JPS6337012B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a jib disposed on a portal member, at the free end of which a vertical support member is provided for pivoting relative to the jib about a vertical pivot axis. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention Conveyor plant for bulk materials for loading and unloading large containers, in particular ships, in which the bulk materials are fed into and/or removed from large containers, suspended at the lower end of the carrier member.

A conveyor plant of this type for unloading ships is known from German Patent Publication No. 2813182. In the case of this conveyor plant, two separate conveyor belts are installed in a carrier member perpendicular to the jib, so that the carrier member can be pivoted relative to the jib to conveniently reach all points inside the ship. It's becoming like that. The bulk material resting on the conveyor belt in the carrier member must be transferred between the upper end of the carrier member and the outer end of the jib to another conveyor belt which carries it through the jib to the portal member. It is difficult to design the transfer point in such a way that the bulk material can be transferred neatly and completely in all relative positions of the carrier member to the jib. In addition, in this known conveyor plant, the conveyor belt in the carrier member is guided in an arc or C-shape together with the cover belt above the conveyor belt in the jib.
This causes the carrier member to protrude and become heavy.

In the case of other known conveyor belts (DE 1274987), which are similar in construction, a special intermediate conveyor belt is provided at the transfer point between the conveyor belt in the carrier member and the conveyor belt in the jib. There is. This reduces the dimensions of the carrier somewhat, but requires two transfer points.

Both known conveyor plants can transport material in only one direction due to the transfer points.
These conveyor plants are suitable only for ship unloading.

The object of the invention is to provide bulk materials with a jib and a vertical support member pivotable relative to the jib, which, despite its simple construction, is suitable both for unloading and loading large containers, in particular from ships. conveyor plant.

This problem arises from the fact that the carrier member is equipped with a laterally projecting transverse jib at its lower end, and that a conveyor belt is provided in the conveyor plant, with both belt sections extending from the portal member. extending through the jib and the carrier member to the free end of the transverse jib;
The conveyor belt has a laterally mounted corrugated edge and a driving element arranged laterally between the corrugated edges, and two guiding devices for the conveyor belt are arranged in the free position of the jib. The guide devices provided in the end section and the carrier member hold both belt sections of the conveyor belt in a respective plane, the upper guide device being attached to the jib and the lower guide device being attached to the upper guide device. The solution is that the conveyor belt is mounted on a carrier apart from the device and that the conveyor belt is not guided between the two guiding devices.

In the conveyor plant according to the invention, only one conveyor belt is provided which extends from the free end of the transverse jib to the portal. Therefore, any transfer points are unnecessary. Therefore, loading and unloading a ship, for example, can be carried out simply by reversing the rotation of the conveyor belt. Furthermore, this conveyor plant requires only one conveyor belt drive. This reduces structural costs and energy consumption during operation. Furthermore, the necessary scattering of bulk materials and dust do not occur at the transfer point. That is, this new conveyor plant does not degrade the environment. Despite the fact that one conveyor belt extends over the entire plant, an unavoidable pivoting of the transverse jib or rotation of the carrier relative to the jib is possible over virtually 360 degrees. This is achieved by means of a guiding device at the jib end and a guiding device on the supporting member located at a distance therefrom. Between the two guiding devices, the two belt sections of the conveyor belt run unguided. Therefore, when the carrier member and the lower guide device rotate relative to the jib and the upper guide device, both belt parts are twisted in the section between the two guide devices. This pivoting of the carrier element or the twisting of the conveyor belt, in which case the edges of the conveyor belt extend in a helical manner, takes place on each side by up to 180 degrees from the normal state. In this normal state, both guides are in the same angular position so that the belt sections of the conveyor belt do not twist between them. That is, both belt portions each extend in one plane. Both planes are usually parallel to each other. Theoretical studies have shown that the elongation of the edge region of the conveyor belt that occurs during twisting is suppressed. For example, the maximum amount of stretch in the edge area of a 1400 mm wide conveyor belt is:
less than 1.5 percent, or 21 mm. This value is suitable for an advantageous embodiment in which the vertical pivot axis of the carrier element passes approximately in the middle of each guide, in other words both belt parts extend vertically on either side of said pivot axis, and their edges extend along this pivot axis. This also applies to an advantageous embodiment in which the same distance is provided. Because the corrugated edges of the conveyor belt are connected to transverse entraining elements with an angular cross-section, the bulk material can be transported even on steep sections, i.e. in carrying elements and in steeply inclined jibs. It is transported without any problems. Furthermore, it is hardly necessary to cover the conveyor belt in the range of torsion.

