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JPS6327401B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6327401B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6327401B2
JPS6327401B2 JP55166406A JP16640680A JPS6327401B2 JP S6327401 B2 JPS6327401 B2 JP S6327401B2 JP 55166406 A JP55166406 A JP 55166406A JP 16640680 A JP16640680 A JP 16640680A JP S6327401 B2 JPS6327401 B2 JP S6327401B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
powder
mixed
lubricant
stearic acid
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP55166406A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5789402A (en
Inventor
Shuji Matsumoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Original Assignee
Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP55166406A priority Critical patent/JPS5789402A/en
Publication of JPS5789402A publication Critical patent/JPS5789402A/en
Publication of JPS6327401B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6327401B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は粉末冶金法において複数種の粉末と潤
滑剤を混合する混合方法に関する。 焼結品の製造工程において粉末成形体を成形す
るためには、焼結品を構成するところの互いに成
分、粒径が異なる複数種の粉末を混合し、この混
合粉末をプレスの型に入れて加圧し所定形状の粉
末成形体に成形している。また、一般には粉末の
摩擦を小さくして粉末成形体の密度を均一にし、
型と粉末との潤滑を図り型の寿命を高めるなどの
目的で、粉末にステアリン酸系潤滑剤などの潤滑
剤を添加して混合している。 しかして、従来複数種の粉末と潤滑剤とを混合
するためには、複数種の粉末と潤滑剤とを一緒に
まとめて混合機に入れ一度に混合するようにして
いる。しかしながら、この混合方法では添潤剤が
粉末全体に良好に拡散されず粉末粒子に充分付着
しないので、潤滑剤は粉末粒子同士を結合するバ
インダとしての作用は果せず粒子同士の結合が弱
い。このため、混合終了後に混合粉末を運搬する
場合や、混合粉末をスクリユウコンベアに入れて
プレスの型に充填する場合などに、混合粉末に対
して往復動力や振動力が加わると、粉末粒子は結
合が弱いことから容易に分離し、各種類の粉末が
その比重差や粒径の大きさに応じて種類毎に個別
にまとまるので、偏析を生じて混合状態が不良と
なり易い欠点がある。混合状態が不良な混合粉末
を用いると、粉末成形体の密度や強度が低下する
ことになる。 本発明は前記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、潤
滑剤がバインダとして粉末粒子を良好に結合し、
偏析が生じないように良好に複数種の粉末と潤滑
剤を混合できる混合方法を提供するものである。 本発明による混合方法は、互いに異なる複数種
の粉末を各々個別にステアリン酸系潤滑剤と混合
し、これら個別に混合された各粉末とステアリン
酸系潤滑剤との混合物を一緒にまとめて混合する
ことを特徴とするものである。 本発明方法においては、焼結品を構成する組成
に応じて互いに成分が異なる複数種の金属粉末A
粉、B粉、C粉…を組成に応じた割合で用意し、
これらの金属粉末に添加混合するステアリン酸系
潤滑剤を用意する。各粉末の粒度は粉末条件に応
じて各々設定される。 そして、各粉末A粉、B粉、C粉…を各々個別
に所定割合の潤滑剤と組合せてA粉とステアリン
酸系潤滑剤、B粉とステアリン酸系潤滑剤、C粉
とステアリン酸系潤滑剤…とし、これら各粉末と
ステアリン酸系潤滑剤を組合せたもの毎に各々個
別に混合機により混合して、A粉とステアリン酸
系潤滑剤の混合物、B粉とステアリン酸系潤滑剤
の混合物、C粉とステアリン酸系潤滑剤の混合物
…を各々個別に得る。この混合では各粉末を種類
別に区分して個別にステアリン酸系潤滑剤と混合
するために、粉末は同一種類で少量となるから、
ステアリン酸系潤滑剤が粉末全体に良好に拡散混
合して各粉末粒子の周囲に充分付着する。このた
め、各粉末粒子は周囲に充分付着したステアリン
酸系潤滑剤を介して各々互いに良好に接着するこ
