JPS6325358B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for driving a programmable automatic musical performance device, and more particularly to a method for driving a programmable automatic musical performance device that performs complex repetitive motions.

First, to explain about repetition symbols, there are the following repetition symbols described in music books. For example, "〓〓...Play the part between these symbols twice.", "〓〓〓〓...The first time, play the part inside 〓〓, and after repeating, don't play the part inside 〓〓. 〓
play inside. '', ``〓, DS...If DS is marked on the score, play repeatedly from the 〓 symbol.'', etc. In reality, a plurality of repetition marks are used in one song, and the performer decides on the spot which repetition mark to perform first. Moreover, the priority order of each repetition symbol is not very clearly distinguished.

Generally, the above-mentioned repetition symbol (repetition motion) has not been taken into consideration in the driving method of a programmable automatic performance device. Therefore, when programming a musical score such as playing the same musical score twice, there is a problem in that the storage capacity of the musical score memory increases in proportion to the length of the musical score. Therefore, there is a method in which a programmable automatic performance device is equipped with a repeat function and repeat symbols are inputted exactly as in the musical score. This method can prevent the storage capacity of the score memory from increasing, but because the score is input exactly as it is written, there are six types of repetition marks mentioned above, and there are also "DC, Fine, 〓, 〓, coda ，
〓〓, 〓〓, 〓〓, etc.'', and more than 15 types of input buttons are required. For this reason, although the input method according to the musical score is easy to input, on the other hand, the number of input buttons becomes extremely large, making the input operation even more difficult. It is necessary to store the information in advance so that it can be used in the following manner, which poses the problem of complicating the circuit configuration.

The present invention solves the above problems.

Hereinafter, the repetition symbol (repetition operation) of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIG.

Figure 1A shows an example of how repetition symbols are used.
The playing method for Figure 1 A is (A) → (B) → (C) → (B) → (
d)→
(b)→(e). FIG. 1B is a replacement of FIG. 1A with the concept of the present invention, and a set of repeated symbols is considered as one label. If the repetition symbol in Figure 1A is replaced with the label in Figure 1B, "〓〓〓〓" = "-
”, “〓〓〓〓” = “−”, “〓−DS” = “
−
”, “to〓−〓coda” = “〓−”. As a function, first of all, “-
Once the motion of "-" is completed while focusing on the label "-", the user repeats the motion so as to focus on the label "-". That is, the label,,
Set the labels in the order of... When executed, the operations are repeated in the order of labels, . . . .

Here, the label,,,ya,,,
This symbol is used, which will be explained below. The label , , represents the type of repetition symbol, and further indicates that the repetition operation is performed preferentially from the repetition symbol with the smallest number. The symbol ◯ is a symbol (hereinafter referred to as a jump symbol) that causes the player to jump from the position of this symbol to the same label (number). As mentioned above, one set of repetition symbols is set as one label, and the labels are specified in advance in descending numerical order according to the priority order of repetition operations, so the number of input buttons related to repetition symbols is reduced, and the input Easy to operate,
The circuit configuration can also be simplified.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes pitch input means, which specifies the pitch and rest of a musical tone and outputs a pitch pressing signal and pitch pressing information. Reference numeral 2 denotes a first code conversion means, which inputs the pitch pressure information output from the pitch input means 1 and converts the pitch and rest of a musical tone into a predetermined code signal. Reference numeral 3 denotes a tone length input means, which specifies the length of a musical tone and outputs a tone length pressing signal and tone length pressing information. Reference numeral 4 denotes a second code converting means, which inputs the tone length pressing information output from the tone length input means 3 and converts the length of a musical tone into a predetermined code signal. Reference numeral 5 denotes a note length code temporary storage means, which inputs the note length press signal of the note length input means 3 and the output signal of the second code conversion means 4, and outputs the note length press signal of the note length input means 3. The output signal of the second code conversion means 4 is stored each time. Reference numeral 6 denotes a repetition input means, which specifies a repetition operation and outputs a repetition press signal and repetition press information. Reference numeral 7 denotes a third code converting means, which inputs the repetitive press information output from the repetitive input means 6 and converts it into a predetermined code signal. Reference numeral 8 denotes a score memory, in which the pitch input means 1 outputs a pitch pressure signal from the first code conversion means 2.
and the output signal of the tone length code temporary storage means 5, or store the output signal of the third code conversion means 7 each time a repetitive pressing signal from the repetitive input means 6 is output. Reference numeral 9 denotes an R/W control means, which performs read/write control for the musical score memory 8. 10 is a repetitive memory control means;
The repetitive press signal of the repetitive input means 6 and the output signal of the R/W control means 9 are input, and a memory control signal of the repetitive address is outputted. Reference numeral 11 denotes an address setting device, which sets the address of the musical score memory 8 to a predetermined address. 12
is a repetitive operation device, which performs repetitive operations by inputting the repetitive output signal from the musical score memory 8, the output signal from the repetitive storage control means 10, and the output signal from the address setting device 11. Reference numeral 13 denotes a note length counting device, which receives note length information from the musical score memory 8 as input and counts note lengths. Reference numeral 14 denotes a musical tone forming device, which receives pitch information from the musical score memory 8 as input and generates musical tones.

