JPS6338176B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an improved method for producing pelleted mineral feed for home storage (hereinafter referred to as mineral pellets) which is highly palatable and has antifungal properties. Minerals such as calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, and other minerals such as zinc carbonate, cobalt sulfate, copper sulfate, and calcium iodate are important as household nutrients, but they are not palatable when used alone, so they are It is necessary to feed the fish by mixing it in advance with a compound feed consisting of fish meal, fish meal, etc., or even when feeding it directly, it must be mixed well with other feeds before feeding. However, when feeding powdered minerals mixed with other feeds, it is necessary to add flavorings, sweeteners, salt, seaweed powder, etc. to avoid insufficient mixing and to improve palatability. However, even in this case, since the feed is powdered, the feed sticks around the mouth, making it difficult to eat and not necessarily improving palatability. In order to eliminate this drawback, a method has been used to improve the palatability of feed by pelletizing it. Compounded feeds containing fats and oils and fibers, oil cakes, bran, leaves and stems can be easily pelletized, but minerals such as calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate are used as binders to form water and methylcellulose, When a pressure-sensitive adhesive such as starch is used to form pellets using an extrusion pressure granulator, water evaporates and clogs the holes in the pellet die, hindering production. Therefore, it is necessary to add a large amount of adhesive such as water (20 to 40% by weight based on the feed) and remove excess water by drying after molding. The inventors of the present invention conducted various research on a method of producing mineral pellets with good palatability without going through such a drying process, and recently published a patent (Japanese Patent Application No. 1983-62863).
However, in hot and humid countries like Japan, feed containing plant foliage powder is susceptible to mold growth, so it is necessary to prevent the growth of mold. Propionic acid and the like are known as agents that prevent the growth of mold, but not only are there limits to the amount of these agents added, but their antifungal effects may not be complete. Therefore, in producing mineral pellets containing the leaves, stems, and leaves of this plant, the present inventors used a fungicide other than the above-mentioned propionic acid,
After conducting various studies on the prevention of germs in products, we found that
It has been found that when producing mineral pellet feed according to the above invention, if salt or ammonium chloride is further added and molded, pellet mineral feed with high strength and antifungal effect can be obtained without drying. I found out. Next, a mixture of 80 parts by weight of calcium phosphate for feed and 20 parts by weight of alpha alpha amyl was added as a mineral pellet feed containing plant leaves, stems, and leaves.
When common salt or ammonium chloride was mixed in various weight proportions, 6% by weight of water was added to the mixture, and the mixture was kneaded and pressed, pellets with high strength could be obtained without drying the molded product. Admitted. Next, the pellets were crushed into particles of 1 to 3 mm and placed in a thermostatic chamber at 20°C or 30°C and 80% relative humidity to test the antifungal effect, and the following results were obtained.

[Table] From the above test results, both table salt and ammonium salt
It was observed that in the feed containing 1.0% or more, there was no mold growth even at 30°C and 80% relative humidity, and even when about 10% of moisture remained in the feed. In addition, the antifungal effects of table salt and ammonium chloride increase in proportion to the increase in the amount of these salts added, but the range of the amount added varies depending on the purpose of feed and the type of raw material, but in general, In the case of ammonium chloride, the amount is about 1 to 5% by weight. The present invention is based on these test results, and is based on the fact that 1 to 5 parts by weight of common salt or ammonium chloride is added to a mixture of 90 to 60 parts by weight of mineral powder and 10 to 40 parts by weight of leaf, stem or leaf powder. % and water 5.6
This is a method for producing a pellet-shaped mineral feed for home use, which comprises adding and mixing 12% by weight of the feed, or preferably further mixing an adhesive, and extruding the mixture into pellets. In the present invention, minerals include calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate as the main ingredients, and other supplementary feed ingredients such as magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, cobalt sulfate, copper sulfate, and calcium iodate are used. Alpha-alpha, black locust, and ginkgo (a deciduous tree for legumes) are used, and the blending ratio of minerals and leaves, stems, or leaves is the same as in the previous patent application (90-60): (10-60) 40) Weight ratio. Furthermore, ammonium chloride, which is used as a fungicide, has the effect of preventing urethral stone disease in addition to preventing fungi. Next, salt and ammonium chloride can be added individually, but they can also be added after being dissolved in sticky water. Next, in the present invention, it is not particularly necessary to add a binder, but if it is added, molasses, methyl cellulose, starch, etc. are used in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight based on the mineral pellet raw material. In addition, the added leaves, stems, and trees contain fibers and oils, so there is no caking of the powder due to heat generation during pelletization.
It acts as a lubricant that improves slippage and prevents clogging of the holes in the pellet die. Furthermore, since there is no drying step in the present invention, the process and energy are saved, the aroma of the feed is not lost during the drying step, and mineral pellets with extremely good palatability can be produced. Example 1 Calcium phosphate 720Kg, Magnesium carbonate 30
Kg and further pre-mixed with zinc carbonate, manganese carbonate, cobalt sulfate and calcium iodate10
Add 150 kg of Alf Alf Amil and 30 kg of molasses to Kg and mix, add 15 kg of ammonium chloride to 60 kg of water.
After adding and mixing the solution dissolved in Kg, it was molded using an extrusion type pelleter, and pellets with a diameter of 3 x 5 to 8 mm could be made with a pellet percentage of 97%. The strength of the pellet after 1 hour of molding was 1.8 Kg/cm ² . When this mineral pellet feed was left in a constant temperature bath at 30°C and 80% relative humidity, no mold growth was observed even after 21 days had passed. Moreover, no decrease in palatability of this feed was observed. Example 2 Calcium phosphate 720Kg, Magnesium carbonate 30
After adding and mixing 200 kg of salt and 60 kg of water to a mixture of 200 kg of Alf Alf Amil and 200 kg of Alf Alf Amil, the mixture was molded using an extrusion type pelletizer.
We were able to produce pellets with a diameter of 3 x 5 to 8 mm at a pellet rate of 98%. The strength after 1 hour of pellet molding is
It was 1.6Kg/ ^cm2 . When this mineral pellet feed was left in a constant temperature bath at 30°C and 80% relative humidity, no mold growth was observed even after 21 days had passed. In addition, their preference for dairy cows was good.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. To a mixture of 90 to 60 parts by weight of mineral powder and 10 to 40 parts by weight of leaf, stem or leaf powder, add 1 to 5% by weight of salt or ammonium chloride and water.
5.6 to 12% by weight, mixed and extruded into pellets. 2. A method for producing pelleted mineral feed for household storage according to claim 1, which further comprises adding an adhesive in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight based on the mineral feed according to claim 1. .