JPS6335553B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a winding drum type bucket cart operating device for lifting and lowering a grab bucket cart by winding and unwinding a rope using a winding drum to perform excavation work such as dredging or cargo handling work.

Examples of this type of bucket work equipment include grab dredgers and clamshells.One example of this is the grab dredger shown in Figs. A jib G for suspending a multi-rope type grab bucket tote B is attached to the machine base F so that it can be raised and lowered freely, and two drum shafts 3 and 4 are installed in parallel on the machine base F, and one On the shaft 3 there is a winding drum 1 for the opening/closing rope R ₁ and on the other shaft 4 there is a winding drum 2 for the support rope R ₂ in such a way that they can be rotated together with the shaft or separately by actuation of a hand clutch 5 or 6. These drums 1,
A prime mover 7 such as an engine is disposed on the side of 2, and this prime mover 7 includes a torque converter 8a connected to its drive shaft, a winding reduction mechanism 8b interlocked from its output shaft, and a series of gears. It is linked to the winding drums 1 and 2 through a transmission device 8 consisting of a speed reduction mechanism 8c, and the power of the prime mover 7 is changed to a torque corresponding to the load applied to the winding drums 1 and 2 by engagement of a clutch in a torque converter 8a. is converted into speed and winding drum 1 or 2
It is now being transmitted to Then, the opening/closing rope R ₁ is wound around the winding drums 1 and 2.
Alternatively, the supporting ropes _R2 are connected to required locations on the grab bucket cart B via sheaves on the jib G, respectively.

Thus, during work, six processes are performed: grasping the shell of the grab bucket B, hoisting the actual bucket, turning, releasing, reverse rotation, and lowering the empty bucket, but only the opening/closing rope _R1 is used in the grasping and releasing processes. During the turning process, neither rope R ₁ nor R ₂ is operated, and during the process of hoisting the actual bucket cart and lowering the empty bucket cart, the band clutches 5 and 6 are connected to each drum 1. , 2 and rotate both ropes R ₁ ,
R ₂ is simultaneously wound up or rewound (unwound) at a synchronized speed.

By the way, in the process of lowering the empty bucket,
The output of the prime mover 7 is adjusted by the torque converter 8a so that the torque applied to the turbine blades of the torque converter 8a by the weight of the grab bucket B is greater than the stall torque corresponding to the output rotation speed of the prime mover, and the turbine blades are reversed. At the same time, the winding drums 1 and 2 are reversed, and the ropes R ₁ and R ₂ are let out by the weight of the bucket B. In this case, the pump blades and the turbine blades are moved in opposite directions within the torque converter 8a. It's rotating and there's a lot of fluid friction.

This fluid friction acts as a brake to prevent the grab bucket B from falling rapidly due to its own weight, and absorbs the potential energy released when the grab bucket B descends as frictional heat.

However, the reality is that this type of bucket work equipment wastes the frictional heat mentioned above into the atmosphere and cooling water, and from the perspective of recent energy conservation, the bucket work equipment
It is desirable to store the potential energy released during descent in some way and use it effectively.

By the way, the first possible way to use it is to store the above-mentioned frictional heat as thermal energy, but using this form of stored energy for mechanical work requires complex energy conversion means and is not efficient. However, it is not preferred as an energy storage means for this type of bucket work equipment.

It is also possible to use a flywheel to store the energy of mechanical movement, but in this case there is an advantage that the stored energy can be easily used as the rotational force of the winding drum, but on the other hand, if the energy is stored The more the flyhole is rotated, the faster the rotational speed of the flyhole becomes, which is dangerous and difficult to handle.
Since the period during which it can be stored and stored is short, it is not preferred as an energy storage means for bucket work equipment.

On the other hand, when storing electrical energy,
Although energy can be stored in a static state and is easy to use as rotational power, it is desirable, but it requires expensive power generation equipment, storage equipment, and motors, which is a cost disadvantage. It is unsuitable in a harsh working environment.

