JPH0116181B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Object of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an artificial heart drive device, and more particularly to an artificial heart drive device that drives the artificial heart by alternately applying positive pressure and negative pressure to the artificial heart using a fluid such as air. [Prior Art] From the viewpoint of safety, it is important for an artificial heart to be driven so as to provide blood with a pulsating flow that closely resembles the pulsation of a living heart. Various types of artificial hearts are known, such as diaphragm type, sack type, and piston type, and these are generally driven by receiving a predetermined pressure from a fluid such as air. In order to drive an artificial heart under the best conditions depending on the condition of the living body, a drive device that outputs accurate pressure according to the conditions at a predetermined timing is required. That is, a drive device that can accurately and quickly set the heart rate, positive pressure, negative pressure, duration or duty ratio for applying positive pressure and negative pressure to predetermined values to predetermined values is desirable. Conventionally, in artificial heart drive devices, mechanical pressure reducing valves and the like have been used in positive pressure systems and negative pressure systems, respectively, as means for obtaining accurate pressure. In the artificial heart drive device, the output end of the positive pressure system and the output end of the negative pressure system are connected to each other in order to alternately apply positive pressure and negative pressure to the artificial heart. For switching, solenoid valves for opening/closing control are provided at the output end of the positive pressure system and the output end of the negative pressure system, respectively. These electromagnetic valves are controlled by a control device to alternately open and close at predetermined timings according to a set heart rate. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in this type of artificial heart drive device, there is a disadvantage that noise generation cannot be avoided because the solenoid valve is constantly driven to open and close. If a solenoid valve is covered with a soundproof cover or the like in order to avoid noise, the device becomes large, difficult to move, and expensive. In an environment where an artificial heart and its drive device are used, it is necessary to avoid as much as possible the generation of noise that would interfere with the concentration of the doctor during surgery or that would cause discomfort to the patient. . The first object of the present invention is to reduce the generation of noise that may disturb doctors and patients in an artificial heart drive device, and the second object is to provide an artificial heart drive device that is relatively small and inexpensive. The purpose of [Structure of the Invention] [Means for Solving the Problems 1] In order to achieve the above object, in the first invention, the positive pressure regulating valve means is disposed in the inner space of the positive pressure accumulating tank, and Negative pressure regulating valve means is arranged in the inner space of the negative pressure accumulating tank. In other words, in this type of artificial heart drive device, a positive pressure drive system that generates positive pressure fluid that contracts the blood sac of the artificial heart pump and a negative pressure drive system that generates negative pressure fluid that expands the blood sac. The positive pressure drive system includes a positive pressure regulating valve means for maintaining the generated positive pressure at a target pressure, and a positive pressure regulating valve means for controlling the application of positive pressure to the artificial heart pump on/off. A switching valve means is provided, and the negative pressure drive system is provided with a negative pressure regulating valve means for maintaining the magnitude of the generated negative pressure at a target pressure, and a negative pressure regulating valve means for turning on/off the application of negative pressure to the artificial heart pump. Among the valve means that generate noise, the positive pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure regulating valve means are connected to a pressure accumulating tank (i.e., an accumulator) provided to keep the pressure constant. ). [Effect 1] According to this, the noise emitted by the positive pressure regulating valve means is blocked by the wall of the positive pressure accumulating tank, and the noise produced by the negative pressure regulating valve means is blocked by the wall of the negative pressure accumulating tank, so that the drive The noise leaking to the outside of the device is reduced. Furthermore, the number of pipes, joints, etc. that connect the accumulator and the solenoid valve can be reduced, and the throttling effect caused by these pipes and joints can be eliminated, allowing smooth switching between positive pressure and negative pressure. Therefore, good pressure characteristics can be obtained. Furthermore, since a cover covering the solenoid valve is not required, there is no wasted space and the device becomes more compact. As the positive pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure regulating valve means,
A mechanical pressure regulating valve, a combination of a solenoid valve, a pressure sensor, and a control device can be used. Therefore, when trying to maintain a constant pressure in a pressure storage tank, the frequency of the sound generated when the solenoid valve opens and closes is high.
Since the volume is large and the quality of the sound changes randomly as the duty is adjusted, it tends to produce noise that is relatively unpleasant to humans. However, since the opening and closing operations of the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are controlled so as to be substantially synchronized with the movement of the human heart, the sound generated by them has a constant period. Since the volume is relatively low and the frequency is low, it is unlikely to be unpleasant to humans. Furthermore, if the positive pressure regulating valve means, the negative pressure regulating valve means,
The noise emitted by the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are all equally Po, and the ratio of the noise levels inside and outside the positive pressure accumulator tank and the negative pressure accumulator tank is 10:1 (the noise level varies depending on the tank). For example, if the present invention is not implemented, that is, if the positive pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure regulating valve means are arranged outside the pressure accumulation tank, , (except in special cases) Po×4, i.e. four times the noise emitted by a single valve means, and when implementing the invention it is Po×2+Po/5, which is clearly reduced. Therefore, if the positive pressure regulating valve means is arranged in the inner space of the positive pressure accumulation tank and the negative pressure regulating valve means is arranged in the inner space of the negative pressure accumulation tank, the noise generated from the artificial heart drive device can be sufficiently reduced. The effect of the present invention can be obtained. [Means for solving the problem 2] In order to achieve the above object, in the second invention, the positive pressure switching valve means is arranged in the inner space of the positive pressure accumulator tank, and the negative pressure switching valve means is placed in the inner space of the negative pressure accumulation tank. In other words, in this type of artificial heart drive device, a positive pressure drive system that generates positive pressure fluid that contracts the blood sac of the artificial heart pump and a negative pressure drive system that generates negative pressure fluid that expands the blood sac. The positive pressure drive system includes a positive pressure regulating valve means for maintaining the generated positive pressure at a target pressure, and a positive pressure switching means for controlling on/off of application of positive pressure to the artificial heart pump. The negative pressure drive system includes a negative pressure regulating valve means for maintaining the magnitude of the generated negative pressure at a target pressure, and a negative pressure regulating valve means for turning on/off the application of negative pressure to the artificial heart pump. Of the valve means that generate noise, the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are provided with a pressure accumulating tank (i.e., an accumulator) provided to keep the pressure constant. Place it inside. [Effect 2] According to this, the noise generated by the positive pressure switching valve means is blocked by the wall of the positive pressure accumulation tank, and the noise generated by the negative pressure switching valve means is blocked by the wall of the negative pressure accumulation tank, so that Noise leaking to the outside of the drive device is reduced. Furthermore, the number of pipes, joints, etc. that connect the accumulator and the solenoid valve can be reduced, and the throttling effect caused by these pipes and joints can be eliminated, allowing smooth switching between positive pressure and negative pressure. Therefore, good pressure characteristics can be obtained. Furthermore, since a cover covering the solenoid valve is not required, there is no wasted space and the device becomes more compact. The degree of noise, such as discomfort caused by the noise generated by the positive pressure regulating valve means and negative pressure regulating valve means, and the noise generated by the positive pressure switching valve means and negative pressure switching valve means, depends on the type of valve used for them. If the latter type of noise is more unpleasant than the former, the positive pressure switching valve means is placed in the internal space of the positive pressure accumulator tank, and the negative pressure switching valve means By arranging this in the inner space of the negative pressure accumulation tank, the noise generated from the artificial heart drive device can be sufficiently reduced. Furthermore, if the positive pressure regulating valve means, the negative pressure regulating valve means,
The noise emitted by the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are all equally Po, and the ratio of the noise levels inside and outside the positive pressure accumulator tank and the negative pressure accumulator tank is 10:1 (the noise level varies depending on the tank). For example, if the present invention is not implemented, that is, if the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are arranged outside the pressure accumulation tank, , (except in special cases) Po×4, i.e. four times the noise emitted by a single valve means, and when implementing the invention it is Po×2+Po/5, which is clearly reduced. Therefore, if the positive pressure switching valve means is arranged in the inner space of the positive pressure accumulation tank and the negative pressure switching valve means is arranged in the inner space of the negative pressure accumulation tank, the noise generated from the artificial heart drive device can be sufficiently reduced. The effect of the present invention can be obtained. [Means for solving the problem 3] In order to achieve the above object, in the third invention, both the positive pressure regulating valve means and the positive pressure switching valve means are arranged in the inner space of the positive pressure accumulating tank. , and both the negative pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are arranged in the inner space of the negative pressure accumulating tank. In other words, in this type of artificial heart drive device, a positive pressure drive system that generates positive pressure fluid that contracts the blood sac of the artificial heart pump and a negative pressure drive system that generates negative pressure fluid that expands the blood sac. The positive pressure drive system includes a positive pressure regulating valve means for maintaining the generated positive pressure at a target pressure, and a positive pressure regulating valve means for controlling the application of positive pressure to the artificial heart pump on/off. A switching valve means is provided, and the negative pressure drive system is provided with a negative pressure regulating valve means for maintaining the magnitude of the generated negative pressure at a target pressure, and a negative pressure regulating valve means for turning on/off the application of negative pressure to the artificial heart pump. However, all of the valve means that generate noise are arranged inside a pressure storage tank of a positive pressure system or a negative pressure system provided to keep the pressure constant. [Effect 3] According to this, the noise generated by the positive pressure regulating valve means and the positive pressure switching valve means is blocked by the wall of the positive pressure accumulating tank, and the noise produced by the negative pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means is blocked. Since it is blocked by the negative pressure storage tank wall,
Noise leaking to the outside of the drive device is reduced. Moreover, the piping connecting the accumulator and the solenoid valve,
It is possible to reduce the number of joints, etc., eliminate the throttling effect caused by these piping and joints, and smoothly switch between positive pressure and negative pressure. Therefore, good pressure characteristics can be obtained. Furthermore, since a cover covering the solenoid valve is not required, there is no wasted space and the device becomes more compact. Suppose that the noises emitted by the positive pressure regulating valve means, the negative pressure regulating valve means, the positive pressure switching valve means, and the negative pressure switching valve means are all Po, and the noise levels inside and outside the positive pressure accumulator tank and the negative pressure accumulator tank are The ratio is 10:1 (the tank attenuates the noise level by 1/10)
For example, if the present invention is not implemented, the positive pressure regulating valve means, the positive pressure switching valve means, the negative pressure regulating valve means, and the negative pressure switching valve means are arranged outside the pressure accumulation tank. (except in special cases), the noise would be Po x 4, i.e. 4 times the noise emitted by a single valve means, and when the present invention is practiced it would be Po x 2/5, which is clearly Reduced. Therefore, if the positive pressure regulating valve means and the positive pressure switching valve means are arranged in the inner space of the positive pressure accumulating tank, and the negative pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are arranged in the inner space of the negative pressure accumulating tank. , the noise generated from the artificial heart drive device is sufficiently reduced, and the effects of the present invention can be obtained. Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a terminal having a thread formed on the tapered surface is provided on the pressure accumulation tank, and a solenoid valve disposed inside the pressure accumulation tank and a control device outside the pressure accumulation tank are electrically connected via this terminal. Connect to. According to this, the electromagnetic valve can be easily attached to and removed from the pressure accumulation tank, and the seal can be perfected. [Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of one type of artificial heart drive device implementing the present invention. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 1 is the main body of the artificial heart drive device; 1
A is an operation panel, 1b is a display panel, and 1c is a connection panel. The inside of the display panel 1b shows the positive pressure, negative pressure, and duty ratio of positive pressure and negative pressure for the right heart, the positive pressure, negative pressure, and duty ratio of positive pressure and negative pressure for the left heart, heart rate, and The pressure on the right and left side (yin/yang) is displayed. The connection panel 1c has a remote control unit that can be attached and detached using a connector.
