JPS6336784B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a ventricular shunt used in surgery for hydrocephalus, etc., and particularly to a ventricular shunt that can switch the flow rate.

[Conventional technology]

In general, a ventricular shunt consists of a tubular ventricular catheter inserted into the ventricles of the brain, and a tubular peritoneal catheter connected to this via a relay chamber such as a reservoir or a pump chamber.

A check valve that can be pushed open by the hydraulic pressure of fluid discharged from the ventricle is provided inside the relay chamber, and the flow rate is regulated by this check valve.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

By the way, during hydrocephalus surgery, etc., it may be necessary to adjust the regulated flow rate using the aforementioned check valve, but in the conventional ventricular shunt, the regulated flow rate is fixed by a single check valve. However, there is a problem in that the relay chamber, which is attached to the patient's head, must be replaced with one that has a check valve of another standard.

The present invention aims to solve these problems and provides a flow rate switching type ventricle that allows the flow rate to be changed by a simple operation without replacing the relay chamber attached to the patient. The purpose is to provide a syntactic.

[Means for solving problems]

For this reason, the flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of the present invention is
In a ventricular shunt that includes a ventricular catheter inserted into the ventricle, a relay chamber made of a soft wall connected to the ventricular catheter, and a peritoneal catheter connected to the relay chamber, the inside of the relay chamber is A partition wall is provided that partitions an upstream compartment chamber communicating with the ventricular catheter and a downstream compartment chamber communicating with the peritoneal catheter, and the partition wall includes a plurality of check valves that can be pushed open by hydraulic pressure from the upstream side. and a circular valve seat disposed in each flow path to the plurality of check valves in the upstream compartment, and a circular valve seat that engages with the valve seat to operate any of the plurality of check valves. The relay chamber is characterized by being provided with a single movable sphere enclosed so as to be movable in response to a driving force from outside the relay chamber in order to selectively close the relay chamber.

[Effect]

In the above-described flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of the present invention,
A plurality of check valves in the relay chamber are selectively opened and closed by moving the movable sphere by squeezing the wall of the relay chamber from the outside with a finger or the like, thereby switching the flow rate.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 to 5 show a flow rate switching type ventricular shunt as an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 1 shows the ventricular shunt with its upper wall removed. A plan view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing the moving state of the movable sphere.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a relay chamber 1 made of a soft wall made of silicone resin, etc. is a small chamber-shaped reservoir 1.
A and a valve chamber 1b that communicates with the reservoir 1a, and a tubular ventricular catheter 2 inserted into the patient's ventricle is connected to the reservoir 1a.

Further, the relay chamber 1 is connected to the peritoneal catheter 3, and is provided with a partition wall 1c that partitions the inside of the relay chamber 1 into an upstream compartment A and a downstream compartment B,
The upstream compartment A communicates with the ventricular catheter 2, and the downstream compartment B communicates with the peritoneal catheter 3.

Then, fluid discharged from the patient's ventricle passes through the ventricular catheter 2, passes through the reservoir 1a, and then passes through the valve ventricle 1b.
A first check valve 4 (see FIGS. 1 and 4) and a second check valve 5, each of which can be pushed open by the hydraulic pressure of the discharged liquid when it flows into the upstream compartment A of They are provided on the partition wall 1c at each left and right overhanging portion of the valve chamber 1b.

The first check valve 4 has a larger regulated flow rate than the second check valve 5, and in this embodiment, each check valve 4, 5 is configured as a single slit type check valve. However, these may be changed to a cross-slit type, a spring-equipped type, or a membrane type.

In the upstream compartment A, the partition wall 1c has circular valve seats 4a and 5a surrounding each check valve 4 and 5, respectively.
A single movable sphere 6 capable of selectively closing each check valve 4, 5 by engaging with either one of the valve seats 4a, 5a is provided from the outside of the soft wall of the valve chamber 1b. It is enclosed within the upstream compartment A so that it can move in response to driving force from a finger or the like.

Further, at an intermediate portion between the first check valve 4 and the second check valve 5, a circular seat 7 for seating the movable sphere 6 is formed on the surface of the partition wall 1c in the upstream compartment A. There is.

When the movable sphere 6 is seated on each valve seat 4a, 5a or the circular seat 7, the position of the movable sphere 6 is maintained by being held between the soft wall of the valve chamber 1b. .

Further, between the reservoir 1a and the circular seat 7, a sphere holding part 8 is provided as a valve seat, which is formed on the soft wall of the upstream compartment A and the partition wall 1c. By pushing the movable sphere 6, the reservoir 1
The flow of liquid from A to each check valve 4, 5 in the upstream compartment A of the valve chamber 1b is blocked.

