JPS6355339B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6355339B2 JPS6355339B2 JP57176230A JP17623082A JPS6355339B2 JP S6355339 B2 JPS6355339 B2 JP S6355339B2 JP 57176230 A JP57176230 A JP 57176230A JP 17623082 A JP17623082 A JP 17623082A JP S6355339 B2 JPS6355339 B2 JP S6355339B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blood collection
- collection tube
- gas
- vacuum
- sealed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 106
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;molecular oxygen Chemical compound O=O.O=C=O UBAZGMLMVVQSCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical group [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002589 poly(vinylethylene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016067 Polianthes tuberosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000014047 Polianthes tuberosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003146 anticoagulant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127219 anticoagulant drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical class C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000346 polystyrene-polyisoprene block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical compound CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
発明の背景
技術分野
本発明は、減圧採血管に関するものである。詳
しく述べると、減圧度の長期維持が可能な減圧採
血管に関するものである。
先行技術
減圧採血方式は溶血や凝血が小さく、また汚染
や水分蒸散が少ない検体が得られ、また効率面で
は採血準備や器具の管理が単純化できるので広く
使用されている。しかして、このような減圧採血
方式において使用される減圧採血管は、管状容器
と穿刺可能な密封用ゴム栓とからなり、その密封
容器内は減圧されており、採血針の一端を血管に
穿刺後、他端を前記ゴム栓に穿刺して密封容器内
部と連通させることにより該容器内の負圧により
血液が流入して採血されるものである。このよう
な減圧採血管としては、従来、管状容器としてガ
ス透過性がなくかつ透明性の良好なものとしてガ
ラス製管状容器、また止栓としてガス透過性が低
くかつ穿刺可能なものとしてブチルゴム製栓より
なるものが使用されてきた。
しかしながら、ガラス製管状容器は、保存また
は運搬中、もしくは使用中に破損しやすく、また
重いという欠点があつた。このため、軽量で透明
な合成樹脂製管状容器の使用について検討を行な
つたが、合成樹脂は大なり小なりガス透過性があ
るので、長期間の保存中に周囲の雰囲気ガス、例
えば空気が密封された減圧採血管内に透過してし
まい、この結果、採血管内の圧力が上昇して所定
の減圧採血ができないことが判明した。このた
め、合成樹脂製減圧採血管を使用しようとすれ
ば、減圧包装容器内に保存する必要があつた。し
かるに、減圧包装容器による保存は、包装容器が
減圧容器であるために、極めて高価であるうえ
に、密封および開缶に著しく手間がかかるのでコ
スト高となるという欠点があつた。
また、ブチルゴム製栓体のベースとなるポリマ
ーはそれ自身では製品として必要な物性を有して
いないため、硫黄、加硫促進剤等の助剤を添加す
る等複雑な工程を経なければならないとともに、
製造時に再生利用のできないバリ部分が多く、生
産ロスも大きくなる等の欠点があつた。よつて熱
可塑性エラストマーを含み再生が可能な材質とす
ることができるが、この材質は栓体としてブチル
ゴム製のものよりもガス透過性が大きいという欠
点があつた。
発明の目的
したがつて、本発明の目的は、新規な減圧採血
管を提供することにある。本発明の他の目的は、
減圧度の長期維持が可能な減圧採血管を提供する
ことにある。
これらの諸目的は、一端が閉塞しかつ他端が開
口した管状部材と、該開口端を密閉した穿刺可能
な栓部材とよりなる採血管であつて、採血管を構
成する部材の少くとも一方の材質に対する透過係
数が該採血管外ガスよりも高いガスを採血管内に
封入しかつ減圧状態に保つてなる減圧採血管によ
り達成される。
本明細書において、採血管外（雰囲気）ガスと
は空気を示す。
また、本発明は、採血管を構成する部材の少く
とも一方の材質に対するガス透過係数が採血管内
封入ガスの透過係数をＡおよび採血管外雰囲気ガ
スの透過係数をＢとしたときに20B＞Ａ＞1.0B0、
好ましくは10B＞Ａ＞4Bである減圧採血管であ
る。さらに、本発明は、採血管内封入ガスがヘリ
ウム，アルゴン，ネオン，酸素，二酸化炭素，一
酸化炭素，エタンおよびプロパンよりなる群から
選ばれた少なくとも１種のガスである減圧採血管
である。また、本発明は、採血管内封入ガスがア
ルゴン，二酸化炭素である減圧採血管である。本
発明は、管状部材が合成樹脂製である減圧採血管
である。また、本発明は、合成樹脂がメチルチタ
クリレート樹脂である減圧採血管である。さら
に、本発明は、栓部材が熱可塑性エラストマー
と、ポリイソブチレンと、部分架橋ブチルゴムと
の配合物よりなるものである減圧採血管である。
発明の具体的説明
つぎに、図面を参照しながら本発明を詳細に説
明する。すなわち、第１図に示すように、本発明
による減圧採血管１は、一端が閉塞しかつ他端が
開口した管状部材２と、該管状部材２の開口端３
を密閉した穿刺可能な栓部材とよりなるもので、
このようにして密閉された管状部材２の内部空間
５には、該採血管を構成する部材の少なくとも一
方の材質、すなわち、管状部材若しくは、栓部材
あるいはその両方に対する透過係数が該採血管外
雰囲気ガスよるも高いガスが封入され、かつ該内
部空間５は減圧状態に保たれている。
この管状部材２を構成する部材としてはガラス
以外に合成樹脂として、できるだけガス透過性の
低いもの、好ましくは窒素のガス透過性が１×
10-10cm3（STP）cm／cm2・sec・cmHg以下、特に
好ましくは0.1×10-10cm3（STP）cm／cm2・sec・
cmHg以下のもので、かつ透明性に優れ、保形性
ないし機械的強度の充分なものがよい。その代表
的なものとしては、一例を挙げると、例えばポリ
メチルメタクリレート，ポリ塩化ビニリデン，ポ
リ塩化ビニル，エチレン―ビニルアルコール共重
合体，ポリエチレンテレフタレート，６，６―ナ
