JPS63540B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in a stitch knitting method and apparatus.

Conventionally, as a technique for knitting stitches, a large number of consecutive knitting needles are gradually advanced from the knock-over position to the front of the flat-out position, supplying knitting yarn into each hook, and then moving to the knock-over position. Generally, new stitches are knitted using the knitting yarn by sequentially and gradually retreating the knitting yarn.

According to this method, a fabric pressing means such as a horizontally wide fabric holding plate, multiple brush wheels, or a sinker for holding the knitted fabric is indispensable in order to suppress the advance of the old stitches. This makes knitting equipment expensive, and when knitting a new stitch, the hooks of a large number of consecutive knitting needles pull the knitting yarn against each other, causing damage such as elongation of the knitting yarn, and causing damage to each knitted stitch. The fabric becomes smaller than it was when knitting, and the entire knitted fabric shrinks. Therefore, there is the trouble of having to set a large number of knitting needles in advance in anticipation of the shrinkage, and furthermore, it is difficult to move a large number of knitting needles forward and backward at the same time. As a result, the knitting resistance increases and the operating load becomes extremely large.Furthermore, when a large number of knitting needles are gradually advanced and retreated, each butt is subject to not only the front-back force but also the left-right force, i.e. Since the needle bed is subjected to lateral pressure, various disadvantages have been pointed out, such as the need to use a hard, robust, and expensive material for the groove plate of the needle bed in order to sufficiently withstand the lateral pressure.

However, the present invention aims to provide a new stitch knitting method and apparatus that can eliminate all of the drawbacks of the conventional methods described above.

An embodiment embodying the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a needle bed for a hand knitting machine that is long in the left-right direction, and includes a front needle receiving plate 2, a rear needle receiving plate 3, a comb tooth receiving plate 4, a groove plate 5, a rail plate 6, etc., which are connected by appropriate connecting means. Composed by. Reference numeral 7 denotes a large number of knitting needles of ordinary shape, the needle stems of which are connected to the front and rear needle receiving plates 2,
The butts are arranged and supported at equal intervals while being movable in the front-rear direction with respect to the groove plate 5, and each of the butts is individually fitted into a butt guide groove 5A in the front-rear direction bored in the groove plate 5. Numeral 8 denotes comb teeth whose base end portions are fixed to the comb tooth receiving plate 4, and are arranged to protrude diagonally upward from the lower side of the front edge of the needle bed in the middle between adjacent knitting needles. Reference numeral 9 denotes a needle presser member made of an elastic material, which comes into elastic contact with the needle stem of each knitting needle 7 to prevent it from moving inadvertently.

In the figure, 10 is a carriage for knitting, which can slide left and right on the needle bed 1 by front legs 11 that slide on the front upper surface of the groove plate 5 and rear legs 12 that slide on the rail portion 6A of the rail plate 6. will be mounted on. Reference numeral 13 denotes a carriage attachment/detachment member provided on the upper surface of the rear side of the carriage 10, which includes an operation piece 14 projecting upward from the left and right center portions, and a regulation piece 15 that can engage with the regulation part 6B of the rail plate 6. It is provided with a pair of left and right guide pins 16 and an elongated hole 17 so as to be movable in the front and back direction within a small range, and in the rear position, the restriction piece 14 acts as a restriction part. 6B to make it impossible to remove the carriage 10,
Further, in the forward position, the regulating piece 14 is separated from the regulating portion 6B, allowing the carriage 10 to be removed. 18 is the rear leg 12 and the regulating piece 1;
A coil spring compressed and interposed between the front surface of the hanging portion of the carriage and the front surface of the hanging portion of the carriage 4 normally urges the carriage attachment/detachment member to the rear position. The front leg 11 has a substantially cross-shaped planar shape, and a guide recess 11A that is open at the top and long in the front-rear direction is formed in the left and right center portions of the front leg 11. A hollowed out portion 11B that is one step higher is formed.

