JPS6343110B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to an artificial heart drive device, and more particularly to an artificial heart drive device that drives the artificial heart by alternately applying positive pressure and negative pressure to the artificial heart using fluid such as air. In terms of safety, it is important for an artificial heart to provide blood with a pulsating flow that closely resembles the pulsation of a living heart. Various types of artificial hearts are known, such as diaphragm type, socket type, and piston type.
These are generally driven by receiving a predetermined pressure from a fluid such as air. In order to drive an artificial heart under the best conditions depending on the condition of the living body, a drive device that outputs accurate pressure according to the conditions at a predetermined timing is required. That is, a drive device that can accurately and quickly set the heart rate, positive pressure, negative pressure, duration or duty ratio for applying positive pressure and negative pressure to predetermined values to predetermined values is desirable. Conventionally, in artificial heart drive devices, mechanical pressure reducing valves and the like have been used in positive pressure systems and negative pressure systems, respectively, as means for obtaining accurate pressure. In the artificial heart drive device, the output end of the positive pressure system and the output end of the negative pressure system are connected to each other in order to alternately apply positive pressure and negative pressure to the artificial heart. For switching, solenoid valves for opening/closing control are provided at the output end of the positive pressure system and the output end of the negative pressure system, respectively. These solenoid valves are controlled by the control device.
It is controlled to alternately open and close at a predetermined timing according to the set heart rate. By the way, this type of artificial heart drive device is often used continuously for a long period of time, and in such cases, even if a part of the device malfunctions,
The artificial heart cannot be stopped. However, even if the artificial heart drive device continues to operate in the same state when a failure or abnormality occurs, the artificial heart cannot be driven in the best condition. Further, even if no failure or abnormality is externally recognized, regular maintenance of the device contents is necessary. For this reason, when performing maintenance or repairs, it is customary to prepare another artificial heart drive device and switch a large number of valves, valves, etc. in a predetermined order to prevent the artificial heart from stopping. I'm trying to do an exchange. However, it is humans who switch a large number of valves, valves, etc., and they may make a mistake in the order of switching. Furthermore, when switching between artificial heart drive devices, the drive timings of the two devices are often shifted, so this switching involves considerable risk. The primary purpose of the present invention is to enable failure repair, maintenance, etc. of the artificial heart without preparing a separate artificial heart drive device and without temporarily stopping the artificial heart. The second purpose is to eliminate the danger to living organisms associated with this. In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention,
At least one extra set of mechanical units such as pressure regulating valves and pressure switching valves is provided, and system switching valve means is arranged between each mechanical unit and the flow path connecting the driving fluid chamber of the artificial heart pump. Enables switching of mechanical units to be used. Furthermore, when switching mechanical units, at least temporarily
The positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means of each of the two mechanical units to be switched are controlled to open and close in synchronization with each other. In this way, when switching between mechanical units, there is no risk of a lag in the timing of switching between positive and negative pressure in the artificial heart pump, and there is no risk that the pump will actually stop operating. Even under the circumstances, the operation timing of the artificial heart pump can always be adapted to the pulsation rhythm of the living body. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the system switching valve means is provided with a state detection means that outputs an electric signal according to the opening/closing of the switching valve means, and is also provided with display means such as a lamp for instructing the switching operation. When performing this, the display means is energized and controlled according to a predetermined system switching sequence and the state of the electrical signal output by the state detection means. In this way, even when a human being performs the valve switching operation, the switching procedure of the valve or kettle and which valve to operate can be instructed by flashing lamps, etc. There is no longer any risk of the patient making an operational error and endangering the living body fitted with the artificial heart. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of one type of artificial heart drive device implementing the present invention. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 is the main body of the artificial heart drive device; 1
A is an operation panel, 1b is a display panel, and 1c is a connection panel. The inside of the display panel 1b shows the positive pressure, negative pressure, and duty ratio of positive pressure and negative pressure for the right heart, the positive pressure, negative pressure, and duty ratio of positive pressure and negative pressure for the left heart, heart rate, and The pressure on the right and left side (yin/yang) is displayed. The connection panel 1c includes a cable for a remote control unit (remote control means) REM that can be attached and detached with a connector, and tubes 2a that apply pressure to the right and left artificial hearts.