イロン，６―ナイロン等があり、好ましくはポリ
メチルメタクリレート，エチレン―ビニルアルコ
ール共重合体等であり、最も好ましくはポリメチ
ルメタチリレートである。栓部材４を構成する材
料としては、ブチルゴム以外に後述するように使
用時に採血針の穿刺が可能でかつ該採血針の穿刺
により採血針と栓部材との間が緩まないだけの充
分な弾性を有し、さらに再生利用が可能でありし
かも前記管状部材を構成する合成樹脂と同様にガ
ス透過性の低いものが望ましい。その代表的なも
のとしては、例えば熱可塑性エラストマーとポリ
イソブチレンと部分架橋ブチルゴムとの配合物等
があり、好ましくは熱可塑性エラストマーとポリ
イソブチレンと部分架橋ブチルゴムとの配合物で
ある。
該配合物における各成分の組成は、熱可塑性エ
ラストマー100重量部当りポリイソブチレン100〜
200重量部、好ましくは120〜150重量部であり、
部分架橋ブチルゴム100〜200重量部、好ましくは
120〜150重量部である。
熱可塑性エラストマーとしては、エチレン―プ
ロピレンゴム系，ポリエステルエラストマー，ナ
イロンエラストマー系，スチレン―イソプレンブ
ロツク共重合体，スチレン―ブタジエンブロツク
共重合体，ポリブタジエン，熱可塑性ポリウレタ
ン，水素添加スチレン―ブタジエンブロツクス共
重合体等がある。ポリイソブチレンは、分子量
15000〜20000、好ましくは80000〜150000のもの
である。部分架橋ブチルゴムは、イソブチレンと
少量（例えば0.3〜3.0モル％）のイソプレンとを
共重合させて得られるブチルゴムを部分架橋して
なるものである。
前記減圧採血管１内の内部空間５に封入される
ガスとしては、採血管の管状部材若しくは栓部材
に対する透過係数が該採血管外雰囲気ガスのそれ
よりも高いものであることが必要で、特に、採血
管内封入ガスの透過係数をＡおよび採血管外雰囲
気ガスの透過係数をＢとしたときに20B＞Ａ＞
1.0B、好ましくは10B＞Ａ＞4Bの範囲にあるも
のが望ましい。
前記のごとき封入ガスとしては、例えばヘリウ
ム，アルゴン，ネオン，酸素，炭酸ガス，一酸化
炭素，エタン，プロパン，エチレン，プロピン，
ブタン等があり、好ましくはヘリウム，アルゴ
ン，酸素，炭酸ガス等であり、最も好ましくはア
ルゴンまたは炭酸ガスである。
次に、透過係数の測定例を示す。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to reduced pressure blood collection tubes. More specifically, the present invention relates to a reduced pressure blood collection tube that can maintain a reduced pressure level for a long period of time. Prior Art The reduced-pressure blood sampling method is widely used because it produces samples with less hemolysis and coagulation, less contamination and water evaporation, and simplifies blood collection preparation and equipment management in terms of efficiency. Therefore, the vacuum blood collection tube used in such a vacuum blood collection system consists of a tubular container and a sealing rubber stopper that can be punctured. After that, the other end is punctured into the rubber stopper to communicate with the inside of the sealed container, so that blood flows in due to the negative pressure inside the container and blood is collected. Conventionally, such vacuum blood collection tubes have been made of glass tubular containers, which have no gas permeability and good transparency, and butyl rubber stoppers, which have low gas permeability and can be punctured. More have been used. However, glass tubular containers have the disadvantage that they are easily damaged during storage, transportation, or use, and are heavy. For this reason, we considered using a lightweight and transparent tubular container made of synthetic resin, but since synthetic resin is more or less gas permeable, surrounding atmospheric gases, such as air, may leak during long-term storage. It was found that the blood permeated into the sealed reduced pressure blood collection tube, and as a result, the pressure inside the blood collection tube rose, making it impossible to perform blood collection under the specified reduced pressure. For this reason, if synthetic resin vacuum blood collection tubes were to be used, they had to be stored in vacuum packaging containers. However, storage in a vacuum packaging container has the disadvantage that, since the packaging container is a vacuum container, it is extremely expensive, and it also takes considerable time and effort to seal and open the can, resulting in high costs. Additionally, the polymer that forms the base of the butyl rubber stopper itself does not have the necessary physical properties as a product, so it must undergo complicated processes such as adding auxiliary agents such as sulfur and vulcanization accelerators. ,