The carriage 10 is equipped with a device for knitting knitting into one stitch, and this device will be explained below in order from the bottom side of the carriage to the top side. This needle guide member is supported on the lower surface of the carriage by being integrally connected to a stitch adjustment plate on the upper surface of the carriage, which will be described later, and is connected to the large main guide plate 20 and the upper rear side of the main guide plate 20. It is constituted by a hanging long and narrow needle resting passage forming wall 21 and a bridging piece 22 connected to the rear upper part of the left and right middle of the resting passage forming wall 21. A guide groove 23 in the front-rear direction, which is slightly wider than the left-right width of the butt of the knitting needle 7, is formed in the left and right center portions of the main guide plate 20, and a downwardly recessed barbed portion 2 is formed on the left and right upper surfaces of the guide groove 23.
4 is provided. An auxiliary guide groove 25 is formed at the left and right center portions of the needle rest passage forming wall 21 in correspondence with the extension of the guide groove 23 and having a width similar to that of the guide groove 23 . Between the facing portions of the main guide plate 20 and the needle rest path forming wall 21, a restraining passage P is formed in which the butt of the knitting needle 7 is fitted and guided linearly in the left-right direction while being restrained in the front-rear direction. Front and rear restraint surfaces 26, 27
(constituting the needle restraining member) is formed. Connecting pins are provided at three locations on the left and right front portions of the main guide plate 20 and on the bridging piece 22, which fit into longitudinally long guide holes 28 drilled in the carriage 10 and protrude high above the carriage. 29 is implanted and fixed as shown in FIG.

In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a needle moving member integrally made of a synthetic resin material, etc., which is sandwiched between the barbed portion 24 of the needle guide member 19 and the lower surface of the carriage, and has one needle on the rear side. A pair of butt moving pieces 31 are provided on the front side to hold the butt of the knitting needle 7 in the front-rear direction and fit into the guide groove 23 and the auxiliary guide groove 25 so as to be movable only in the front-rear direction. A guide piece 32 is provided in the guide recess 11A of the leg 11 and is fitted and supported so as to be movable only in the front-back direction.
In the front and rear intermediate parts, narrow fitting parts 33 are provided on both left and right sides.
A pin insertion hole 33 is provided between the two fitting parts 33A and having a non-fitting part 33B cut out in a wide arc shape around the rotation axis described later.

In the figure, reference numeral 34 denotes a stitch adjustment plate disposed on the upper surface of the carriage 10, which is fixed to the three connecting pins 29 so as to be movable in the front-rear direction integrally with the needle guide member 19. A protrusion 35 that projects upward is provided at its front end. 36 is a stitch adjustment dial provided on the upper front side of the carriage 10, which is rotatably pivoted around a shaft 37 that passes through the front side of the stitch adjustment plate 34 and is implanted on the upper surface of the carriage 10; A spiral cam groove 38 into which the protrusion 35 of the stitch adjustment plate 34 fits is provided on the lower surface, and teeth 39 are carved on the peripheral surface. 40
is a leaf spring whose base end is fixed to the upper surface of the carriage 10, and whose open end comes into elastic contact with the teeth 39 of the stitch adjustment dial 36 to hold the dial 36 in the rotated position. The stitch adjustment dial 3
6 according to an appropriate adjustment scale (not shown) according to the size of the knitted stitches, the needle guide member 19 and the needle moving member 30 can be switched in the front-rear direction as described later. This allows the size of the stitches to be adjusted.

In the figure, reference numeral 41 denotes an actuating piece for operating the needle moving member 30, which is inserted between the upper surface of the needle moving member 30 and the lower surface of the stitch adjustment plate 34 inside a large notch hole 42 opened in the center of the carriage 10. The open end thereof is inserted into the pin insertion hole 33 of the needle moving member 30, and the fitting portion 33A of the needle moving member 30 is inserted into the pin insertion hole 33 of the needle moving member 30.
An actuating pin 43 having a diameter large enough to fit into the three connecting pins 29 is provided at the base end, and a screw 44 is provided at the base end to fit into the mesh adjusting plate 34 and further onto the three connecting pins 29.
A rotating shaft 46 that fits into the connecting plate 45 and projects upwardly is fixed thereto. The rotating shaft 4
A vertical keyway 47 is provided on the circumferential surface of 6.
Reference numeral 48 denotes an operating handle attached to the upper end of the rotary shaft 46 , the base end of which is fitted into the upper end of the rotary shaft 45 and the keyway 47 and fixed with a screw 49 . By rotating the operating handle 48 and rotating the operating piece 41, the needle moving member 30 can be moved in the front and rear direction by the operating pin 43.

