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JPS6351350B2 - - Google Patents
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JPS6351350B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6351350B2
JPS6351350B2 JP55030751A JP3075180A JPS6351350B2 JP S6351350 B2 JPS6351350 B2 JP S6351350B2 JP 55030751 A JP55030751 A JP 55030751A JP 3075180 A JP3075180 A JP 3075180A JP S6351350 B2 JPS6351350 B2 JP S6351350B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
nickel
anode plate
capacity
plate
discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP55030751A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS56126260A (en
Inventor
Takahisa Awaja
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sanyo Electric Co Ltd filed Critical Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
Priority to JP3075180A priority Critical patent/JPS56126260A/en
Publication of JPS56126260A publication Critical patent/JPS56126260A/en
Publication of JPS6351350B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6351350B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/24Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
    • H01M4/26Processes of manufacture
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は密閉型アルカリ蓄電池に用いられるニ
ツケル陽極板の化成法に関するものである。 ニツケル陽極板の化成工程は活物質であるニツ
ケル酸化物の結晶粒子を微細化して活性化するた
めに不可欠なものであり、その方法としてはニツ
ケル対極を利用して電気的に充放電させる方法が
一般に採られている。 しかしながら、電気的化成においてはしばしば
陽極板自体が活性化されすぎ初期の充電効率が高
くなりすぎたり或いは陽極板内において充電効率
にバラツキが生じることがある。 一般に密閉型蓄電池においては陰極板の容量を
陽極板の容量より大となし、充電時には陽極板が
先づ完全充電状態となつて酸素ガスが発生し、こ
の酸素ガスを陰極板で吸収、消費するようにして
陰極板を完全充電状態に至らしめず水素ガスの発
生を生じさせないようにしている。 ところが陽極板の充電効率が高くなりすぎる
と、電池充電時の陰、陽極板の充電容量差を十分
確保することが困難となり、サイクルが進むにつ
れて陰極板の充電効率が陽極板の充電効率より低
下して、所謂陰極支配型の電池となり水素ガスが
発生して電池性能が極端に劣化することになる。 従つて陽極板の化成工程においては初期の充電
効率を押えるために完全放電状態にする必要があ
る。しかしながら電気的化成においては放電状態
を制御することは極めて困難であり、通常ニツケ
ル対極に対する電位を目安として放電を終了さ
せ、過放電になることを防止している。過放電に
なると活物質のハガレ等が生じ極板性能に致命的
な悪影響を及ぼすことになる。 本発明は斯る点に鑑みてなされたものであり、
その要旨とするところは周知の焼結式或いはペー
スト方法により得たニツケル陽極板を電気的に充
放電(但し完全放電状態になつておらず充電状態
の活物質が存在している)し、ついでアルコール
液に浸漬して、準化学的法により残存する充電状
態の活物質を還元して陽極板を完全放電状態とす
るものである。 ニツケル陽極板をアルコール液中に浸漬する
と、充電状態の活性質であるオキシ水酸化ニツケ
ル(NiOOH)は NiOOH→Ni(OH)2 なる反応によつて電気的に放電した場合と同様の
放電状態の活物質である水酸化ニツケル(Ni
(OH)2)に変換される。 この反応は均一な溶液内での純化学的な反応で
あるため、陽極板内の充電効率のバラツキを抑え
ることができると共にNiOOHが存在している限
りこの反応は浸行しNiOOHの不存在下では反応
は停止するため過放電に対する考慮は不必要であ
り、依つてニツケル陽極板の化成工程における放
電に際してアルコール液中への浸漬により完全放
電状態とすることができ充電効率を押えることが
可能となる。 尚、化成工程の終了後における水洗、乾燥工程
の間に付着アルコールは飛散するので電池への悪
影響はない。 ここでアルコール液に代えて例えばヒドラジン
液を用いた場合には、ニツケル酸化物が金属ニツ
ケル迄一気に還元されてしまい過放電状態とな
る。したがつて放電状態の活物質とするのには、
アルコール液が適する。 以下本発明の実施例を詳述する。 周知の焼結式法により得た公称容量1200mAH
のニツケル陽極板を苛性カリ溶液中において、ニ
ツケル対極を利用し、電気的に公称容量の160%
の充電を行なつた後、ニツケル対極に対して−
1.0Vまで放電する(ここまでが従来の化成法で
ある)。ついでこの陽極板を20容量%のメタノー
ルを含む2%の苛性カリ溶液中に室温で30分間浸
漬した後、水洗・乾燥する。 尚、アルコールとしては水に可溶なものであれ
ば使用することができるが、特にメタノールを用
いると上記反応の反応速度が早いため最も好まし
く、他にはエタノールが良好であり、炭素数の増
大と共に反応速度は遅くなる。 第1表は本発明による化成法を適用した陽極板
と従来の化成法を適用した陽極板との初期充電効
率及び極板容量を示し、又第2表はこれらの陽極
板とカドミウム陰極板とを組合せて電池容量1200
mAH電池を夫々作成し、0.1Cで16時間充電後、
1Cで放電を行なつた時の容量及び充電容量を示
す。
The present invention relates to a method for chemically forming nickel anode plates used in sealed alkaline storage batteries. The chemical formation process of the nickel anode plate is essential for refining and activating the crystal particles of nickel oxide, which is the active material, and the method for doing so is to electrically charge and discharge using a nickel counter electrode. Generally adopted. However, in electrical formation, the anode plate itself is often activated too much and the initial charging efficiency may become too high, or variations may occur in the charging efficiency within the anode plate. Generally, in a sealed storage battery, the capacity of the cathode plate is larger than the capacity of the anode plate, and when charging, the anode plate becomes fully charged first and oxygen gas is generated, and this oxygen gas is absorbed and consumed by the cathode plate. This prevents the cathode plate from reaching a fully charged state and from generating hydrogen gas. However, if the charging efficiency of the anode plate becomes too high, it becomes difficult to ensure a sufficient difference in charging capacity between the negative and anode plates when charging the battery, and as the cycle progresses, the charging efficiency of the cathode plate becomes lower than that of the anode plate. As a result, the battery becomes a so-called cathode-dominated battery, and hydrogen gas is generated, resulting in extremely poor battery performance. Therefore, in the process of forming the anode plate, it is necessary to bring the battery into a fully discharged state in order to suppress the initial charging efficiency. However, in electrical formation, it is extremely difficult to control the discharge state, and the discharge is usually terminated using the potential relative to the nickel counter electrode as a guide to prevent overdischarge. If over-discharge occurs, the active material will peel off, which will have a fatal adverse effect on the electrode plate performance. The present invention has been made in view of these points,
The gist is that a nickel anode plate obtained by a well-known sintering method or paste method is electrically charged and discharged (however, it is not completely discharged and there is active material in a charged state), and then The anode plate is immersed in an alcohol solution and the remaining charged active material is reduced by a quasi-chemical method to bring the anode plate into a fully discharged state. When a nickel anode plate is immersed in an alcohol solution, the active substance nickel oxyhydroxide (NiOOH) in a charged state undergoes a reaction of NiOOH→Ni(OH) 2 , resulting in a discharge state similar to that of an electrical discharge. Nickel hydroxide (Ni) is an active material.
(OH) 2 ). Since this reaction is a pure chemical reaction in a homogeneous solution, it is possible to suppress variations in charging efficiency within the anode plate, and as long as NiOOH is present, this reaction is pervasive, and in the absence of NiOOH. Since the reaction stops in this case, there is no need to consider over-discharge, and when discharging in the formation process of the nickel anode plate, it is possible to bring it into a fully discharged state by immersing it in an alcohol solution, thereby reducing the charging efficiency. Become. Incidentally, since the adhering alcohol is scattered during the water washing and drying steps after the completion of the chemical conversion step, there is no adverse effect on the battery. If, for example, a hydrazine solution is used instead of the alcohol solution, the nickel oxide is reduced to metallic nickel at once, resulting in an overdischarge state. Therefore, in order to make the active material in the discharge state,
Alcohol solution is suitable. Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below. Nominal capacity 1200mAH obtained by well-known sintering method
When a nickel anode plate is placed in a caustic potash solution and a nickel counter electrode is used, the electrical capacity is 160% of the nominal capacity.
After charging the nickel counter electrode, -
Discharge to 1.0V (this is the conventional chemical conversion method). Next, this anode plate is immersed in a 2% caustic potassium solution containing 20% methanol by volume for 30 minutes at room temperature, and then washed with water and dried. As the alcohol, any alcohol can be used as long as it is soluble in water, but methanol is particularly preferable because the reaction rate of the above reaction is fast, and ethanol is also good. The reaction rate slows down as well. Table 1 shows the initial charging efficiency and plate capacity of the anode plate to which the chemical conversion method of the present invention was applied and the anode plate to which the conventional chemical conversion process was applied, and Table 2 shows the initial charging efficiency and plate capacity of the anode plate to which the chemical conversion method according to the present invention was applied, and the plate capacity of the anode plate to which the chemical conversion method according to the present invention was applied, and the table 2 shows the relationship between these anode plates and the cadmium cathode plate. Combined battery capacity 1200
After creating mAH batteries and charging them at 0.1C for 16 hours,
Shows the capacity and charge capacity when discharging at 1C.

