JPS638247B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an excavator used for forming an excavation hole underground, injecting cement mortar into an excavation hole, and the like.

Conventionally, this type of excavator has been constructed by directly connecting an auger such as a screw to an auger machine installed on a leader so that it can be raised and lowered. The maximum limit was determined by the maximum lifting stroke of the auger machine. Therefore, when digging a deep bore hole, a leader having a height commensurate with the depth is required. However, since the auger machine itself, which contains an electric motor, reducer, and other various parts, is quite heavy, if the auger machine is placed at the top of the tall leader in the early stages of excavation, the center of gravity of the excavator will be is set at a high position, forcing work to be carried out in unstable conditions. In addition, since it is necessary to increase the rigidity of the leader that supports the auger machine, there is also the problem that the leader needs to have a large diameter.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the auger machine is provided in the middle or lower half of the leader so as to be able to rise and fall freely, and the auger machine can be moved up and down in the middle or lower half of the leader. The object of the present invention is to provide an excavator that can excavate in a stable state at all times without causing the center of gravity of the excavator to be set at a high position due to repetition.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An excavator as an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

What is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is an example of a multi-shaft excavator. That is, in the illustrated example, the multi-shaft excavator is constructed by assembling one stirring screw 1a and one stirring rod 1b, 1b arranged in parallel on the left and right sides of the stirring screw 1a, to form an excavation hole, and then continuing. This is for pouring concrete, cement mortar, etc. into an excavated hole (not shown) while stirring.

In the figure, a vertical leader 3 having a guide rail 2 is provided with an auger machine 4 movable up and down in the lower half or middle part relatively close to its lower end, and on the opposite side, an auger machine 4 is installed to move up and down. A lifting device 5 is provided. Further, a fixed pulley block 7 is pivotally supported on a top sheave 6 at the top of the leader 3, and a support device 9 is provided to this via a hanging cable 8 so as to be able to move up and down along the leader 3. 9, the Siebel device 10 described below
Three shaft members 11 formed of rectangular cylinder members having a generally rectangular annular cross section pass through the auger machine 4 and reach below the auger machine 4, and the auger screw 1 is attached to the lower end of these shaft members 11. Stirring screw 1
a and stirring rods 1b, 1b are connected via a joint 12. Note that the stirring screw 1a and the stirring rod 1b are examples of an auger screw, and it is also possible to connect other screws for forming an excavated hole, a torque tube with a screw, etc. to the shaft member 11.

Further, a squeezing cable device 13, which will be described later, is interposed and connected between the support device 9 and the auger machine 4.

As is clear from FIGS. 3 and 4, the auger machine 4 includes an electric motor 14, a reduction gear 15, and a roller type guide block 16, the details of which are shown in FIGS. 5 to 7. There is. That is, in FIG. 6, the reducer 15 includes an input gear 17 connected to the rotating shaft of the electric motor 14, an intermediate gear 18 meshed with the input gear 17, and an output gear 19 meshed with the intermediate gear 18. These gears 17, 18, 1
9 and a casing 20 that rotatably supports it. Output gear 19 in this reducer 15
The rotating shaft 21 is made of a cylindrical member, and the shaft member 11 passes through a hollow portion 21a thereof. In addition, in FIGS. 5 and 7, the guide block 16 has four sets of brackets 23 provided on a frame body 22 which is circular in plan view, and a guide roller 24 is attached to each set of brackets 23 by a horizontal pin 25. The four guide rollers 24 are positioned at 90 degree intervals. The guide block 16 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 of the reducer 15.
A pair of upper and lower parts are provided so as to sandwich 1, and the frame body 22 thereof is connected to the rotating shaft 21. The four guide rollers 24 in each guide block 16 are connected to the four flat outer surfaces 1 of the shaft member 11 which is cylindrical in plan view and passes through the guide lock 16.
It is in contact with 1a. Therefore, even when the guide block 16 and the shaft member 11 rotate together, they can be moved up and down relative to each other.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the lifting device 5 has a support frame 2 attached to the middle or lower half of the leader 3.
6, and the upper pulley group 27 is attached to the leader 3 via this support frame 26, the hydraulic cylinder 28 to which the cylinder tube 28a is attached to the leader 3, and the piston rod 28 of the hydraulic cylinder 28.
The lower pulley group 29 connected to b and the lower pulley group 2
It consists of a guide rail 30 that guides the lifting and lowering of the train 9, and a cable 31 wound between the upper pulley group 27 and the lower pulley group 29. The upper pulley group 27 includes two fixed pulleys 27a, 27a and one guide pulley 27.
Furthermore, the lower pulley group 29 includes two movable pulleys 29a, 29a, and a cable 31 is wound between these as shown in FIG. It is fixed to the support frame 26, and the other end is connected to the auger machine 4. This is a so-called boost mechanism. Therefore, the auger machine 4 is pulled up by extending the hydraulic cylinder 28 and pushing down the lower pulley group 29. The amount of movement of the auger machine 4 at this time is several times (four times in the illustrated example) the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 28, that is, the amount of movement L of the lower pulley group 29. Further, when the hydraulic cylinder 28 is contracted, the auger machine 4 is lowered, and the stirring screw 1a and the stirring rod 1 connected to the auger machine are lowered.
b and 1b are excavated by these auger heads while rotating. In the illustrated example, in order to allow the auger machine 4 to move up and down smoothly, a pair of upper pulley group 27, lower pulley 29, and cable body 31 are provided on the left and right sides of the hydraulic cylinder 28. .