The movable sphere 6 may be made of plastic or metal, but it may also be a metal sphere coated with silicone resin. In the case of a plastic movable sphere, it is desirable to mix a contrast medium into the plastic material so that the position of the movable sphere 6 can be confirmed by X-ray photography as in the case of a metal movable sphere.

With the above-described configuration, in the ventricular shunt of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, when the movable sphere 6 is seated on the circular seat 7, it is passed from the patient's ventricle through the ventricular catheter 2 to the reservoir 1a. The discharge liquid flowing into the valve chamber 1b enters the upstream compartment A, passes through the two check valves 4 and 5, and enters the downstream compartment B.

The drained fluid in this downstream compartment B further passes through the peritoneal catheter 3 and flows into the patient's peritoneal cavity.

In this way, the fluid discharged from the ventricle can flow at the maximum flow rate as the sum of the respective regulated flow rates of the two check valves 4 and 5.

Next, if you want to make the flow rate medium, all you have to do is seat the movable sphere 6 on the valve seat 5a in the flow path to the second check valve 5 and close the check valve 5. The liquid can flow only through the first check valve 4, which has a relatively large regulated flow rate.

If you want to further reduce the flow rate, as shown in FIG. This allows the discharge liquid to flow only through the second check valve 5, which has a relatively small regulated flow rate.

As mentioned above, in this embodiment, the first check valve 4 and the second check valve 5 have different regulated flow rates, so the two check valves 4 and 5 provide three levels of flow rate. Flow rate switching is performed, but even if both check valves 4 and 5 have the same regulated flow rate, flow rate switching is performed in two stages: when flowing only to one of them, and when flowing to both. be able to.

In addition, if it is desired to stop the outflow of the drained fluid via the ventricular shunt, the movable sphere 6 may be guided to the sphere holding part 8 to close the flow path from the reservoir 1a to the valve chamber 1b.

Further, by using three check valves and providing mutually different regulated flow rates, it is possible to switch the flow rate in four stages.

Further, in this embodiment, circular valve seats 4a and 5a for selectively closing the check valves 4 and 5 are provided to surround the check valves 4 and 5, respectively. Instead of loci 4a and 5a,
A circular valve seat that forms a portion similar to the holding portion 8 may be provided in the middle of the path of the movable sphere 6 from the circular seat 7 to each of the check valves 4 and 5.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As detailed above, according to the flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of the present invention, the interior of the soft-walled relay chamber that connects the ventricular catheter and the peritoneal catheter communicates with the ventricular catheter through the partition wall. It is partitioned into an upstream compartment and a downstream compartment that communicates with the peritoneal catheter, and the partition wall is provided with a plurality of check valves that can be pushed open by hydraulic pressure from the upstream side, and the upstream compartment is , a circular valve seat disposed in each flow path to the plurality of check valves, and the relay chamber for selectively closing any of the plurality of check valves by engaging with the circular valve seat. It has a simple structure that includes a single movable sphere that is enclosed so that it can move when receiving a driving force from the outside, making it extremely easy and safe to switch the flow rate, which was previously considered difficult. It has the advantage of

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show a flow rate switching type ventricular shunt as an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a plan view with the upper wall removed, and FIG.
3 is a sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 1...Relay room, 1a...Reservoir, 1b...Valve chamber, 1
c... septum, 2... ventricular catheter, 3... peritoneal catheter, 4... first check valve, 5... second check valve, 4
a, 5a... circular valve seat, 6... movable sphere, 7... circular seat,
8... Holding part, A... Upstream compartment, B... Downstream compartment.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a ventricular shunt comprising a ventricular catheter inserted into the ventricle, a relay chamber made of a soft wall connected to the ventricular catheter, and a peritoneal catheter connected to the relay chamber , a partition wall partitioning the interior of the relay chamber into an upstream compartment communicating with the ventricular catheter and a downstream compartment communicating with the peritoneal catheter; a circular valve seat disposed in each flow path to the plurality of check valves in the upstream compartment;
a single movable sphere enclosed so as to be movable in response to a driving force from outside the relay chamber to engage the valve seat and selectively close any one of the plurality of check valves; A flow rate switching type ventricular shunt characterized by being provided with. 2. The plurality of check valves are configured to have mutually different regulated flow rates,
A flow rate switching type ventricular shunt according to claim 1. 3. Claims 1 or 3, characterized in that the upstream compartment of the relay chamber is provided with a circular seat for seating the movable sphere in a position that does not block the check valve. Flow rate switching type ventricular shunt according to item 2. 4. In the upstream compartment of the relay chamber, a holding part capable of blocking all flow to the check valve by holding the movable sphere is provided on the upstream side of the check valve. A flow rate switching type ventricular shunt according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: