JPS6346209B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an earth and sand vacuum evacuation device used to excavate earth and sand mainly when installing or repairing underground pipes.

[Prior Art] This type of vacuum earth removal device is equipped with a collection chamber for collecting earth and sand via a vacuum hose and a filter chamber, and the two chambers are communicated with each other so that negative pressure suction from a vacuum suction blower is applied. The force is applied to the collection chamber through the filter in the filter chamber, and when the collected soil from the vacuum hose enters the collection chamber, the dynamic pressure decreases and the air and soil are separated, causing the air to flow into the collection chamber. It is necessary to adopt a structure in which earth and sand are accumulated and only fine dust is brought into the filter chamber together with air, and the fine dust is separated and removed by the filter.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In such a configuration, in order to avoid clogging of the filter as much as possible during work, various considerations must be taken to avoid the inflow of earth and sand from the collection chamber to the filter chamber. will be done. However, it is unavoidable that fine dust carried by the suction airflow adheres to the filter, and the amount thereof is considerable. If the filter chamber is opened to clean the filter when the filter becomes clogged, the suction and soil removal operation must be interrupted each time.

[Means for Solving the Problems] Based on the above circumstances, the present invention includes a support body that elastically supports a filter installed in the filter chamber, and a pipe having a large number of air injection ports in the filter. is inserted through the pipe, and pressurized air force can be evenly applied to the entire surface of the filter toward the suction side through this pipe.

[Function] With the above configuration, when the filter becomes clogged, the present invention passes pressurized air from the suction side of the filter chamber to the suction side of the filter via the pipe, and removes fine dust attached to the filter surface. By blowing off the dirt, the filter can be unclogged while the soil suction operation continues.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of the entire vacuum earth removal device according to the present invention, and the reference numeral 1 in the figure is a towed truck body;
This is equipped with a diesel engine 2 and a large vacuum suction blower 3 driven by the engine, which are connected for power via a coupling ring 4. Furthermore, a vacuum box 7 having a dirt collection chamber 5 and a filter chamber 6 therein is mounted on the rear part of the truck body 1. The collection chamber 5 and the filter chamber 6 are divided into front and rear sections via a passage 8, and the passage 8 is formed by a partition wall 9 on the collection chamber 5 side and a partition wall 10 on the filter chamber 6 side. to the chamber 5 at its top communication port 8a, and to the filter chamber 6 at its bottom communication port 8b,
Each is connected.

A connection port 11 for a vacuum hose is opened in the upper part of the rear wall of the collection chamber 5, one end of a vacuum hose 12 is connected to the connection port 11, and the other end of the vacuum hose 12 is extended to the excavation site and connected to its tip. A dirt suction nozzle 12a is provided. Further, inside the collection chamber 5, there is an opening for the hose connection port 11 and a top communication port 8 for the passage 8.
A collision plate 14 diagonally stretched by a coil spring 13 is disposed between the hose connection port 11 and the hose connection port 11. A shock absorber 15 such as a rubber plate is attached to the collision plate 14 on the side facing the opening of the hose connection port 11 . In addition, a soil discharge port 16 is opened at the bottom of the collection chamber 5, and an opening/closing door 17 that is opened and closed by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure is arranged here so as to be able to move back and forth. The sealing material 18 maintains airtightness around the opening/closing door 17,
It is attached around the soil discharge port 16. and,
The opening/closing door 17 has a piston rod 19 on the side.
The piston rod 19 is connected to a piston (not shown) of a hydraulic or pneumatic piston-cylinder mechanism 20.

On the other hand, the filter chamber 6 has a large number of bottomed cylindrical filter elements 21 disposed therein.
As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2, the filter element 21 is equipped with a cap 21b having an engaging flange 21a at the top, and an upper opening of a bottomed cylindrical bag 21c made of cloth is fixed to the cap 21b. A coiled bone member 21d is inserted inside the bag 21c to maintain its shape. The filter element 21 is inserted from the suction side to the suction side through a large number of mounting holes 22a provided in a partition wall plate 22 that partitions the filter chamber 6 into a suction side and a suction side, and is supported by a flange 21a. be done. A support plate 24 is provided at the bottom of the filter chamber 6 and is pulled downward by a spring 23.
In this case, the bottom of the filter element 21 is attached to the washer 25.
It is fixed with bolts and nuts 26 via.
Further, the support plate 24 is provided with a large number of through holes 24a so as not to obstruct air circulation within the filter chamber 6.

Furthermore, a relief valve 27 is provided at the top of the filter chamber 6 to prevent external air from flowing in and creating an ultra-vacuum when the negative pressure exceeds a certain level. Further, the suction side of the blower 3 is communicated with the suction side chamber formed above the partition wall plate 22 via a duct 28. Further, a gate 29 that can be manually opened and closed is provided at the bottom of the filter chamber 6, so that fine dust that has fallen within the filter chamber 6 can be removed as appropriate.