The REM cable is connected to tubes 2a and 2b that apply pressure to the right and left artificial hearts. The artificial heart drive device main body 1 is movably supported by four casters 3. Figure 2a is a front view showing the remote operation unit REM;
Figure b is an enlarged sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 2a. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2a and 2b. The remote control unit REM is capable of remotely controlling all parameters of the main body of the artificial heart drive device, and has 14 operating sections S1 to S14. Operation parts S1 to S4 are positive pressure increase, positive pressure decrease, negative pressure increase, and negative pressure reduction on the left side, respectively, and operation parts S5 to S
8 is for increasing positive pressure, decreasing positive pressure, increasing negative pressure, and decreasing negative pressure, respectively on the right side, and operation parts S9/S10 are for increasing the duration of positive pressure or negative pressure (or duty of positive pressure and negative pressure) on the left side, respectively. The operating sections S11 and S12 are for increasing and decreasing the duration of the positive pressure or negative pressure on the right side, and the operating sections S13 and S14 are for increasing and decreasing the heart rate, respectively. PX
is a light emitting diode that indicates that the artificial heart drive device is powered on and that the REM is connected to the main body, and SP is a speaker that outputs a sound to notify when the switch is pressed.
The casing 4 of the remote operation board REM is made of synthetic resin. A printed circuit board 5 is fixed inside the casing 4 on which key switches SW9 and SW11 with relatively short strokes are mounted at positions corresponding to the respective operating sections. A hole is made in the casing 4 at the position of each operation part, and a flexible film 6 is pasted to cover the surface of the hole to make the internal switches etc. waterproof. Holes 7 and 8 are provided to attract the remote operation board REM to a predetermined position. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the caster 3, FIG. 4a, FIG. 4b, FIG. 4c, and FIG. 4d are a front view, a left side view, a right side view, and a vertical sectional view of the casing 31 constituting the caster 3, respectively. FIG. 5 is a front view of the bolt 32 for fixing the caster 3;
6a and 6b are a front view and a left side view of the stand 33 that supports the caster 3, and FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view showing the connection between the artificial heart drive device main body 1 and the caster 3. Figure 3, 4a
4b, 4c, 4d, 5, 6a, 6b and 7. The casing 31 has three holes 31a and 31b.
and 31c are provided. One hole 31a is for connecting the caster body 3a and the casing 31, and the other hole 31b is for connecting the stand 33.
The other hole 31c is for inserting the bolt 32. As shown in FIG. 5, the bolt 32 has a tapered head to make it easier to grip and less likely to slip, and a thread is formed only in a portion near the head. The stand 33 is composed of a plate-shaped portion and a protrusion 34. The protrusion 34 is provided with a hole 34a that communicates with a hole in the casing 31. 33a is a hole for a bolt for fixing the stand 33 to the main body 1 of the artificial heart drive device. Normally, the artificial heart drive device main body 1 and the caster 3 are the seventh
As shown in the figure, they are connected to form a single body. That is, the protrusion 34 of the stand 33 fixed to the artificial heart drive device main body 1 is inserted into the hole 31b of the caster 3, the holes 31c and 34a are aligned, and the bolt 32 is inserted into the hole and fixed. 35 is a sterilized sealing vinyl, and 36 is a packing. What makes the casters removable in this way is
This is so that dirty casters can be replaced with sterilized casters. When transporting the artificial heart drive device into a clean room, operating room, etc.,
From the artificial heart drive device in the state shown in the figure, replace the caster at the entrance of a clean room, etc. as follows. First, the bolt 32 is unscrewed and removed, and since the engagement between the hole 31b and the protrusion 34 is relatively tight, the caster 3 is rotated relative to the protrusion 34 and removed. After removing the packing 36 and the sealing vinyl 35, a sterilized caster is inserted into the protrusion 34 and a sterilized bolt is attached. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and 8e. Figure 8a, 8th
Figure b, Figure 8c, Figure 8d, and Figure 8e are a perspective view and a cross-sectional view (cross section taken along line b-b in Figure 8c) of the tank unit 40 provided inside the artificial heart drive device body 1, respectively. , c- in Figure 8b.