From the above, it can be seen that both guide devices have the following problems. That is, the problem is to limit the twisting of the conveyor belt when the carrier rotates in the section between the two guide devices, and to extend the conveyor belt straight in the remaining section of the conveyor plant. For this purpose, it is very suitable and nevertheless simple to form each guide device so that each belt section of the conveyor belt is sandwiched between a short roller and a rear roller. In this case, only one back roller is sufficient. Both belt portions of the conveyor belt abut this back roller, so that both belt portions are separated from each other by the diameter of the back roller. Of course, some slippage will occur between the conveyor belt and the back roller. This is because the loaded belt section has a slightly different instantaneous velocity than the unloaded belt section due to the elongation of the conveyor belt. To prevent this slippage that leads to wear,
Two separate rear rollers are provided, or one of the rear rollers is provided with a soft rubber lining, possibly divided into individual discs.

The smaller the torsion of the conveyor belt, the greater the distance between the two guide devices. It is therefore advantageous to provide the lower guide device at the lower end of the carrier member. Twisting of the conveyor belt is also reduced by not connecting the entraining member of the conveyor belt with the conveyor belt in its central region. The entraining element acts only slightly counteracting the shear stresses that occur on the belt surface during twisting of the conveyor belt.

As mentioned above, if the conveyor belt is not guided between the guide devices, it is freed from the guide and the plane of the conveyor belt or the belt sections can be adjusted quite freely between the guide devices. In this case, it is desirable to limit or prevent the two belt parts from coming close to each other as a result of twisting, so that the back surfaces of the belt parts do not come into contact when rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to the normal state.
This takes place by means of at least one spacing device arranged between the two belt parts. Since this spacing device can freely rotate about a vertical axis of rotation, it does not interfere with the torsion of the conveyor belt over the entire length between the two guide devices. Each spacing device has 1 or 2
Advantageously, there are several rear rollers. Regarding the construction of this spacing device, the construction described above for the guide device applies here.

In another advantageous embodiment of the conveyor plant, the conveyor belt is guided on the portal in the form of a recessed belt loop which serves to compensate for the length. This belt loop is automatically adjusted to a constant belt tension, for example by means of weights or by hydraulic means. Thereby, even small length changes caused by twisting of the conveyor belt can be compensated for if the elongation of the conveyor belt is small. Additionally, length compensation can be achieved by uniformly adjusting the belt loops. This length compensation is necessary because when a normal jib that can pivot vertically pivots, the transition length between the portal and the jib or between the jib and the supporting member changes accordingly. It is. In conjunction with the coarse adjustment of the belt loop, the jib can be slid horizontally relative to the portal. this is,
Facilitates or allows access to difficult-to-reach locations inside the container to be loaded or unloaded.

By using a horizontal rotating ring that surrounds both belt sections of the conveyor belt, a structurally simple and compact suspension of the carrier elements on the jib is possible. Furthermore, if a self-supporting tube is used as the jib and the carrier element, and the rotary ring is connected to the tube of the jib on the one hand and to the carrier element on the other hand, the conveyor belt is wrapped from the transfer device to the portal element, and the conveyor belt is wrapped around the conveying bulk. The bulk materials are not affected by the environment, and the environment is not harmed when hazardous bulk materials are transported.

The invention will be explained in more detail below on the basis of schematically illustrated exemplary embodiments, together with other advantages.

The illustrated conveyor plant for bulk material S, for example coal, is installed in a port and serves for loading and unloading a ship 1 located at a quay 2. This conveyor plant carries 1 ship on rail 4 at the wharf.
It has a gate-shaped member 3 that can run along.

A jib 5 is provided on the portal 3, which extends above the ship 1 and is pivotable about an axis parallel to the rail 4 in a vertical plane. In this case, the jib 5 is pivoted on the side of the portal on a jib cradle, which is not shown in detail. This jib cradle is movable laterally and horizontally relative to the rail 4 on the portal. Therefore, as shown by the dashed line, the jib can be moved in the horizontal direction at any turning position. This pivoting of the jib 5 is effected by means of a cable 6, which leads to a cable winch 7. The jib 5 is provided with an end piece 8 at its free end. This end piece is pivotable relative to its jib 5 about a horizontal transverse axis parallel to the rail 4 and is oriented vertically downward in any pivoted position of the jib.

