JPS6358587B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a ventricular shunt used in surgery for hydrocephalus, etc., and particularly to a ventricular shunt that can switch the flow rate.

[Conventional technology]

In general, a ventricular shunt consists of a tubular ventricular catheter inserted into the ventricles of the brain, and a tubular peritoneal catheter connected to this via a relay chamber such as a reservoir or a pump chamber.

A check valve that can be pushed open by the hydraulic pressure of fluid discharged from the ventricle is provided inside the relay chamber, and the flow rate is regulated by this check valve.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

By the way, during hydrocephalus surgery, etc., it may be necessary to adjust the regulated flow rate using the aforementioned check valve, but in the conventional ventricular shunt, the regulated flow rate is fixed by a single check valve. However, there is a problem in that the relay chamber, which is attached to the patient's head, must be replaced with one that has a check valve of another standard.

The present invention aims to solve these problems and provides a flow rate switching type ventricle that allows the flow rate to be changed by a simple operation without replacing the relay chamber attached to the patient. The purpose is to provide a syntactic.

[Means for solving problems]

For this reason, the flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of the present invention is
In a ventricular shunt that includes a ventricular catheter inserted into the ventricle, a relay chamber made of a soft wall connected to the ventricular catheter, and a peritoneal catheter connected to the relay chamber, the inside of the relay chamber is A partition wall is provided that partitions an upstream compartment chamber communicating with the ventricular catheter and a downstream compartment chamber communicating with the peritoneal catheter, and the partition wall includes a plurality of check valves that can be pushed open by hydraulic pressure from the upstream side. A circular valve seat is provided at a position spaced apart from the reference position in a V-shape in the radial direction, and is arranged in each flow path to the plurality of check valves in the upstream compartment; and a movable sphere made of a magnetic material sealed so as to be movable in response to magnetic force from outside the relay chamber in order to selectively close any one of the plurality of check valves. It is characterized by

[Effect]

In the above-described flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of the present invention,
A plurality of check valves in the relay room are driven by the magnetic force of electromagnets from outside the relay room to move the movable spheres from the reference position in the radial direction.
It is selectively opened and closed, thereby switching the flow rate.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 and 2 show a flow rate switching type ventricular shunt as an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 1 shows the ventricular shunt with its upper wall removed. The plan view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view with the upper wall of the electromagnetic box used for switching the flow rate of the ventricular shunt removed.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a relay chamber 1 made of a soft wall made of silicone resin, etc. is a small chamber-shaped reservoir 1.
A and a valve chamber 1b that communicates with the reservoir 1a, and a tubular ventricular catheter 2 inserted into the patient's ventricle is connected to the reservoir 1a.

Further, the relay chamber 1 is connected to the peritoneal catheter 3, and is provided with a partition wall 1c that partitions the inside of the relay chamber 1 into an upstream compartment A and a downstream compartment B,
The upstream compartment A communicates with the ventricular catheter 2, and the downstream compartment B communicates with the peritoneal catheter 3.

Then, fluid discharged from the patient's ventricle passes through the ventricular catheter 2, passes through the reservoir 1a, and then passes through the valve ventricle 1b.
When the discharge liquid flows into the upstream compartment A, the first
The check valve 4, the second check valve 5, and the third check valve 6 are arranged in a radial direction V from a reference position 7 in the valve chamber 1b.
They are provided on the partition wall 1c at spaced apart positions in the shape of a letter.

The first check valve 4 has a larger regulated flow rate than the second check valve 5, and the second check valve 5 has a larger regulated flow rate than the third check valve 6, In this embodiment, each of the check valves 4, 5, and 6 is configured as a single slit type check valve, but these may be of a cross slit type, a spring type, or a membrane type. You may also change it to .

In the upstream compartment A, the partition wall 1c has circular valve seats 4a surrounding each check valve 4, 5, 6, respectively.
5a, 6a are provided, and each valve seat 4a, 5a,
A movable sphere 8 made of a magnetic material that can selectively close each check valve 4, 5, 6 by engaging with one of the check valves 6a is movable by receiving magnetic force from an electromagnet from outside the valve chamber 1b. It is enclosed in the upstream compartment A.

Further, at the reference position 7, a circular seat 9 for seating the movable sphere 8 is formed on the surface of the partition wall 1c in the upstream compartment A.

When the movable sphere 8 is seated on each valve seat 4a, 5a, 6a or the circular seat 9, the position of the movable sphere 8 is held by being held between the soft wall of the valve chamber 1b. ing. In addition, flexible receiving plates 4b, 5b, 6b, and 13 for cushioningly receiving the movable sphere 8 that moves by magnetic force are integrated with the partition wall 1c in the vicinity of each valve seat 4a, 5a, and 6a, and the circular seat 9, respectively. It is installed protrudingly.

Further, between the reservoir 1a and the circular seat 9, a sphere holding part 10 is provided as a valve seat, which is formed on the soft wall of the upstream compartment A and the partition wall 1c. By pushing the second movable sphere 11 made of magnetic material with magnetic force, the valve 1b is removed from the reservoir 1a.
The flow of liquid toward each check valve 4, 5, 6 in the upstream compartment A is blocked.