2b is connected. Artificial heart drive device body 1
is movably supported by four casters 3. FIG. 2a is a front view showing the remote operation unit REM, and FIG. 2b is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 2a. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b. The remote control unit REM is capable of remotely controlling all parameters of the main body of the artificial heart drive device, and has 14 operating sections S1 to S14. The operation parts S1 to S4 are respectively positive pressure increase, positive pressure decrease, negative pressure increase, and negative pressure decrease on the left side.
The operation parts S5 to S8 are positive pressure increase, positive pressure decrease, negative pressure increase, and negative pressure decrease on the right side, respectively, and the operation part S9,
S10 increases and decreases the duration of positive pressure or negative pressure (or duty of positive pressure and negative pressure) on the left side, respectively;
The operation parts S11 and S12 are used to raise and lower the duration of positive pressure or negative pressure on the right side, and the operation parts S13 and 1
4 is the part that controls increasing and decreasing the heart rate, respectively. PL is a light emitting diode that indicates that the artificial heart drive device is powered on and that REM is connected to the main body, and SP is a speaker that outputs a sound to notify when the switch is pressed. The casing 4 of the remote operation board REM is made of synthetic resin. Casing 4
Inside, there are key switches SW9 and SW11 with relatively short strokes at positions corresponding to each operation part.
A printed circuit board 5 on which is mounted is fixed. A hole is made in the casing 4 at the position of each operation part, and a flexible film 6 is placed to cover the surface of the hole.
is pasted to make the internal switches etc. waterproof. Holes 7 and 8 are provided to attract the remote operation board REM to a predetermined position. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the caster 3, FIG. 4a, FIG. 4b, FIG. 4c, and FIG. 4d are a front view, a left side view, a right side view, and a vertical sectional view of the casing 31 constituting the caster 3, respectively. FIG. 5 is a front view of the bolt 32 for fixing the caster 3;
6a and 6b are a front view and a left side view of the stand 33 that supports the caster 3, and FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view showing the connection between the artificial heart drive device main body 1 and the caster 3. Figure 3, 4a
4b, 4c, 4d, 5, 6a, 6b and 7. The casing 31 has three holes 31a and 31b.
and 31c are provided. One hole 31a is for connecting the caster body 3a and the casing 31, and the other hole 31b is for connecting the stand 33.
The other hole 31c is for inserting the bolt 32. As shown in FIG. 5, the bolt 32 has a tapered head to make it easier to grip and less likely to slip, and a thread is formed only in a portion near the head. The stand 33 is composed of a plate-shaped portion and a protrusion 34. The protrusion 34 is provided with a hole 34a that communicates with the hole in the casing 31. 33a is a hole for a bolt for fixing the stand 33 to the main body 1 of the artificial heart drive device. Normally, the artificial heart drive device main body 1 and the caster 3 are the seventh
As shown in the figure, they are connected to form a single body. That is, the protrusion 34 of the stand 33 fixed to the artificial heart drive device main body 1 is inserted into the hole 31b of the caster 3, the holes 31c and 34a are aligned, and the bolt 32 is inserted into the hole and fixed. 35 is sterilized sealing vinyl, and 36 is packing. What makes the casters removable in this way is
This is so that a contaminated caster can be replaced with a sterilized caster. When transporting the artificial heart drive device into a clean room, operating room, etc., the casters of the artificial heart drive device in the state shown in FIG. 7 are replaced at the entrance of the clean room, etc. as follows. First, the bolt 32 is unscrewed and removed, and since the engagement between the hole 31b and the protrusion 34 is relatively tight, the caster 3 is rotated relative to the protrusion 34 and removed. After removing the packing 36 and the sealing vinyl 35, a sterilized caster is inserted into the protrusion 34 and a sterilized bolt is attached. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and 8e. Figure 8a, 8th
Figure b, Figure 8c, Figure 8d, and Figure 8e are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line b-b in Figure 8c) of the tank unit 40 provided inside the artificial heart drive device body 1, respectively. , c- in Figure 8b.
They are a sectional view taken along line C, a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the terminal and the tank, and a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the pressure sensor 41 and the tank. This tank unit 40 has six tanks (accumulators), and one tank unit includes a positive pressure system and part of a negative pressure system for a pair of (left and right) artificial hearts, and a positive pressure system for an auxiliary system. It has come to constitute a negative pressure system.