There were many burrs that could not be recycled during manufacturing, resulting in large production losses. Therefore, it is possible to use a material that includes a thermoplastic elastomer and is recyclable, but this material has the disadvantage that it has higher gas permeability than a plug made of butyl rubber. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel vacuum blood collection tube. Another object of the invention is to
The object of the present invention is to provide a reduced pressure blood collection tube that can maintain the reduced pressure level for a long period of time. These objects are blood collection tubes consisting of a tubular member with one end closed and the other end open, and a pierceable plug member with the open end sealed, and at least one of the members constituting the blood collection tube. This is achieved by using a vacuum blood collection tube in which a gas having a higher permeability coefficient through the material than the gas outside the blood collection tube is sealed and kept in a reduced pressure state. In this specification, the (atmosphere) gas outside the blood collection tube refers to air. Further, the present invention provides that the gas permeability coefficient for at least one material of the member constituting the blood collection tube is 20B>A when the permeability coefficient of the gas sealed inside the blood collection tube is A and the permeability coefficient of the atmospheric gas outside the blood collection tube is B. ＞1.0B0,
Preferably, it is a vacuum blood collection tube in which 10B>A>4B. Furthermore, the present invention provides a vacuum blood collection tube in which the gas sealed in the blood collection tube is at least one gas selected from the group consisting of helium, argon, neon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ethane, and propane. Further, the present invention is a reduced pressure blood collection tube in which the gas sealed inside the blood collection tube is argon or carbon dioxide. The present invention is a reduced pressure blood collection tube whose tubular member is made of synthetic resin. The present invention also provides a vacuum blood collection tube in which the synthetic resin is methyl titacrylate resin. Furthermore, the present invention is a vacuum blood collection tube in which the plug member is made of a blend of thermoplastic elastomer, polyisobutylene, and partially crosslinked butyl rubber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the reduced pressure blood collection tube 1 according to the present invention includes a tubular member 2 with one end closed and the other end open, and an open end 3 of the tubular member 2.
It consists of a pierceable plug member that seals the
In the interior space 5 of the tubular member 2 sealed in this way, the permeability coefficient for at least one of the materials constituting the blood collection tube, that is, the tubular member, the plug member, or both, is determined by the atmosphere outside the blood collection tube. The internal space 5 is filled with a higher gas than normal gas, and the internal space 5 is maintained at a reduced pressure. The material constituting this tubular member 2 is a synthetic resin other than glass that has as low a gas permeability as possible, preferably a nitrogen gas permeability of 1x.