In the above configuration, a case will be described in which a musical score is programmed.

First, input regarding musical notes will be explained. When a predetermined note length (for example, a half note, etc.) is input from the note length input means 3, the note length pressing information of the note length input means 3 is stored in the note length code temporary storage means 5 via the second code conversion means 4. be done. Next, when a predetermined pitch (for example, the pitch of C ₃ ) is input from the pitch input means 1, the pitch pressure information of the pitch input means 1 becomes the first pitch.
The data is sent to the storage device 8 via the code conversion means 2. Further, when a pitch pressing signal (OFF→ON) is sent from the pitch input means 1, the address setting device 11 specifies the output of the first code conversion means 2 and the output of the length code temporary storage means 5. Music score memory 8
Store it at the specified location. Then, the pitch pressure signal is
Every time there is a change from ON to OFF, the address setting device 11
Then, a +1 operation is performed to increment the specified address in the musical score memory 8 by one. Notes can be input sequentially as described above.

Next, input regarding repetition symbols will be explained. As mentioned above, there are two types of repetition symbols: one that specifies only a label symbol, and one that is a combination of a jump symbol ○ and a label signal, and so on.

First, the case where only the label signal is specified will be explained. When a predetermined label symbol (for example, etc.) is input through the repetitive input means 6, the repetitive press information of the repetitive input means 6 is transmitted to the third code conversion means 7.
is sent to the musical score memory 8 via. Further, a repetition press signal (OFF→ON) is sent, and the repetition information is stored in the musical score memory 8. Further, a repetitive pressing signal (OFF→ON) from the repetitive input means 6 is applied to the repetitive operation device 12 via the repetitive memory control means 10, and the output signal (memory address) of the address setting device 11 is sent to the repetitive operation device 12. Store. Then, when the repeated pressing signal changes from ON to OFF, an address +1 operation is performed in the address setting device 11, and the address specification in the musical score memory 8 is advanced by one step.

Next, a combination of jump symbol ○ and label symbol will be explained. First, a jump symbol is inputted from the repetition input means 6. The jump temporary storage unit 17 (third
(see figure). Furthermore, once the jump symbol is stored, repeated press signals are inhibited.
Subsequently, when a predetermined label symbol is inputted from the repetitive input means 6, the above-mentioned jump symbol and label symbol are encoded via the third code conversion means 7 and sent to the musical score memory 8. Furthermore, a repetition press signal (OFF→ON) is sent, and repetition information is stored in the musical score memory 8. Further, since the repetitive press signal (OFF→ON) sent to the repetitive storage control means 10 is blocked as described above, the memory address is not stored in the repetitive operation device 12. Then, when the repeated pressing signal changes from ON to OFF, the address setting device 11
The +1 operation is performed to increment the address by one, and the address specification of the musical score memory 8 is advanced by one step. As described above, by storing the memory address in the repeating operation device 12 only in the case of label symbols only, repeating symbols can be input sequentially.

The case of the musical score program has been explained above, and next, the case of automatic performance will be explained. In other words, consider a case where the output state of the R/W control means 9 is a read state (music score memory 8 is in a read state). Musical score information is stored in the musical score memory 8 as described above. When these programmed musical scores are automatically played, the addresses of the musical score memory 8 are sequentially designated by the address setting device 11, and the musical score information is transferred to the output terminals O ₁ , O 2 , O ₂ of the musical score memory 8 in accordance with the address setting device 11 .
Output from _O3 .