Then, when keeping the holding part 10 in the open state, the second
A locking plate 12 for locking the movable sphere 11 of
Near the upstream side of the circular seat 9, it is provided on the partition wall 1c integrally with the receiving plate 13 of the movable sphere 8.

Although a magnetic material such as iron is used as the material for each movable sphere 8, 11, it is desirable that the surface of the metal sphere be coated with silicone resin or the like.

As shown in FIG. 3, the electromagnet box 20 is
A plurality of electromagnets 21, 22a, 22b, 23-25 for driving each movable sphere 8, 11 by magnetic force
When using this, the ventricular shunt relay chamber 1 is implanted under the skin of the patient's head.
The electromagnetic box 20 is fixed to the outside of the patient's head via a belt (not shown) along the patient's head.

And each electromagnet 21, 22a, 22b, 23
-25 are each receiving plate 4b, 5b, 6 in relay room 1
b, 13, the locking plate 12, and the holding part 10, so as to be able to take a relative position as shown in FIG.

In addition, each electromagnet 21, 22a, 22b, 23-2
5 is selectively excited.
A wire harness connected to these electromagnets
It is connected to a DC power source via a switch on an operation panel (not shown).

Note that the bottom wall of the electromagnet box 20 is connected to the relay room 1.
A recess corresponding to the height is formed, so that the electromagnetic box 20 can be stably attached to the patient's head.

With the above-described configuration, the ventricular shunt of the present invention attracts the movable sphere 8 toward the receiving plate 13 by energizing only the pair of electromagnets 22a and 22b in the electromagnet box 20 of FIG.
A magnetic force is generated to attract the movable sphere 11 toward the locking plate 12, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the movable sphere 8 is seated on the circular seat 9, and the second movable sphere 11 is locked to the locking plate 12, the drain fluid flowing from the patient's ventricle through the ventricular catheter 2 to the reservoir 1a is transferred to the valve chamber 1b.
into the upstream compartment A of the three check valves 4,
5 and 6 and enters downstream compartment B.

The drained fluid in this downstream compartment B further passes through the peritoneal catheter 3 and flows into the patient's peritoneal cavity.

In this way, the fluid discharged from the ventricle can flow at the maximum flow rate as the sum of the regulated flow rates of the three check valves 4, 5, 6.

Next, when it is desired to reduce the flow rate slightly, by energizing only the electromagnet 25, the movable sphere 8 is attracted so as to be driven from the circular seat 9 toward the receiving plate 4b, and the flow to the third check valve 6 is reduced. A movable sphere 8 is attached to the valve seat 6a in the path.
It is sufficient to close the check valve 6 by closing the check valve 6, and as a result, the discharged liquid is discharged from the first valve, which has a large regulated flow rate.
The flow can only flow through the second check valve 4 and the second check valve 5, which has the next highest regulated flow rate.

Also, if you want to make the flow rate even smaller, use the electromagnet 2
After the movable sphere 8 is once returned from the valve seat 6a to the circular seat 9 by excitation of only 2a and 22b, the movable sphere 8 is seated on the valve seat 5a leading to the second check valve 5 by excitation of only the electromagnet 24. The check valve 5 may be closed by using the regulated flow rate, so that the discharged liquid flows only through the first check valve 4, which has the largest regulated flow rate, and the third check valve 6, which has the smallest regulated flow rate. be able to.

Additionally, if you want to minimize the flow rate, electromagnet 2
After the movable sphere 8 is once returned from the valve seat 5a to the circular seat 9 by excitation of only 2a and 22b, the movable sphere 8 is seated on the valve seat 4a leading to the first check valve 4 by excitation of only the electromagnet 23. Then, the check valve 4 can be closed, thereby allowing the drained liquid to flow at the minimum flow rate through only the second and minimum check valves 5 and 6 of the regulated flow rate.

In this way, in this embodiment, the magnetic material is inserted between the reference position 7 in the valve chamber 1 and the three check valves 4, 5, and 6 provided at positions apart from the reference position 7. Since the movable sphere 8 consisting of Switching control is performed, and the pain caused to the patient is reduced compared to when the movable sphere 8 is moved by squeezing the doctor's fingers.

Further, since the check valves 4 to 6 are spaced apart from each other in a V-shape in the radial direction from the reference position 7, the electromagnets 23 to 2 corresponding to the check valves 4 to 6 are
The switching control of the flow rate is performed while selectively connecting the electromagnets 23 to 25, and the movable sphere 8 is accurately driven by magnetic force, and the V-shaped arrangement relationship facilitates compact positioning of the electromagnets 23 to 25. Become.

In addition, if it is desired to stop the outflow of fluid through the ventricular shunt, the second movable sphere 11 is moved to the sphere holding part 10 by energizing only the electromagnet 21.
The flow path from the reservoir 1a to the valve chamber 1b may be closed.

As mentioned above, in this embodiment, three check valves 4-
Since 6 have mutually different regulated flow rates, 3
Four-stage flow rate switching is performed using the check valves 4, 5, and 6, but if two check valves are used and each has different regulated flow rates, three-stage flow rate switching can be performed. .

In addition, even if there are two check valves and each check valve has the same regulated flow rate, there are two cases: when the flow is allowed to flow to only one of them, and when it is allowed to flow to both.
Stepwise flow rate switching can be performed.

Further, in this embodiment, circular valve seats 4a, 5a, 6 for selectively closing each check valve 4, 5, 6 are provided.
a are provided to surround the check valves 4, 5, 6, respectively, but these circular valve seats 4a, 5
Instead of a, 6a, each check valve 4,
A circular valve seat may be provided midway along the path of the movable sphere 8 toward the spheres 5 and 6 to form a sphere holding portion.

According to the flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of this embodiment,
The structure is such that a movable sphere made of magnetic material is appropriately driven by external magnetic force between a reference position in the valve chamber and three check valves provided at positions separated from the reference position. The flow rate is controlled by the doctor moving the movable sphere to either the reference position or each check valve while manipulating the magnet, and the flow rate is controlled by switching the movable sphere to the patient, compared to when the doctor squeezes the movable sphere with his fingers. Pain is reduced.

Further, since the check valves are spaced apart from each other in a V-shape in the radial direction from the reference position, the flow rate switching control is performed while selectively operating the electromagnet corresponding to each check valve, In addition to accurately driving the movable sphere by magnetic force, there is also the advantage that compact positioning of each electromagnet is facilitated by the V-shaped arrangement.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As detailed above, according to the flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of the present invention, the interior of the soft-walled relay chamber that connects the ventricular catheter and the peritoneal catheter communicates with the ventricular catheter through the partition wall. It is partitioned into an upstream compartment and a downstream compartment that communicates with the peritoneal catheter, and the partition wall has a plurality of check valves that can be pushed open by hydraulic pressure from the upstream side and are located radially apart from a reference position. a circular valve seat disposed in each flow path to the plurality of check valves in the upstream compartment; The simple structure includes a movable sphere made of magnetic material sealed in such a way that it can move in response to magnetic force from outside the relay chamber in order to selectively block the flow rate, which was previously considered difficult. By driving and controlling the movable sphere using magnetic force, there is an advantage that the switching operation can be performed extremely easily and safely.

Further, according to the flow rate switching type ventricular shunt of the present invention, a movable sphere made of a magnetic material is connected between a reference position in the valve chamber and three check valves provided at positions separated from the reference position. is configured to be driven appropriately by external magnetic force, so the doctor can control the flow rate by moving the movable sphere to either the reference position or each check valve while operating the magnet, and the doctor can move the movable sphere to either the reference position or each check valve. The pain inflicted on the patient is reduced compared to when it is squeezed and moved with fingers.

Furthermore, since the check valves are spaced apart from each other in a V-shape in the radial direction from the reference position, the flow rate switching control is performed by selectively connecting the electromagnets corresponding to each check valve. This not only allows the movable sphere to be accurately driven by magnetic force, but also has the advantage that compact positioning of each electromagnet is facilitated by the V-shaped arrangement.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 show a flow rate switching type ventricular shunt as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a plan view of the ventricular shunt with its upper wall removed, and Figure 2 is the same as in Figure 1.
It is a sectional view taken in the direction of arrows, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the electromagnetic box used for switching the flow rate of the ventricular shunt with the upper wall removed. 1... Relay chamber, 1a... Reservoir, 1b... Valve chamber, 1c... Septum, 2... Ventricular catheter, 3...
...peritoneal catheter, 4...first check valve, 5...
Second check valve, 6...Third check valve, 4a, 5
a, 6a... circular valve seat, 4b, 5b, 6b... receiving plate, 7... reference position, 8... movable sphere, 9... circular seat, 10... holding part, 11... second movable sphere,
12... Locking plate, 13... Reception plate, 20... Electromagnet box, 21, 22a, 22b, 23-25...
...Electromagnet, A...upstream compartment, B...downstream compartment.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A ventricular shunt comprising a ventricular catheter inserted into the ventricle, a relay chamber made of a soft wall connected to the ventricular catheter, and a peritoneal catheter connected to the relay chamber. , a partition wall partitioning the interior of the relay chamber into an upstream compartment communicating with the ventricular catheter and a downstream compartment communicating with the peritoneal catheter; A plurality of check valves are provided at positions spaced apart in a V-shape in a radial direction from a reference position, and a circular valve seat is provided in each flow path to the plurality of check valves in the upstream compartment. and,
a movable sphere made of a magnetic material sealed so as to be movable in response to magnetic force from outside the relay chamber in order to engage the valve seat and selectively close any one of the plurality of check valves; A flow rate switching type ventricular shunt characterized by being provided with. 2. The plurality of check valves are configured to have mutually different regulated flow rates,
A flow rate switching type ventricular shunt according to claim 1. 3. Claim 1, characterized in that the upstream compartment of the relay chamber is provided with a circular seat for seating the movable sphere at the reference position that does not close the check valve. Or the flow rate switching type ventricular shunt according to item 2.