They are a sectional view taken along line C, a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the terminal and the tank, and a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the pressure sensor 41 and the tank. This tank unit 40 has four tanks (accumulators), and one tank unit forms part of a positive pressure system and a negative pressure system for a pair of (left and right) artificial hearts. There is. Each of the four tanks has
Two electromagnetic valves 42, 43 and a pressure sensor 41 are provided. The solenoid valve 43 is of a general open/close control type, and the solenoid valve 42 is a solenoid controlled valve whose opening degree is controlled according to the energization level, as will be described later.
The solenoid valve 42 of each block (tank) has an input port 42a or an output port 42b connected to a hole 45a in a panel 44a, 44b, 44c or 44d, respectively.
45b, 45c, or 45d, and their other ports (output ports or input ports) are open to the space within each block.
The solenoid valve 43 of each block has one port 43a open to the space within each block, and the other port 43b inserted into holes 46a, 46b of panel 46 or holes 47a, 47b of panel 47 and fixed thereto. Each panel 44a, 44b, 44c, 44d
The holes 45a, 45b, 45c, 45d
Tubes 48a, 48b, 48 so as to communicate with
c, 48d are connected. Tubes 48a and 48d are each connected to a vacuum pump that is a negative pressure source, and tubes 48b and 48c are each connected to a compressor that is a positive pressure source. The holes 46a and 46b of the panel 46 communicate with each other, and a tube 49 is connected to the flow path.
Further, the holes 47a and 47b of the panel 47 communicate with each other, and the tube 50 is connected to the flow path. Tubes 49 and 50 are connected to the left and right artificial hearts, respectively. Panel 44a,
Four terminals 51 and a pressure sensor 41 are fixed to each of 44b, 44c and 44d. Terminal 51 and pressure sensor 41 are mounted as shown in Figures 8d and 8e. terminal 5
1 is composed of a rod-shaped conductor 51a and an insulating nipple 51b that holds it. Insulating nipple 51
b is made of Teflon. The panel 44 has a threaded tapered hole, and the insulating nipple 51b has a corresponding shape.
The conductor 51a and the insulating nipple 51b are also fixed with tapered screws. Since these tapered threads perform the sealing function, special sealing elements are not required. Each terminal 51 has a solenoid valve 42 and 43.
The lead wire 54 from the solenoid is connected to the connector 52.
and 53. The pressure sensor 41 is fixed to the panel 44 with a tapered screw similar to the terminal 51. This will be explained with reference to FIGS. 9a, 9b, 9c and 9d. Figure 9a, Figure 9b, Figure 9
Figures c and 9d are a plan view, a right side view, a left side view, and an enlarged longitudinal sectional view, respectively, of the electromagnetic valve (electromagnetic control valve) 42 used in this embodiment. The first port 1 is connected to the valve housing 11 of the electromagnetic control valve 42.
2 and a second port 13 are formed. The inner space of the housing 11 is a valve seat 14, and the first port 1
2, a first internal chamber 15 and a second port 13 communicate with each other.
It is divided into a second interior chamber 16 that communicates with the interior. A magnetic coil case 18 is fixed to the valve housing 11 with a sealing material 17 interposed therebetween. case 18
A coil bobbin 20 with a coil 19 wound thereon is inserted, and this is attached to magnetic bases 21 and 22.
is supported. A fixed magnetic core 23 is fixed to the base 21 . The core 23 is hollow,
A non-magnetic guide rod 24 passes through it. A movable magnetic core 25 is fixed to the rod 24. One end of the rod 24 is pushed to the left by a coil spring 26. The other end of the rod 24 passes through a bearing 27 and a bellows 28, and a valve body 29 is fixed to that end. The interior space of the bellows 28 passes through the small holes 30 and 37 into the first interior chamber 15 (as shown) or the second interior chamber 16 (the rod 2
4 is driven to the right). When coil 19 is energized, core 23 - core 2
5-Base 22-Case 18-Base 21-Core 23 generates a circulating magnetic flux, and the core 25 and core 23
The rod 24 moves to the right to the point where this suction force and the repulsive force of the coil spring 26 are balanced, and the valve body 29 moves toward the valve seat 1.