Each of the six tanks has two solenoid valves 4
2, 43 and a pressure sensor 41 are provided. The solenoid valve 43 is of a general open/close control type, and the solenoid valve 42 is a solenoid control valve whose opening degree is controlled according to the energization level, as will be described later. The solenoid valve 42 of each block (tank) has an input port 42, respectively.
a or output port 42b to panels 44a, 44
Hole 45 of b, 44c, 44d, 44e or 44f
a, 45b, 45c, 45d, 45e, or 45
The other ports (output ports or input ports) are open to the space within each block. Solenoid valve 43 of each block
One port 43a is opened to the space inside each block, and the other port 43b is opened to the holes 46a and 46b in the panel 46 and the holes 47a and 47b in the panel 47.
Or they are inserted into the holes 80a, 80b of the panel 80 and fixed. Each panel 44a, 44b, 44
Tubes 48a, 48 are provided in the holes 45a, 45b, 45c, 45d, 45e and 45f to communicate with the holes 45a, 44d, 44e and 44f.
b, 48c, 48d, 48e and 48f are connected. Tubes 48a, 48d and 48
tubes 48b, 48c, and 48e are each connected to a compressor that is a positive pressure source. The holes 46a and 46b of the panel 46 communicate with each other, and a tube 49 is connected to the flow path. Further, the holes 47a and 47b of the panel 47 communicate with each other, and the tube 50 is connected to the flow path. Also, the holes 80a and 8 of the panel 80
0b are in communication with each other, and a tube 81 is connected to the flow path. tube 49 and 50
are connected to the left and right artificial hearts, respectively, and the tube 81 includes two solenoid valves 71R, not shown.
71L is connected. Solenoid valve 71R and 7
The other ends of 1L are connected to the right and left artificial hearts, respectively. Panels 44a, 44b, 44c,
Four terminals 51 and a pressure sensor 41 are fixed to each of 44d, 44e, and 44f.
Terminal 51 and pressure sensor 41 are mounted as shown in Figures 8d and 8e. The terminal 51 is composed of a rod-shaped conductor 51a and an insulating nipple 51b held therewith. Insulating nipple 5
1b is made of Teflon. The panel 44 has a threaded tapered hole, and the insulating nipple 51b has a corresponding shape. The conductor 51a and the insulating nipple 51b are also fixed with tapered screws. Since these tapered screws perform the sealing function, no special sealing member is required. Lead wires 54 from solenoids of electromagnetic valves 42 and 43 are connected to each terminal 51 via connectors 52 and 53. The pressure sensor 41 is fixed to the panel 44 with a tapered screw similar to the terminal 51. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d. Figure 9a, Figure 9b, Figure 9
Figures c and 9d are a plan view, a right side view, a left side view, and an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view, respectively, of the electromagnetic valve (electromagnetic control valve) 42 used in this embodiment. The first port 1 is connected to the valve housing 11 of the electromagnetic control valve 42.
2 and a second port 13 are formed. The inner space of the housing 11 is a valve seat 14, and the first port 1
2, a first internal chamber 15 and a second port 13 communicate with each other.
It is divided into a second interior chamber 16 that communicates with the interior. A magnetic coil case 18 is fixed to the valve housing 11 with a sealing material 17 interposed therebetween. case 18
A coil bobbin 20 with a coil 19 wound thereon is inserted, and this is attached to magnetic bases 21 and 22.
is supported. A fixed magnetic core 23 is fixed to the base 21 . The core 23 is hollow,
A non-magnetic guide rod 24 passes through it. A movable magnetic core 25 is fixed to the rod 24. One end of the rod 24 is pushed to the left by a coil spring 26. The other end of the rod 24 passes through a bearing 27 and a bellows 28, and a valve body 29 is fixed to that end. The inner space of the bellows 28 is connected to the first inner chamber 15 (as shown) or the second inner chamber 16 (the rod 2) through the small holes 30 and 37.
4 is driven to the right). When coil 19 is energized, core 23 - core 2
5-Base 22-Case 18-Base 21-Core 23 generates a circulating magnetic flux, and the core 25 and core 23
The rod 24 moves to the right to the point where this suction force and the repulsive force of the coil spring 26 are balanced, and the valve body 29 moves toward the valve seat 1.