Output O ₁ of musical score memory 8 is pitch information, output O ₂ is note length information, and output O ₃ is repetition information. If the musical score is a musical note, the contents of the address specified by the address setting device 11 are output from the outputs O ₁ and O ₂ of the musical score memory 8. The output O ₁ (pitch information) is applied to the musical tone forming device 14 to generate a musical tone. Output O ₂ (tone length information)
is added to the tone length counting device 13. The tone length counting device 13 counts for a time corresponding to the length of the note, and when the counting is finished, applies a counting end pulse to the address setting device 11. Then, the address specification of the musical score memory 8 is advanced by one and is operated by +1. In this way, the musical score information specified by the address setting device 11 is outputted from the musical tone forming device 14 one after another as musical tones.

Next, the repetitive motion will be explained. The contents of the address specified by the address setting device 11 are output from the output O ₃ (repetition information) of the score memory 8 and the repetitive motion device 1
Added to 2. In the repetitive motion device 12, first,
At first, focus only on the label with the lowest number. Here, if the repetition information does not include a jump symbol, the address setting device 11
Send information and proceed to the next score. On the other hand, if the repetition information includes a jump symbol, the output signal (memory address) of the address setting device 11 stored at the time of the above-mentioned programming, that is, the repetition destination address of the musical score memory 8 is read out, and the memory of the address setting device 11 is read out. Reset the address. Then, attention is released from the label and attention is focused on label +1, that is, the label is focused on, and the above-described repetitive operation is performed one after another. As described above, by treating a set of repetition symbols as one label and replacing the repetition symbols with numbers, it is possible to reduce the number of input buttons, simplify input operations, and perform complex repetition operations with a simple circuit configuration. can.

FIG. 3 is a concrete configuration diagram, and parts having the same functions as those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and explanations thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 3, reference numerals 15a and 15b are label input switches for specifying a label for a repetition symbol. Reference numeral 16 denotes a jump input switch for specifying a jump for repetition symbols. Reference numeral 17 is a jump temporary storage section, which temporarily stores jump symbols. 1
Reference numeral 8 denotes a gate for blocking the repeated pressing signal; 19, a gate for calculating the logical sum of the pitch pressing signal of the pitch input means 1 and the repetitive pressing signal; and generating a clock for writing information into the musical score memory 8; 20, an R/W a switch 21 for determining the read or write state of the control means 9;
is a memory address storage unit, and address setting device 1
1 output signal (memory address) is stored. 2
Reference numeral 2 denotes a comparison label generation unit, which determines which label to pay attention to. A comparator 23 compares the repetition (label) information from the score memory 8 and the comparison label information from the comparison label generation section 22. 2
4 is a gate 25 which takes the AND of the repetition (jump) information from the score memory 8 and the output of the comparator 23;
is interlocked with the switch 20 to set the address setting device 1.
1 is a switch that sends a clock pulse, 26 is a gate that takes an OR, 27 is a tempo oscillator that determines the tempo of automatic performance, 28 is a counter that counts the duration of each note, 29 is an inversion gate, and 30 is a label setting section , 31 is an inversion gate, and 32 is an AND gate.

In the above structure, first, the repetition input means 6, which is composed of label input switches 15a, 15b, jump input switch 16, jump temporary storage device 17, gate 18, and inverting gate 29, will be explained. If only label input is required (for example, label input switch 15a), when this label input switch 15a is pressed, label input switch 15a
1, the repetitive coded information is sent to the musical score memory 8 via the third code conversion means 7 (the coded label is stored in the ROM).
Furthermore, a write signal is sent to the score memory 8 from the label input switch 15a 2 via the gate 19, and the repetition information is stored in the score memory 8. Also, from the label input switch 15a 2 to the gate 1
A repetitive press signal is applied to one input of 8,
A high level is applied to the other inputs of this gate 18 unless the jump input switch 16 connected thereto is pressed, and the output of the gate 18 is influenced by label input switch 15a 2, etc. And label input switch 15
a.2 to gate 18 and repetitive storage control means 10
is sent to the memory address storage section 21 as an address write signal. When the label input switch 15a is turned from ON to OFF, the repeated pressing signal clears the inside of the jump temporary storage section 17 via the inversion gate 29 and keeps the output at a high level.

Next, a description will be given of when inputting a label and inputting a jump. When the jump input switch 16 is pressed, jump input ON information (low level) is stored in the jump temporary storage section 17 and sent to the score memory 8. Then, a low level is sent from the jump temporary storage section 17 to the gate 18.
is in the closed state, and the label input switch 15a 2
Block signals from etc. Subsequently, when the label input switch 15a is pressed, the repetition information from 1 of the label input switch 15a is stored in the musical score memory 8 as described above.