10 -10 cm 3 (STP) cm/cm 2・sec・cmHg or less, particularly preferably 0.1×10 −10 cm 3 (STP) cm/cm 2・sec・
cmHg or less, excellent transparency, and sufficient shape retention and mechanical strength. Typical examples include polymethyl methacrylate, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate, 6,6-nylon, 6-nylon, etc. Preferred are polymethyl methacrylate, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, etc., and most preferred is polymethyl methacrylate. In addition to butyl rubber, the material constituting the plug member 4 may be one that has sufficient elasticity to allow the puncture of the blood collection needle during use and to prevent the gap between the blood collection needle and the plug member from loosening due to the puncture of the blood collection needle, as will be described later. It is desirable that the synthetic resin has a low gas permeability similar to the synthetic resin constituting the tubular member, and is also recyclable. Typical examples thereof include, for example, a blend of a thermoplastic elastomer, polyisobutylene, and partially crosslinked butyl rubber, and preferably a blend of a thermoplastic elastomer, polyisobutylene, and partially crosslinked butyl rubber. The composition of each component in the formulation ranges from 100 to 100 parts by weight of polyisobutylene per 100 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer.
200 parts by weight, preferably 120-150 parts by weight,
100 to 200 parts by weight of partially crosslinked butyl rubber, preferably
It is 120-150 parts by weight. Examples of thermoplastic elastomers include ethylene-propylene rubber, polyester elastomer, nylon elastomer, styrene-isoprene block copolymer, styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polybutadiene, thermoplastic polyurethane, and hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer. There are mergers, etc. Polyisobutylene has a molecular weight
15,000 to 20,000, preferably 80,000 to 150,000. Partially crosslinked butyl rubber is obtained by partially crosslinking butyl rubber obtained by copolymerizing isobutylene and a small amount (for example, 0.3 to 3.0 mol%) of isoprene. The gas sealed in the internal space 5 of the reduced pressure blood collection tube 1 must have a permeability coefficient to the tubular member or plug member of the blood collection tube that is higher than that of the atmospheric gas outside the blood collection tube. , when the permeability coefficient of the gas sealed inside the blood collection tube is A and the permeability coefficient of the atmospheric gas outside the blood collection tube is B, 20B>A>
1.0B, preferably in the range of 10B>A>4B. Examples of the filled gas include helium, argon, neon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ethane, propane, ethylene, propyne,
Examples include butane, preferably helium, argon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc., and most preferably argon or carbon dioxide. Next, an example of measuring the transmission coefficient will be shown.
【表】
本発明において前記のごときガスを採血管内に
封入する理由は、つぎのとおりである。例えば封
入ガスがアルゴンである場合、減圧採血管を大気
中に放置した場合、採血管内は空気の分圧（特に
窒素の分圧）は実質的にゼロであるので、空気
（特に窒素）が透過して採血管内の空気（特に窒
素）の分圧は増大するが、一方、採血管内のアル
ゴンについていえば大気中のアルゴンの分圧はゼ
ロに近いので、採血管内のアルゴンは管外へ透過
して大気中へ拡散していく。しかも、空気（特に
窒素）が管外より管内へ透過する速度よりも、ア
ルゴンが管内より管外へ透過する速度の方が大き
いので採血管の全圧は増大せず、このため必要な
減圧度が保たれるのである。このことは、該減圧
採血管を大気中でなく、窒素雰囲気下に保持した
場合でも同様である。しかしながら、封入ガスの
透過係数があまりにも大きすぎると、封入ガスが
抜けすぎるので、採血管内は必要以上の減圧度に
なる恐れがあり、そのため必要量以上の血液が採
取されることになる。したがつて、前記関係式の
範囲内であることが望ましい。
しかして、本発明による減圧採血管内の減圧度
は、所定の血液が管内に流入するに必要にしてか
つ充分な負圧となるだけのものであればよい。例
えば内容積12mlの採血管の場合、血液を10ml採取
しようとする場合には76×（２／12）cmHgのガス
圧となるように減圧すればよい。なお、前記減圧
採血管内には、必要により予め抗凝血剤を収納し
ておいてもよいことはもちろんである。
具体的作用
