JPS6344823B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPS6344823B2 JPS6344823B2 JP58091798A JP9179883A JPS6344823B2 JP S6344823 B2 JPS6344823 B2 JP S6344823B2 JP 58091798 A JP58091798 A JP 58091798A JP 9179883 A JP9179883 A JP 9179883A JP S6344823 B2 JPS6344823 B2 JP S6344823B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steel strip
- bearing
- layer
- molten
- reinforcing material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は軸受材料の製造方法に係り、詳しく
は、帯鋼上に軸受金属と繊維状強化材とから成つ
て、しかも、この繊維状強化材が均一に分散しか
つ樹枝状のデンドライト組織が十分に成長した軸
受層が一体に形成された軸受材料の製造方法に係
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bearing material, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bearing material, which comprises a bearing metal and a fibrous reinforcing material on a steel strip, and furthermore, the fibrous reinforcing material is uniformly dispersed and The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a bearing material in which a bearing layer in which a dendritic dendrite structure has sufficiently grown is integrally formed.
一般に、自動車等の回転軸を支承する軸受とし
て帯鋼と軸受金属層とから成るものが用いられて
いる。この軸受合金層の形成には、(1)、帯鋼上に
軸受金属粉末を散布して焼結する方法、(2)、帯鋼
と軸受金属板とを圧着する方法、(3)、帯鋼上に軸
受金属層を形成する溶湯を注湯し、冷却凝固する
方法がある。 2. Description of the Related Art Generally, bearings made of a steel band and a bearing metal layer are used as bearings for supporting rotating shafts of automobiles and the like. This bearing alloy layer can be formed by (1) spreading bearing metal powder onto the steel strip and sintering it, (2) crimping the steel strip and the bearing metal plate, and (3) There is a method of pouring molten metal to form a bearing metal layer on steel and cooling and solidifying it.
これら形成法の中で(3)の方法は軸受金属層が鋳
造組織のものとなるが、次の通りの問題があつ
て、鋳造組織として軸受特性が十分にいかされて
いない。 Among these forming methods, method (3) produces a bearing metal layer of a cast structure, but there are the following problems, and the bearing characteristics are not fully utilized as a cast structure.
すなわち、第１図に示すように、従来の形成法
では、帯鋼１を矢印方向に連続的に供給し、帯鋼
１を例えば高周波やシリコニツト等の両加熱炉
４，５で予熱する。その後、この予熱された帯鋼
１の上に溶解した軸受金属の溶湯８を注ぎ、その
後、帯鋼１の裏面から油６や水７により冷却し、
帯鋼１と軸受金属層とから成る軸受材料を製造す
る。このように製造すると、帯鋼１の裏面からの
みの冷却であるため、凝固組織に方向性が与えら
れ、とくに、垂直荷重に強く、信頼度の高い軸受
材料が得られると云われている。 That is, as shown in FIG. 1, in the conventional forming method, the steel strip 1 is continuously fed in the direction of the arrow, and the steel strip 1 is preheated in both heating furnaces 4 and 5, such as high frequency or siliconite heating furnaces. Thereafter, a molten bearing metal 8 is poured onto the preheated steel strip 1, and then the steel strip 1 is cooled with oil 6 and water 7 from the back side.
A bearing material consisting of a steel band 1 and a bearing metal layer is manufactured. When manufactured in this manner, since the steel strip 1 is cooled only from the back side, directionality is imparted to the solidification structure, and it is said that a bearing material that is particularly resistant to vertical loads and has high reliability can be obtained.
しかし、この方法であると、十分に凝固に方向
性を持たすのには、冷却時の温度コントロールを
厳格に行なうことが必要になり、更に、冷却を油
と水の併用によつて行なつても、帯鋼裏面からの
みの冷却では十分に方向性を持たせて凝固するこ
とがきわめてむづかしい。つまり、高負荷に耐え
る樹枝状のデンドライト組織が生成できない。 However, with this method, it is necessary to strictly control the temperature during cooling in order to achieve sufficient directionality in solidification, and furthermore, cooling is performed using a combination of oil and water. However, it is extremely difficult to solidify with sufficient directionality if the steel strip is cooled only from the back side. In other words, a dendritic dendrite structure that can withstand high loads cannot be generated.