This invention was devised in view of the above circumstances, and the potential energy released when the work bucket descends due to its own weight is efficiently collected and stored in the form of fluid pressure energy without wasting it. The purpose is to provide a winding drum type bucket work device that can be easily used for mechanical work, and the winding drum is connected to the prime mover via a transmission device consisting of a torque converter and a reduction mechanism. , in a winding drum-type bucket belt working device in which a club bucket is connected to the tip of a rope that is hoisted up when the winding drum rotates in the forward direction and is let out when the winding drum rotates in the reverse direction. A power storage device consisting of a hydraulically actuated member and an accumulator connected to the hydraulically actuated member by a hydraulic circuit having a switching valve is disposed between the torque converter and the winding drum, and prevents reverse rotation of the winding drum caused by lowering of the grab bucket. It is characterized in that rotational force is converted into static energy and stored, and the stored energy is converted into rotational energy and released when the grab bucket cart is hoisted.

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively utilize the energy released when the work bucket is lowered, which helps in energy saving and significantly reduces the operating cost of the apparatus.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. In Fig. 3, F is the aircraft platform, and as mentioned above, the hull S (or vehicle body)
Two drum shafts 3 and 4 are installed in parallel on this machine F, and one drum shaft 1 has a winding drum for the opening/closing rope _R1. 1, on the other shaft 4 a winding drum 2 for a supporting rope R ₂ is supported so as to rotate together with the shaft or separately by the operation of a band clutch 5 or 6, and these drums 1,
A prime mover 7 such as an engine is disposed on the side of the engine 2, and this prime mover 7 includes a torque converter 8a connected to its drive shaft, a winding reduction mechanism 8b linked to its output shaft, and a series of gear reduction gears. The power of the prime mover 7 is linked by a transmission device 8 consisting of a mechanism 8c, and by engagement of a clutch in a torque converter 8a, the power of the prime mover 7 is converted into torque and speed corresponding to the load applied to the winding drums 1, 2.
It is designed to be transmitted to

Further, the opening/closing rope R ₁ or the supporting rope R ₂ wound around the winding drums 1 and 2 is connected to a required location on the grab bucket cart B via a sheave on the jib G.

By the way, in this invention, the output shaft of the torque converter 8a is equipped with a constant output variable displacement axial plunger type that can be used also as a hydraulic motor via a coupling 9 (the coupling 9 may be a clutch type that can be freely engaged and disengaged). A pump 10 is connected to the pump 10, and one discharge port of the pump 10 is connected to a hydraulic circuit _l1 leading to an electromagnetic switching valve 13, and the switching valve 13 is connected to circuits l2, l leading to an oil tank ₁₂ and an accumulator 11. ₃ are connected and also
An oil tank 12 is provided at the other outlet of the pump 10.
A circuit _L4 is connected to the accumulator ₁₁ via a circuit _L5 having a pump 14 for adjusting the oil amount and a check valve 15 in the middle.
l Connected to ₃ .

However, this circuit _l5 is for adjusting the oil amount and is not necessarily necessary.

As mentioned above, under the above-mentioned configuration, six steps are performed during the work: grasping the bucket tossiel, hoisting it, turning it, discharging it, reverse rotation, and lowering the empty bucket. During the entire process of the work cycle, the prime mover 7 continues to operate,
Although the input of the torque converter 8a is adjusted as necessary, its output always acts on the output shaft of the torque converter 8a to rotate in the direction of arrow X in FIG. 4, that is, to rotate in the forward direction. Therefore, the pump 10 connected to the output shaft via the coupling 9 also normally rotates in the X direction.

Therefore, if the electromagnetic switching valve 13 in the hydraulic circuit is placed in a state where circuits _l1 and _l2 are connected as shown in Fig. 4A,
Oil circulates from tank 12 → circuit l ₂ → switching valve 13 → pump 10 → circuit l ₄ → oil tank 12, and does not flow to the accumulator 11 side.