From 4, move away by a distance according to the suction force. The end surface 23a of the core 23 is mountain-shaped, and the end surface 23a of the core 25 is
5a has a concave shape that receives the central protrusion, and the inner surfaces 23b of the chevron-shaped protrusions at both ends are tapered. Due to the existence of this taper, the energization level and the amount of movement of the rod 24 (the gap between 23a and 25a) are in a proportional relationship over a wide range. Furthermore, this type of solenoid valve has a movable part that has good responsiveness and can perform opening/closing control at high speed. FIG. 10 shows an outline of the configuration of the artificial heart drive device shown in FIG. 1 together with the artificial heart. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 60R and 60L are artificial hearts, which are connected to an artificial heart drive device through tubes 2a and 2b. Tubes 2a and 2b are each connected to an output end of tank unit 40. 61R and 61L are compressors,
62R and 62L are vacuum pumps. The solenoids of the four solenoid valves 42 and the pressure sensor 41 are connected to the control device CON1, and the four solenoid valves 43 are connected to the control device CON2. Arithmetic units CPU1 and CPU2 are connected to the control units CON1 and CON2, respectively. Operation terminals for instructing changes in positive pressure, negative pressure, heart rate, and duty are connected to the input ports of the computing devices CPU1 and CPU2. The operating end is
It consists of a main body operating board SWU provided on the operating panel 1a of the artificial heart drive main body 1 and a remote operating board REM for remote control. The main unit operation board SWU and the remote operation board REM are connected in parallel as described later. A predetermined signal from the sound generator SGU is supplied to the remote operation board REM. Sound generator SGU is arithmetic unit CPU1
and controlled by CPU2. The display device DSU is
It consists of a 7-segment light emitting diode display for numerical display, etc., and is connected to the control device CON1 and
It is dynamically driven by the digit drive signal and segment drive signal from CON2. FIG. 11 shows the configuration of one of the arithmetic units CPU1 and CPU2 shown in FIG. 10. This microcomputer unit uses Hitachi's single board microcomputer unit H62SC01. The H62SC01 uses a 6802 series microprocessor and is equipped with I/O ports, timers, RAM, ROM, etc. The RAM used in this embodiment is CMOS type HM6116. FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the remote operation unit REM. SW1 to SW14 are key switches provided corresponding to the operation parts S1 to S14 shown in FIG. 2a, respectively; SP is a speaker;
PL is a light emitting diode. Figures 13a and 13b are control device CON
1 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of a circuit included in FIG. Integrated circuit (IC) used in control device CON1
The list is shown in Table 1.

【table】

[Table] First, explanation will be given with reference to FIG. 13a. Connector J1 is connected to output port P3 of arithmetic unit CPU1, and in order to perform dynamic display, display data from CPU1 is inputted separately into two BCD signals: display digit data and display numerical data. The display data output by the CPU 1 includes positive pressure and negative pressure data for each left and right system. Integrated circuit Z1 decodes the BCD signal of display digit data and applies it to transistors Tr1 to Tr6 and inverter Z14. Transistors Tr1 to Tr6
is connected to the anode (digit electrode) of the light emitting diode display. Integrated circuits Z2 to Z5 each convert the BCD signal of displayed numerical data into a 7-segment signal, and the 7-segment signal is sent to drivers Z6 to Z.
9 to each cathode (segment electrode) of the light emitting diode display. The key switch contact of the main unit operation board SWU and the key switch contact of the remote operation board REM are connected to connector J2.
are connected in parallel in the vicinity of the integrated circuit Z1
2 and Z13. Integrated circuit Z1
2 and Z13 have a circuit for removing chattering of the mechanical contacts, and the signal from which the chattering has been removed is sent to the integrated circuit Z10 via the inverter Z11.
to be applied. The integrated circuit Z10 outputs binary codes corresponding to the pressed key switches to the microcomputer CPU1 in a predetermined priority order.
SSR1 to SSR4 are solid state relays, which are controlled on/off by the output port of the microcomputer CPU1 via the buffer Z15. Solid state relay SSR1~SSR
4 is connected to each electromagnetic valve 42 via a connector J4. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 13b. Z16 is Deitel's 16 channel 12 bit A/D converter.
HDAS-16MC. Z16 terminal BIT1~
BIT12 is the signal output terminal, and BIT1 to BIT4
BIT9 to BIT12 are connected to each other. A 12-bit signal is applied to the input port of the microcomputer CPU1 in two parts of 8 bits each.
Switching between BIT1~4 and BIT5~12 is done by CPU1 using Z16.
This is done by controlling each terminal of EN1, EN2 and EN3. Terminals A1, A2, A4 and A8 are for selecting input channels.
HDAS-16 has 16 channels of input ports, but in this embodiment, 8 channels are connected to connector J5, and 4 of them are connected to connector J5.
Signals from each pressure sensor 41, that is, right positive pressure signal RPP, right negative pressure signal RNP, left positive pressure signal LPP, and left negative pressure signal LNP are input to the channel. FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the control device CON2, and FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing the circuit configuration of the sound generating device SGU. Figures 14 and 15
This will be explained with reference to the figures. Table 2 shows a list of integrated circuits used in the control device CON2 and the sound generator VSU.

[Table] The control device CON2 has a similar configuration to the above-mentioned control device CON1, but since the control device CON2 does not detect pressure, it is not provided with an A/D converter. Connectors J6 and J7 are connected to ports P3 and P2 of arithmetic unit CPU2, respectively. Connector J10 is connected to a solenoid of electromagnetic valve 43. Integrated circuits Z30 and Z3
1 is connected to the main unit operation board via connector J8.
Each key switch contact point is connected to instruct the SWU and the remote control board REM to increase or decrease the heart rate, and increase or decrease the ratio of the period of applying positive pressure to the period of applying negative pressure on the left and right sides. sound generator
The SGU is mainly composed of three integrated circuits Z36 to Z38. These integrated circuits Z36-Z3
8 produces a signal at the output terminal OUT with a frequency corresponding to the state of each of the six input ports. Connector J
11, a signal "OPEN/CLOSE" indicating whether a key has been operated or not, and a signal "UP/DOWN" indicating whether the operated key is instructing to raise or lower the key.
are input from CPU1 and CPU2, respectively. Reset input terminal of integrated circuits Z36 to Z38
A high level H is applied to RES when no key is pressed, and Z36 to Z38 are reset. When a low level L is applied to the reset input terminal RES, the output terminal of Z36 has the following logic level depending on the logic level of the output terminal of the OR gate OR1.
