JPS6330242B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention makes it possible to prevent waste from freezing and adhering to the inner walls of transport pipes, which is expected when a pneumatic transport system for municipal waste is adopted in a cold region. This invention relates to a pneumatic transportation device for municipal waste.

[Conventional technology] In the conventional pneumatic transportation system for municipal waste,
As shown in Figure 1, the outline of a municipal waste pneumatic transport system that has transport pipes installed in a public ditch is as shown in Figure 1. The underground transport pipe 3 is connected to the underground transport pipe 3 via a discharge valve 4, and the line is switched from each underground transport pipe 3 to a common trench transport pipe 7 arranged in a common trench 5 having ventilation ports 6 at several locations. Connected via a valve 8, the common channel transport pipe 7 is led to a collection station 9. The collection station 9 consists of a separation device that separates and discharges the municipal waste that has been transported with air, and an exhaust device that provides the air volume and wind pressure necessary to transport the municipal waste, and serves as a primary separator. cyclone 1
0, a storage and discharge device 11, a bag filter 12 as a dust collector, a deodorizing device 13, and an air pipe 14.
, a collection air source (blower) 15 having switching valves 16 and 17 , an atmosphere intake valve 18 , an atmosphere intake silencer 19 , and a discharge side air pipe 20 of the air source 15
and a discharge silencer 21, and the bag filter 12 and the storage/discharge device 11 are connected through a dust screw conveyor 22.

Therefore, urban waste collection operations are carried out as follows. That is, after the garbage input and stored in the garbage storage facility 1 passes through the discharge valve 4 provided for discharging the garbage into the transportation pipe and falls into the air flow inside the underground transportation pipe 3, The waste flows together with the air flow through the line switching valve 8 and the common ditch transport pipe 7 and is led to the cyclone 10 in the collection station 9, where it is separated from the air and collected and stored in the storage and discharge device 11. On the other hand, the air separated from dust by the cyclone 10 is further separated into fine dust by a bag filter 12. The air from which the fine dust has been separated is supplied to the air source 15.
The air is sucked in by the drive of the air pipe 14, passes through the deodorizing device 13, the air source 15, and is discharged into the atmosphere via the air pipe 20 and discharge silencer 21. Further, when the air source 15 is started, when the transportation line switching valve 8 is switched, the atmosphere is sucked in through the atmosphere intake silencer 19 and the atmosphere intake valve 18.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] A conventional pneumatic transportation device for municipal waste having the above-mentioned configuration and operation can be used at temperatures ranging from, for example, -10°C to -40°C.
If the system is installed in a cold region where the temperature drops to around 30°F (degrees Celsius) and pneumatic transport of waste is carried out, there is a problem that the waste may freeze and adhere to the inside of the transport pipe due to the drop in outside air temperature and the intake of cold air, especially during the severe winter season. becomes.

That is, when waste is transported with the inner wall temperature of the transport pipe cooled to below freezing point, the waste containing moisture comes into contact with the cooled inner wall of the pipe and freezes and adheres thereto. This adhered dust forms an uneven surface on the inner wall surface of the pipe, which increases the coefficient of frictional resistance of the pipe due to air flow, resulting in an increase in transportation pressure and power consumption.

Temperature changes in transport pipes differ depending on the installation method of the transport pipes. There are two installation methods: one is to corrode the outside surface of the transport pipe and bury it directly underground, and the other is to install it in a common trench along with other utility pipes.

Temperature changes in pipes in the case of underground pipes In the case of underground pipes, they are generally buried at a certain depth (2 to 3 m) above the freezing depth, and are not directly affected by the outside temperature when the transportation system is stopped. While the system is stopped (from the end of the previous day's operation to the start of the next day's operation), it is affected by the underground temperature (+°C side), and the temperature is almost the same as the underground temperature.
Next, when the collection and transportation operation is started, the ventilation of outside air (cold air) gradually cools down from the intake valve 2 side, and the temperature of the transportation pipe toward the collection station 9 decreases from t ₁ °C to t ₂ °C (t ₁ < t ₂ ).

t ₁ ℃ and t ₂ ℃ are the initial temperature of the pipeline before the start of transportation (≒ underground temperature), the length of the equipment pipeline and the position of the inlet port,
Depending on the transportation time, etc., the temperature may be negative or positive.

Temperature changes in transport pipes installed in the common ditch Because people come in and out of the common ditch for maintenance, natural ventilation is always provided through the ventilation opening 6 to avoid oxygen deficiency. Therefore, the transport pipe 7 installed here is considered to be exposed to the outside air, and is directly affected by the outside air temperature regardless of whether the garbage collection operation is in progress or stopped. Even if a heat insulating material is installed on the outer surface of the transport pipe 7 to prevent the influence of outside air in the common ditch, cooling of the transport pipe will only proceed due to ventilation of outside air (cold air) into the transport pipe from the intake port during collection and transport operation. The inflow of heat from the outside is blocked, and the system is cooled by ventilation each time the collection and transportation operation is performed.