And in this state, grab the bucket Toshiel,
The work of rotating the machine base F and discharging the contents of the bucket is carried out.

When lowering the empty bucket, switch the switching valve 13 as shown in Figure 4B to connect the circuit _l1 to the circuit _l3 and adjust the outputs of the prime mover 7 and torque converter 8a to be smaller as described above. do.

If the empty grab bucket B is lowered in this state, its own weight will wind the ropes R ₁ and R ₂ around the drum 1,
The winding drums 1 and 2 are rotated in the opposite direction. The reverse rotation of the winding drums 1 and 2 is increased in speed and transmitted to the output shaft of the torque converter 8a via the gear reduction mechanism 8c and the winding reduction mechanism 8b.

Therefore, the output shaft of the torque converter 8a is reversely rotated in the direction of arrow Y, the pump 10 is also reversely rotated, and the oil is transferred from the oil tank 12 → circuit l ₄ → pump 10 → circuit l ₁ → switching valve 13 → circuit l ₃ → The oil flows to the accumulator 11, and high-pressure oil is stored in the accumulator 11 as static energy.

FIG. 4C shows the state of the hydraulic circuit during the hoisting process of an actual bucket.The switching valve 13 is placed in the same set position as in _FIG.
l ₃ are connected.

In this work step, the output shaft of the torque converter 8a is rotated in the direction of arrow X, that is, rotated forward, in order to hoist the real bucket tot, but since the real bucket tot is heavy, it is necessary to apply a large torque to the output shaft.

Therefore, in this case, normally it is necessary to increase the output of the prime mover, but in this case, the high pressure oil accumulated in the accumulator 11 during the lowering process of the empty bucket is transferred from the accumulator 11 → circuit l ₃ → switching valve 13 → The flow is as follows: circuit l ₁ → pump 10 → circuit l ₄ → oil tank 12, the pump 10 is used as a hydraulic motor to rotate in the X direction, and forward torque is applied to the output shaft of the torque converter 8a. The output of the prime mover 7 can be reduced by the amount of torque.

In this case, a trial calculation of how specifically the output of the prime mover 7 can be saved is as follows.

The weight of the grab bucket B is B _W , the speed increasing ratio of the transmission mechanism that transmits the reverse rotational force of the winding drum to the output shaft of the torque converter 8a is i, the transmission efficiency of the transmission mechanism is η _n , and the diameter of the winding drum is D. , B _W = 20t (t = tons) i = 40.55 η _n = 0.8 D = 0.828m, then the reverse rotation torque T _A transmitted to the output shaft of the torque converter 8a is T _A = B _W・i・η _n ×D/2=163.4Kgm,
Of these, the braking torque of the torque converter 8a
If T _B is set as T _B = 10 Kgm from the performance curve, T _A − T _B = 153.4 Kgm will act on the pump 10, but the effective torque driving the pump 10 will be
If we look at the margin of 10%, T = 0.9 (T _A - T _B ) = 153.4 Kgm x 0.9 = 137.06 Kgm ≒ 140 Kgm, and the pump 10 can be driven with a torque of approximately 140 Kgm, and it can easily pump high-pressure oil. It is possible to accumulate in the accumulator 11.

In this way, pressure is applied to the accumulator 11.
High pressure oil of P ₁ is accumulated, which is pumped to pump 10.
When supplied to , the pressure decreases.

That is, when the pressure P ₁ of the high-pressure oil stored in the accumulator 11 is 210 Kg/cm ² and the displacement per rotation of the pump 10 is 470 c.c./rev,
When high pressure oil is sent to the pump 10 and operated as a motor, the lowest pressure P of the high pressure oil is P = 168
Kg/ ^cm2 .

Therefore, it is assumed that the pump 10 is operated with pressure oil of P=168Kg/cm ² , the torque generated by the pump 10 as a motor is T _M , its efficiency is η _v , and η _v
= 0.97, then T _M =q・P・η _v /2π≒12100Kgcm≒121Kgm.

