JPS632998B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a diesel light oil composition, and more particularly to a diesel light oil composition that produces less particulate matter and has excellent storage stability. [Background of the Invention] Currently, regarding the exhaust gas of diesel engines in Japan, the emissions of HC, CO, NO, and black smoke are regulated. In contrast, in the United States, small diesel engines are regulated based on the exhaust weight of particulate matter instead. Note that particulate matter is particulates contained in exhaust gas, and its constituent components are hydrocarbon components with a relatively high boiling point that are generated by the partial combustion of carbon particles and fuel, so there are no measures to reduce particulate matter. At the same time, it is also important in relation to measures to reduce black smoke and HC concentration. As a measure to reduce particulate matter, a method is currently being devised to collect particulate matter by installing a ceramic filter in the middle of the exhaust pipe. However, this method has the disadvantage that particulate accumulates in the filter as the filter continues to operate, resulting in increased back pressure. In addition, devices are being developed that automatically burn this accumulated soot using catalysts or burners, but the control mechanism is extremely difficult, and the resulting weight increase and
There are problems such as rising costs. Therefore, there has been a need for an easy and inexpensive method for reducing particulate matter. The present inventors focused on measures to reduce particulate matter, and as a result of repeated research to invent a method for reducing particulate matter that is easy and inexpensive, the inventors first discovered that a specific polyoxyethylene compound was required to be added to light oil. It has been discovered that particulate matter in exhaust gas can be significantly reduced by using the additive as a diesel engine fuel (Patent Application No. 107836/1983)
JP-A No. 60-250091>). However, subsequent research revealed that although a diesel light oil composition in which the polyoxyethylene compound was added to diesel light oil was extremely effective in reducing particulate matter in exhaust gas, there were some problems with its storage stability. It has been found that when things are stored for a long period of time, sludge is generated in some cases. Therefore, the present inventors improved the above-mentioned invention and conducted repeated research to develop a diesel light oil composition that has an excellent effect of reducing particulate matter in exhaust gas and also has excellent storage stability. The inventors have discovered that an excellent diesel light oil composition can be obtained by using the above amide compound in combination, and have completed the present invention. [Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a diesel light oil composition that produces less particulate matter in exhaust gas and has excellent storage stability. [Structure of the Invention] The present invention provides: 1. For 100 parts by weight of diesel light oil, (A) general formula [In the formula, R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and X is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula (-CH ₂ CH ₂ O)- _b H,
Also, when X=H, a is an integer from 2 to 15, and X=(-
CH ₂ CH ₂ O) − _b When H, a and b are a+b=
Each represents a positive integer from 2 to 15] Polyoxyethylene compound represented by 0.01
~2.0 parts by weight, and (B) general formula [In the formula, R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ may be the same or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom or an acyl group having 12 to 30 carbon atoms, and at least one of R ₂ to _{R 4} is an acyl group. R ₅ is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and c is an alkylene group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
] 0.05 to 0.05 of component (A)
The present invention provides a diesel light oil composition in which 2.0 times by weight is added as an essential component. The contents of the present invention will be explained in more detail below. [Light oil of the present invention] Diesel light oil as used in the present invention is a petroleum fraction used as a fuel for diesel engines, and has a boiling point range of approximately 180 to 380°C, and is compliant with JIS
Typical examples include No. 1 to No. 3 diesel oil specified in K2204. (Polyoxyethylene compound of the present invention) The polyoxyethylene compound of component (A) in the present invention has the general formula It is a compound represented by In the formula, R ₁ is the number of carbon atoms
12-18 alkyl group or _alkenyl group, X is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula ( _-CH2C2O ) _-bH , and when X=H, a is an integer of 2-15,
When X=(-CH ₂ CH ₂ O)- _b H, a and b are a+b
Each shows a positive integer between =2 and 15. That is, the polyoxyethylene compound as used in the present invention includes compounds represented by the following two general formulas. (1) R ₁ -NH(-CH ₂ CH ₂ O) - _a H [In formula (1), R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and a is an integer of 2 to 15, respectively. show. ) (2) [In formula (2), R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and a and B are a+b=2
-15 respectively] In formulas (1) and (2) above, the alkyl group and alkenyl group represented by R ₁ include, for example, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, Pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, octadecyl group, dodecenyl group, tetradecenyl group, hexadecenyl group, octadecenyl group, dodecadienyl group, hexadecadienyl group, octadecadienyl group, octadecatrienyl group, octadecatetraenyl group etc. (Amide compound of the present invention) The amide compound of component (B) in the present invention has the general formula It is a compound represented by In the formula, R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ may be the same or different, and each has a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 12 to 30, preferably 16 to 22
represents an acyl group, and at least one, more preferably at least two of R ₂ to _{R 4} are acyl groups. In addition, R ₅ is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms,
c indicates a number from 2 to 7, respectively. The acyl group represented by R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ above is the general formula