とになる。 次に、A粉とステアリン酸系潤滑剤、B粉とス
テアリン酸系潤滑剤、C粉とステアリン酸系潤滑
剤…の各混合物を所定の割合で一緒にまとめて混
合機により一度に混合する。この混合により各粉
末A粉、B粉、C粉…は各々互いに拡散混合し、
各粉末の粉末粒子が他の異なる粉末粒子と拡散混
合して互いにステアリン酸系接着剤を介して各々
接着する。この場合、粉末粒子は前段の混合によ
りステアリン酸系潤滑剤が周囲に充分付着してい
るので、互いに種類の異なる各粉末の粉末粒子が
拡散混合した状態にて充分なステアリン酸系接着
剤を介して各々互いに良好に接着する。すなわ
ち、ステアリン酸系潤滑剤は充分にバインダの作
用をなして粉末粒子同士を良好に接着させる。 従つて、この混合により粉末粒子が良好に接着
してA粉、B粉、C粉…が混合した混合粉末が得
られる。この混合粉末は運搬する場合やスクリユ
ウコンベヤによりプレスの型に充填する場合など
に、外部から往復動力や振動が加わつても、粉末
粒子が互いに分離せず結合した状態を保持でき
る。このため、混合粉末は、各粉末の比重差や粒
径差に応じてまとまる偏析を生じることがなく、
良好な混合状態を保持できる。 そして、得られた混合粉末をプレスの型に入れ
て加圧すると、各粉末が良好に混合され且つステ
アリン酸系潤滑剤が粉末粒子間で良好に潤滑を行
なうので、均一な密度と充分な強度をもつた圧粉
成形体を成形できる。 本発明は焼結部品の製造工程において、複数種
の粉末と潤滑剤とを混合する場合に広く適用で
き、各粉末の成分種類、混合割合は特定されな
い。本発明は比重が大きく異なる複数の粉末を潤
滑剤と混合する場合、例えば鉄粉と黒鉛粉、鉄粉
と炭化物粉、鉄粉とMo粉を混合する場合に有効
である。粒径が大きく異なる複数種の粉末を潤滑
剤と混合する場合、例えば金属間化合物粉末(コ
バルト、モリブデンなどを成分とし且つ結晶核と
表面素地とからなるもの)と、他の窒化物粉末、
ガラス粉末などの粉末を混合する場合にも効果的
である。 粉末に添加混合するステアリン酸系潤滑剤はス
テアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸リチウムなどがあ
り、その添合割合は成形条件に応じて決める。 [実施例] 組成が重量比で96.2Fewt%,3Cuwt%,
0.8Cwt%で、これに潤滑剤としてステアリン酸
亜鉛を添加した混合粉末を作成し、この粉末で直
径90mm、厚さ20mmのポンプ用羽根車の成形体を成
形する。 本発明例として、鉄粉末(粒度80μ)、銅粉末
(粒度20μ)、黒鉛粉末(粒度3μ)を各々ステアリ
ン酸亜鉛と組合せて、Vミキサーにより40分間個
別に混合した。次に、これらの各混合物を一緒に
まとめてVミキサーにより40分間で一度に混合し
て混合粉末を得た。この混合粉末はステアリン酸
亜鉛により各粉末粒子が良好に結合しており、ス
クリユウコンベヤに入れてプレスに運搬し、シユ
ーによりプレスの型に充填する過程で何ら偏析が
生じなかつた。プレスでは成形圧5t/cm2を加えて
寸法がφ90×20tである粉末成形体を成形したが、
この粉末成形体は密度が均一で欠けもなく良好な
ものであつた。 また、比較例Aとして前記の各粉末とステアリ
ン酸亜鉛を一緒にまとめてVミキサーにより40分
間一度に混合して混合粉末を得た。そして、この
混合粉末をプレスまで運搬して型に充填する過程
で、塊状となり偏析を生じた。この混合粉末によ
り同一条件で粉末成形体を成形したが、欠け部の
発生がみとめられた。 また、比較例BとしてFe粉のみをステアリン
酸亜鉛と混合し、他のCu粉、C粉をそのままに
して各粉末を混合して混合粉末を得た。そして、
この粉末をプレスまで運搬して型に充填する過程
で、塊状となり偏析を生じた。この混合粉末によ
り同一条件で粉末成形体を成形したが、欠け部の
発生がみとめられた。 さらに、前記した本発明例、比較例Aおよび比
較例Bにおいて夫々成形した成形体(羽根車)を
20個づつ対象にして直径(90mm)の寸法を測定し
た。この測定データを統計的手法により整理して
第1図で示す線図と第1表で示す表にまとめた。
The present invention relates to a mixing method for mixing multiple types of powder and lubricant in powder metallurgy. In order to mold a powder compact in the manufacturing process of sintered products, multiple types of powder with different components and particle sizes that make up the sintered product are mixed, and this mixed powder is put into a press mold. It is pressurized and molded into a powder compact of a predetermined shape. In addition, in general, the density of the powder compact is made uniform by reducing the friction of the powder.