From 4, move away by a distance according to the suction force. The end surface 23a of the core 23 is mountain-shaped, and the end surface 23a of the core 25 is
5a has a concave shape that receives the central protrusion, and the inner surfaces 23b of the chevron-shaped protrusions at both ends are tapered. Due to the existence of this taper, the energization level and the amount of movement of the rod 24 (the gap between 23a and 25a) are in a proportional relationship over a wide range. Furthermore, this type of solenoid valve has a movable part that has good responsiveness and can perform opening/closing control at high speed. FIG. 10 shows an outline of the configuration of the artificial heart drive device shown in FIG. 1 together with the artificial heart. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 60R and 60L are artificial hearts, which are connected to an artificial heart drive device through tubes 2a and 2b. The tubes 2a and 2b are respectively connected to the output end of the tank unit 40 via the means switching valves 70R, 70L and the valves 66R, 66L, and are also connected to the output end of the auxiliary system and the solenoid valve 7.
1R, 71L, manual switching valve 70S and Kotoku 6
Connected via 6S. Lamps 67R, 67L and 67S are provided near each manual switching valve 70R, 70L and 70S, respectively. The manual switching valves 70R, 70L and 70S have electric contacts 70RS, which operate according to their opening and closing.
It is equipped with 70LS and 70SS. 61 is a compressor, and 62 is a vacuum pump. Three electromagnetic valves 42 of a positive pressure system are connected to the compressor 61 via a socket 65, and three electromagnetic valves 42 are connected to the vacuum pump 62 via a socket 65. 68 and 69 are connectors for connecting an external positive pressure source and negative pressure source, respectively. The solenoids of the six electromagnetic valves 42 and the pressure sensor 41 are connected to the control device CON1,
Six solenoid valves 43 and solenoid valves 71R, 71L
is connected to the control device CON2. Control device
CON1 and CON2 each have an arithmetic unit CPU.
1 and CPU2 are connected. computing device
The input ports of CPU1 and CPU2 have positive pressure,
An operating end for instructing changes in negative pressure, heart rate, and duty is connected. The operating end consists of a main body operating board SWU provided on the operating panel 1a of the artificial heart drive device main body 1 and a remote operating board REM for remote control. Main unit operation board
SWU and remote operation board REM are connected in parallel as described later. remote operation board
A predetermined signal is supplied to REM from the sound generator SGU. The sound generator SGU is controlled by arithmetic units CPU1 and CPU2. Switches K1, K2, and K3 connected to the arithmetic unit CPU1 are used to instruct switching of the drive system. display device
The DSU consists of a 7-segment light emitting diode display for numerical display, and a control device.
Dynamically driven by digit drive signals and segment drive signals from CON1 and CON2. FIG. 11 shows the arithmetic unit CPU1 shown in FIG.
One configuration of CPU2 is shown. This microcomputer unit uses Hitachi's single board microcomputer unit H62SC01. The H62SC01 uses a 6802 series microprocessor, and has I/O ports, timers,
Equipped with RAM, ROM, etc. The RAM used in this embodiment is COMS type HM6116. FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the remote operation unit REM. SW1 to SW14 are key switches provided corresponding to the operation parts S1 to S14 shown in FIG. 2a, respectively; SP is a speaker;
PL is a light emitting diode. Figures 13a and 13b are control device CON
1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a circuit included in FIG. Integrated circuit (IC) used in control device CON1
A list of these is shown in Table 1 below.

[Table] First, explanation will be given with reference to FIG. 13a. Connector J1 is connected to output port P3 of arithmetic unit CPU1, and in order to perform dynamic display, display data from CPU1 is inputted separately into two BCD signals: display digit data and display numerical data. The display data output by the CPU 1 includes positive pressure and negative pressure data for each left and right system. Integrated circuit Z1 decodes the BCD signal of display digit data and applies it to transistors Tr1 to Tr6 and inverter Z14. Transistors Tr1 to Tr6
is connected to the anode (digit electrode) of the light emitting diode display. Integrated circuits Z2 to Z5 each convert the BCD signal of displayed numerical data into a 7-segment signal, and the 7-segment signal is sent to drivers Z6 to Z.