Next, the repetitive operation device 12, which is composed of the memory address storage section 21, the comparison label generation section 22, the comparator 23, the gate 24, the label setting section 30, the gates 24 and 32, and the inversion gate 31, will be explained.

First, when programming a musical score, each time a write signal (OFF→ON) from the repetitive storage control means 10 is sent to the memory address storage section 21, the label setting section 30 changes the output signal of the third code conversion means 7 to a specific label. Convert and store memory address storage unit 21
The output signal (memory address) of the address setting device 11 is stored in a designated predetermined location.

Next, the automatic performance will be explained. The outputs O ₃ ′ and O ₃ ″ of the score memory 8 are the repetition information explained in FIG. 2, O ₃ ′ is label information, and O ₃ is jump information.The label information and jump information are the notes Repeating motion device 1 one after another according to the note length of
It will be sent to 2. Label information from the comparison label generator 22 and label information from the score memory 8
The comparator 23 compares O ₃ ', and if they match, a match pulse signal is output from the output A of the comparator 23 and applied to the gate 32. If jump information (low level) O ₃ '' is not sent from the score memory 8, the gate 32 blocks the coincidence pulse signal from the comparator 23 (output A).
The output B of the comparator 23 outputs a +1 pulse signal each time the label information O ₃ ' is sent from the score memory 8, and is sent to the gate 24. The gate 24 blocks other inputs only when jump information (low level) O ₃ '' is sent from the score memory 8.
+1 when there is no jump information O ₃ ″ in score memory 8
The pulse signal is passed through the gate 24 to the address setting device 1.
1 and performs a memory address +1 operation.
When the label information from the comparison label generator 22 and the label information O ₃ ′ from the score memory 8 match and jump information (low level) O ₃ ″ is also sent, the gate 32 becomes open and the comparator The coincidence pulse signal of the output A of 23 is sent via the gate 32 to the memory address storage section 21, the address setting device 11, the gate 26, and the comparison label generation section 22.

FIG. 4 shows the timing of the above-mentioned coincidence pulse signal and each part. When the coincidence pulse signal of the output A of the comparator 23 changes from the OFF state to the ON state, the output of the memory address storage section 21 is set to the label setting section 3.
The memory address signal is incremented by +1 and output from a predetermined location designated by 0. Then, when the coincidence pulse signal changes from the ON state to the OFF state, the output signal of the memory address storage section 21 is used to reset the memory address in the address setting device 11.
Furthermore, the label specification of the comparison label generation section 22 is +
Perform one operation.

The operation of the switch 25 is to send the output signal of the gate 19 to the address setting device 11 during musical score programming.
During automatic performance, the output signal of the counter 28 is applied to the address setting device 11. That is, the clock signal input of the address setting device 11 is selected.

The tone length counting device 13 composed of a tempo oscillator 27 and a counter 28 will be explained. The note length information from the output O2 of the musical score memory ₈ is set in the counter 28 by the clock signal from the gate 26, and counting is performed up to the maximum count value by the oscillation output of the tempo oscillator 27. When the counting is finished, the end pulse is sent to the address setting device 11 and the gate 2 via the switch 25.
Sent to 6. At the rising edge of the end pulse, the memory address is incremented by 1, and at the falling edge, tone length data is set in the counter 28.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention using a microcomputer will be described.

FIG. 5 is a system block diagram of a microcomputer MN1400 manufactured by Matsushita Electronics Co., Ltd. used in this example. As is well known,
A microcomputer is a type of computer, and the exchange of signals is controlled by a program using microinstructions. Although it is difficult to ensure a one-to-one correspondence between each functional block in FIGS. 2 and 3 and each part of the microcomputer, the concept of the present invention itself does not change even if a microcomputer is used. For example, the code contents of the first to third code conversion means 2, 4, and 7 in FIG. 2 are stored in an internal read-only memory (ROM).

However, in this microcomputer, the contents of the internal ROM are transferred to the internal random access memory (RAM) as soon as the power is turned on, and the conversion is performed in the internal RAM area. The tone length code/temporary storage means 5 in FIG. 2 is also set in a predetermined area of the internal RAM. In addition, the tone length counting device 13 also stores counting data internally.
This is achieved by storing the specified counting data in the RAM area and setting it in the built-in counter through exchange (controlled by the program) between the internal RAM, arithmetic unit (ALU), and accumulator (ACC) to perform counting. can. In addition, the repetitive motion device 12
This can also be achieved by storing memory addresses and specified labels in the internal RAM area and communicating with ALU, ACC, etc.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention using a microcomputer MN1400.

First, input and output of the microcomputer 33 will be explained. Switches such as the pitch input means 1, the note length input means 3, the repetition input means 6, and the program/automatic performance selector switch 9 are connected to the output ports Cθφ~ of the microcomputer 33.
Placed at each intersection of the matrix composed of Cθ6 and input ports Aiφ~Ai3, Biφ~Bi3, and output ports
Pulses (seven-phase pulses) are sequentially output from Cθφ to Cθ6, and are input into the microcomputer 33 from input ports Aiφ to 3 and Biφ to 3 and searched, thereby determining which switch has been pressed. Output ports Eθφ to Eθ3 output pitch information, note length information, and repetition information. And music score memory 8
RAMI34 contains repetition information, RAM35, 3
Pitch information is sent to 6, and note length information is sent to RAM 37. Further, from the output port Cθ8, an R/W signal is output which determines whether the RAM, . Chip selection signals for RAM, . . . are output to output ports Dθφ to Dθ4. Also, output port Cθ7 outputs a clock signal to the address setting device 11 (consisting of a presettable counter, which counts up by one step when the clock signal changes from low level to high level to low level). .

Next, input/output of the microcomputer 32 will be explained. Program/automatic performance status determination is inputted to the sense input SNSO by the switch 40. An output signal of RAMI (repetition information) is applied to the input ports Biφ to Bi3. Input port Aiφ~
The output signal of the address setting device 11 is applied to the Ai3 input via the selector 38. The output port Cθ9 has the upper 4 bits and lower 4 bits of the output signal of the address setting device 11.
A signal for distinguishing which of the 4 bits to select is output and applied to the selector 38. output port
The repeat destination address is output from Cθφ to Cθ7 and added to the address setting device 11. A set signal for setting the output signals of the output ports Cθφ to Cθ7 to the address setting device 11 is output from the output port Cθ8. The overall operation can be realized by converting the operation explained in FIG. 2 into microinstructions, storing them in the internal ROM area of each microcomputer 33, 39, and controlling them by a program.

As described above, according to the present invention, one set of repetition symbols is set as one label, and the priority order of the repetition operation is specified in advance to a label with a small number, so that input operations are facilitated and the circuit configuration is can be simplified.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1A and B are diagrams showing examples of repetition symbols, Figure 2
Figure 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 is a specific circuit configuration diagram thereof, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of its main parts, Figure 5 is a system block diagram of a microcomputer, and Figure 6 is a diagram of a microcomputer. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention using a computer. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Pitch input means, 2...First code conversion means, 3...Tone length input means, 4...Second code conversion means, 5...Tone length code temporary storage means, 6...
...repetitive input means, 7... third code conversion means,
8... Score memory, 9... R/W control means, 10
... Repetitive storage control means, 11 ... Address setting device,
12... Repetitive operation device, 21... Memory address storage section.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 pitch input means for specifying the pitch and rest of a musical tone; first code conversion means for converting the pitch and rest specified by the pitch input means into a predetermined code signal; a second code conversion means for converting the length of the musical note specified by the note length input means into a predetermined code signal; and repeat label specification 1, 2, 3, . . . a repetition input means for inputting a repetition symbol for specifying a jump;
third code conversion means for converting the repetition symbol specified by the repetition input means into a predetermined code signal;
a musical score memory for storing information on the output of the second code converting means, information on the output of the first code converting means, and information on the output of the third code converting means; and a musical score memory having a predetermined address of the musical score memory. and a repetitive motion device that performs a repetitive motion, and when programming a musical score, the repetition order is defined as repetition label 1, 2, 3, etc., and the repetition content is specified by repetition label designation, When specifying a jump specification and inputting a repeat destination, enter only a repeat label specification and store the score memory address data in the repeat operation device, and when inputting a repeat instruction, enter a jump specification and a repeat label specification. During automatic performance, each time the repetition label and jump designation signal corresponding to the repetition order from the score memory are input to the repetition operation device, the repetition destination address data of the score memory corresponding to the repetition label is sent from the repetition operation device to the address setting device. A method for driving a programmable automatic performance device, characterized in that the programmable automatic performance device is configured to reset the settings and update the repetition order.