以上のごとき構成を有する減圧採血管は、つぎ
のようにして使用される。すなわち、第１図に示
すように所定のガスを封入して所定の減圧度に減
圧採血管１を第２図に示すように一端が閉塞しか
つ他端が開口し、該閉塞端部６のねじ穴７に採血
針８を螺着した採血管ホルダー９内に前記開口部
から嵌挿する。この採血針８は、例えば血管刺通
部８ａと栓穿刺部８ｂとよりなり、該栓穿刺部８
ｂには合成樹脂製のルアーアダプター１０で包装
されている。ついで、採血針８の血管刺通部８ａ
を血管、例えば静脈に刺通し、さらに減圧採血管
１を採血管ホルダー９の閉塞端部６へ押圧挿入す
ると、採血管８の栓穿刺部８ｂがルアーアダプタ
ー１０および栓部材４を穿刺してその先端部が採
血管１の内部空間５に達するので、血管と該内部
空間５とが連通し、該内部空間５内の負圧により
血管内の血液は減圧度に相当するだけ採血管１の
内部空間５内に流入する。ついで、採血針８の血
管刺通部８ａを血管より外すことにより採血が終
了する。
つぎに、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に
説明する。
実施例 １
第１図に示すように、一端が閉塞しかつ他端が
開口した肉厚１mmの管状容器２をポリメチルメタ
クリレートで作つた。一方、熱可塑性エラストマ
ー（１，２―ポリブタジエン）25重量部、ポリイ
ソブチレン（分子量100000）35重量部および部分
架橋ブチルゴム25重量部、流動パラフイン15重量
部よりなる配合物で栓部材で作り、前記管状容器
２の開口端３に密栓し、該管状容器２内にアルゴ
ンを封入し、減圧度（管内圧）150mmHgに保つ
た。このときのポリメチルメタクリレートに対す
るアルゴンの透過係数は0.5×10-10cm3（STP）
cm／cm2・sec・cmHgであり、また空気の透過係数
は0.2×10-10cm3（STP）cm／cm2・sec・cmHgであ
つた。このようにして作成された減圧採血管１に
ついて大気中に放置後の採血量の経時変化を試験
したところ、第１表の結果が得られた。
実施例 ２〜５
実施例１の方法において、アルゴンの代りに酸
素，炭酸ガス，ヘリウムおよび一酸化炭素を封入
した以外は同様な方法を行なつたところ、第１表
の結果が得られた。
比較例 １
実施例１の方法において、アルゴンの代りに空
気２を封入した以外は同様な方法を行なつたとこ
ろ、第１表の結果が得られた。[Table] The reason why the above gas is sealed in the blood collection tube in the present invention is as follows. For example, if the filled gas is argon and a vacuum blood collection tube is left in the atmosphere, the partial pressure of air (especially nitrogen partial pressure) inside the blood collection tube is essentially zero, so air (especially nitrogen) will permeate. As a result, the partial pressure of air (especially nitrogen) inside the blood collection tube increases, but on the other hand, the partial pressure of argon in the atmosphere is close to zero, so the argon inside the blood collection tube permeates outside the tube. and diffuses into the atmosphere. Moreover, the rate at which argon permeates from the inside of the tube to the outside of the tube is greater than the rate at which air (particularly nitrogen) permeates from the outside to the inside of the tube, so the total pressure in the blood collection tube does not increase, and therefore the degree of depressurization required is is maintained. This is true even when the reduced pressure blood collection tube is maintained not in the air but in a nitrogen atmosphere. However, if the permeability coefficient of the filled gas is too large, the filled gas will escape too much, and there is a risk that the pressure inside the blood collection tube will be more reduced than necessary, resulting in a larger amount of blood being collected than necessary. Therefore, it is desirable that the relationship be within the range of the above relational expression. Therefore, the degree of vacuum in the vacuum blood collection tube according to the present invention may be as long as it is necessary and sufficient for the predetermined blood to flow into the tube. For example, in the case of a blood collection tube with an internal volume of 12 ml, if 10 ml of blood is to be collected, the pressure may be reduced to a gas pressure of 76 x (2/12) cmHg. It goes without saying that an anticoagulant may be stored in the vacuum blood collection tube in advance, if necessary. Specific Functions The vacuum blood collection tube having the above configuration is used in the following manner. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, a vacuum blood collection tube 1 is filled with a predetermined gas to a predetermined degree of vacuum, and one end is closed and the other end is opened as shown in FIG. The blood collection needle 8 is inserted into the blood collection tube holder 9 which is screwed into the screw hole 7 through the opening. This blood collection needle 8 includes, for example, a blood vessel piercing part 8a and a plug puncturing part 8b.
