw member 24 can move away from the shaft member 8 within the range of the size of the gap S, while When the hydraulic cylinder 26 is extended, the downward movement of the ring body 25 brings its tapered surface 25a into pressure contact with the inclined surface 24b of the claw member 24, and the wedge action between the two causes the claw member 24 to move toward the shaft member 8 side. The small protrusion 24a is forcibly rotated so as to be strongly pressed against the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder 26 is contracted, the square tubular shaft member 8 engages the pair of claw members 24, 2.
4, so it can be moved up and down. However, when the hydraulic cylinder 26 is extended, the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8 is strongly held and engaged by the pair of claw members 24, 24, so that it is impossible to move it up and down. Note that even in this case, rotation is possible due to the action of the bearing 29.

The electric motor 12, reducer 13, guide block 14, and chuck mechanism 10 described above are provided in sets for each of the three shaft members 8, but the chuck mechanism 10 is provided for each of the three shaft members. Each ring body 25 has a common outer frame member 2 so that those for 8 operate in the same manner at the same time.
8, and six hydraulic cylinders 26
is connected to the outer frame member 28 (Figs. 3 and 4).
(see Figures 5 and 8).

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the lifting device 5 includes an upper pulley group 33 attached to the leader 3 via a support frame 32, and a cylinder tube 34a.
a hydraulic cylinder 34 attached to the leader 3;
A lower pulley group 35 connected to the piston rod 34b of the hydraulic cylinder 34, a guide rail 36 for guiding the lower pulley group 35 up and down, and an upper pulley group 33.
and the cable body 3 wound between the lower pulley group 35
It consists of 7. The upper pulley group 33 includes two fixed pulleys 33a, 33a and one guide pulley 33b, and the lower pulley group 35 includes two moving pulleys 33a, 33a and one guide pulley 33b.
5a and 35a, and the first
As shown in Figure 1, the cable body 37 is wound around the cable body 37.
One end is fixed to the support frame 32, and the other end is connected to the auger machine 4. This is a so-called boost mechanism. Therefore, the auger machine 4 is pulled up by extending the hydraulic cylinder 34 and pushing down the lower pulley group 35. The amount of movement of the auger machine 4 at that time is the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 34, that is, the lower pulley group 3
5 (four times in the illustrated example).
Further, when the hydraulic cylinder 34 is contracted, the auger machine 4 is lowered, and the agitating screw 1a and the agitating rods 1b, 1c connected to the auger machine are rotated and excavated by the auger head. In the illustrated example, in order to allow the auger machine 4 to move up and down smoothly, a pair of upper pulley group 33, lower pulley group 35, and cable body 37 are provided on the left and right sides of the hydraulic cylinder 26. There is.

The elevating device 5 is not limited to the above-mentioned one.
It is also possible to use what is shown in FIG.

That is, this device includes a pair of movable pulleys 38a to 38 that are perpendicular to each other on the upper end surface of the auger machine 4.
d is mounted on a shaft, and the support frame 3 of the leader 3 is mounted correspondingly.
2, four fixed pulleys 39a to 39d are mounted on shafts, and the rope body 37 with one end 37a fixed to the support frame 32 is connected to the movable pulley 38a → fixed pulley 39a → movable pulley 38c → movable pulley 38d → fixed pulley 39b → movable Pulley 38b → Fixed pulley 3
9c → the other end 3 via fixed pulley 39d
7b is wound around a winch provided on the crane body, and the auger machine 4 is raised and lowered by pulling the cable 37 in or out by rotating the winch forward and backward. According to this lifting device, there is no need to provide a hydraulic cylinder as in the above embodiment, and an existing winch can be used, so there is an advantage that the equipment cost is low.

Next, as is clear from FIGS. 1, 13, and 14, the suspension support mechanism 7 that supports the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8 in a hanging manner is a frame provided on the leader 3 such that it can be raised and lowered. 43, a fixed pulley group 46 and a turning pulley 47 provided on the pulley block 6 at the top of the leader 3, and these pulley groups 4.
4 and 46, and is led to a winch (not shown) on the crane side via a turning pulley 47. According to this suspension mechanism 7, when the cable body 48 is paid out, the underframe 43 is lowered, and conversely, when the cable body 48 is wound around the winch, the underframe 43 is lowered.
3 rises.

In FIGS. 13 to 15, the Siebel device 1
1 is a casing 5 fixed to the underframe 43 side.
0 supports a cylindrical rotating shaft 52 via a bearing 51, and a hose connection joint 54 connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 52 via a gland packing 53 is provided. A coupling ring 55 is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 52, and the shaft member 8 is attached to the coupling ring 55. Further, the hose 56 connected to the joint 54 has its intermediate portion wrapped around a drum 57 provided on the underframe 43, so that a portion 57b between the drum 57 and the connection end 56a to the joint 54 is formed. is relaxed into a U-shape. Note that the drum 57 can be pulled out to the side of the underframe 43, thereby preventing the hose 56 from interfering with and damaging the leader 3 or other members during excavation work. The structure is designed to prevent this from happening.