9 to each cathode (segment electrode) of the light emitting diode display. The key switch contact of the main unit operation board SWU and the key switch contact of the remote operation board REM are connected to connector J2.
are connected in parallel in the vicinity of the integrated circuit Z1
2 and Z13. Integrated circuit Z1
2 and Z13 have a circuit for removing chattering of the mechanical contacts, and the signal from which the chattering has been removed is sent to the integrated circuit Z10 via the inverter Z11.
to be applied. The integrated circuit Z10 outputs binary codes corresponding to the pressed key switches to the microcomputer CPU1 in a predetermined priority order.
SSR1 to SSR6 are solid state relays, which are controlled on/off by the output port of the microcomputer CPU1 via the buffer Z15. Solid state relay SSR1~SSR
The output end of 6 is connected to each electromagnetic valve 42 via a connector J4. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 13b. Z16 is Deitel's 16 channel 12 bit A/D converter.
HDAS-16MC. Z16 terminal BIT1~
BIT12 is the signal output terminal, and BIT1 to BIT4
BIT9 to BIT12 are connected to each other. A 12-bit signal is applied to the input port of the microcomputer CPU1 in two parts of 8 bits each. Switching between BIT1~4 and BIT5~12 is done by CPU1.
This is done by controlling the EN1, EN2 and EN3 terminals of Z16. Terminals A1, A2, A4 and A
8 is for selecting an input channel. HDAS-16 has 16 channels of input ports, but in this embodiment, 8 channels are connected to connector J5, and signals from each pressure sensor 41 are input to 6 channels.
That is, the right positive pressure signal RPP, the right negative pressure signal RNP, the left positive pressure signal LPP, the left negative pressure signal LNP, the auxiliary system positive pressure signal SPP, and the auxiliary system negative pressure signal SNP are input. FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the control device CON2, and FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the sound generating device SGU. Figures 14 and 15
This will be explained with reference to the figures. A list of integrated circuits used in the control circuit CON2 and the sound generator SGU is shown in Table 2 below.

[Table] The control device CON2 has a similar configuration to the above-mentioned control device CON1, but since the control device CON2 does not detect pressure, it is not provided with an A/D converter. Connectors J6 and J7 are connected to ports P3 and P2 of arithmetic unit CPU2, respectively. The connector J10 is connected to the solenoid of the solenoid valve 43, and the connector J11 is connected to the solenoid of the solenoid valve 71R,
It is connected to the 71L solenoid. Integrated circuits Z30 and Z31 are connected to the main unit operation board SWU and remote operation board via connector J8.
Each key switch contact point is connected to instruct to increase or decrease the heart rate of the REM and to increase or decrease the ratio of the period of applying positive pressure to the period of applying negative pressure on the left and right sides. The sound generator SGU consists of three integrated circuits Z36~
It is composed mainly of Z38. Each of these integrated circuits Z36 to Z38 produces at its output terminal OUT a signal whose frequency depends on the state of the six input ports. A signal "OPEN/CLOSE" indicating whether a key has been operated or not, and a signal "UP/DOWN" indicating whether the operated key is to be raised or lowered are input from CPU1 and CPU2 to connector J11, respectively. has been done. When no key is pressed, a high level H is applied to the reset input terminals RES of the integrated circuits Z36 to Z38.
has been reset. When a low level L is applied to the reset input RES, a pulse signal of 3.2 KHz or 1.6 KHz appears at the output of Z36, depending on the logic level of the output of the OR gate OR1. Z37 always outputs a 2Hz pulse signal when the RES terminal is L, and that signal is sent to Z38.
is applied to the input port of When the output terminal of Z37 is H, Z38 receives 3.2KHz from Z36 or
Outputs the 1.6KHz pulse signal as it is to the output end,
When the output terminal of Z37 is L, a signal obtained by dividing the pulse signal from Z36 by 1/2 is outputted to the output terminal.
Therefore, for example, the remote operation board REM
When the left pressure increase operation part S1 is pressed, the CPU
The UP/DOWN signal from CPU1 becomes H, the close/open signal from CPU1 becomes H, and the output terminal of Z36 has 3.2K.