例えば、Cu−Pb合金（ケルメツト）材を帯鋼
上に鋳込む場合、まず帯鋼を洗浄し、高周波およ
びシリコニツト等の加熱炉で1000〜1050℃に予熱
し、その上に1150℃に加熱したCu−24wt％Pb合
金の溶湯を注ぐ。この注湯作業は帯鋼と溶湯との
界面の充分な密着を得るために、N2若しくは非
酸化性雰囲気中で行なわれる。注湯後は、帯鋼裏
面を油、次いで水で急冷し、帯鋼上の溶湯に方向
性を与えて凝固する。 For example, when casting Cu-Pb alloy (Kelmet) material onto a steel strip, the steel strip is first cleaned, preheated to 1000 to 1050°C in a high-frequency or siliconite heating furnace, and then heated to 1150°C. Pour molten Cu-24wt%Pb alloy. This pouring operation is performed in an N 2 or non-oxidizing atmosphere in order to obtain sufficient adhesion at the interface between the steel strip and the molten metal. After pouring, the back side of the steel strip is rapidly cooled with oil and then water, giving direction to the molten metal on the steel strip and solidifying it.
しかし、油や水で帯鋼裏面からのみ冷却するだ
けでは、凝固時に全体にわたつて方向性を与える
ことがむづかしく、更に、冷却時の温度に僅かな
バラツキがあると、Cu−Pb合金の凝固組織が変
化し、一定のものが得られない。 However, if the steel strip is cooled only from the back side with oil or water, it is difficult to provide directionality throughout the solidification process, and furthermore, if there is slight variation in the temperature during cooling, the Cu-Pb alloy The coagulation structure changes and a constant consistency cannot be obtained.
また、このように鋳造された軸受材料は600Kg/
cm2以上の面圧に耐えることを目的としているが、
必ずしもこの目的が達成できず、高荷重用の用途
に供せられないことが多い。 In addition, the bearing material cast in this way weighs 600Kg/
Although it is intended to withstand surface pressure of cm 2 or more,
This purpose cannot always be achieved and it is often not possible to use it for high-load applications.
更に、面圧が600Kg/cm2以上、とくに、700Kg/cm2
程度まで高められると、仮りに、軸受金属層中に
デンドライト組織が均一かつ整然と形成されて
も、耐久性で問題になり、例えば炭化珪素ウイス
カー等の繊維状強化材の配合が必要になる。しか
し、第１図に示す従来法では、この強化材を均一
に配合するところで支障があり、その配合効果が
十分に発揮できない。 Furthermore, the surface pressure is 600Kg/cm 2 or more, especially 700Kg/cm 2
If the dendrite structure is increased to a certain degree, even if a dendrite structure is formed uniformly and orderly in the bearing metal layer, durability becomes a problem, and it becomes necessary to incorporate a fibrous reinforcing material such as silicon carbide whiskers. However, in the conventional method shown in FIG. 1, there is a problem in uniformly blending this reinforcing material, and the blending effect cannot be fully exhibited.
本発明は上記欠点の解決を目的とし、具体的に
は、従来法では注湯時の溶湯の温度管理や冷却時
の水や油の温度管理等が非常にむづかしく、溶湯
を十分に方向性を与えて冷却することが困難で、
鋳造組織にバラツキが生じること、更に、繊維状
強化材を均一かつ簡単に配合できないこと等を解
決することを目的とする。 The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks. Specifically, in the conventional method, it is very difficult to control the temperature of the molten metal during pouring and the temperature of water and oil during cooling, and it is difficult to control the temperature of the molten metal during cooling. It is difficult to give properties and cool down.
The purpose of this method is to solve the problems of variations in the cast structure and the inability to uniformly and easily mix fibrous reinforcing materials.