Attached to the end piece 8 is a horizontal ball-swivel ring 9 via which a vertical support member 10 is suspended from the end piece 8 or the jib 5. The rotating ring 9 forms a vertical pivot axis 9' passing through its center. The carrier member 10 can be pivoted relative to the boom 5 about this pivot axis. In FIG. 1, the normal state of the carrier member is shown in dash-dotted lines, and the state rotated by 180 degrees relative to this is shown in solid lines.

A short transverse jib 11 is pivotally connected to the lower end of the carrier member 10, which carries a receiving device 12 for bulk material S. The transverse jib 11 is normally oriented horizontally, but is pivotable relative to the carrier member 10 by means of a hydraulic cylinder 13 over a limited angular range of, for example, 15 degrees from the horizontal position (shown in dashed lines). (See condition).

The jib 5, the end piece 8 and the carrier element 10 are each designed as a self-supporting closed tube.
All these tubes have the same diameter. The inner diameter of the rotating ring 9 also corresponds to that of the tube. Jib 5
and the transition between the end member 8 and the carrier member 10
The transition between the transverse jib 11 and the transverse jib 11 is in each case provided with a sheet metal cover in a manner not shown in detail. This sheet metal cover keeps the respective transition chamber formed by the tubes closed in any pivoted position.

The conveyor plant comprises one conveyor belt 15 extending from the receiving device 12 to the portal 3. This conveyor belt is designed as a so-called corrugated edge belt (corrugated sidewall belt). This conveyor belt thus has two laterally mounted corrugated edges (corrugated side walls) 16. Between these corrugated edges, transverse driving elements 17 are arranged at a constant longitudinal spacing. The entraining member has an angular cross section;
Together with the corrugated edges, it forms a bucket-shaped chamber for accommodating the bulk material S (see FIG. 3). In its central region, the entraining member is not connected to the conveyor belt. The corrugated edge 16 is a short distance from the edge of the conveyor belt 15. There are therefore two narrow edge areas outside the transport chamber in front of the conveyor belt. This edge region and the deflection means cooperate in an unhindered manner. The back side of the conveyor belt is flat over its entire width.

The conveyor belt 15 runs from an end drum 20 at the free end of the transverse jib 11 to a deflection device 21 provided at the transition between the transverse jib 11 and the carrier member 10 and a lower guiding device 22 directly connected thereto. , end member 8
an upper guiding device 23 in the interior, a deflection device 24 connected to the guiding device 23 provided at the transition between the end member 8 and the jib 5, and a deflection device 24 provided at the transition between the jib and the jib base. It is guided via a deflection device 27 to an end drum 30 which is mounted on a portal and is driven. A dropping drum 31 is provided on one side of the end drum 30. On the other side of the end drum, a retracted belt loop 33 is formed by a so-called reversing wheel 32 of a gear wheel, which is supported on a jib stand. This belt loop is
As shown by the twin wheels 32' shown in dotted lines,
The length can be adjusted for horizontal movement of the jib 5. Furthermore, due to the limited and automatic displacement of the twin wheels 32 relative to the jib support, changes in the length of the conveyor belt running section that occur during the rotation of the carrier member 10 and the swiveling of the jib 5 are compensated for. . For this purpose, the hydraulic cylinder 34 is connected to the twin wheels 32.
It acts on This hydraulic cylinder maintains the belt tension sensed by the pressure cell at a constant value. To switch from loading to unloading and vice versa, the end drum 30 can be reversed, for example by means of a converter of an electric motor.

The upper belt section 28 of the conveyor belt 15, which is guided horizontally in the portal 3, is a transport belt section. During loading, this belt section is loaded with bulk material via the supply hopper 35,
It is then discharged at the lower end drum 20.
During unloading, said belt section is loaded with bulk material by means of a receiving device 12 in the horizontal section of the transverse jib 11 and is placed in a dropping drum before the return belt section 29 runs into the belt loop 33. At 31, it is discharged into a delivery hopper 36. This delivery hopper transfers the bulk material to a horizontal conveyor belt 37.
This transverse conveyor belt selectively transfers the bulk material to one of two discharge conveyor belts 38, 39. In order to improve the unloading of the conveyor belt 15 when the bulk material is sticky, a lower end drum 20 and a drop drum 31 are used.
A knock-off device (not shown in detail) can be attached to each of the parts.