[Formula] (in the formula, R ₆ represents an alkyl group or an alkenyl group having 11 to 29 carbon atoms, preferably 15 to 21 carbon atoms), and the preferable acyl group is, for example, hexyl group. Examples include decanoyl group (palmitoyl group), heptadecanoyl group, octadecanoyl group (stearoyl group), nonadecanoyl group, eicosanoyl group, heneicosanoyl group, docosanoyl group, octadecenoyl group (oleoyl group). On the other hand, specific examples of the alkylene group represented by R ₅ include ethylene group, propylene group, trimethylene group, butylene group, methyltrimethylene group, and tetramethylene group. The amide compound that is component (B) of the present invention may be a mixture, and is usually obtained by amidating the amino group of a polyalkylene polyamine with a fatty acid. Preferred polyalkylene polyamines include, for example, diethylene triamine,
triethylenetetraamine, tetraethylenepentamine, tetrapropylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, hexaethyleneheptamine,
Examples include hexabutyleneheptamine, heptaethyleneoctamine and mixtures thereof, and triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and mixtures thereof are more preferred.
On the other hand, preferred fatty acids include hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), heptadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid (stearic acid), nonadecanoic acid, eicosanoic acid, heneicosanoic acid, docosanoic acid, octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), and mixtures thereof. . Further, the ratio of polyalkylene polyamine and fatty acid in the amidation reaction is 1 mol or more, preferably 2 mol or more of fatty acid per 1 mol of polyalkylene polyamine, and is up to the molar equivalent of the nitrogen atom in the polyalkylene polyamine. (Amount of components (A) and (B) added to diesel light oil) In the present invention, the amount of the polyoxyethylene compound (A) added is 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of diesel light oil. It is 0.05 to 0.5 part by weight. If the amount added is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the effect of reducing particulate in the exhaust gas of diesel engines will not be much achieved;
If the amount exceeds 2.0 parts by weight, it is not preferable because the effect corresponding to the added amount cannot be obtained and the cost will increase. On the other hand, the amount of the amide compound (B) added is 0.05 to 0.05 of the amount added of the polyoxyethylene compound (A).
2.0 times by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 times by weight. (B)
If the amount of component added is less than 0.05 times the weight of component (A), the effect of improving storage stability will not be obtained much, whereas if the amount of component (B) added exceeds 2.0 times the weight of component (A). The effect is not commensurate with the amount added,
This is not desirable because it leads to increased costs. (Diesel light oil composition of the present invention) In the diesel light oil composition of the present invention, the polyoxyethylene compound as component (A) and the amide compound as component (B) may be added to diesel light oil in any manner. Each component may be added to diesel light oil separately, or both components may be mixed in advance and optionally diluted with a small amount of kerosene, diesel light oil, aromatic solvent, etc. to form an additive concentrate. The additive may then be added to diesel light oil in the form of a concentrate. A diesel engine which has the effect of reducing particulate matter in exhaust gas of a diesel engine and has excellent storage stability by adding a specific amount of a specific polyoxyethylene compound and a specific amide compound to light oil according to the present invention. At this time, known fuel additives such as cetane number improvers, antioxidants, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors, etc. may be added as necessary. . For details on these known additives, see "Petroleum Product Additives" edited by Toshio Sakurai.
(Saiwai Shobo) etc. [Effects and Advantages of the Present Invention] Furthermore, according to the present invention, by using a composition in which a specific amount of a specific polyoxyethylene compound and a specific amide compound are added to light oil as a fuel for a diesel engine, ordinary light oil can be used as a fuel. The amount of particulate matter in the exhaust gas of a diesel engine can be significantly reduced compared to when used as a diesel engine. At the same time, it also has the effect of reducing emissions of carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust gas. [Example] Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments in any way unless the gist of the invention changes. Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Predetermined amounts of (A) polyoxyethylene compound and (B) amide compound shown in Table 1 were added to diesel light oil (boiling point 180 to 350°C) to produce diesel light oil of the present invention. Compositions were obtained (Examples 1 to 6). This composition was subjected to the following particulate formation test and storage stability test to evaluate its performance, and the results are also listed in Table 1. (Particulate formation test) Combustion chamber type: vortex chamber, nozzle type: throttle type, engine with displacement of 2200 c.c., vehicle speed 50 km /
After driving 1000km under flat road conditions,
Federal Register Vol45, No.45 (March5, 1980)
Exhaust gas was passed through the filter for 5 minutes according to the method described in 40 CFR PART 86, and the particulate hydrate was collected. After this filter was kept at constant temperature (25° C.) and constant humidity (60%) for 18 hours, the weight was measured using a microbalance, and the weight was determined by subtracting the weight of the filter. (Storage stability test) Collect 100ml of the diesel light oil composition in a test tube,
After sealing with a cork and leaving it in a dark place for two months, the weight of the produced sludge was measured. For comparison, the cases in which neither (A) nor (B) components are added (Comparative Example 1), the cases in which (B) component is not added (Comparative Examples 2 and 3), and the cases in which (A) component is not added (Comparative Example Similar performance evaluation was performed for 4),
The results are also shown in Table 1.

【table】

[Table] From the results in Table 1, the diesel light oil compositions of the present invention (Examples 1 to 6) have a higher concentration in exhaust gas than the case where components (A) and (B) are not added (Comparative Example 1). The amount of patty ylate was reduced, and the storage stability was significantly improved compared to the case where only component (A) was added (Comparative Examples 2 and 3), which clearly shows its superiority.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. For 100 parts by weight of diesel light oil, (A) General formula [In the formula, R ₁ is an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, X is a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula (-CH ₂ CH ₂ O)- _b H, and
When = H, a is an integer from 2 to 15, and X = (-
CH ₂ CH ₂ O) - _b When H, a and b are a+b=2
Each shows a positive integer that is ~15] A polyoxyethylene compound represented by 0.01 ~
2.0 parts by weight, and (B) general formula [In the formula, R ₂ , R ₃ and R ₄ may be the same or different, and each has a hydrogen atom or a carbon number of 12
~30 acyl groups, and at least one of R ₂ to R ₄ is an acyl group, and R ₅ has 2 carbon atoms.
~4 alkylene group, and c represents a number of 2 to 7, respectively. ] The amide compound represented by 0.05~
A diesel light oil composition with 2.0 times the weight added as an essential component.