A 3.2KHz or 1.6KHz pulse signal appears. Z
37 always outputs a 2 Hz pulse signal when the RES terminal is L, and applies that signal to the input port of Z38. When the output terminal of Z37 is H, Z38 outputs the 3.2Hz or 1.6KHz pulse signal from Z36 as it is to the output terminal, and when the output terminal of Z37 is L, it outputs the pulse signal from Z36 by 1/2. Output the cycled signal to the output terminal. Therefore, for example, if you press the left pressure increase operation part S1 on the remote operation board REM, the UP/
The DOWN signal becomes H, the close/open signal from CPU1 becomes H, a 3.2KHz pulse signal appears at the output end of Z36, and the frequency changes to 3.2KHz or 1.6KHz at the output end of Z38 every 0.5 seconds. , a pulse signal appears. Further, when the left pressure reduction operation part S2 is pressed, a 1.6KHz pulse signal appears at the output end of Z36, and a pulse signal whose frequency changes to 1.6KHz or 0.8KHz every 0.5 seconds appears at the output end of Z38. This signal is the remote control board
Applied to the REM speaker. FIGS. 16a, 16b, and 16c show the general operation flow of the arithmetic unit CPU1, and each
This is a flowchart of a main program, an interrupt processing program, and a tank press-fitting subroutine.
Figure 10, Figure 13a, Figure 13b, Figure 16a
With reference to Figures 16b and 16c,
The operation of CPU1 will be explained. First, to give an overview, the arithmetic unit CPU reads key inputs on the main unit operation board SWU or remote operation board REM,
Reading of each tank pressure (pressure sensor 41), constant pressure control of each tank pressure (duty control of solenoid valve 42), changing pressure parameters according to key input,
Outputs display data and instructs sound generation. When the power is turned on, initial values are set for each parameter and interrupts are enabled. In this example, the initial values are RPP, RNP, LPP and LNP
respectively +30, -30, +100 and -50 [mmHg]
The upper and lower limits of each pressure are 0/+150, -100/0, 0/+300 and -150/0, respectively.
It is set at 0 [mmHg]. Interrupts are generated periodically every 4ms by a timer in the CPU1.
When an interrupt occurs, the microprocessor
Execute the interrupt processing routine shown in the figure. In the interrupt processing routine, first select the A/D converter Z16, change the input channels to CH0, CH1, CH3, and CH4 in order to calculate the pressure RPP,
A/D converting RNP, LPP and LNP in order,
Read the converted digital data. Furthermore, "1" or "0" is output to a predetermined port of P3 to control the solid state relays SSR1 to SSR4 and turn the four solenoid valves 42 on or off.
This on/off switching is done according to the duty parameter set in the memory of CPU1.
This is done by inverting from on to off once every n2 interrupts and from off to on once every n2 interrupts. Therefore, by changing the parameters, the duty ratio between the on time and off time of the solenoid valve 42 is changed. This duty ratio is
The pressure of the tank is maintained at a predetermined pressure by controlling according to the comparison result between the detected pressure of each tank and the target pressure. In the tank pressure input subroutine, the pressure data of each tank read from the A/D converter Z16 is averaged and the data is converted into 4-digit decimal data for display. The reason for averaging the pressure data is to remove short-term minute fluctuations in pressure due to opening and closing of valves. When a key is input, it is determined which key was pressed, and the parameter associated with that key is increased (or decreased) little by little. Also, it determines whether the pressed key is for raising or lowering, applies a close/open signal and an UP/DOWN signal to connector J11, and generates a predetermined sound from the speaker of the remote operation board REM. . Note that the mnemonic code TR1 shown in FIG. 16b indicates a return instruction (return from interrupt), and RTS indicates a return instruction (return from subroutine). FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the general operation of the arithmetic unit CPU2. The operation will be explained with reference to FIG. When the power is turned on, the microprocessor first sets each I/O port to its initial state, and calculates the heart rate, the ratio of the time for applying positive and negative pressure to the left and right sides (duty, or the duration of positive pressure and negative pressure). time) parameters to their initial values.
In this example, the initial values of each parameter are the heart rate of 100 rpm, the duty of the left artificial heart to 45% (duration 270 ms), and the duty of the right artificial heart to 55% (duration 330 ms). There is. In interrupt processing, the logic level of a predetermined output port is changed from "1" to "0" at a certain timing according to a predetermined parameter (heart rate).