A Hz pulse signal appears, and at the output end of Z38
A pulse signal appears whose frequency changes from 3.2KHz to 1.6KHz every 0.5 seconds. Also, when the left pressure lowering operation part S2 is pressed down, the output end of Z36
A 1.6KHz pulse signal appears, and a pulse signal whose frequency changes to 1.6KHz or 0.8KHz every 0.5 seconds appears at the output end of Z38. This signal is applied to the speaker of the remote operation board REM. FIGS. 16a, 16b, and 16c schematically show the operation flow of the arithmetic unit CPU1, and are flowcharts of a main program, an interrupt processing program, and a tank pressure input subroutine, respectively. Figure 10, Figure 13a, 1st
Figures 3b, 16a, 16b and 16c
The operation of the CPU 1 will be explained with reference to the figure. First, to give an overview, the processing unit CPU1 reads key inputs from the main body operation board SWU or the remote operation board REM, reads each tank pressure (pressure sensor 41), and performs constant pressure control of each tank pressure (duty control of the solenoid valve 42). , changes pressure parameters in response to key input, outputs display data, and instructs to generate sound. In addition, the control of the auxiliary system solenoid valve 42 is as follows:
This is not normally performed, and is performed only when a predetermined signal is input from the arithmetic unit CPU2. When the power is turned on, initial values are set for each parameter and interrupts are enabled. In this example, the initial values are RPP, RNP, LPP and LNP
respectively +30, -30, +100 and -150 [mmHg]
The upper and lower limits of each pressure are 0/+150, -100/0, 0/+300 and -150/0, respectively.
It is set at 0 [mmHg]. Interrupts are generated periodically every 4ms by a timer in the CPU1. When an interrupt occurs, the microprocessor executes the interrupt handling routine shown in FIG. 16b. In the interrupt processing routine, first select the A/D converter Z16, change the input channels to CH0, CH1, CH3, and CH4 in order to calculate the pressure RPP of each tank,
A/D converting RNP, LPP and LNP in order,
Read the converted digital data. Furthermore, "1" or "0" is output to a predetermined port of P3 to control the solid state relays SSR1 to SSR4 and turn the four solenoid valves 42 on or off.
This on/off switching is done according to the duty parameter set in the memory of CPU1.
This is done by inverting from on to off once every n2 interrupts and from off to on once every n2 interrupts. Therefore, by changing the parameters, the duty ratio between the on time and off time of the solenoid valve 42 is changed. This duty ratio is
The pressure of the tank is maintained at a predetermined pressure by controlling according to the comparison result between the detected pressure of each tank and the target pressure. Also, in this interrupt processing
CPU1 confirms the system selection instruction from CPU2,
If there is an instruction to drive the auxiliary system, check whether the right or left side is to be replaced, and control the auxiliary system pressures SPP and SNP to the same pressure as the right or left system. In this case, when the pressure in the auxiliary system reaches a predetermined pressure, the CPU 1 sends a signal to the CPU 2 indicating that system switching is possible. In the tank pressure input subroutine, the pressure data of each tank read from the A/D converter Z16 is averaged and the data is converted into 4-digit decimal data for display. The reason for averaging the pressure data is to remove short-term minute fluctuations in pressure due to opening and closing of valves. When a key is input, it is determined which key was pressed, and the parameter associated with that key is increased (or decreased) little by little. It also determines whether the pressed key instructs to raise or lower the key, and
Apply open/close signals and UP/DOWN signals to generate a predetermined sound from the speaker of the remote operation board REM. Note that the mnemonic code RTI shown in FIG. 16b is a return instruction (return from
RTS indicates a return instruction (return from subroutine). Figures 17a and 17b are the arithmetic unit CPU
2 is a flowchart showing the general operation of step 2. The operation will be explained with reference to FIGS. 17a and 17b. When the power is turned on, the microprocessor first sets each I/O port to its initial state, and calculates the heart rate, the ratio of the time for applying positive and negative pressure to the left and right sides (duty, or the duration of positive pressure and negative pressure). time)
Set each parameter to its initial value. In this example, the initial values of each parameter are the heart rate of 100 rpm and the left artificial heart duty of 45%.