In the figure, reference numeral 50 denotes a feed drive member for driving the later-described Geneva gear, which is held between the upper surface of the stitch adjustment plate 34 and the lower surface of the connecting plate 45 and is fitted into the rotation shaft 46 and its key groove 47. The actuator 51 is mounted on the upper end of the actuator 51 and protrudes in the circumferential direction and has a hanging tip, and the lower end has a protrusion that slightly protrudes in the circumferential direction. A piece 52 is provided.

In the figure, reference numeral 53 denotes a thread drive cam for driving the thread in the left-right direction, which is fitted to the lower circumferential surface of the feed drive member 50 and relative to the feed drive member 50 within a range of about 100 degrees. A generally fan-shaped fan-shaped groove 54 into which the protruding piece 52 is fitted is provided so that it can be rotated and integrally rotated outside of that range, and the peripheral surface thereof is provided with a generally fan-shaped groove 54 into which the protruding piece 52 is fitted.
A pair of inclined cam surfaces 55 are provided 180 degrees apart.

In the figure, reference numeral 56 denotes a Geneva gear whose shaft portion is rotatably supported by the stitch adjustment plate 34 and the connecting plate 45 behind the rotating shaft 46, and the feed drive member 56
0 to form a so-called geneva stop mechanism, and around the circumference of the disk there are four fitting grooves 57 at 90° intervals into which the actuators 51 of the feed drive member 50 are respectively fitted. A small gear 58 is provided on the lower side thereof. The Geneva gear 5
6 is approximately 90 degrees until the actuator 51 of the feed drive member 50 is fitted into the fitting groove 57 in which the actuator 51 is located as the rotating shaft 46 rotates, and the actuator 51 escapes from the fitting groove 57. It is now being rotated over a period of time.

In the figure, reference numeral 59 denotes a shaft that is rotatably fitted and supported by the main guide plate 20 and the stitch adjustment plate 34 of the needle guide member 19 on both the left and right sides of the Geneva gear 56. A keyway 60 is provided. 61
is a driven gear rotatably supported on the upper end of the shaft 59 by the keyway 60, and is adapted to mesh with the pinion 58 of the Geneva gear 56, the number of teeth of which is equal to the number of teeth of the pinion 58. By setting the number to three times the number, when the Geneva gear 56 rotates approximately 90 degrees, it is rotated approximately 30 degrees, which is one-third of the rotation. 62 is the lower surface of the carriage 10 and the main guide plate 2
This is a butt engaging gear that is integrally rotatably fitted and supported by the lower end of each shaft 59 between the top surface of the shaft 59 and the upper surface of the shaft 59, and has pitches approximately coincident with the knitting needle pitches on its circumferential surface at intervals of 30 degrees. Teeth are provided, which protrude slightly into the restraining passage P and engage with the butts of the knitting needles 7 in the passage P.

Therefore, by rotating the operating handle 48, for example, clockwise in FIG.
and the small gear 58 is rotated approximately 90 degrees counterclockwise,
The pair of butt engaging gears 62 are rotated approximately 30 degrees clockwise.
In other words, it is rotated by one pitch of the knitting needle arrangement. In this case, since the teeth of both butt engaging gears 62 are engaged with the butts of the knitting needles 7 which are fixed in the direction in which the knitting needles are arranged, both butt engaging gears 62 are rotated clockwise due to the so-called rack and pinion relationship. While rotating, the entire knitting needle is moved laterally to the left by one pitch of the knitting needle row. In other words, the carriage 10 is moved laterally to the left by one pitch of the knitting needle arrangement. Further, by rotating the operation handle 48 counterclockwise in the opposite direction to that described above, the carriage 1 is
0 can be moved laterally to the right by one pitch of the knitting needle arrangement.