すなわち、本発明法は、金属粉末と繊維状強化
材とを混合し、この混合物を帯鋼上に散布してか
ら、この混合物を加熱溶融して帯鋼上に一体に繊
維状強化材が均一に分散した溶融層を形成し、そ
の後、この溶融層の表面から加熱すると同時に、
帯鋼の裏面から冷却して帯鋼表面からデンドライ
ト組織を成長させ、続いて、更に冷却することを
特徴とする。 That is, in the method of the present invention, metal powder and fibrous reinforcing material are mixed, this mixture is sprinkled on a steel strip, and then this mixture is heated and melted to uniformly distribute the fibrous reinforcing material on the steel strip. forming a dispersed molten layer, and then heating from the surface of this molten layer at the same time,
It is characterized by cooling the steel strip from the back side to grow a dendrite structure from the surface of the steel strip, and then cooling it further.
そこで、第２図によつて、本発明法を更に具体
的に示すと、次の通りである。 Therefore, the method of the present invention is more specifically illustrated as follows with reference to FIG.
まず、軸受金属やその合金から成る金属粉末に
例えば炭化珪素ウイスカーの如き繊維状強化材を
配合、混合し、この混合物３を、第２図に示す如
く、帯鋼１上にパウダースプレツダ２より散布
し、この帯鋼１上の混合物３を高周波加熱炉４に
よつて急激に加熱溶解し、帯鋼１上に一体化して
溶融層を形成する。このように溶融層を形成する
と、強化材が繊維状であつても、強化材が均一に
分散され、後記の如く、形成されるデンドライト
組織を相まつて耐荷重性は一層向上し、面圧700
Kg／cm2程度であつても十分に耐久性を持つ。その
後、循環されて均一温度に保たれている油６を帯
鋼１の裏面に吹付けることによつて、溶融層を裏
面から急冷すると同時に、溶融層の表面は例えば
シリコニツト加熱炉５によつて加熱する。このよ
うに溶融層の裏面を油６によつて冷却する一方、
表面を加熱すると、溶融層の横断面において裏面
から表面に向つて適正な温度勾配が形成され、こ
の温度勾配によつて帯鋼表面から垂直方向に方向
性を持つて凝固し、デンドライト組織が整然とし
て形成される。すなわち、デンドライト組織は周
知の通り、過冷によつて生成される樹枝状組織で
あつて、この組織であると、高い面圧であつても
十分に耐える構造のものとなる。 First, a fibrous reinforcing material such as silicon carbide whiskers is mixed with a metal powder made of bearing metal or its alloy, and this mixture 3 is spread over a steel strip 1 by a powder spreader 2 as shown in FIG. The mixture 3 on the steel strip 1 is rapidly heated and melted in the high-frequency heating furnace 4, and is integrated onto the steel strip 1 to form a molten layer. By forming a molten layer in this way, even if the reinforcing material is fibrous, the reinforcing material is uniformly dispersed, and as described later, together with the formed dendrite structure, the load bearing capacity is further improved, and the surface pressure is 700.
It is sufficiently durable even at around Kg/ cm2 . Thereafter, the molten layer is rapidly cooled from the back side by spraying oil 6, which has been circulated and maintained at a uniform temperature, onto the back side of the steel strip 1, and at the same time, the surface of the molten layer is heated, for example, in a silicone heating furnace 5. Heat. While the back side of the molten layer is cooled by the oil 6 in this way,
When the surface is heated, an appropriate temperature gradient is formed in the cross section of the molten layer from the back surface to the surface, and this temperature gradient solidifies the steel strip in a direction perpendicular to the surface, resulting in an orderly dendrite structure. is formed as. That is, as is well known, the dendrite structure is a dendritic structure generated by supercooling, and this structure has a structure that can sufficiently withstand even high surface pressure.
なお、デンドライト組織形成後は、水７によつ
て常温まで急冷され、冷却後は、表面をミーリン
グカツタで整えると、例えば、炭化珪素ウイスカ
ー等の繊維状強化材が例えばCu−Pb合金の軸受
金属中に均一に分散されて、しかも、デンドライ
ト組織が整然と形成された軸受材料が得られる。 After the dendrite structure is formed, it is rapidly cooled to room temperature with water 7, and after cooling, when the surface is prepared with a milling cutter, the fibrous reinforcing material such as silicon carbide whiskers is formed into a bearing metal such as Cu-Pb alloy. A bearing material is obtained in which the dendrite structure is uniformly dispersed in the bearing material and in which the dendrite structure is formed in an orderly manner.