(Duration: 270ms), and the duty of the right artificial heart is set to 55% (Duration: 330ms). In interrupt processing, the logic level of a predetermined output port is updated from "1" to "0" or from "0" to "1" at a certain timing according to a predetermined parameter (heart rate), and the solid state The solenoid valve 43 is opened and closed by controlling the relays SSR7 to SSR10. It also outputs display data (digit data and segment data). When a key is input, the key operation is continued while determining which key was pressed and checking whether the value of the parameter associated with that key exceeds the upper or lower limit. Increment or decrement while Arithmetic processing is performed on various parameters related to that parameter. This process is
Jump to each subroutine. The subroutine group includes a subroutine that calculates the duration of one beat related to heart rate, a subroutine that calculates the duration of the left artificial heart, a subroutine that calculates the duration of the right artificial heart, a subroutine that calculates the duty of the left artificial heart, It consists of a subroutine that calculates the duty of the right artificial heart, a subroutine that performs division, a subroutine that performs multiplication, etc. When this calculation is completed, each updated parameter is recorded in the display memory, and after a predetermined period of time, the process returns to the interrupt wait process. When the next interrupt occurs, the updated data will be displayed. If the input key is a key for instructing system switching (K1), the drive system switching subroutine shown in FIG. 17b is executed. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 17b.
First, the CPU 2 instructs the CPU 1 to control the auxiliary solenoid valve 42 that is not operating. Next, a switching sequence start lamp (not shown) is turned on and the system waits for a key input to designate whether to switch the right or left system. When the system to be switched is specified,
The CPU 1 adjusts the pressure using the control parameters of the auxiliary system as the control parameters of the specified system. CPU
Step 2 waits until the pressure adjustment is completed. Next, a lamp 67S provided near the auxiliary system manual valve is turned on and off to notify the operator that the next step is to open the auxiliary system manual valve 70S. When the operator opens the manual valve 70S, the contact 70SS is activated and the 70S
A signal indicating that the is opened is applied to the CPU2.
When 70S opens, after turning off the lamp 67S, the auxiliary system solenoid valve 43 is activated at the same timing as the switching system solenoid valve 43, and the solenoid valve 71R or 71 is activated.
Controls the opening of L. Now, air of the same pressure is simultaneously applied to the artificial heart of the switching system from that system and the auxiliary system, and the artificial heart is driven by parallel drive sources. Lamp 67 near the manual valve of the system to be switched next
Flashing energize R or 67L to notify the operator that the manual valve in that system may be opened. When the manual valve is closed, the CPU 2 instructs the CPU 1 to stop the right or left solenoid valves 42 and 43, turns off all the lamps, and returns to the main processing routine. The valves 42, 43, accumulators, etc. of the predetermined system are now separated from the artificial heart, and the artificial heart is now driven by the auxiliary system, so maintenance, etc. of the separated system can be performed. When switching the drive system is instructed again, the previously disconnected system is connected and the auxiliary system is separated by the reverse sequence. In the above embodiment, the solenoid valve 42 is always energized to open and close, and the duty of the opening time and the closing time is changed to control the pressure. 42 may be energized. In addition, in the example, the remote operation board
Although a sound of a predetermined frequency is generated from the REM speaker, the parameters corresponding to the pressed keys may also be output as audio. In that case, a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 18 may be used, for example. In Figure 18, Z39, Z4
0 and Z41 are Texas Instruments TMS1000, TMS5100 and TMS5100, respectively.
It is TMS6100. TMS1000 is a microprocessor, TMS5100 is a speech synthesis chip, and TMS6100 is a
It is a 128Kbit mask ROM. Connector J11
is connected to the arithmetic units CPU1 and CPU2, and outputs a predetermined sound generation command from each arithmetic unit CPU1 and CPU2 to the microprocessor Z36.
Remote operation board REM outputs audio signals
to the speakers. In addition, in the embodiment, the solenoid valve 43 has two types of solenoid valves, one connected to the anode side and the other connected to the cathode side. Switch between connections 3
It may also be used as a directional valve. As described above, according to the present invention, the mechanical unit that drives the artificial heart pump can be replaced for repair or maintenance. Moreover, since the timing of switching between positive pressure and negative pressure of multiple mechanical units is synchronized with each other during replacement, the pulsation rhythm of the living body and the pulsation rhythm of the artificial heart will not deviate when switching. There is no risk of endangering living organisms due to switching.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of an artificial heart drive device showing one embodiment, and Fig. 2a is a remote control unit.
A front view of the REM, Figure 2b is an enlarged sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 2a, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the caster, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of the caster.
