JPH0260814B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention can be used for digging out dirt and sand when digging trenches or holes of a required depth in the ground, for example, when installing or repairing underground pipelines. This article relates to a vacuum soil removal device.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, vacuum suction power is used to suck up the collected dust with a hose to the inlet of the collection container, and in the collection container, the light dust and heavy solids carried by the air are separated, and the heavy solids are removed. For example, the prior art described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-42751 is known for discharging waste while depositing it on the bottom of a collection container.

As a vacuum soil removal device for soil and sand related to the above-mentioned prior art, a collection container for soil and sand collected via a vacuum hose is divided into a collection chamber and a filter chamber, and both chambers are communicated with each other so that the soil is discharged from a vacuum suction blower. Negative pressure suction force is applied to the collection chamber through the filter in the filter chamber, and when the sediment sucked up from the vacuum hose enters the collection chamber, the dynamic pressure decreases and the air and sediment are separated, and the air passes through the filter. A system has been proposed in which fine dust carried in the air is separated and removed during the process of exhausting into the atmosphere through the chamber, while earth and sand are deposited at the bottom of the collection chamber and then taken out.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In the vacuum soil evacuation device configured as described above, when the outlet is opened to discharge the sediment deposited at the bottom of the collection chamber, the pressure in the collection chamber decreases to near atmospheric pressure, so the suction of the sediment is reduced. The action stops. Furthermore, after soil removal, it takes a considerable amount of time to apply the necessary negative pressure suction force to the vacuum hose again, and during this time, the soil suction action is not performed, so the soil removal work is interrupted for a long time. There was a problem.

In particular, in the case of this type of vacuum soil removal equipment, the amount of soil deposited at the bottom of the collection chamber is large, so the accumulated soil must be periodically discharged during work. If suction and soil removal work is interrupted for a long time each time, work efficiency will deteriorate. Therefore, it is possible to increase the volume of the collection chamber to increase the amount of accumulated sediment as much as possible, thereby reducing the number of discharges and shortening the interruption time of work caused when discharging the accumulated sediment. As a result, the longer the negative pressure suction force acts on the vacuum hose after earth removal, the more responsive it becomes, making it impossible to shorten the interruption time. There was an inconvenience that the excavation and removal work of earth and sand could not be carried out efficiently due to poor operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention addresses the above-mentioned problems and aims to provide a vacuum soil evacuation device that does not interrupt the suction soil removal work using a vacuum hose when discharging soil accumulated at the bottom of a collection chamber. It is.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve this objective, the vacuum earth and sand removal device according to the present invention comprises: a vacuum suction blower; a vacuum hose that sucks up sediment by the vacuum suction force from the blower; a sediment collection chamber to which the vacuum hose is connected; and a filter chamber, the collection chamber and the filter chamber are configured to communicate with each other so that the negative pressure suction force from the vacuum suction blower reaches the collection chamber via a filter element of the filter chamber, the collection chamber has a hose connection port for connecting a vacuum hose on one side of its upper part, and a communication passage leading to the filter chamber on the other upper side opposite to the hose connection port, and has an air flow area from the hose connection port to the communication passage. A funnel-shaped hopper is provided below and divides the inside of the collection chamber into upper and lower parts, and a sediment deposition space is formed at the bottom of the collection chamber below the hopper through a central sediment flow outlet opened in the hopper. The collection chamber is characterized by having an opening/closing door for taking out the accumulated earth and sand at the bottom of the collection chamber.

[Effect]

In such a configuration, when the dirt sucked up through the vacuum hose enters the collection chamber from the hose connection port, the dynamic pressure in the collection chamber decreases, causing light fine dust carried in the air to flow through the communication path. On the other hand, heavy sediment falls by gravity and accumulates on the funnel-shaped hopper in the collection chamber, and flows down from the central sediment flow outlet opened in the hopper to the bottom of the collection chamber below. This creates a flow path that allows the material to be deposited within the space.