In the figure, reference numeral 63 denotes a yarn opening member that is integrally made of a material such as synthetic resin, and in the center thereof, the knitting yarn T paid out from a yarn tension adjustment mechanism (not shown) is supplied to the hook of the knitting needle 7. A cylindrical thread opening 64 is formed for this purpose, and protrusions 6 projecting upward are formed on both left and right sides.
5 are formed, including a thread 64 and a pair of protrusions 6
The upper end portions of the carriages 5 pass through the through holes 66 of the carriage 10 and are arranged to protrude upward. The clue member 63
is movable in the left-right direction while being supported by groove-shaped receiving portions 68 of a pair of left and right support pieces 67 fixed to the lower surface of the carriage 10.

In the figure, reference numeral 69 denotes a pair of left and right thread operating rods, the rear ends of which are rotatably fitted into the circular boss portions of the driven gear 61, and the front ends of which are fitted and connected to the protrusions 65 of the thread member 63. The thread drive cam 53 is provided at each front and rear intermediate portion.
A contact pin 71 is provided that contacts the peripheral surface of.

This embodiment is configured as described above.

The method of knitting the stitches will be explained below.

That is, in advance, the stitch adjustment dial 36 is rotated according to the size of the stitch to be knitted, and the needle guide member 19 is adjusted.
In addition, the knitting preparation position is set such that the knitting yarn T is inserted into the yarn opening 64, and the butts of the knitting needle groups involved in knitting during knitting of the needle bed 1 can be introduced into the restraining path P. At V, the butts of knitting needle groups that are not involved in knitting are placed at rear rest positions W, respectively.

Thus, the knitting needle groups involved in knitting are set up in advance by an appropriate means. This set-up may be performed by the present device, and when carried out by the present device, it is done by the following method.

That is, the carriage 10 is arranged, for example, on the left side of the knitting needle group, and the teeth of the butt engaging gear 62 on the right side are engaged with the butts of the knitting needles 7 in the restraining passage P, and in this state, the operating handle 48 is turned counterclockwise. By rotating the operating handle 48, the carriage 10 moves to the right by one pitch of the knitting needle arrangement, as described above.
The first approximately 90° rotation of the operating handle 48 causes
As shown in FIG. 5A, the actuator 5 of the drive member 50
1 is fitted into the fitting groove 57 of the Geneva gear 56, and then the same actuator 51 is fitted into the fitting groove 57 of the Geneva gear 56, as shown in FIG. 6A.
This is done by rotating the Geneva gear 56 approximately 90 degrees until it escapes from the position 7.

In this way, when the carriage 10 is sequentially moved to the right, the spring moving piece 31 clamps the butt of the leftmost knitting needle 7 (the position where the operating handle 48 is rotated 90 degrees from the initial position, as shown in FIG. 5A). Simultaneously with this clamping action, the thread 64 is moved to the left side (rear side in the carriage sliding direction) as shown in FIGS. ). With the subsequent counterclockwise rotation of the operating handle 48, the operating pin 43 of the operating piece 41 moves toward the needle moving member 30.
The same needle moving member 3 is fitted into the left fitting part 33A of
0 forward to move it forward to the most advanced position as shown in FIG. . As a result, by the subsequent counterclockwise rotation of the operating handle 48, the operating pin 43 of the operating piece 41 is fitted into the fitting portion 33A on the right side of the needle moving member 30, as shown in FIG. The needle moving member 30 begins to move backward, but at this time,
Based on the action of the inclined cam surface 55 of the yarn head drive cam 53, the yarn head 64 is laterally moved to the right (front side in the carriage sliding direction) to a position beyond the knitting needle 7 as shown in FIGS. 6A to 8B, The knitting yarn T of the thread opening 64 is wrapped between the open latch of the knitting needle 7 and the hook.
Then, by rotating the operating handle 48 to the initial position shown in FIG. 5A, the needle moving member 3
0 is retracted to the rearmost position, the knitting needle 7 held by the butt moving piece 31 is retracted to the position of the restraint passage P which is the knock over position, and thereby the hook combs the knitting yarn T. Pull it behind tooth 8.

Thereafter, each rotation of the operating handle 48 causes the knitting yarn T to be passed over the hook in the same manner as described above in the order of the knitting needle 7 adjacent to the right side, then the knitting needle 7 adjacent to the right side, etc., and one course is completed. end.

Next, a well-known drawn thread (not shown) is placed on the rear side of the comb teeth 4 and placed above the knitting thread T that is stretched in a zigzag pattern between each knitting needle 7 and the comb teeth 4. put.