When forming an excavation hole in the ground using the above-mentioned excavator, first, the chuck mechanism 10 is not activated and the auger machine 4 is driven to apply rotational torque to the square tubular shaft member 8 and the auger screw. From this state, the auger machine 4 and the underframe 43 are lowered synchronously by the action of the lifting device 5 and the winch on the crane side. As a result, the auger screw and the square tubular shaft member are inserted into the ground to a certain depth.
If it is difficult to insert the ground midway, the chuck mechanism 10 is activated to engage the auger machine 4 with the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8, and from this state the auger machine 4 is lowered to continue excavation with the auger screw. Thereafter, similar operations are repeated to form an excavation hole of the required depth.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the auger machine 4, which is a heavy object, is always located in the lower half of the leader 3 during excavation, so that the center of gravity of the excavator is always set at a low position. , stable work is done.

To drive foundation pile materials such as concrete or cement mortar into the excavation hole formed as described above, do not pull up the auger screw after the excavation is complete, but place the tip of the auger screw at the bottom of the excavation hole. The machine 4 is driven to apply rotational force to the square tubular shaft member 8 and the auger screw, and the hose 5 is
6. While driving the foundation pile material into the excavation hole from the lower end of the auger screw through the seal device 11 and the square tubular shaft member 8, the auger machine 4 and underframe 43 are raised to pull out the auger screw from the excavation hole.

In the above, when the auger machine 4 is driven, as is clear from FIGS. 5 and 6, the rotational output of the electric motor 12 is
5. The signal is transmitted to the intermediate gear 16 and the output gear 17 in this order, and from the output gear 17 to the guide block 14 via the rotating shaft 19. Therefore,
The rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8 held between the four guide rollers 22 rotates together with the guide block 14, and its rotational torque is transmitted to the auger 1.
In this case, since the pawl member 24 of the chuck mechanism 10 rotates together with the guide block 14, when the chuck mechanism 10 is in the non-operating state (see FIG. 5), It is possible to move up and down. Further, since the link body 25 of the chuck mechanism 10 is supported by the outer frame member 28 via a bearing 29, the claw member 24 and the ring body 25 rotate together when the chuck mechanism 10 is in the operating state. . Therefore, also in this case, the rotation of the rectangular cylindrical shaft member 8 can be continued.

Next, when the lifting device 5 shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 is used, the insertion force of the auger screw into the ground during excavation is
This is caused by the weight of the underframe 43 and the like, and together with the force of digging into the ground as the auger screw rotates, suitable excavation is possible. However, in cases where the ground is hard, a situation may arise in which simply applying the above-mentioned own weight is insufficient. In this case, by utilizing the weight of the lifting device 5, it is possible to apply a stronger insertion force to the auger screw, and the auger screw can be inserted into the ground more strongly.

As explained above, in the excavator of the present invention, the shaft member to which the auger is connected to the lower end is formed into a square tubular shape, and the auger machine for rotating the square tubular shaft member is formed by the square tubular shaft member. It consists of a guide block that passes through it so that it can only be moved up and down, and an electric motor that rotates this guide block.This auger machine is supported by a leader so that it can go up and down, and the rotation of the electric motor can be transmitted to the shaft member through the guide block. The auger machine is provided with a chuck mechanism that engages and disengages the auger machine from the shaft member in a non-operating state, and the rotation of the electric motor can be transmitted to the shaft member even when the chuck mechanism is in an inactive state. Because there are
The chuck mechanism does not need to be operated all the time and only needs to be operated when necessary, so that wear and tear on the parts of the chuck mechanism can be minimized. In addition, the shaft member is suspended from the top of the leader by a suspension mechanism so that it can be raised and lowered, and the chuck mechanism does not have the function of transmitting rotation to the shaft member as described above, but rather engages with this shaft member and operates the auger. Since it prevents the machine from moving up and down, no large load is placed on the chuck mechanism itself, and therefore, the chuck mechanism does not require much strength.
Therefore, the structure of the chuck mechanism can be simplified.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view with a part cut away of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall front view of the same, FIG. 3 is a side view of an auger machine, and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the same. Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the main parts of the auger machine, and Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view of the main parts of the auger machine.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line - of Fig. 5, Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line - of Fig. 6, and Fig. 9 is a side view of the lifting device. Figure 10 is a rear view of the same, Figure 11 is an explanatory diagram, Figure 12 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of the lifting device, Figure 13 is a side view of the siebel device, and Figure 14 is a plan view of the same. ,
FIG. 15 is a sectional view of the same. 3... Leader, 4... Auger machine, 5... Lifting device, 7... Hanging support mechanism, 8... Rectangular cylindrical shaft member, 10... Chack mechanism, 12... Electric motor, 14... Guide block.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A guide block that is suspended from the top of the leader via a suspension mechanism and through which a rectangular cylindrical shaft member with an auger connected to the lower end passes through so that it can only be moved up and down, and an electric motor that rotationally drives this guide block. An auger machine equipped with the auger machine is supported movably up and down at the middle or lower part of the leader, and the auger machine is mounted in a state where the rotation of the electric motor can be transmitted to the shaft member via a guide block. An excavator equipped with a chuck mechanism that engages and disengages from a shaft member.