【表】 但し充電効率は1/3Cで公称容量の80%充電後、
1/3Cで放電しニツケル対極に対して−1.0Vの時
点で放電を停止し、放電時間/充電時間×100の式に基
づき 算出した。 又、極板容量は1/5Cで公称容量の320%充電後
1/3Cで放電しニツケル対極に対して−1.0Vの時
点で放電を停止し、1/3C×放電時間の式に基づ
き算出した。
[Table] However, the charging efficiency is 1/3C and after charging to 80% of the nominal capacity,
The voltage was discharged at 1/3C, and the discharge was stopped when the voltage reached -1.0V with respect to the nickel counter electrode, and the calculation was made based on the formula: discharge time/charge time x 100. In addition, the electrode plate capacity is calculated based on the formula of 1/3C x discharge time by charging to 320% of the nominal capacity at 1/5C, discharging at 1/3C, and stopping the discharge at -1.0V with respect to the nickel counter electrode. did.

【表】 以上、詳述した如く本発明はニツケル陽極板の
化成法に関するものであり、電気的に充、放電を
行なつた後、更にアルコール液中に浸漬して残存
する充電状態の活物質を純化学的に還元して完全
放電状態とするものであり、本発明法を適用した
ニツケル陽極板は初期充電効率が押えられている
ので、例えばカドミウム陰極板と組合せて密閉型
アルカリ蓄電池を構成した場合には陰、陽極板の
充分容量差を十分確保することができるものであ
り、密閉型蓄電池用のニツケル陽極板としてその
工業的価値は極めて大なるものである。
[Table] As detailed above, the present invention relates to a method for chemically forming a nickel anode plate, and after electrically charging and discharging, the active material remains in a charged state by immersing it in an alcohol solution. Since the nickel anode plate to which the present invention method is applied has limited initial charging efficiency, it can be combined with a cadmium cathode plate to form a sealed alkaline storage battery, for example. In this case, a sufficient difference in capacity between the negative and anode plates can be ensured, and its industrial value as a nickel anode plate for a sealed storage battery is extremely great.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 ニツケル酸化物を充填せる陽極板を電気的に
充、放電した後、更にアルコール液中に浸漬して
残存する充電状態の活物質を還元し、放電状態の
活物質とすることを特徴とするニツケル陽極板の
化成法。
1. After the anode plate filled with nickel oxide is electrically charged and discharged, it is further immersed in an alcohol solution to reduce the remaining active material in a charged state and turn it into an active material in a discharged state. Chemical formation method for nickel anode plates.
JP3075180A 1980-03-10 1980-03-10 Formation of positive nickel plate Granted JPS56126260A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3075180A JPS56126260A (en) 1980-03-10 1980-03-10 Formation of positive nickel plate

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3075180A JPS56126260A (en) 1980-03-10 1980-03-10 Formation of positive nickel plate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS56126260A JPS56126260A (en) 1981-10-03
JPS6351350B2 true JPS6351350B2 (en) 1988-10-13

Family

ID=12312383

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3075180A Granted JPS56126260A (en) 1980-03-10 1980-03-10 Formation of positive nickel plate

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS56126260A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5405714A (en) * 1992-07-31 1995-04-11 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Method for activating an alkaline storage cell employing a non-sintered type nickel positive electrode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS56126260A (en) 1981-10-03

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