Further, on the suction side of the filter chamber 6, a pressurized air supply means 31 is provided which communicates with the delivery of the blower 3 via a valve 30. The pressurized air supply means 31 includes a pipe-shaped pressure injection means 32 inserted into each filter element 21 . The pressure injection means 32 has a plurality of air injection ports 32b formed on the circumferential surface of a pipe 32a, and is opposed to the circumferential surface of the bag 21c. Further, the valve 30 is a solenoid valve, and is periodically opened for a certain period of time by a timer 33.

In such a configuration, when the engine 2 is started, a vacuum negative pressure is applied to the filter chamber 6 and the collection chamber 5 by the action of the blower 3, and the vacuum suction force is applied to the vacuum hose 12, so that the nozzle 1 at the tip of the hose 12
When the excavated earth and sand are placed in front of the area to be removed, the excavated earth and sand are drawn into the collection chamber 5 through the hose 12 together with the surrounding air. And the collision plate 14
At this time, due to the drop in dynamic pressure within the collection chamber 5, dirt, water droplets, etc. with large specific gravity accumulate at the bottom of the collection chamber 5.

On the other hand, the air containing fine dust detours around the collision plate 14 and flows from the top communication port 8a of the passage 8 to the bottom communication port 8b via the passage 8, and further passes through the filter element in the filter chamber 6. The fine dust is separated by 21 and drawn to the blower 3 via a duct 28.

In this case, if the filter element 21 in the filter chamber 6 becomes clogged with fine dust, the pressurized air supply means 31 located at the top of the filter chamber on the suction side
From there, the pressure injection means 3 is released by opening the valve 30.
Pressurized air is brought to the bag 21c, and the pressurized air is injected from the inside to the outside (suction side) against the bag 21c.
As a result, the fine dust adhering to the outside of the bag 21c is blown away and falls to the lower part of the filter chamber 6. The fallen fine dust is discharged to the outside by opening the gate 29, and when the gate 29 is closed, the negative pressure suction action occurs again. At this time, valve 30
is closed. Therefore, the bag 21c regains its breathability and exhibits a filter effect.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, the present invention has a collection chamber for collecting earth and sand via a vacuum hose and a filter chamber, and the two chambers are communicated with each other so that negative pressure suction from a vacuum suction blower can be applied to the collection chamber and the filter chamber. is applied to the collection chamber through the filter in the filter chamber, the filter chamber being equipped with a support for elastically supporting the filter installed in the filter chamber, and a pipe having a large number of air injection ports inside the filter. The structure is such that pressurized air force can be evenly applied to the entire surface of the filter toward the suction side through this pipe, so even if the filter becomes clogged, it can be removed periodically or irregularly. Automatically sprays pressurized air in the opposite direction from the filter surface evenly from a close distance to ensure that fine dust is blown off over the entire surface, and vibrates with the elastic support to completely eliminate clogging. Therefore, even in an earth and sand suction and removal device that sucks in a considerable amount of dust, continuous work can be performed for a long time, and there is no need to interrupt work to clean the filter.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of the entire device showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view showing an enlarged portion of a filter element. 1... Truck body, 2... Engine, 3... Blower, 4... Coupling, 5... Collection chamber, 6...
Filter chamber, 7... Vacuum box, 8... Passage, 8a
...Top connection, 8b...Bottom connection, 9,10
... Bulkhead, 11 ... Hose connection port, 12 ... Vacuum hose, 12a ... Suction nozzle, 13 ...
Coil spring, 14... Collision plate, 15... Impact buffer, 16... Soil discharge port, 17... Opening/closing door, 1
8... Seal material, 19... Piston rod, 20
...Piston/cylinder mechanism, 21...Filter element, 21a...Engagement flange, 21b...Bag, 21c...Bag, 21d...Bone member, 22
...Partition plate, 22a...Mounting hole, 23...Spring, 24...Support plate, 24a...Through hole, 25...
...Washer, 26...Bolt/Nut, 27...Relief valve, 28...Duct, 29...Gate, 30
... Valve, 31 ... Pressurized air supply means, 32...
...Pressure injection means, 32a...Pipe, 32b...
Air injection port, 33...timer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. It has a collection chamber for collecting earth and sand via a vacuum hose and a filter chamber, and both chambers are communicated with each other so that the negative pressure suction force from a vacuum suction blower is transmitted through the filter of the filter chamber. and a support body for elastically supporting a filter installed in the filter chamber, and a pipe having a large number of air injection ports is inserted into the filter, and a pipe is inserted through the pipe. A vacuum soil removal device for earth and sand, characterized in that it is configured so that pressurized air force can be evenly applied to the entire surface of the filter toward the side to be sucked.