次に、実施例について説明する。 Next, examples will be described.
まず、76wt％Cu−24wt％Pb合金粉末90部と炭
化珪素ウイスカー10部とを混合し、この混合物を
帯鋼上に散布して、３mm厚さの粉末層を形成し
た。次に、N2雰囲気中で高周波加熱炉によつて
約10分かけて1200℃まで加熱し、粉末層のうちで
Cu−Pb合金粉末の部分を溶融させて、帯鋼上に
一体として溶融層を形成した。その後、帯鋼の裏
面から80℃に調節された油を吹付けて30℃／sec
の冷却速度で溶融層を表面から冷却すると同時
に、溶融層の表面からシリコニツト加熱炉で加熱
し、このように冷却と加熱とを併用しつつ、500
℃まで冷却した後、500℃から常温までは、水冷
によつて冷却した。その後、表面を約１mmミーリ
ング加工すると共に、フランヂ部を切断し、この
ようにして軸受材料を得た。この軸受材料の軸受
層は裏面から表面に向つて整然と並んだ樹枝状の
デンドライト組織が形成され、しかも、この組織
の間に炭化珪素ウイスカーが均一に分散されてい
た。 First, 90 parts of 76 wt% Cu-24 wt% Pb alloy powder and 10 parts of silicon carbide whiskers were mixed, and this mixture was spread on a steel strip to form a powder layer with a thickness of 3 mm. Next, it is heated to 1200℃ in a high-frequency heating furnace in an N2 atmosphere for about 10 minutes, and the powder layer is heated to 1200℃.
A portion of the Cu-Pb alloy powder was melted to integrally form a molten layer on the steel strip. After that, oil adjusted to 80℃ is sprayed from the back side of the steel strip at 30℃/sec.
The molten layer is cooled from the surface at a cooling rate of
After cooling to 500°C, the mixture was cooled with water from 500°C to room temperature. Thereafter, the surface was milled by about 1 mm and the flange portion was cut, thus obtaining a bearing material. The bearing layer of this bearing material had a dendritic dendrite structure arranged in an orderly manner from the back surface to the front surface, and silicon carbide whiskers were uniformly dispersed between the structures.
そこで、この軸受材料について、面圧650Kg/
cm2、700Kg/cm2でのベアリングテストをしたとこ
ろ、面圧700Kg/cm2でも200時間耐え、優れた摺動
性能を示した。 Therefore, for this bearing material, the surface pressure is 650Kg/
cm 2 , 700Kg/cm 2 , it withstood 200 hours even with a surface pressure of 700Kg/cm 2 , showing excellent sliding performance.
また、比較のために、上記のところと同組成の
Cu−Pb合金粉末のみから上記のところと同様な
条件で軸受材料を製造し、同様にベアリングテス
トを行なつたところ、軸受金属層にはデンドライ
ト組織が整然と形成されているが、200時間の耐
久力を示すのは面圧650Kg/cm2のときであつて、面
圧がこれ以上のときは120時間程度しか耐えられ
なかつた。 Also, for comparison, the same composition as above is shown.
When a bearing material was manufactured using only Cu-Pb alloy powder under the same conditions as above and a bearing test was conducted in the same manner, it was found that a dendrite structure was formed in an orderly manner in the bearing metal layer. It showed strength when the surface pressure was 650 kg/cm 2 , and when the surface pressure was higher than this, it could only withstand about 120 hours.