b is packaged with a lure adapter 10 made of synthetic resin. Next, the blood vessel piercing portion 8a of the blood collection needle 8
is inserted into a blood vessel, for example, a vein, and the reduced pressure blood collection tube 1 is pressed into the closed end 6 of the blood collection tube holder 9. When the stopper puncture portion 8b of the blood collection tube 8 punctures the Luer adapter 10 and the stopper member 4, the tip Since the part reaches the internal space 5 of the blood collection tube 1, the blood vessel and the internal space 5 communicate with each other, and due to the negative pressure in the internal space 5, the blood in the blood vessel flows into the internal space of the blood collection tube 1 by an amount corresponding to the degree of reduced pressure. 5. Then, blood collection is completed by removing the blood vessel piercing portion 8a of the blood collection needle 8 from the blood vessel. Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail by giving examples. Example 1 As shown in FIG. 1, a tubular container 2 having a wall thickness of 1 mm and having one end closed and the other end open was made of polymethyl methacrylate. On the other hand, a plug member was made of a compound consisting of 25 parts by weight of thermoplastic elastomer (1,2-polybutadiene), 35 parts by weight of polyisobutylene (molecular weight 100,000), 25 parts by weight of partially crosslinked butyl rubber, and 15 parts by weight of liquid paraffin, and The open end 3 of the container 2 was tightly stoppered, and argon was sealed in the tubular container 2 to maintain a degree of vacuum (tube internal pressure) of 150 mmHg. The permeability coefficient of argon to polymethyl methacrylate at this time is 0.5 × 10 -10 cm 3 (STP)
cm/cm 2 ·sec·cmHg, and the air permeability coefficient was 0.2×10 -10 cm 3 (STP) cm/cm 2 ·sec·cmHg. When the vacuum blood collection tube 1 thus prepared was tested for changes over time in the amount of blood collected after being left in the atmosphere, the results shown in Table 1 were obtained. Examples 2 to 5 The same method as in Example 1 was carried out except that oxygen, carbon dioxide gas, helium, and carbon monoxide were sealed instead of argon, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained. Comparative Example 1 The same method as in Example 1 was carried out except that air 2 was filled in instead of argon, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
【表】
なお、上記栓部材をブチルゴム製のものとした
場合も同様な結果が得られた。
実施例 ６
第１図に示すように、一端が閉塞しかつ他端が
開口した肉厚１mmの管状容器２をガラスで作つ
た。一方、熱可塑性エラストマー（１，２―ポリ
ブタジエン単体）で栓部材４を作り、前記管状容
器２の開口端３に密栓し、該管状容器２内にアル
ゴンを封入し、減圧度（管内圧）150mmHgに保つ
た。このときの１，２―ポリブタジエンに対する
アルゴンの透過係数は41.0×10-10cm3（STP）・
cm／cm2・sec・cmHgであり、また空気の透過係数
は16.5×10-10cm3（STP）・cm／cm2・sec・cmHgで
あつた。このようにして作成された減圧採血管１
について大気中の放置後の採血量の経時変化を試
験したところ、第２表の結果が得られた。
実施例 ７〜10
実施例６の方法において、アルゴンの代りに酸
素、炭酸ガス、ヘリウムおよび一酸化炭素を封入
した以外は同様な方法を行なつたところ、第２表
の結果が得られた。
比較例 ２
実施例６の方法において、アルゴンの代りに空
気を封入した以外は同様な方法を行なつたとこ
ろ、第２表の結果が得られた。[Table] Similar results were obtained when the plug member was made of butyl rubber. Example 6 As shown in FIG. 1, a tubular container 2 having a wall thickness of 1 mm and having one end closed and the other end open was made of glass. On the other hand, a plug member 4 is made of a thermoplastic elastomer (1,2-polybutadiene alone), and the opening end 3 of the tubular container 2 is tightly plugged, and argon is sealed inside the tubular container 2, and the degree of reduced pressure (pipe internal pressure) is 150 mmHg. I kept it. At this time, the permeability coefficient of argon to 1,2-polybutadiene is 41.0×10 -10 cm 3 (STP).
cm/cm 2 ·sec·cmHg, and the air permeability coefficient was 16.5×10 −10 cm 3 (STP)·cm/cm 2 ·sec·cmHg. Vacuum blood collection tube 1 created in this way
When a test was conducted to determine the change over time in the amount of blood collected after being left in the atmosphere, the results shown in Table 2 were obtained. Examples 7 to 10 The same method as in Example 6 was carried out except that oxygen, carbon dioxide gas, helium, and carbon monoxide were sealed instead of argon, and the results shown in Table 2 were obtained. Comparative Example 2 The same method as in Example 6 was carried out except that air was sealed instead of argon, and the results shown in Table 2 were obtained.
【表】
発明の具体的効果
以上述べたように、本発明は、一端が閉塞しか
つ他端が開口した管状部材と、該開口端を密閉し
た穿刺可能な栓部材とよりなる採血管であつて、
該採血管を構成する部材の少くとも一方の部材に
対する透過係数が該採血管外ガスよりも高いガス
を外採血管内に封入しかつ減圧状態に保つてなる
減圧採血管であるから、採血管自体がある程度ガ
ス透過性のものであつても、封入ガスの方が採血
管外雰囲気ガスよりも透過性が高いので、封入ガ
スの採血管外雰囲気ガスとの分圧差による透過量
の方が、採血管外雰囲気ガスの封入ガスとの分圧
差による透過量より大きいので採血管内に常に所
定の減圧度に保たれるのである。
特に、採血管を構成する部材の少なくとも一方
の材質に対するガス透過係数が、採血管内封入ガ
スの透過係数をＡおよび採血管該雰囲気ガスの透
過係数をＢとしたときに、20B＞Ａ＞1.0B、特に
10B＞Ａ＞4Bの関係である場合には、採血管内
が減圧されすぎることなくほぼ一定の減圧度を保
つことができるので好適である。また、封入ガス
として、ヘリウム，アルゴン，ネオン，酸素，炭
酸ガス，一酸化炭素，エタン，プロパン等、特に
アルゴン又は炭酸ガスを使用すると、ガス透過係
数が適当でかつ安全性が高いので優れた効果が得
られる。さらに、管状部材としてガラス以外にガ
ス透過性の低い合成樹脂製、特にポリメチルメタ
クリレート製のものを使用しても良好な結果が得
られ、軽量でかつ貯蔵、運搬中あるいは使用時に
破損する心配がなくさらに、栓部材としてブチル
ゴム以外に熱可塑性エラストマーとポリイソブチ
レンと部分架橋ブチルゴムとの配合物製のものを
使用しても、ガス透過性が低く、しかも採血針の
穿刺により針と栓部材との間が緩むことなく充分
な弾性および気密性をもつて採血針を保持するの
で、所定の採血が可能となる。[Table] Specific Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention provides a blood collection tube comprising a tubular member with one end closed and the other end open, and a pierceable plug member with the open end sealed. hand,
The blood collection tube itself is a vacuum blood collection tube in which a gas whose permeability coefficient to at least one of the members constituting the blood collection tube is higher than that of the gas outside the blood collection tube is sealed inside the tube and maintained in a reduced pressure state. Even if the gas is permeable to some extent, the permeability of the sealed gas is higher than that of the atmospheric gas outside the blood sampling tube, so the amount of permeation due to the difference in partial pressure between the filled gas and the atmospheric gas outside the blood sampling tube is greater Since the permeation amount is greater than the amount of permeation due to the difference in partial pressure between the extravascular atmospheric gas and the sealed gas, a predetermined degree of vacuum is always maintained within the blood collection tube. In particular, the gas permeability coefficient for at least one of the materials constituting the blood collection tube is 20B>A>1.0B, where A is the permeability coefficient of the gas sealed in the blood collection tube and B is the permeability coefficient of the atmospheric gas in the blood collection tube. ,especially
The relationship 10B>A>4B is preferable because it is possible to maintain a substantially constant degree of vacuum without reducing the pressure in the blood collection tube too much. In addition, using helium, argon, neon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ethane, propane, etc. as the filler gas, especially argon or carbon dioxide, has an appropriate gas permeability coefficient and is highly safe, resulting in excellent effects. is obtained. Furthermore, in addition to glass, good results can be obtained by using synthetic resins with low gas permeability, especially polymethyl methacrylate, as the tubular members, and they are lightweight and free from damage during storage, transportation, or use. Furthermore, even if a material made of a mixture of thermoplastic elastomer, polyisobutylene, and partially cross-linked butyl rubber is used as the plug member other than butyl rubber, gas permeability is low, and furthermore, the connection between the needle and the plug member due to the puncture of the blood collection needle is low. Since the blood collection needle is held with sufficient elasticity and airtightness without loosening, a predetermined blood collection becomes possible.
第１図は本発明による減圧採血管の一例を示す
断面図であり、また第２〜３図は減圧採血管の使
用状態を示す断面図である。
１……減圧採血管、２……管状体、３……開口
端、４……栓部材、５……内部空間。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a reduced pressure blood collection tube according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views showing the state in which the reduced pressure blood collection tube is used. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Decompression blood collection tube, 2... Tubular body, 3... Open end, 4... Plug member, 5... Internal space.