The hoisting speed of a real bucket bag is V, and V=50m/
minutes, the rotation speed N _P of the output shaft of the pump 10 is
N _P =V・i/πD≒780 rpm.

Therefore, when the torque T _M is converted into work (horsepower), it becomes W _P =131.6PS, and if the efficiency of the torque converter 8α is η _T and η _T =0.8, then the output W _P of the torque converter 8α is W _Z converted into the output of the prime mover is W _Z = W/η _T = 164.5PS.

By the way, the weight of the grab bucket after grabbing the earth and sand is about 30 tons, and the power required to hoist it up at a speed of 50 m/min is the prime mover output W _E =
Since it is 521PS, W _Z /W _E =0.316≒30%, and the output of the prime mover 7 in the process of hoisting the actual bucket can be saved by about 30%.

According to the embodiment described above, the speed of the winding drums 1 and 2, which rotate in reverse as the grab bucket cart B descends due to its own weight, is reduced by the speed reduction mechanisms 8c and 8 of the transmission device 8.
(b) is transmitted in the opposite direction, so the reverse rotational speed of the winding drums 1 and 2 is increased and transmitted.

Therefore, the pump 10 can rotate several tens of times while the winding drums 1 and 2 rotate once.
Even without making the pump 10 so large, the positional energy released by the grab bucket B can be efficiently stored in the accumulator 11 as fluid pressure energy. In addition, since the speed increasing mechanism for increasing and transmitting the reverse rotational speed of the winding drums 1 and 2 to the pump 10 is used as the decelerating mechanism of the transmission device 8, there is no need to provide a separate speed increasing mechanism. This simplifies the configuration and reduces costs.

Although the present invention has been described above based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit thereof. For example, it can be applied to bucket work equipment other than dredging, and the bucket can be of a single rope type with one winding drum.
Hydraulic pumps do not have to be combined with hydraulic motors.
They may be provided separately. Further, the hydraulic pump may be directly connected to the winding drum shaft without being connected to the output shaft of the torque converter, or may be connected to the winding drum via a separately provided speed increasing mechanism.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a winding drum type bucket work device in a conventional grab dredger. Figure 2 is a plan view of the machine base. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the embodiment of the present invention showing the relationship between the bucket work mechanism and the energy storage device. FIGS. 4A to 4C are explanatory diagrams each showing the operating state of the energy storage device. In the figure, 1, 2... winding drum, 3, 4... drum shaft, 5, 6... band clutch, 7... prime mover,
8...Transmission device, 8a...Torque converter, 8
b, 8c...Reduction mechanism, 10...Hydraulic pump, 1
1... Accumulator, 13... Switching valve, R ₁ ...
… Opening/closing rope, R ₂ … Support rope, B… Grab bucket.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A winding drum is connected to a prime mover via a transmission device having a torque converter and a speed reduction mechanism, and a grab bucket belt is attached to the tip of a rope that is wound up when the winding drum rotates in the forward direction and is let out when it rotates in the reverse direction. In a winding drum type bucket work device in which A force device is disposed between the torque converter and the winding drum, converts the reverse rotational force of the winding drum caused by the lowering of the grab bucket cart into static energy, stores it, and uses the stored energy when hoisting the grab bucket cart. A winding drum type bucket work device characterized by converting into rotational energy and releasing it. 2. The winding drum type bucket cart working device according to claim 1, wherein the reverse rotational speed of the winding drum is increased by a rotation speed increasing mechanism and transmitted to the hydraulically actuated member of the energy storage device. . 3. The winding drum type bucket cart working device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotation speed increasing mechanism during reverse rotation of the winding drum is a deceleration mechanism of the transmission device. 4. The winding drum type bucket work device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydraulic operating member is a hydraulic pump that also serves as a hydraulic motor.