Or update from "0" to "1", control solid state relays SSR5 to SSR8, and solenoid valve 43
Open and close. It also outputs display data (digit data and segment data). When a key is input, the key operation is continued while determining which key was pressed and checking whether the value of the parameter associated with that key exceeds the upper or lower limit. Increment or decrement while Arithmetic processing is performed on various parameters related to that parameter. This process is
Jump to each subroutine. The subroutine group includes a subroutine that calculates the duration of one beat related to heart rate, a subroutine that calculates the duration of the left artificial heart, a subroutine that calculates the duration of the right artificial heart, a subroutine that calculates the duty of the left artificial heart, It consists of a subroutine that calculates the duty of the right artificial heart, a subroutine that performs division, a subroutine that performs multiplication, etc. When this calculation is completed, each updated parameter is recorded in the display memory, and after a predetermined period of time, the process returns to the interrupt wait process. When the next interrupt occurs, the updated data will be displayed. In the embodiment described above, the solenoid valve 42
Although the pressure is controlled by constantly energizing the valve to open and close and changing the duty of the opening time and the closing time, the solenoid valve 42 may be energized only when the output signal of the pressure sensor 41 exceeds a predetermined value. Further, in the embodiment, a sound of a predetermined frequency is generated from the speaker of the remote operation board REM, but a parameter corresponding to a pressed key may be outputted as a sound. In that case, a circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 18 may be used, for example. In Figure 18, Z3
9, Z40 and Z41 are Texas Instruments TMS1000, TMS5100 and TMS5100, respectively.
It is TMS6100. TMS1000 is a microprocessor, TMS5100 is a speech synthesis chip, and TMS6100 is a
It is a 128Kbit mask ROM. Connector J11
is connected to the arithmetic units CPU1 and CPU2, and outputs a predetermined sound generation command from each arithmetic unit CPU1 and CPU2 to the microprocessor Z36.
Remote operation board REM outputs audio signals
to the speakers. [Effects] As explained above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. In the first invention, the operating noise (that is, noise) generated by the positive pressure regulating valve means is blocked by the positive pressure accumulator tank wall, and the operating noise produced by the negative pressure regulating valve means is blocked by the negative pressure accumulating tank wall. As a result, the amount of noise leaking to the outside of the artificial heart drive device is considerably reduced compared to the case where these valve means are arranged outside the pressure accumulator tank. Therefore, the noise does not disturb the concentration of the doctor during surgery or cause discomfort or anxiety to the patient, so the artificial heart can be used in a general operating room without the need for a special noise prevention cover. It can be used in hospitals, hospital rooms, etc. In the above embodiment, the positive pressure and negative pressure regulating valve means (electromagnetic valve 42) is a negative pressure accumulator tank (tank unit).
Since the duty ratio of the opening/closing time is controlled to be changed according to the internal pressure, the operating speed of the valve is fast, and the noise generated thereby has a high frequency and a large volume. Furthermore, even when duty control is not performed, for example, when controlling a valve to open only when the detected pressure is small, the valve opening/closing timing is not constant and the valve opening/closing speed is fast. The resulting noise is generated randomly and is relatively unpleasant and harsh to humans. On the other hand, the valve means (electromagnetic valve 43) for switching between positive and negative pressures opens and closes in synchronization with the heartbeat, so the sound it generates is rhythmic and has a constant volume. Since the operating cycle is long, the quality of the sound generated is not so unpleasant for humans. Therefore, in this type of configuration, when only one of the pressure adjustment valve means and the positive/negative pressure switching valve means is disposed in the pressure accumulation tank, the pressure adjustment valve means is placed inside the pressure accumulation tank. In general, it is more effective in terms of noise reduction. Further, in the second invention, the operating noise (i.e., noise) generated by the positive pressure switching valve means is blocked by the positive pressure storage tank wall, and the operating noise generated by the negative pressure switching valve means is blocked by the negative pressure storage tank wall. As a result, the amount of noise leaking to the outside of the artificial heart drive device is considerably reduced compared to the case where these valve means are placed outside the pressure accumulator tank. Therefore, the noise does not disturb the concentration of the doctor during surgery or cause discomfort or anxiety to the patient, so the artificial heart can be used in a general operating room without the need for a special noise prevention cover. It can be used in hospitals, hospital rooms, etc. The second invention is effective when the operating noise generated by the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means is louder than the operating noise produced by the positive pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure regulating valve means. Further, in the third invention, the operating sound (i.e. noise) generated by the positive pressure regulating valve means and the positive pressure switching valve means is blocked by the positive pressure accumulating tank wall, and the negative pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are blocked by the positive pressure accumulating tank wall. Since the operating noise emitted by the valve means is blocked by the wall of the negative pressure accumulation tank, the level of noise leaking to the outside of the artificial heart drive device is considerably reduced compared to when the valve means are arranged outside the pressure accumulation tank. be done. Therefore, the noise does not disturb the concentration of the doctor during surgery or cause discomfort or anxiety to the patient, so the artificial heart can be used in a general operating room without the need for a special noise prevention cover. It can be used in hospitals, hospital rooms, etc. The third invention is particularly effective when the positive pressure regulating valve means, the positive pressure switching valve means, the negative pressure regulating valve means, and the negative pressure switching valve means each generate a relatively large operating noise. .

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of an artificial heart drive device showing one embodiment, and Fig. 2a is a remote control unit.
A front view of the REM, Figure 2b is an enlarged sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 2a, Figure 3 is a perspective view of the caster, and Figure 4 is a perspective view of the caster.
Figures a, 4b, 4c and 4d are front views of the casing constituting the caster, respectively;
A left side view, a right side view, and a vertical sectional view; FIG. 5 is a front view of bolts that fix the caster; FIGS. 6a and 6b are a front view and left side view of the stand that supports the caster; FIG. 7 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8 are partially cutaway front views showing the connection between the artificial heart drive device main body and the caster;
Figure d and Figure 8e are a perspective view, a cross-sectional view, and a cross-sectional view, respectively, showing the tank unit in the artificial heart drive device.
A sectional view taken along the line CC in Fig. 8b, a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the terminal and the tank, and a partially enlarged sectional view showing the connection between the pressure sensor and the tank, Fig. 9a,
9b, 9c, and 9d are a plan view, a right side view, a left side view, and an enlarged vertical sectional view of the electromagnetic valve 42, respectively, and FIG. 10 is an outline of the configuration of the artificial heart drive device shown in FIG. 1. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the arithmetic unit CPUs 1 and 2 shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the remote operation unit, and FIGS. 13a and 13b.
The figure is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the control device CON1 shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing the circuit configuration of the control device CON2 shown in FIG. Parameter diagram shown,
16a, 16b, and 16c are flowcharts of a main routine, an interrupt processing routine, and a subroutine showing the operation flow of the arithmetic unit CPU1, and FIG. 17 is a flowchart of the arithmetic unit CPU2.
FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a sound generating device according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1: Artificial heart drive device main body, 2a, 2b: tube (connection tube), 3: caster, 4: casing, 5: printed circuit board, 6: film,
7, 8: Hole, 11: Valve housing, 30, 37:
Small hole, 31: Casing, 36: Packing, 4
1: Pressure sensor, 40: Tank unit (positive pressure,
Negative pressure storage tank), 42: Solenoid valve (positive pressure regulating valve means, negative pressure regulating valve means), 43: Solenoid valve (positive pressure switching valve means, negative pressure switching valve means), 44, 46, 47:
Panel, 45: Hole, 48, 49, 50: Tube, 51: Terminal, 52, 53: Connector, 60
R, 60L: Artificial heart (artificial heart pump), 61
R, 61L: Compressor (positive pressure source), 62R,
62L: Vacuum pump (negative pressure source).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Positive pressure source; Positive pressure accumulator tank; Positive pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the positive pressure source and whose output end is open to the inner space of the positive pressure accumulator tank; Input end positive pressure switching valve means that is open to the inner space of the positive pressure accumulator;
Negative pressure source; Negative pressure accumulator tank; Negative pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the negative pressure source and whose output end is open to the internal space of the negative pressure accumulator tank; negative pressure switching valve means open to space; a connection tube connecting the output end of the positive pressure switching valve means and the output end of the negative pressure switching valve means to each other and connecting them to the driving fluid chamber of the artificial heart pump; and a control means for controlling opening and closing of the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means in synchronization with the pulsation rhythm of the living body;
An artificial heart drive device comprising: The positive pressure regulating valve means is disposed within the positive pressure accumulating tank, and the negative pressure regulating valve means is disposed within the negative pressure accumulating tank. . 2. The positive pressure regulating valve means, the positive pressure switching valve means, the negative pressure regulating valve means, the negative pressure switching valve means, and the control means are electrically connected to each other through a conductor covered with an insulator having a thread formed on a tapered surface. The artificial heart drive device according to claim 1, which is connected to the artificial heart drive device according to claim 1. 3. The artificial heart drive device according to claim 2, wherein the conductor is fixed to the insulator at a tapered surface with a thread formed thereon. 4 Positive pressure source; Positive pressure accumulator tank; Positive pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the positive pressure source and whose output end is open to the inner space of the positive pressure accumulator tank; positive pressure switching valve means open to the inner space;
Negative pressure source; Negative pressure accumulator tank; Negative pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the negative pressure source and whose output end is open to the internal space of the negative pressure accumulator tank; negative pressure switching valve means open to space; a connection tube connecting the output end of the positive pressure switching valve means and the output end of the negative pressure switching valve means to each other and connecting them to the drive fluid chamber of the artificial heart pump; and a control means for controlling opening and closing of the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means in synchronization with the pulsation rhythm of the living body;
An artificial heart drive device comprising: The positive pressure switching valve means is disposed within the positive pressure accumulation tank, and the negative pressure switching valve means is disposed within the negative pressure accumulation tank. . 5 Positive pressure source; Positive pressure accumulator tank; Positive pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the positive pressure source and whose output end is open to the internal space of the positive pressure accumulator tank; positive pressure switching valve means open to the inner space;
Negative pressure source; Negative pressure accumulator tank; Negative pressure regulating valve means whose input end is connected to the output end of the negative pressure source and whose output end is open to the internal space of the negative pressure accumulator tank; negative pressure switching valve means open to space; a connection tube connecting the output end of the positive pressure switching valve means and the output end of the negative pressure switching valve means to each other and connecting them to the drive fluid chamber of the artificial heart pump; and a control means for controlling opening and closing of the positive pressure switching valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means in synchronization with the pulsation rhythm of the living body;
In an artificial heart drive device comprising: The positive pressure regulating valve means and the positive pressure switching valve means are disposed within the positive pressure accumulating tank, and the negative pressure regulating valve means and the negative pressure switching valve means are disposed within the negative pressure accumulating tank. An artificial heart drive device characterized by being placed in.