The elevating device 5' is not limited to the one described above, but it is also possible to use the one shown in FIG. 11.

That is, this device includes a pair of movable pulleys 32a, 32 which are perpendicular to each other at the upper end of the auger machine 4.
d is mounted on a shaft, and the support frame 2 of the leader 3 is mounted correspondingly.
6 also has four fixed pulleys 33a to 33d mounted on the shaft,
The cable body 31 with one end 31a fixed to the support frame 26 is sequentially passed through the movable pulley 32a → fixed pulley 33a → movable pulley 32c → movable pulley 32d → fixed pulley 33b → movable pulley 32d → fixed pulley 33c → fixed pulley 33d, and then The end 31b is wound around a winch installed on the crane body, and the auger machine 4 is raised and lowered by pulling the cable 31 in or out by rotating the winch forward and backward.

According to this elevating device, there is no need to provide a hydraulic cylinder as in the previous embodiment, and an existing winch can be used, so there is an advantage that the equipment cost is low.

Next, as is clear from FIGS. 1, 12, and 13, the support device 9 that supports the shaft member 11 in a hanging manner is provided on the underframe 34 that is provided on the leader 3 so that it can be raised and lowered. a movable pulley group 35 and a fixed pulley group 7 provided on the top sheave 9 at the top of the leader 3.
A cable body 36 (the first rope) is wound around these pulley groups 35 and 7, and is appropriately guided to a winch (not shown) on the crane side via a turning pulley 7a (Fig. 1).
Figure). According to this support device 9, when the cable body 36 is paid out, the underframe 34 is lowered, and the cable body 36 is unwound.
6 is rolled up by the winch, the underframe 34 rises.

In FIGS. 12 to 14, the Siebel device 1
0 is the casing 3 fixed to the underframe 34 side.
7 supports a cylindrical rotating shaft 39 via a bearing 38, and a hose connection joint 41 connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft 52 via a gland packing 40 is provided. A coupling ring 42 is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 39, and the shaft member 11 is connected to the coupling ring 42. In addition, the intermediate portion of the hose 43 connected to the joint 41 is wound around a drum 44 provided on the underframe 34, so that the portion 43 between the drum 44 and the connection end 43a to the joint 41 is is relaxed into a U-shape. Note that the drum 44 can be pulled out to the side of the underframe 43, thereby preventing the hose 43 from interfering with and damaging the leader 3 or other members during excavation work. The structure is designed to prevent this from happening.

Finally, the squeezing cable device 13 that connects the support device 9 and the auger machine 4, which is the main part of the present invention, is as shown in FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 9 shown in block diagram designates the above-mentioned support device, 4
is an auger machine, 26 is a support frame fixed to the middle or lower half of the leader (see Fig. 8), 6 is a top sheave fixed to the top of the leader 3, and the above-mentioned fixed pulley block 7 is provided. There is.

That is, a pair of fixed pulleys 46a, 46a for temporarily suspending a rope body 45 (see FIG. 1) connected to a hoisting winch of the hoist body in a fixed position is supported by the support frame 26, and a pair of fixed pulleys 46a, 46a, are supported by the supporting frame 26, The auger machine 4 has at least three movable pulleys 47a to 47.
c is pivotally supported, and at least one fixed pulley 48 is pivotally supported on the support device 9 in correspondence with these movable pulley groups. The cable body 45 is suspended from a pair of movable pulleys 47a, 47b which are pivotally supported by the auger machine 4 via fixed pulleys 46a, 46b which are pivotally supported by the support frame 26. A fixed pulley 48 extending upwardly and pivotally supported by the support device 9
It extends downward again as shown by reference numeral 45b, is suspended from the remaining movable pulley 47c of the auger machine 4, and finally extends upward as shown by reference numeral 45c, with its tip 45d attached to the support device 9. It is attached to. In addition, 8 (see FIG. 1) in the figure is the above-mentioned hanging cable that is wound between the fixed pulley block 7 and the movable pulley block 35 in order to drive the support device 9 up and down. Adjacent to this, a hanging rope body 49 such as a ready-made pile is installed on the fixed pulley 5.
It is suspended by 0a and 50b. Further, 5' in the figure is the lifting device shown in FIG. 11, and the reference numeral shown in FIG. 11 is given to it, and the explanation thereof will be omitted.

In order to put the cutting rope device 13 into operation, the squeezing rope device 45 is maintained in a tensioned state so that the weight of the auger machine 4 is constantly applied to the support device 9, that is, the auger machine 4 is It is made to be suspended from the support device 9, and in this state, the support device 9 and the auger machine 4 are made to descend in synchronization. For this purpose, of course, the above-mentioned suspension rope 8
And the elevating cable 31 is replaced with the above-mentioned narrowing cable 4.
5 and must be operated in sync with each other.

When forming an excavation hole in the ground using the above-mentioned excavator, first drive the auger machine 4 with the squeezing rope device 13 in a non-operating state to apply rotational torque to the shaft member 11 and the auger screw. From this state, the auger machine 4 and the underframe 34 are lowered in synchronism by the action of the lifting device 5 or 5' and a winch on the crane side. As a result, the auger screw and the shaft member are inserted into the ground to a certain depth, but if the ground is difficult to insert in the middle, the squeezing rope body 13 is operated in a tensioned state to absorb the weight of the auger machine 4 into the support device 9. The weight of the auger machine 4 is applied to the shaft member 11 via the support device 9, and the auger machine 4 is lowered under this squeeze load to continue excavation by the auger screw. Thereafter, similar operations are repeated to form an excavation hole of the required depth.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the auger machine 4, which is a heavy object, is always located in the lower half of the leader 3 during excavation, so that the center of gravity of the excavator is always set at a low position. , stable work is done.

To drive foundation pile materials such as concrete or cement mortar into the excavation hole formed as described above, do not pull up the auger screw after the excavation is completed, but place the tip of the auger screw at the bottom of the excavation hole. , the auger machine 4 is driven to apply rotational force to the shaft member 11 and the auger screw, and the hose 4 is
3. While driving the foundation pile material into the excavation hole from the lower end of the auger screw through the seabel device 10 and shaft member 11, the auger machine 4 and underframe 34 are raised to pull out the auger screw from inside the excavation hole. be.

In the above, when the auger machine 4 is driven, as is clear from FIGS. 5 and 6, the rotational output of the electric motor 14 is
7. The signal is transmitted to the intermediate gear 18 and the output gear 19 in this order, and from the output gear 19 to the guide block 16 via the rotating shaft 21. Therefore,
The shaft member 11 held between the four guide rollers 24 rotates together with the guide block 16, and its rotational torque is transmitted to the auger screw 1.

Next, when the lifting device 5 or 5' shown in FIGS. 8 to 11 is used, the insertion force of the auger screw into the ground during excavation is This is caused by the weight of the 34 etc., and combined with the force of penetration into the ground due to the rotation of the auger screw, enables suitable excavation. However, in cases where the ground is hard, a situation may arise in which simply applying the above-mentioned own weight is insufficient. In this case, by utilizing the weight of the auger machine 4, a stronger insertion force can be applied to the auger screw, and the auger screw can be inserted into the ground more strongly.

As described above, according to the present invention, the upper end of the shaft member is attached to the support device that is supported by the leader so as to be able to move up and down, and the shaft member with the auger screw connected to the lower end is moved along the leader through the support device. An auger machine that is suspended so as to be raised and lowered and that can be raised and lowered relative to the shaft member while transmitting rotational force to the shaft member separately from the support device can be raised and lowered to the middle or lower half of the leader. Even if the weight of the auger machine is large, the center of gravity is set at a low position, making it possible to continue stable work, and even when drilling deep holes. Coupled with the fact that the center of gravity is set at a low position, the rigidity of the leader is no longer required, and its compact size and
Weight reduction is easily achieved.

Further, according to the present invention, the dead weight of the auger machine is applied to the shaft member attached to the auger machine via the support device, and the auger screw connected to the shaft member is squeezed into the ground by the addition of the dead weight. Since the squeezing rope device is interposed and connected between the support device and the auger machine, the excavation force by the auger screw can be further increased by the operation of the squeezing rope device.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the auger screw connected to the shaft member can be detached, it is possible to sequentially attach the auger screw to the shaft member according to the depth of the excavation hole.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view with a part cut away of an excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall front view of the same, FIG. 3 is a side view of an auger machine, and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the same. Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of the main part of the auger machine with a cutout, and Figure 6 is a -
A cross-sectional view along the line, Fig. 7 is - of Fig. 5.
8 is a side view of the elevating device, FIG. 9 is a rear view thereof, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the operating state of the elevating device, and FIG. 11 is another embodiment of the elevating device. 12 is a side view of the support device,
Fig. 13 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the same,
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the narrowing cable device. 1...August Screw, 3...Leader, 4...
...Auger machine, 5,5'...Lifting device, 9...
Support device, 11... Shaft member, 13... Squeezing cord device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The upper end of the shaft member is attached to a support device that is supported by the leader so that it can be raised and lowered, and the shaft member is suspended along the leader through the support device so that it can be raised and lowered, and an auger screw is attached to the lower end of this shaft member. An auger machine that is removably connected and that can be raised and lowered relative to the shaft member while transmitting rotational force to the shaft member is provided in the middle or lower half of the leader, and that the auger machine's own weight is The support device and the auger machine include a squeezing rope device for squeezing the auger screw connected to the shaft member into the ground by applying a load to the shaft member attached to the shaft member through the support device and applying the own weight. An excavator that is interposed and connected between the two.