以上詳しく説明した通り、本発明法では、金属
粉末に繊維状強化材を混合し、この混合物を帯鋼
上で溶融して溶融層を形成する。このため溶融層
においては強化材が均一に分散され、耐荷重性が
大巾に向上する。また、溶融層は裏面から冷却す
ると同時に表面から加熱する。このため、凝固時
に、溶融層の横断面において裏面から表面に向つ
て適正な温度勾配が形成され、これによつて、表
面に向つて樹枝状のデンドライト組織が整然と形
成され、この構造によつて繊維状強化材と相まつ
て耐荷重性が更に向上する。 As explained in detail above, in the method of the present invention, a fibrous reinforcing material is mixed with metal powder, and this mixture is melted on a steel strip to form a molten layer. Therefore, the reinforcing material is uniformly dispersed in the molten layer, and the load carrying capacity is greatly improved. Further, the molten layer is cooled from the back side and simultaneously heated from the front side. Therefore, during solidification, an appropriate temperature gradient is formed in the cross section of the molten layer from the back surface to the surface, and as a result, a dendritic dendrite structure is formed in an orderly manner toward the surface. Combined with the fibrous reinforcement, the load bearing capacity is further improved.
なお、繊維状強化材は上記の如き炭化珪素ウイ
スカー以外のものであつても、耐熱性および補強
性を有する繊維、例えば非金属ウイスカー、無機
フアイバー等も含まれる。 In addition, the fibrous reinforcing material includes fibers having heat resistance and reinforcing properties, such as nonmetallic whiskers and inorganic fibers, in addition to the silicon carbide whiskers described above.
また、帯鋼と溶融層との密着性を高めるため
に、N2若しくは非酸化性雰囲気中で行なうこと
ができる。 In addition, in order to improve the adhesion between the steel strip and the molten layer, it can be carried out in N 2 or a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
第１図は従来法によつて軸受材料を製造する際
に使用する装置の一例の配置図であり、第２図は
本発明法によつて軸受材料を製造する際に使用す
る装置の一例の配置図である。
符号１……帯鋼、２……パウダースプレツダ、
３……混合物、４……高周波加熱炉、５……シリ
コニツト加熱炉、６……油、７……水、８……溶
湯。
FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of an example of equipment used in manufacturing bearing materials by the conventional method, and FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of an example of equipment used in manufacturing bearing materials by the method of the present invention. It is a layout diagram. Code 1...Strip steel, 2...Powder spreader,
3... Mixture, 4... High frequency heating furnace, 5... Siliconite heating furnace, 6... Oil, 7... Water, 8... Molten metal.
Claims (1)
合物を帯鋼上に散布してから、この混合物を加熱
溶融して帯鋼上に一体に繊維状強化材が均一に分
散した溶融層を形成し、その後、この溶融層の表
面から加熱すると同時に、帯鋼の裏面から冷却し
て帯鋼表面からデンドライト組織を成長させて、
続いて、更に冷却することを特徴とする軸受材料
の製造方法。1. Mix metal powder and fibrous reinforcing material, sprinkle this mixture on the steel strip, heat and melt this mixture, and form a molten layer in which the fibrous reinforcing material is uniformly dispersed on the steel strip. After that, this molten layer is heated from the surface and simultaneously cooled from the back side of the steel strip to grow a dendrite structure from the surface of the steel strip.
Subsequently, a method for manufacturing a bearing material characterized by further cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9179883A JPS59219426A (en) | 1983-05-25 | 1983-05-25 | Production of bearing material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9179883A JPS59219426A (en) | 1983-05-25 | 1983-05-25 | Production of bearing material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59219426A JPS59219426A (en) | 1984-12-10 |
| JPS6344823B2 true JPS6344823B2 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
Family
ID=14036629
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9179883A Granted JPS59219426A (en) | 1983-05-25 | 1983-05-25 | Production of bearing material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59219426A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007042388A (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-15 | Tokai Rika Co Ltd | Electrical contact material manufacturing method and electrical contact material |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1046478B (en) * | 1972-11-14 | 1980-06-30 | Rca Corp | REPRODUCER OF BELT CARTRIDGES WITH MECHANISM FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF THE CARTRIDGES |
| JPS52111425A (en) * | 1976-03-15 | 1977-09-19 | Toyo Kogyo Co | Method of depositing thin layer of wearrresistng alloy powder on surface of iron base material |
| JPS57200536A (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1982-12-08 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Preparation of corrosion resistant structural member |
| JPS5839878B2 (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1983-09-01 | 株式会社 キョウシン | Method for producing emulsion fuel |
-
1983
- 1983-05-25 JP JP9179883A patent/JPS59219426A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59219426A (en) | 1984-12-10 |
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