As a result, when the removal door is opened to discharge the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the collection chamber, even if air flows in from here, the sediment that flows down one after another from the sediment flow outlet opened in the center of the hopper is a type of Since it acts as a vacuum shield and blocks the upward flow of air at the hopper's outlet, the inside of the collection chamber above the hopper can be maintained in a substantially vacuum state, and the vacuum hose can Since the earth removal work can be continued as it is, there is no interruption in the earth removal work due to the discharge of accumulated earth and sand.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a vertical sectional side view of the entire vacuum earth removal device according to the present invention, and reference numeral 1 in the figure is a towed truck body, which includes a diesel engine 2 and a large-sized truck driven by this engine. A vacuum suction blower 3 is mounted in a power-connected state via a coupling ring 4. Further, a vacuum enclosure 7 having a dirt collection chamber 5 and a filter chamber 6 therein is mounted at the rear of the truck body 1. Collection room 5 above
The filter chamber 6 is divided into front and rear sections via a passage 8, and the passage 8 is formed by a partition wall 9 on the collection chamber 5 side and a partition wall 10 on the filter chamber 6 side. is its top communication port 8a, and its bottom communication port 8b for the filter chamber 6.
and are connected to each other.

A connection port 11 for a vacuum hose is opened in the upper part of the rear wall of the collection chamber 5, and the base end of a vacuum hose 12 is connected to the connection port 11.
The other end of the vacuum hose 12 extends to the excavation site, and a dirt suction nozzle 12a is provided at its tip. Also, inside the collection chamber 5, there is an opening of the hose connection port 11 and a top communication port 8a of the passage 8.
(communication path), the hose connection port 11
A collision plate 14 diagonally stretched by a coil spring 13 is disposed so as to face the collision plate 14 . A shock absorber 15 such as a rubber plate is attached to the collision plate 14 on the side facing the opening of the hose connection port 11.

In addition, in the middle part of the collection chamber 5 in the vertical direction, there is a funnel-shaped hopper 30 with a sediment flow outlet 31 opened in the center.
The inside of the collection chamber 5 is divided into upper and lower parts by this hopper 30, and a space for depositing earth and sand is formed under the hopper 30. In addition, there is a soil discharge port 16 at the bottom of the collection chamber 5 that forms the sediment accumulation space.
is open, and here a door 17 for removing earth and sand that is opened and closed by hydraulic pressure or air pressure is arranged so as to be movable back and forth, and a sealing material 18 such as a rubber plate is installed around the door 17. It is attached around the soil discharge port 16 to maintain airtightness. The opening/closing door 17 has a piston rod 1 on the side.
9 is connected, and the piston rod 19 is connected to the piston/cylinder mechanism 2 using hydraulic or pneumatic pressure.
0 piston (not shown).

On the other hand, in the filter chamber 6, a large number of filter elements 21 having a cylindrical shape with a bottom are disposed, and as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. Engagement flange 21a
The bag 21c has a cap 21b with a bottom, and the upper opening of a bottomed cylindrical bag 21c made of cloth is fixed thereto, and a coiled bone member 21d is inserted inside the bag 21c to maintain its shape. There is. The filter element 21 is inserted into the suction side through a number of mounting holes 22a provided in a partition wall plate 22 that partitions the filter chamber 6 into a suction side and a suction side, and is supported by a flange 21a. Above filter chamber 6
A support plate 24 is provided at the lower part of the support plate 24 while being pulled downward by a spring 23, and the bottom of the filter element 21 is fixed to this plate with bolts and nuts 26 via washers 25. Further, the support plate 24 is provided with a large number of through holes 24a so as not to obstruct air circulation within the filter chamber 6.

A relief valve 27 is provided at the top of the filter chamber 6 to prevent external air from flowing in and creating an ultra-vacuum when the negative pressure exceeds a certain level.
Further, the suction side of the blower 3 is communicated with the suction side chamber formed above the partition wall plate 22 via a duct 28. Further, a gate 29 that can be manually opened and closed is provided at the bottom of the filter chamber 6, so that fine dust that has fallen within the filter chamber 6 can be removed as appropriate.

In such a configuration, when the engine 2 is started, vacuum negative pressure is applied from the filter chamber 6 to the collection chamber 5 by the action of the blower 3, and the vacuum suction force is applied to the vacuum hose 12, so that the tip nozzle 12a of the hose 12 When facing the area to be excavated, the excavated earth and sand will flow through the vacuum hose 12 along with the surrounding air.
The liquid is sucked up into the collection chamber 5 through the inside.

When the sucked up earth and sand enters the collection chamber 5 from the hose connection port 11, it hits the collision plate 14, and due to the dynamic pressure drop in the collection chamber 5, the air containing fine dust with a light specific gravity is pushed against the collision plate 14. The filter element 2 is detoured from the top communication port 8a of the passage 8 to the bottom communication port 8b via the passage 8 and further inside the filter chamber 6.
After the fine dust is separated by duct 2,
8 to the blower 3 and discharged into the atmosphere.