The containment device 12 is shown in FIG. 1 as a drum. This drum loads bulk material inwardly onto the conveyor belt 15. Instead of this drum, the known bucket wheel 12' can be used as a receiving device. This bucket wheel is supported on the side of the horizontal jib 11, for example,
Bulk material is then loaded onto the conveyor belt 15 from the side. This is shown in dotted lines in FIG. Dual bucket wheels that centrally load bulk material onto a conveyor belt can also be used. This bucket wheel charges the conveyor belt with bulk material very evenly. To accommodate delicate bulk materials, such as grain, it is possible to use conveyor belts that are automatically pumped up by suitably designing the entraining elements.

Both belt parts 28 and 29 of the conveyor belt 15
are guided in the tubes of the carrier member 10, the end member 8 and the jib 5. Therefore, the turning and guiding device 21~
24 is also in the tube. The upper deflection device 24 has two deflection wheels for the return belt section 29 and a so-called roller curve concentric with said two deflection wheels for the conveyor belt section 28 . This roller curve is a plurality of rollers of relatively small diameter arranged in rows corresponding to the deflection curve. The lower deflection device is formed by two roller curves. The lower guide device 22 is the lower deflection device 2
1 and is fixedly connected to the carrier member 10. The upper guide device 23 is fixedly connected to the end piece 8 of the jib 5 below the deflection device 24 . The two belt sections of the conveyor belt run essentially unguided therebetween. A spacing device 25 (see FIG. 2), not shown in FIG. 1, is provided at a half-height position between both guide devices. This spacing device prevents the belt sections from touching at the rear.

Details of the guide devices 22, 23 and the section between them appear from FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c. In these figures, the carrier member 10 is shown in the same rotational state as shown in solid lines in FIG. The upper guide device 23 has two horizontal rear rollers 40, 41 parallel to each other and freely rotating. These back rollers include each back side 1 of the conveyor belt section 28 or return belt section 29 of the conveyor belt.
9 is touching. This back roller 40 is attached with a short roller 42 provided parallel to it within the same plane. This short roller acts on the narrow end regions of the conveyor belt 15 and presses it against the back roller 40. Similarly, two short rollers 43 are attached to the back roller 41. The bearing means for the rollers 40 to 43, which are fixedly connected to the end piece 8, are not shown in detail. The guide device is positioned in the end piece 8 such that the carrier member pivot axis 9' passes through the center of the guide device. This allows the guiding device to hold both belt sections of the conveyor belt in two mutually parallel and perpendicular planes, and
All three edge regions 18 are located at the same distance from the pivot axis 9'.

The lower guide device 22 shown in FIG. 2c is of exactly the same construction as the upper guide device 23 described above. Parts corresponding to this guide device 23 are numbered 10 more. The guiding device 22 also holds both belt sections in two mutually parallel and perpendicular planes.
Since the guide device 22 is connected to the carrier 10, this plane is located along with the pivot axis 9'.
Rotate around.

In the normal state of the carrier member 10, the guide device 22
A guide device 2 is attached to each belt section of the conveyor belt.
It gives exactly the same aspect as 3. The two belt sections of the conveyor belt therefore extend straight and parallel to each other between the two guide devices, as indicated by the dash-dotted lines in FIG. When the carrier member 10 and the guide device 22 rotate, both belt sections of the conveyor belt will be twisted. At that time, edge area 1
8 extends in a spiral (see Figure 3). This torsion increases as the carrier member 10 is deflected from its normal state, and is greatest at 180 degree rotation. This is shown in Figure 2c, as described above. At the guiding device 22, the two belt sections of the conveyor belt are arranged opposite to the position at the guiding device 23. FIG. 3 shows both belt sections of the conveyor belt being twisted in response to maximum rotation of the carrier member 10. FIG.