As mentioned above, for underground pipes, the temperature inside the pipe is determined by the equipment conditions (pipe length, etc.), transportation operation time, etc., and there is heat input from underground, so it is generally Although it cannot be said that the pipes are cooled to below freezing, as mentioned above, there is no exchange of underground heat with transport pipes installed in public ditches, and if the outside temperature falls below freezing, the pipes will be cooled and the pipes will be cooled down. The problem is that the waste freezes and sticks, increasing transportation pressure and power consumption.

The present invention solves the problem of waste freezing and adhering to the transport pipes, which may occur when the above-mentioned conventional pneumatic transport equipment for municipal waste is installed in a cold region. This was done to stabilize the system by preventing debris from freezing and adhering to the inner walls of the transport pipes in the common ditch, which are in poor condition compared to other times. It is designed to heat the transport pipe in the common ditch by blowing it into the tank.

[Means for solving the problems] The present invention has a transport pipe installed in a common ditch,
The collected garbage is collected and transported to the collection station along with the air flow inside the transportation pipe.
In a municipal waste pneumatic transport device that discharges air separated from garbage into the atmosphere from the discharge side of a collection air source in a collection station, the air pipe connected to the discharge side of the collection air source is It is characterized by having an opening guided into the groove so that the exhaust air from the collection air source can be sent into the common groove.

[Operation] When performing freezing prevention, the exhaust air from the collection air source is guided into the common gutter through the air pipe, and the heat of the exhaust heats the common gutter.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 shows an example of an embodiment according to the present invention, in which a pneumatic transportation system for municipal waste has the same configuration as the conventional system shown in FIG. A common groove heating air pipe 23 is connected to the middle of the common groove heating air pipe 2.
3 is inserted into the common groove 5 by branching it into a plurality of pipes, attaching a flow rate adjustment valve 24 to the end of each branch pipe, and setting the insertion position of each branch pipe to the middle position between the common groove ventilation ports 6 and 6. , ensuring that the exhaust air from the collecting air source 15 does not immediately flow out of the common ditch vent 6. Further, the above-mentioned common groove heating air pipe 23 and air pipe 20 are provided with a switching valve 2 for switching whether to guide the exhaust gas from the collecting air source 15 to the atmosphere side or to the common groove 5 side.
5 and 26 respectively, and a transport pipe 7 in the common trench.
Temperature detectors 27 for transport pipes in the common ditch were installed at several locations, and outside air thermometers 28 were installed at appropriate locations, and the control equipment 2 installed inside the collection station 9 was installed.
The temperature detector 27 and thermometer 28 are connected to 9 to enable temperature monitoring. Furthermore, a deodorizing device 13 is installed in the air pipe 14 in the collection station 9.
A pipe that bypasses the air suction section is provided with a bypass valve 30 in the middle, and maintenance switching valves 31 and 32 are provided on the inlet and outlet sides of the deodorizing device 13.

In addition to being able to carry out general municipal waste collection and transportation operation, the above-described embodiment can also carry out the following heating operation of the transport pipe 7 in the public ditch.

The heating operation of the transport pipe 7 in the common ditch can be carried out in two ways: when it is carried out while the collection and transport operation is stopped, and when it is carried out during the collection and transport operation.

() When carried out while garbage collection and transport is stopped: Open the atmospheric intake valve 18, close the deodorizing equipment maintenance switching valve 32 and bypass valve 30,
The switching valves 16 and 17 belonging to the plurality of air sources 15 or one air source 15 to be used are opened, and the switching valve 2 is opened.
5 is opened, 26 is closed, and the required number of air sources 15 are driven. At this time, the exhaust gas temperature on the discharge side of the air source 15 can be adjusted by adjusting the magnitude of the load resistance on the suction side, that is, the opening degree of the atmospheric air intake valve 18, assuming that the temperature on the suction side (atmosphere) is constant.

The air sucked in through the atmosphere suction silencer 19 is heated in an adiabatic compression stroke by the air source 15, and is led to the common groove heating air pipe 23 through the discharge silencer 21 to uniformly heat the inside of the common groove. It is branched into a plurality of branch pipes each having a flow rate regulating valve 24 with a preset opening degree to heat the inside of the common groove 5 from several locations at the same time. Although not shown, since the exhaust gas heated by the air source 15 passes through, the piping and equipment are heat-insulated to prevent heat dissipation. As a result, the inside of the common trench 5 is heated by the exhaust heat from the air source 15, and the transport pipe 7 in the common trench is warmed from the outside, increasing the temperature inside the pipe, and the garbage frozen and adhering to the pipe wall is removed. , it melts and collects at the bottom of the tube. Next, the garbage in the communal ditch transport pipe 7 is collected and transported together with air to the collection station 9 using a collection operation method.

In the above operation, when heating the outside of the communal ditch transportation pipe 7 while the collection and transportation operation is stopped, the outside air temperature detected by the thermometer 28 decreases before the scheduled time when the collection operation is performed. When the temperature of the transport pipe 7 in the common trench falls below the freezing point (-t°C), the above-mentioned heating operation is performed in conjunction with the transport pipe temperature detector 27, and the temperature is increased to the set temperature + t ₂ °C (optional). Warm up and stop heating operation. In other words, the temperature of the transport pipe 7 in the common trench is always maintained at (-t ₁ °C to +t ₂ °C)
(−t ₁ °C and +t ₂ °C can be set arbitrarily).
Alternatively, the outside air temperature and the temperature of the transport pipe in the public trench at a certain time are detected by the thermometer 28 and the temperature detector 27 of the transport pipe in the public trench, respectively, and the temperature is set to an arbitrary temperature + t°C.
The control device 29 (built-in microcomputer, etc.) calculates the required time T for the heating operation necessary to heat the transport pipe 7 in the common ditch until (collection operation set time - temperature detection time) ≒ required heating time When the conditions for time T are met, the heating operation is performed. The above-mentioned heating time T is determined by providing system specification conditions such as the outside air temperature, the measured value of the initial temperature of the transport pipe in the common trench, the length of the transport pipe in the common trench, the material, the number of drive blowers (total power), etc. It is calculated as follows.

() When carrying out heating operation in parallel with collection and transportation operation The operation of collecting and transporting the garbage in waste storage facility 1 itself is the same as the conventional method. The difference is in the opening and closing operations of the switching valves 25 and 26, and when the heating operation is also used, the switching pieces 25 and 26 are set to an appropriate opening so that the required amount of exhaust air from the air source 15 flows to the common groove heating air pipe 23. Set. As a result, when garbage input and stored in a certain garbage storage facility 1 according to a predetermined program is transported through the underground transport pipe 3, the communal ditch 5
Since the inside is heated, even if the garbage passing through the inside of the transport pipe 7 contains moisture, it is collected and transported to the collection station 9 without freezing and adhering to the inner wall of the transport pipe 7.

In this case, when collection operation and heating operation are used together, if the amount of waste transported from waste storage facility 1 increases and power is required to reach the original rated value of pneumatic transport power, additional power may be required. There is a possibility of overloading only the discharge pressure required for warm operation. In order to avoid this, there is a method of planning the capacity of the air source 15 in advance as the power (rated) for collection and transportation operation + the power required for heating operation, and the method of planning the capacity of the air source 15 as the power (rated) for collection and transportation operation + the power required for heating operation, and the method of planning the capacity of the air source 15 as shown in FIG. An air source (blower) 33 having a discharge pressure necessary for heating operation and switching valves 34, 35 are installed in the middle of the heating operation, and a pipe 36 is provided to bypass these.
A switching valve 37 is provided in the middle of the collection air source 1.
The exhaust air from No. 5 is boosted with a separate air source and sent to the common ditch No. 5.
It was designed to be pushed inward.

According to the example shown in FIG. 3 above, when the collection operation and heating operation are used together, it is effective because the air source 33 can cover the discharge pressure necessary for the heating operation, and the collection operation is stopped in () above. In the case of the heating operation during the heating operation, the above operation () is also possible by using the bypass pipe 36.

In addition, in the case of the combination of collection operation and heating operation described in () above, when the temperature of the transport pipe 7 in the communal ditch reaches the set lower limit temperature due to a drop in outside air temperature during the garbage collection operation, the communal ditch Inner transport pipe temperature detector 27
The heating operation is operated in conjunction with the above, and the heating operation is stopped at the upper limit temperature setting. Although the heating operation has been described as automatic operation in conjunction with a temperature detector, it can also be operated manually.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the device of the present invention utilizes the air on the discharge side of the air source as a heat source for heating the transport pipe, which is necessary to prevent the freezing of waste passing through the pipe in the common ditch. However, since this is blown into the common groove, the following excellent effects can be achieved.

(i) It is possible to prevent garbage from freezing inside the common ditch transportation pipeline, improving the reliability of this device in cold regions.

(ii) By preventing waste from freezing and adhering in the pipes, an increase in transport pressure can be prevented, and transport power will not increase.

(iii) The exhaust heat of the air source can be used effectively, and power consumption can be reduced.

(iv) System construction costs can be reduced by reusing transportation equipment and heating equipment.

(v) Forced ventilation in the common ditch helps prevent oxygen deficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a flow sheet showing an outline of a conventional pneumatic transportation device for municipal waste, FIG. 2 is a flow sheet showing an example of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram of another example of the device of the present invention. 1... Garbage storage facility, 3... Underground transport pipe,
5... Common ditch, 7... Transport pipe in the common ditch, 9... Collection station, 15... Collection air source, 23...
...Common groove heating air pipe, 24...Flow rate adjustment valve, 2
7... Common trench transport pipe temperature detector, 28... Thermometer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 It has a transport pipe installed in a common ditch, and collects and transports the waste input and stored in the waste storage facility to the collection station along with the air flow inside the transport pipe, and uses the air separated from the waste as a collection air source in the collection station. In a pneumatic transportation device for municipal waste, which is configured to discharge into the atmosphere from the discharge side of the collection air source, an air pipe connected to the discharge side of the collection air source is guided into the common ditch and opened. A pneumatic transportation device for municipal waste, characterized in that it is configured to send the exhaust gas into a common ditch.