On the other hand, sediment, water droplets, etc. with a large specific gravity fall by gravity within the collection chamber 5 and sequentially fall onto the hopper 30 below, and then flow down from the sediment flow outlet 31 opened at the center of the hopper 30 to the hopper 30. is deposited in the space at the bottom of the collection chamber 5 below.

Then, a signal is applied manually or by an appropriate means at an appropriate period to control the piston/cylinder mechanism 20.
through the piston rod 19 into the collection chamber 5.
The opening/closing door 17 at the bottom is operated horizontally to open the soil discharge port 16 to allow the soil accumulated at the bottom of the collection chamber 5 to fall and be discharged downward.

At this time, when the removal door 17 is opened to discharge the sediment accumulated at the bottom of the collection chamber 5, air enters from the earth discharge port 16, but the air enters from the sediment flow outlet 31 opened at the center of the hopper 30. The flowing earth and sand acts as a kind of vacuum shield and blocks the upward flow of air at the hopper outlet 31, so that the inside of the collection chamber 5 above the hopper 30 is substantially in a vacuum state. Since the soil can be maintained in the same state and the soil removal work by the vacuum hose 12 can be continued as it is, there is no interruption in the earth removal work that would occur during the discharge of the accumulated earth and sand. Immediately after soil removal, the opening/closing door 17 is closed.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described in detail above, in the present invention, the earth and sand sucked up into the collection chamber 5 by the vacuum suction force through the vacuum hose 12 falls by gravity within the collection chamber 5 and accumulates on the funnel-shaped hopper 30 one after another. Since the sediment flows sequentially from the downstream opening 31 opened at the center of the hopper 30 and is deposited in the space at the bottom of the collection chamber 5 below, the removal door 17 is opened when discharging the accumulated sediment. However, it functions as a kind of vacuum barrier for the sediment that sequentially flows down from the central sediment flow outlet 31 of the hopper 30, and as a result, the circulation of air above the hopper is blocked, and as a result, the inside of the collection chamber above the hopper is The earth and sand removal work using the vacuum hose can be continued as it is while maintaining a substantially vacuum state, and the earth removal work can be carried out efficiently without interrupting the earth and sand removal work due to the discharge of accumulated earth and sand.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional side view of the entire device showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional side view showing an enlarged filter element. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Truck body, 2... Engine, 3... Vacuum suction blower, 4... Coupling, 5... Collection chamber, 6... Filter chamber, 7... Vacuum enclosure, 8...
Passage, 8a... Top communication port, 8b... Bottom communication port, 9, 10... Bulkhead, 11... Hose connection port,
12... Vacuum hose, 12a... Suction nozzle, 13... Coil spring, 14... Collision plate, 15... Impact buffer, 16... Soil discharge port, 17
...Opening/closing door, 18...Sealing material, 19...Piston rod, 20...Piston/cylinder mechanism, 2
1... Filter element, 21a... Engagement flange, 21b... Cap, 21c... Back, 21d
... Bone member, 22 ... Partition plate, 22a ... Mounting hole, 23 ... Spring, 24 ... Support plate, 24
a...Through hole, 25...Washer, 26...Bolt nut, 27...Relief valve, 28...Duct, 29
...gate, 30...funnel-shaped hopper, 30a...
Sediment flow outlet.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A vacuum suction blower, a vacuum hose that sucks up earth and sand using the vacuum suction force from the blower,
It has a dirt collection chamber and a filter chamber to which the vacuum hose is connected, and the collection chamber and the filter chamber are communicated with each other so that the negative pressure suction force from the vacuum suction blower is transmitted through the filter element of the filter chamber. The collection chamber has a hose connection port for connecting a vacuum hose on one side of its upper part, and a communication path leading to a filter chamber on the other side opposite to the hose connection port, and a hose A funnel-shaped hopper is provided in the collection chamber, located below the air flow area from the connection port to the communication path, and divides the interior into upper and lower sections. A vacuum soil removal device for soil and sand, characterized in that a space for depositing soil is formed at the bottom of the collection chamber, and an opening/closing door for taking out the deposited soil is provided at the bottom of the collection chamber.