When strongly twisted like this, both belt parts 2
In order to prevent the back surfaces 19 of 8 and 29 from touching each other, a spacing device 25 is provided between the guide devices 22 and 2.
(2nd
(see figure b). This spacing device 25 consists of two rotatable rear rollers 6 disposed in the same way as the guide device.
0.61. However, the bearing of this rear roller is not fixedly connected to the carrier element 10, but rotates freely relative to the carrier element 10 in a horizontal plane, ie around the pivot axis 9'. Details of this structure are not shown. Due to their free rotation in the horizontal direction, the two rear rollers 60, 61 are rotated by the conveyor belt in accordance with the torsion of the conveyor belt 15. In this case, this rotation is caused by the carrier member or the guide device 22 relative to the guide device 23.
The rotation angle is approximately half of the relative rotation angle of the rotation angle. Figure 2 shows that the above relative rotation angle is 180
2 shows the rotational state of the spacing device at a maximum value of 90 degrees with respect to both guide devices.

In a simple embodiment, the two back rollers of the guiding device and of the spacing device can each be replaced by one back roller 45, 55 or 65 in each case. In this case, as shown in Figure 3,
Both belt portions of the conveyor belt contact this single back roller.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a schematic front view of a conveyor plant for bulk materials for loading and unloading ships; FIGS. 2a to 2c show the carrying members of the conveyor plant of FIG. 1 in three different planes; A cross-sectional view cut within
3 is a perspective view of a conveyor belt guide in a carrier member of a conveyor plant according to a slightly different embodiment from FIG. 2; FIG. Symbols in the figure, 1... ship, 3... portal member, 5... jib,
9'...Supporting member rotation axis, 10...Supporting member, 11...
Horizontal jib, 15... Conveyor belt, 16... Waveform edge, 17... Entraining member, 18... Conveyor belt front, 19... Conveyor belt back, 22, 23... Guide device, 25... Spacing holding device, 28, 29... Belt portion , 33... Belt loop, 40, 41, 5
0, 51, 60, 61...Back roller, 42, 4
3, 52, 53... Short roller, 45, 55... Back roller, 65... Back roller.

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. A jib 5 arranged on a portal member 3, on the free end of which a vertical support member 10 is suspended for pivoting relative to the jib about a vertical pivot axis. In a conveyor plant for bulk materials for the unloading and loading of large containers, in particular from ships 1, in which the bulk materials are fed into and/or removed from large containers at the lower ends of suspended carrier members;
The carrier element 10 is provided at its lower end with a laterally projecting transverse jib 11 and a conveyor belt 15 is provided in the conveyor plant, of which both belt sections 28, 29 are gate-shaped. Transverse jib 1 from member 3 through jib 5 and carrier member 10
1 , the conveyor belt 15 has a laterally mounted corrugated edge 16 and a entrainment element 17 arranged laterally between the corrugated edges; The two guide devices 22, 23 are connected to the free end portion of the jib 5 and to the support member 1.
0, by means of which both belt sections of the conveyor belt are held in respective predetermined planes, the upper guide device 23 is attached to the jib 5, and the lower guide device 22 is attached to the upper guide device. 1. A conveyor plant for bulk materials, characterized in that the conveyor belt is mounted on a carrier member at a distance from the conveyor belt and that the conveyor belt is not guided between the two guiding devices. 2. Conveyor plant for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertical pivot axis 9' passes approximately through the center of each guide device 22, 23. 3 Each guide device 22, 23 has at least one back roller 4 in contact with the conveyor belt back surface 19.
5, 55, and each belt portion 28, on the opposite side.
29 respectively two short rollers 42,4
3, 52, 53, the short rollers being in contact with the conveyor belt front surface 18 on the sides of the corrugated edge 16, according to claim 1 or 2. conveyor plant. 4. According to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the transverse jib 11 carries a storage device for bulk material at a distance from the vertical pivot axis 9'. Conveyor plant for bulk materials as described. 5. Conveyor plant for bulk material according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower guide device 22 is provided at the lower end of the carrier member 10. 6. Conveyor plant for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the entraining member 17 is not connected to the conveyor belt 15 in its central region. 7 At least one spacing device 25 separating the belt sections 28, 29 from both guiding devices 22, 2
3, the spacing device being rotatable about a vertical pivot axis 9'; A conveyor plant for bulk materials as described in . 8 The distance maintaining device 25 is placed on the back side 19 of the conveyor belt.
8. Conveyor plant for bulk materials according to claim 7, characterized in that it has at least one rear roller 65 in contact with the conveyor plant. 9. The conveyor belt 15 is guided on the portal 3 in a retracted belt loop 33, which belt loop is provided with an adjustment device for automatically adjusting the belt tension to a constant value. A conveyor plant for bulk materials according to any one of items 1 to 8.