JPS6348002B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] Industrial Field of Use The present invention relates to a collimation method for performing collimation using a simple optical autocollimator, and a simple collimator used in the collimation method.

BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY In the conventional autocollimator and the collimation method using the collimator, as shown in FIG. The reflected light passes through a semi-transparent prism 24 and is turned into parallel rays l by the objective lens 22. A plane reflecting mirror 25 is tiltable in front of the objective lens 22, and the plane reflecting mirror 25 is oriented at right angles to the optical axis of the parallel rays. In the case of
4, the optical path is bent by 90 degrees, and a target image is formed on a fixed focusing mirror 26 through a focusing lens 25'. When the plane reflector 25 is tilted by α, the reflected light is
It enters the objective lens 22 at an angle of 2α. When the combined focal length of the objective lens 22 and the focusing lens 25' is F, the target image moves by Ftan2α≈2αF on the fixed focus mirror 26 surface. This amount of movement is measured by a micrometer 28 having a movable crosshair, that is, a movable focusing mirror 27. 29 is an eyepiece, and FIG. 5 shows the target image 21' that appears when looking into the movable focus mirror 27 from the eyepiece 29, and the fixed focus mirror 26.
fixed scale 30 and crosshair 31 of the movable focusing mirror 27
shows the relationship between the target image 21' and the crosshair 3.
1, the plane reflecting mirror 25 and the target (collimator) 21 are directly facing each other. [However, the target 21 does not tilt. ] When the target image 21' is at a position shifted from the center of the crosshair 31, it is not facing directly. In this case, rotate the knob 28' of the micrometer 28,
The movable focusing mirror 27 is moved to align the center of its crosshair 31 with the center of the target image 21', and the amount of movement of the crosshair 31 is read with the fixed scale 30 of the fixed focusing mirror 26 of the micrometer 28. .

Problems to be Solved by the Invention The autocollimator used in the above-mentioned known collimation is an extremely precise and expensive autocollimator equipped with a moving focusing mirror, a micrometer with a fixed focusing mirror, a translucent prism, a lighting bulb, etc. I had to.

The present invention has a much simpler structure than the conventional autocollimator, which does not include components such as a moving focusing mirror, a micrometer with a fixed focusing mirror, a translucent prism, and a lighting bulb. The object of the present invention is to provide a method of performing collimation using an inexpensive simple autocollimator, and a simple autocollimator used in the above method.

[Structure of the invention]

Means for Solving the Problems The simple autocollimator used in the collimation method of the present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a small point (mark) 2 that does not affect the performance of the telescope is provided at the center of the surface of the objective lens by vapor deposition, etching, or other means.

Behind the objective lens 1 configured as above,
A focusing lens 3 is provided, a focusing plate 5 having a crosshair at the center of the surface is provided behind the focusing lens 3, and an eyepiece 4 is provided behind the focusing lens 5, so that the distance from the objective lens surface to an infinite distance is provided. a telescope optical system that enables focusing, and an objective lens 1 of the telescope for an object to be measured 6 located in front of the telescope;
and a flat reflecting mirror 7 attached to a corresponding surface.

That is, by providing a small point (mark) 2 on the objective lens 1 instead of the target 21 of the conventional autocollimator shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the same effect as the target 21 can be achieved, and Moving focus mirror 2 in autocollimator
7. Micrometer 2 equipped with a fixed focus mirror 26
8. Collimation is performed using a simple autocollimator that does not include a translucent prism 24 or an illumination bulb 23.

To perform collimation using the simple autocollimator of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the eyepiece lens 4 of the telescope optical system is
A virtual image 8 of a point (mark) 2 on the objective lens 1 projected onto a plane reflecting mirror 7 attached to the object to be measured 6 from
is collimated, and a virtual image formed by the plane reflecting mirror 7 is focused on the center 9 of the crosshair of the focusing plate 5. As shown by the dotted line in FIG. 2, the point (mark) 2 is shifted from the center 9 of the reticle of the reticle 5 and focused on 11 due to the inclination α of the plane reflecting mirror 7 (that is, the inclination of the object 6). In this case, move the plane reflector 7 (that is, the object to be measured 6) back and forth in front of the objective lens 1, and restore the inclination of the object by the amount α that has shifted due to the inclination of the object. This means that angle adjustment has been made to the telescope.

To explain the principle of the present invention with reference to FIG. 2, a small point 2 on the surface of the objective lens creates a virtual image at a position 2S by a plane reflecting mirror 7 [here, S is the distance from the small point 2 to the reflecting mirror 7]. ]. This virtual image is focused on the focal plane 9 on the optical axis by the telescope optical system, and if the distance is b and the focal length of the objective lens system is F, then the following equation holds: 1/2S+1/b=1/F.

When the reflecting mirror is tilted by α, the position of the virtual image is shifted by 2αS to position 10.

The positional deviation 11 of the imaging plane of the telescope system is expressed as 2αFS/2S−F, so if the inclination α of the reflecting mirror is restored, it will return to its original position.

Therefore, the accuracy of the simple autocollimator in the present invention is approximately 5.4'', assuming that F is 270 mm, S is 500 mm, and the amount of deviation on the focus plate is 0.01 mm, and this level of angular accuracy can be obtained. This shows that the accuracy of the simple autocollimator is sufficient.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the present invention can use the above-mentioned simple autocollimator, which does not have a complicated structure and has an extremely simple structure, to perform highly accurate collimation as in the case of using a conventional autocollimator. The telescope optical system of the present invention can be used as a wide range of alignment instruments in surveying instruments such as theodolites and levelers.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an optical configuration diagram in an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram of the principle of the invention, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a part of a simple autocollimator showing a small point on the objective lens, Fig. 4 5 shows the configuration of the telescope optical system of a known autocollimator, and FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the target image that appears when looking into the focusing mirror from the eyepiece, the fixed scale of the fixed focusing mirror, and the crosshair of the movable focusing mirror. FIG. 1...Objective lens, 2...Small point (mark), 3
...Focusing lens, 4...Eyepiece, 5...Focal plate, 6
...Measurement object, 7...Reflector, 8...Virtual image, 9...Focal plate cross center, 10...Displaced virtual image, 11...Displaced image formation.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An objective lens with a small dot in the center of the lens;
A focusing lens provided behind the objective lens, a focusing plate having a crosshair in the center provided behind the focusing lens, and an eyepiece provided behind the focusing plate allow an infinity beam to be seen from the objective lens surface. A telescope optical system capable of focusing up to a distance is configured, and a plane reflector is attached to a surface of the object to be measured located in front of the telescope optical system that corresponds to the objective lens of the telescope optical system, A virtual image of a small point provided at the center of the objective lens is formed on the focusing plate of the telescope optical system, and the point is deviated from the center of the crosshair of the focusing plate, which is caused by the inclination of the plane reflecting mirror that is tilted with the object to be measured. By moving the plane reflector attached to the object to be measured and adjusting the inclination angle, the image of A collimation method using a simple autocollimator to correct the inclination of objects. 2 Objective lens with a small dot in the center of the lens,
A focusing lens provided behind the objective lens, a focusing plate having a crosshair in the center provided behind the focusing lens, and an eyepiece provided behind the focusing plate allow an infinity beam to be seen from the objective lens surface. A simple autocollimator equipped with a telescope optical system that can focus up to a distance.