Figures a, 4b, 4c and 4d are front views of the casing constituting the caster, respectively;
A left side view, a right side view, and a vertical sectional view; FIG. 5 is a front view of bolts that fix the caster; FIGS. 6a and 6b are a front view and left side view of the stand that supports the caster; FIG. 7 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8 are partially cutaway front views showing the connection between the artificial heart drive device main body and the caster;
Figure d and Figure 8e are a perspective view, a cross-sectional view, and a cross-sectional view, respectively, showing the tank unit in the artificial heart drive device.
A sectional view taken along the line CC in Fig. 8b, a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the terminal and the tank, and a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the pressure sensor and the tank, Fig. 9a,
9b, 9c, and 9d are a plan view, a right side view, a left side view, and an enlarged vertical sectional view of the electromagnetic valve 42, respectively, and FIG. 10 is an outline of the configuration of the artificial heart drive device shown in FIG. 1. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the arithmetic units CPU1 and 2 shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the remote operation unit, and FIGS. 13a and 13 are
Figure b is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the control device CON1 shown in Figure 10, Figure 14 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the control device CON2 shown in Figure 10, and Figure 15 is the circuit configuration of the sound generator SGU. A block diagram showing
16a, 16b, and 16c are flowcharts of a main routine, an interrupt processing routine, and a subroutine, respectively, showing the operation flow of the arithmetic unit CPU1, and FIGS. 17a and 17b show the operation flow of the arithmetic unit CPU2. The flowchart, FIG. 18, is a block diagram of a sound generating device according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1: Artificial heart drive device main body, 2a, 2b: tube, 3: caster, 4: casing, 5: printed circuit board, 6: film, 7, 8: hole, 11:
Valve housing, 30, 37: Small hole, 31: Casing, 36: Packing, 40: Tank unit (positive pressure, negative pressure accumulation tank), 41: Pressure sensor, 4
2: Solenoid valve (positive pressure regulating valve means, negative pressure regulating valve means),
43: Solenoid valve (positive pressure switching valve means, negative pressure switching valve means), 44, 46, 47: Panel, 45: Hole, 4
8, 49, 50: tube, 51: terminal, 52,
53: Connector, 60R, 60L: Artificial heart (artificial heart pump), 61R, 61L: Compressor (positive pressure source), 62R, 62L: Vacuum pump (negative pressure source), 65, 66R, 66L, 66S, 68, 6
9: Kotoku, 67R, 67L, 67S: Lamp (display means), 70R, 70L, 70S: Manual switching valve (system switching valve means), 70RS, 70LS, 70
SS: Electrical contact (state detection means), 71R, 71
L: Solenoid valve, CON2: Control device (control means), K
1: Switch (system switching instruction switch means).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Positive pressure source; Positive pressure accumulator tank; Positive pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the positive pressure source and whose output end is open to the inner space of the positive pressure accumulator tank; Input end positive pressure switching valve means that is open to the inner space of the positive pressure accumulator;
Negative pressure source; Negative pressure accumulator tank; Negative pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the negative pressure source and whose output end is open to the internal space of the negative pressure accumulator tank; At least two sets of pressure control assemblies including: negative pressure switching valve means open to space; and an output passage connecting the output end of the positive pressure switching valve means and the output end of the negative pressure switching valve means to each other: System switching valve means interposed in the flow path connecting the output flow path of each pressure control assembly and the drive pressure chamber of the artificial heart pump; System changeover instruction switch means; and The positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are controlled to open and close according to the pulsation rhythm of the living body, and when the system switching instruction switch means is turned on, the positive pressure switching of the first set of pressure control assemblies is controlled. The valve means and the positive pressure switching valve means of the second set of pressure control assemblies are substantially simultaneously controlled to open and close, and the negative pressure switching valve means of the first set of pressure control assemblies and the second set of pressure control assemblies are controlled to open and close substantially simultaneously. An artificial heart drive device comprising: control means for substantially simultaneously controlling opening and closing of the negative pressure switching valve means. 2. Each of the system switching valve means is equipped with a state detection means and a display means for outputting an electric signal according to the open/closed state of the valve, and the control means is configured to perform a predetermined signal when the system switching valve instruction switch means is turned on. The artificial intelligence according to claim 1, wherein the display means of each system switching valve means is energized and controlled according to the drive system switching sequence and the state of the electric signal outputted by each system switching valve means. Heart drive device.