By rotating the operating handle 48 in the opposite clockwise direction, the carriage 10 is moved to the left by one pitch of the knitting needle row, and new stitches are then knitted one after another starting from the rightmost knitting needle 7. It turns out.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7A, when the knitting needles 7 are moved to the front of the corner slip-off position, the wrapped knitting yarn T slips out, and then, as shown in FIG. 8A, , the knitting yarn T is supplied between the hook of the knitting needle 7 and the tip of the opened latch, and then, as shown in FIG. The passing knitting yarn T is knocked over and a new stitch K is knitted by the knitting yarn T. In this way, new stitches K are sequentially knitted, and knitting of the second course is completed.

Thereafter, knitting is continued in three and then four courses by the same operation as above, and after several courses have been knitted, the thread is pulled out. This completes the set-up.

After this, in the same manner as described above, the operation of knitting is performed by rotating the operation handle 48 counterclockwise to move the carriage 10 to the right, and the operation of knitting by rotating the handle 48 clockwise to move the carriage 10 to the left. It is sufficient to repeat the operation of organizing by moving to .

However, in this knitting, one knitting needle 7
During the period from when the knitting needle 7 starts to the end of the operation for knitting the stitch K, the butts of the knitting needles 7 on both the left and right sides of the knitting needle 7 are kept at the knock-over position in the restraining path P by the restraining surfaces 26 and 27. In order to continue to be held in that state, the old stitches KA suspended from the hooks of the knitting needles 7 and the new stitches K that were just knitted last time are drawn behind the comb teeth 8 and held in that state. Therefore, when the one knitting needle 7 is advanced to the flattening position, the flattening action of the old stitch KA on the knitting needle 7 is reliably performed, and thus,
When that one knitting needle 7 receives the knitting yarn T and is retreated to the knock-over position, both adjacent knitting needles 7
Since the stitch K and the old stitch KA do not attract each other, it is possible to easily and reliably knit a new stitch K having the size set by the stitch adjustment dial 36. Unlike stitches knitted with conventional knitting machines, they do not shrink.

In addition, as mentioned above, when one knitting needle 7 advances, the old stitch KA can be reliably pulled out, so not only is there no need for a conventional knitting presser device, but only one knitting needle 7 can be moved forward. Since the knitting is performed by moving forward and backward, the knitting operation can be carried out extremely easily.Furthermore, since the force applied to the single knitting needle 7 is only in the front-rear direction,
In particular, the butt guide groove 5A of the groove plate 5 of the needle bed 1 is connected to the knitting needle 7.
Since the needle bed 1, especially the groove plate 5, is not subjected to lateral force, that is, lateral pressure due to the butt, the needle bed 1, and particularly the groove plate 5, can be made of a low-strength material such as synthetic resin at an extremely low cost. .

In addition, in the above knitting, the size of the knitting stitches can be changed arbitrarily. In this case, first,
By rotating the stitch adjustment dial 36 and aligning a desired stitch adjustment scale (not shown) with a pointer or the like (not shown), the cam groove 38 of the dial 36 can be adjusted.
operates the protrusion 35 to move the stitch adjustment plate 34 to a predetermined position forward or backward. At this time, the stitch adjustment plate 34 is moved by the three connecting pins 29, the rotating shaft 46, etc.
The needle guide member 19, operating piece 41, operating handle 48, drive member 50, thread drive cam 53, Geneva gear 56, driven gear, thread drive operating rod 69, etc. that are integrated with (in the front-rear direction) are the stitch adjustment plate. 34 with respect to the carriage 10, and the needle moving member 30 is moved forward or backward together with the needle moving member 30 by the actuating piece 41 connected by its pin insertion hole 33 and an actuating pin 43 fitted therein. When the robot moves forward or backward, it is moved in the same direction. In this way, each of the connecting elements is moved forward or backward relative to the carriage 10 to be installed at a predetermined position. As a result, the position of the restraint passage P that introduces and guides the butt of the knitting needle 7 in the knitting preparation position V is displaced forward or backward, and if it is displaced forward, the amount of retraction of the knitting needle 7 at the knockover position is changed. As the number of stitches decreases, a small stitch K is knitted.
In addition, when the knitting needle 7 is displaced backward, the amount of retraction of the knitting needle 7 at the knockover position increases, resulting in a large stitch K.
will be organized.