Claims (1)
と、該開口端を密閉した穿刺可能な栓部材とより
なる採血管であつて、該採血管を構成する部材の
少なくとも一方の材質に対する透過係数が空気の
それよりも大きいガスを該採血管内に封入しかつ
減圧状態に保つてなる減圧採血管。 ２ 該採血管を構成する部材の少なくとも一方の
材質に対するガス透過係数が採血管内封入ガスの
透過係数をＡおよび空気の透過係数をＢとしたと
きに20B＞Ａ＞1.0Bである特許請求の範囲第１項
に記載の減圧採血管。 ３ 採血管を構成する部材の少くとも一方の材質
に対するガス透過係数が、採血管内封入ガスの透
過係数をＡおよび空気の透過係数をＢとしたとき
に10B＞Ａ＞4Bである特許請求の範囲第１項に
記載の減圧採血管。 ４ 採血管内封入ガスが、ヘリウム、アルゴン、
酸素、炭酸ガス、一酸化炭素、エタンおよびプロ
パンよりなる群から選ばれた少なくとも１種のガ
スである特許請求の範囲第２項に記載の減圧採血
管。 ５ 採血管内封入ガスが一酸化炭素または炭酸ガ
スである特許請求の範囲第４項に記載の減圧採血
管。 ６ 管状部材が合成樹脂製である特許請求の範囲
第１項ないし第５項のいずれか一つに記載の減圧
採血管。 ７ 合成樹脂がメチルメタクリレート樹脂である
特許請求の範囲第６項に記載の減圧採血管。 ８ 栓部材が熱可塑性エラストマーと、ポリイソ
ブチレンと、部分架橋ブチルゴムとの配合物より
なるものである特許請求の範囲第１項ないし第７
項のいずれか一つに記載の減圧採血管。[Scope of Claims] 1. A blood collection tube consisting of a tubular member with one end closed and the other end open, and a pierceable plug member with the open end sealed, which includes at least one of the members constituting the blood collection tube. A reduced pressure blood collection tube, in which a gas whose permeability coefficient to one material is larger than that of air is sealed in the blood collection tube and maintained in a reduced pressure state. 2. A claim in which the gas permeability coefficient of at least one of the materials constituting the blood collection tube is 20B>A>1.0B, where A is the permeability coefficient of the gas sealed in the blood collection tube and B is the permeation coefficient of air. The vacuum blood collection tube according to item 1. 3 Claims in which the gas permeability coefficient of at least one material of the member constituting the blood collection tube is 10B>A>4B, where A is the permeation coefficient of the gas sealed in the blood collection tube and B is the permeation coefficient of air. The vacuum blood collection tube according to item 1. 4 The gas sealed in the blood collection tube is helium, argon,
The vacuum blood collection tube according to claim 2, which is at least one gas selected from the group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ethane, and propane. 5. The vacuum blood collection tube according to claim 4, wherein the gas sealed inside the blood collection tube is carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. 6. The vacuum blood collection tube according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tubular member is made of synthetic resin. 7. The vacuum blood collection tube according to claim 6, wherein the synthetic resin is methyl methacrylate resin. 8. Claims 1 to 7, in which the plug member is made of a blend of thermoplastic elastomer, polyisobutylene, and partially crosslinked butyl rubber.
The vacuum blood collection tube described in any one of paragraphs.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57176230A JPS5967933A (en) | 1982-10-08 | 1982-10-08 | Vacuum blood sampling tube |
| AU19960/83A AU546483B2 (en) | 1982-10-08 | 1983-10-07 | Evacuated blood collecting device |
| DE8383110048T DE3376194D1 (en) | 1982-10-08 | 1983-10-07 | Evacuated blood collecting device |
| EP83110048A EP0106290B1 (en) | 1982-10-08 | 1983-10-07 | Evacuated blood collecting device |
| US07/283,024 US4936314A (en) | 1982-10-08 | 1988-12-09 | Method of evacuating and preserving a blood collecting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57176230A JPS5967933A (en) | 1982-10-08 | 1982-10-08 | Vacuum blood sampling tube |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5967933A JPS5967933A (en) | 1984-04-17 |
| JPS6355339B2 true JPS6355339B2 (en) | 1988-11-02 |
Family
ID=16009905
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57176230A Granted JPS5967933A (en) | 1982-10-08 | 1982-10-08 | Vacuum blood sampling tube |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5967933A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5967934A (en) * | 1982-10-08 | 1984-04-17 | テルモ株式会社 | Vacuum blood sampling tube |
| JPS6137242A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-02-22 | 塩谷エムエス株式会社 | Stopcock for transfusion liquid |
| JPS61131746A (en) * | 1984-11-30 | 1986-06-19 | 塩谷エムエス株式会社 | Stopcock for freeze drying preparation |
-
1982
- 1982-10-08 JP JP57176230A patent/JPS5967933A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5967933A (en) | 1984-04-17 |
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