A lubricant such as a stearic acid-based lubricant is added to the powder and mixed in order to lubricate the mold and powder and extend the life of the mold. Conventionally, in order to mix multiple types of powders and lubricants, the multiple types of powders and lubricants are put together in a mixer and mixed at once. However, in this mixing method, the lubricant is not well dispersed throughout the powder and does not adhere to the powder particles sufficiently, so the lubricant cannot function as a binder that binds the powder particles together, and the bonds between the particles are weak. For this reason, when reciprocating power or vibration force is applied to the mixed powder, such as when transporting the mixed powder after mixing, or when putting the mixed powder on a screw conveyor and filling it into a press mold, the powder particles will Since the bond is weak, it easily separates, and each type of powder is grouped individually depending on the difference in specific gravity and particle size, so it has the disadvantage that it tends to cause segregation and result in poor mixing conditions. If mixed powder is used in a poorly mixed state, the density and strength of the powder compact will be reduced. The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and the lubricant serves as a binder to bond powder particles well,
The object of the present invention is to provide a mixing method that can properly mix a plurality of types of powder and lubricant without causing segregation. In the mixing method according to the present invention, a plurality of different powders are individually mixed with a stearic acid lubricant, and the mixtures of the individually mixed powders and the stearic acid lubricant are mixed together. It is characterized by this. In the method of the present invention, multiple types of metal powder A having different components depending on the composition constituting the sintered product are used.
Prepare powder, B powder, C powder... in proportions according to the composition,
A stearic acid-based lubricant is prepared to be added to and mixed with these metal powders. The particle size of each powder is set depending on the powder conditions. Then, each powder A powder, B powder, C powder, etc. is individually combined with a lubricant at a predetermined ratio. A mixture of powder A and stearic acid lubricant and a mixture of powder B and stearic acid lubricant are obtained by mixing each combination of these powders and stearic acid lubricant separately in a mixer. , a mixture of powder C and a stearic acid lubricant, etc., are obtained separately. In this mixing, each powder is classified by type and mixed with the stearic acid-based lubricant individually, so the powder is of the same type and in a small amount.
The stearic acid-based lubricant is well diffused and mixed throughout the powder and is sufficiently adhered to the periphery of each powder particle. Therefore, each powder particle adheres well to each other through the stearic acid lubricant sufficiently adhered to the periphery. Next, mixtures of powder A and a stearic acid-based lubricant, powder B and a stearic acid-based lubricant, powder C and a stearic acid-based lubricant, etc. are combined in predetermined proportions and mixed all at once using a mixer. Through this mixing, the powders A, B, C, etc. are diffused and mixed with each other,
Powder particles of each powder are diffused and mixed with other different powder particles and adhered to each other via a stearic acid adhesive. In this case, the stearic acid-based lubricant has sufficiently adhered to the surroundings of the powder particles due to the mixing in the previous stage, so the powder particles of different types of powders are diffused and mixed, and the stearic acid-based lubricant is sufficiently attached to the powder particles. and each adheres well to each other. That is, the stearic acid-based lubricant sufficiently acts as a binder and adheres the powder particles well. Therefore, by this mixing, the powder particles adhere well and a mixed powder in which powder A, powder B, powder C, etc. are mixed can be obtained. When this mixed powder is transported or filled into a press mold using a screw conveyor, even if reciprocating power or vibration is applied from the outside, the powder particles do not separate from each other and can maintain a bonded state. For this reason, the mixed powder does not cause segregation due to the difference in specific gravity or particle size of each powder.
A good mixing state can be maintained. When the obtained mixed powder is put into a press mold and pressurized, each powder is mixed well and the stearic acid lubricant provides good lubrication between the powder particles, resulting in uniform density and sufficient strength. It is possible to form a powder compact with The present invention can be widely applied to mixing multiple types of powders and lubricants in the manufacturing process of sintered parts, and the component type and mixing ratio of each powder are not specified. The present invention is effective when mixing a plurality of powders with significantly different specific gravities with a lubricant, for example, when mixing iron powder and graphite powder, iron powder and carbide powder, or iron powder and Mo powder. When mixing multiple types of powders with greatly different particle sizes with a lubricant, for example, intermetallic compound powder (composed of cobalt, molybdenum, etc., and consisting of crystal nuclei and surface matrix), other nitride powders,
It is also effective when mixing powders such as glass powder. Stearic acid-based lubricants that are added to the powder include zinc stearate, lithium stearate, and the like, and the proportion of these to be added is determined depending on the molding conditions. [Example] Composition is 96.2Fewt%, 3Cuwt%,
A mixed powder with a concentration of 0.8 Cwt% and zinc stearate added as a lubricant is created, and a molded body of a pump impeller with a diameter of 90 mm and a thickness of 20 mm is formed using this powder. As an example of the present invention, iron powder (particle size 80μ), copper powder (particle size 20μ), and graphite powder (particle size 3μ) were each combined with zinc stearate and mixed individually for 40 minutes in a V-mixer. Next, each of these mixtures was mixed together in a V-mixer for 40 minutes at a time to obtain a mixed powder. Each powder particle of this mixed powder was well bonded by zinc stearate, and no segregation occurred during the process of putting it into a screw conveyor, conveying it to a press, and filling it into a press mold with a shovel. In the press, a molding pressure of 5t/ cm2 was applied to form a powder compact with dimensions of φ90 x 20t.
This powder compact had a uniform density and was free from chipping. Further, as Comparative Example A, each of the above-mentioned powders and zinc stearate were mixed together for 40 minutes at a time using a V-mixer to obtain a mixed powder. Then, in the process of transporting this mixed powder to a press and filling it into a mold, it became lumpy and segregation occurred. A powder compact was molded using this mixed powder under the same conditions, but the occurrence of chipped portions was observed. Further, as Comparative Example B, a mixed powder was obtained by mixing only Fe powder with zinc stearate, leaving the other Cu powder and C powder as they were, and mixing each powder. and,
During the process of transporting this powder to a press and filling it into a mold, it became lumpy and segregation occurred. A powder compact was molded using this mixed powder under the same conditions, but the occurrence of chipped portions was observed. Furthermore, the molded bodies (impellers) formed in the above-mentioned examples of the present invention, comparative examples A and comparative examples B were
The diameter (90 mm) was measured for 20 pieces at a time. This measurement data was organized using statistical methods and summarized in the diagram shown in FIG. 1 and the table shown in Table 1.

【表】 この結果、第1図および第1表により本発明例
のものが比較例Aおよび比較例Bのものに比して
直径寸法の標準偏差およびバラツキが小さいこと
が判る。すなわち、本発明例の成形体は粉末粒子
が良好に接着しているので、寸法精度が高い。 しかし、比較例Aは勿論のことFe粉のみに潤
滑剤を混合した比較例Bにおいても粉末粒子が良
好に接着していないので寸法精度が低い。なお、
第1図中でσは標準偏差、0.15%はバラツキの絶
対値である。 しかして、粉末成形体は粉末粒子の接着の状態
が寸法精度に大きく影響する。この実施例に使用
している混合粉末の組成を体積比で表わすと、
Fe73%,Cu6.8%,C9%、ステアリン酸11.4%と
なる。このようにFe粉以外のCu粉とC粉が可成
り大きな体積比を占める混合粉末は、Fe粉のみ
に潤滑剤を混合しても粉末粒子を良好に接着でき
ない。これに対し本発明によれば各粉末に夫々潤
滑剤が拡散しているので、各粉末粒子を良好に接
着させることができる。 以上説明したように本発明の粉末と潤滑剤の混
合方法によれば、互いに異なる複数種の粉末を各
各個別にステアリン酸系潤滑剤と混合し、これら
個別に混合された各粉末とステアリン酸系潤滑剤
の混合物をまとめて混合するので、ステアリン酸
系潤滑剤を各粉末の粉末粒子に充分拡散混合して
各粉末粒子の周囲に充分付着し、この各粉末粒子
に付着したステアリン酸系潤滑剤を介して各粉末
粒子同士を良好に接着し、偏析の発生がない良好
な混合粉末を得ることができる。また、本発明は
従来から使用されているステアリン酸系潤滑剤を
利用することにより、特別に新しい潤滑剤を付加
することがないので経済的である。
[Table] As a result, it can be seen from FIG. 1 and Table 1 that the standard deviation and dispersion of the diameter dimensions of the inventive example are smaller than those of Comparative Example A and Comparative Example B. That is, the molded article of the present invention has high dimensional accuracy because the powder particles are well adhered to each other. However, not only Comparative Example A but also Comparative Example B in which only Fe powder was mixed with a lubricant had poor dimensional accuracy because the powder particles did not adhere well. In addition,
In Figure 1, σ is the standard deviation, and 0.15% is the absolute value of the variation. Therefore, the state of adhesion of the powder particles greatly influences the dimensional accuracy of the powder compact. The composition of the mixed powder used in this example is expressed as a volume ratio:
Fe73%, Cu6.8%, C9%, stearic acid 11.4%. As described above, in a mixed powder in which Cu powder other than Fe powder and C powder occupy a considerably large volume ratio, even if a lubricant is mixed only with Fe powder, the powder particles cannot be bonded well. On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the lubricant is diffused into each powder, each powder particle can be bonded well. As explained above, according to the powder and lubricant mixing method of the present invention, a plurality of different powders are individually mixed with a stearic acid-based lubricant, and each of these individually mixed powders is mixed with stearic acid. Since a mixture of lubricants based on stearic acid is mixed together, the stearic acid lubricant is sufficiently diffused and mixed into the powder particles of each powder, and the stearic acid lubricant is sufficiently attached to the periphery of each powder particle. By adhering the powder particles well to each other through the agent, it is possible to obtain a good mixed powder free from segregation. Further, the present invention is economical because it uses a stearic acid-based lubricant that has been used conventionally, and there is no need to add a new lubricant.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図は混合粉末により成形した粉末成形体の
寸法分布を示す線図である。
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the size distribution of a powder compact molded from a mixed powder.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 互いに異なる複数種の粉末を各々個別にステ
アリン酸系潤滑剤と混合し、これら個別に混合さ
れた各粉末とステアリン酸系潤滑剤の混合物をま
とめて混合することを特徴とする粉末と潤滑剤の
混合方法。
1 Powder and lubricant characterized in that a plurality of different powders are individually mixed with a stearic acid lubricant, and a mixture of each of these individually mixed powders and a stearic acid lubricant is mixed together. mixing method.
JP55166406A 1980-11-26 1980-11-26 Mixing method of powder and lubricant Granted JPS5789402A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55166406A JPS5789402A (en) 1980-11-26 1980-11-26 Mixing method of powder and lubricant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP55166406A JPS5789402A (en) 1980-11-26 1980-11-26 Mixing method of powder and lubricant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5789402A JPS5789402A (en) 1982-06-03
JPS6327401B2 true JPS6327401B2 (en) 1988-06-02

Family

ID=15830823

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP55166406A Granted JPS5789402A (en) 1980-11-26 1980-11-26 Mixing method of powder and lubricant

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CN105945275A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-21 同济大学 High-performance powder metallurgy lubricant

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JPS5828321B2 (en) * 1977-08-16 1983-06-15 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Homogeneous mixing method of raw material powder for powder metallurgy

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105945275A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-21 同济大学 High-performance powder metallurgy lubricant

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