According to the embodiment described above, the stitch knitting mechanism is configured to be manually driven by the operation handle 48, but it may be configured to be mechanically driven. For example, the operation handle 4
8 is connected to an electric motor capable of forward and reverse rotation, and the carriage 10 is moved, for example, to the right by forward rotation of the electric motor, and to the left by reverse rotation. It is okay to do so.

As described in detail above, the present invention is arranged such that at least one of the knitting needles involved in knitting is restrained on both sides of the knitting needle adjacent to the left and right at a substantially knock-over position. After the knitting needles are advanced from the knock-over position to the front of the knock-over position and the old stitches in the hook are pulled out, and the knitting yarn is supplied into the hook, the knitting needles on both sides are continued to be restrained at the approximately knock-over position. In this state, the one knitting needle is moved back to a knock-over position to knock over the old stitch and knit a new stitch using the knitting yarn.

Therefore, the knitting needles on both sides are restrained in the knock-over position from beginning to end, and their stitches are drawn in behind the comb teeth. The forward movement of the old stitch suspended from the hook is reliably blocked by the stitches of the knitting needles on both sides, and therefore, it is possible to extremely easily and reliably perform the flattening action of the old stitch, Therefore, there is no need for any knitted fabric pressing means as in conventional knitting machines. Furthermore, when the one knitting needle is moved back to the knockover position to knit a new stitch, the new stitch and the stitches of the knitting needles on both sides are not pulled against each other, so that the knitting yarn is In addition to not causing damage to the knitting yarns such as stretching, the new knitted stitches do not become smaller and the entire knitted fabric shrinks as in the past, and it is possible to create stitches of the desired size. It can be organized easily and reliably. Furthermore, since only one knitting needle is always operated, the knitting operation can be performed extremely easily. Furthermore, since it is only necessary to apply force in the front and back direction to the one knitting needle, the groove plate of the needle bed in particular is not subjected to lateral force, that is, lateral pressure, due to the butt of the knitting needle, and this Therefore, the needle bed can be constructed from a relatively fragile and inexpensive material, and together with the fact that the knitting fabric pressing means is unnecessary as described above, it is possible to provide an extremely inexpensive knitting machine. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a top view of the carriage with a portion cut away, FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the carriage with a portion cut away, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1.
Figure 4 is a sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 1;
Figure A, B, Figure 6 A, B, Figure 7 A, B and Figure 8
Figures A and B are action explanatory diagrams. 1...needle bed, 7...knitting needle, 10...carriage,
26, 27... Restriction surface, 30... Needle moving member, 6
4...Start of thread, K...stitch, KA...old stitch, T...
...knitting yarn.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. With at least one knitting needle among the knitting needles arranged in rows on the needle bed that are involved in knitting, the knitting needles on both sides adjacent to the left and right being restrained at substantially knock-over positions, One knitting needle is advanced from the knock-over position to the front of the slip-off position to slip off the old stitch in that hook, and after supplying knitting yarn into the hook, the knitting needles on both sides continue to move to the above-mentioned approximate knock-over position. While restrained in position,
A stitch knitting method characterized by knitting a new stitch using the knitting yarn by knocking over the old stitch by retracting the actual knitting needle to a knock-over position. 2. A carriage mounted on a needle bed in which a large number of knitting needles are arranged is engaged with at least the left and right adjacent knitting needles of a certain knitting needle involved in knitting to bring these knitting needles to a substantially knock-over position. While the knitting needles on both sides are restrained by the needle restraining member, the one knitting needle is once advanced from the knock-over position to the front of the collar removal position, and then the knitting needle is moved to the knock-over position. A stitch knitting device comprising: a needle moving member for moving the needle backward; and a yarn opening for supplying knitting yarn into the hook when the one knitting needle is advanced forward from a flat-out position. 3. The carriage is configured to be slidable in the knitting needle arrangement direction and to be able to stop at a predetermined movement position relative to the knitting needle pitch in relation to a timing member having a pitch related to the knitting needle or knitting needle pitch. The stitch knitting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: