JPS635983B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a single-phase AC synchronous motor, and more specifically, to a single-phase AC synchronous motor consisting of a four-pole permanent magnet outer rotor, a full-wave The present invention relates to a single-phase AC motor that is driven by a rectified current and equipped with a conversion device that converts the direction of a current flowing through a coil of a fixed armature so as to bias the rotation of the rotor as the rotor rotates.

The inventor has published Japanese Patent Application No. 55-142293 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 57-68652) as an AC motor incorporating a starting mechanism.
We filed applications such as Japanese Patent Application No. 142294 (1982) (Japanese Patent Application No. 95168/1982) and Japanese Patent Application No. 4078/1984 (Japanese Patent Application No. 119664/1982).

In these applications, drive at startup was based on half-wave rectified current, but in order to eliminate energy loss, it is desirable to use full-wave rectified current.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a four-channel motor on the outside of the corresponding fixed armature, which can use full-wave rectified current during driving and has extremely high power consumption efficiency during synchronous operation.
A pole permanent magnet rotor is provided, and a commutator that rotates integrally is provided on the shaft of the rotor. A pair of coil brushes that connect to the coil terminals of the fixed armature and a pair of power supply brushes that connect to the single-phase AC power source via a full-wave rectifier circuit are displaced by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction and slide alternately. The brushes are in contact with each other, and a stopper is arranged at a slight interval between the brushes. Among these stoppers, the stopper corresponding to the coil brush is directly connected to the single-phase AC power supply. When the rotational speed of the synchronous motor powered by the AC power source is reached, the commutator is thrust in the shaft direction to separate from each brush in sliding contact, the brushes are supported by each stopper, and the coil brushes are short-circuited to the single-phase AC power source. The present invention provides a single-phase AC synchronous motor characterized by the following features. Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cutaway cross-sectional view of a four-pole single-phase AC motor, and 10 is a four-pole permanent magnet rotor divided into circular arcs, which is installed by a cup 12 so as to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft 14. ing.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a four-pole fixed armature, which is fixed to the bearing 18 of the rotating shaft 14 with a bolt 19.
and the rotor 10.

20 is a commutator, sliders 20a, 20b
are provided in the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 14 at intervals of 180° circumferentially, are loosely fitted to the rotating shaft 14 so as to be able to move forward and backward only in the axial direction, and are urged to the left by a spring 22. .

Reference numeral 24 denotes a weight, which is housed inside the case 26 and whose inner end engages with a communication part 28 extending from the sliders 20a, 20b toward the case 26.
It is rotatably provided with the right end L-shaped portion 30 as a rotation axis.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a brush, which is in sliding contact with the slider during startup. The insulating slits of the sliders 20a, 20b are made wider than the brush 32 to prevent the brush 32 from shooting across both sliders.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the rotational speed of the rotor 10 has reached nearly synchronous rotation and the weight 24 has opened outward due to centrifugal force.

The weight 24 is set to open outward at a predetermined number of rotations, and when the weight 24 is about to open, the inner end of the weight 24 moves along the right-hand end L-shaped portion 30 of the communication portion 28. As it rotates, the commutator 20 moves from contacting a vertical wall in the case 26 to contacting a horizontal wall, and as a result, the commutator 20 resists the pressure of the spring 22 through the communication portion 28 to It is pulled toward the child 16 side (right side). When the commutator 20 thrusts in the axial direction, the slider 20
The brush 32, which was in sliding contact with a and 20b, remains in the same position and faces the stepped portion 42 of the commutator 20 without contacting it.

FIG. 3 is a circuit explanatory diagram, in which the coil 16a of the fixed armature 16,
A pair of coil brushes 3 connected to the terminals 16b
2a1, 32a2, and a pair of power supply brushes connected to the single-phase AC power supply 46 via the full-wave rectifier circuit 44 are arranged clockwise as 32a1, 32b1, 32a.
2 and 32b2 are displaced by 90 degrees in order and are alternately in sliding contact.

The fixed armature 16 consists of four poles, and on one straight core, half of the coils 16a and 16b are wound normally.
The remaining half is wound in a reverse winding manner, and auxiliary cores 48a and 48b are connected to one linear core and the other linear core orthogonal thereto, respectively, in a direction opposite to the rotational direction of the rotor 10. It extends along a circular arc of 10 to avoid a dead point during startup.

50a1 and 50a2 are stoppers for the coil brushes 32a1 and 32a2, respectively, and are in direct communication with the single-phase AC power source 46. 50b1 and 50b2 are stoppers for the power supply brushes 32b1 and 32b2, respectively.

These stops 50 support the brushes 32 when the commutator 20 is thrust toward the stationary armature 10.

With this structure, when the coils 16a and 16b are energized at this position, the rotor 10 starts rotating in the direction of the arrow, and the rotor 10
As the commutator 20 rotates, the commutator 20 also rotates in the direction of the arrow, and when the rotor 10 rotates 90 degrees, the power supply brush 32b1, which was in sliding contact with the slider 20b of the commutator 20, comes into sliding contact with the slider 20a, and the rotor 10 rotates by 90 degrees. Moko 2
The power supply brush 32b2, which had been in sliding contact with the slider 20b, is now in sliding contact with the slider 20b, and the coil brushes 32a1, 3
Since the sliders 2a2 are in sliding contact with each other do not change, the direction of the current flowing through the coils 16a and 16b is reversed, and when the commutator 20 is further rotated by 90 degrees, the power brushes 32b1 and 32b are
The sliding contact of No. 2 remains unchanged, and the coil brushes 32a1 and 3
Since the sliding contact of 2a2 changes, the coils 16a and 16b
The direction of the current flowing through is further reversed. In this way, as the rotor 10 rotates through 90 degrees, the direction of the current flowing through the coils 16a, 16b of the fixed armature 10 is reversed, and the rotor 10 is urged to rotate. In this case, since the rectified current supplied to the coils 16a and 16b is a full-wave rectified current, the rotation speed reaches the synchronous rotation speed in an extremely short time.

When the rotation speed reaches the point where synchronous rotation is possible, the weight 2
4 opens, the commutator 20 is pulled in and each brush 32a1, 32b1, 32a2, 32b
2, each stopper 50a1,
50b1, 50a2, 50b2, and the coil brushes 32a1, 32a2 are connected to the single-phase AC power supply 4.
6 and is driven as a synchronous motor.

As described above, according to the present invention, the motor starts up and reaches synchronous rotation in an extremely short time, and as a synchronous motor, the contact load on the commutator 20 is removed and the motor is operated with no load. This has remarkable effects such as being able to obtain an electric motor with extremely high power consumption efficiency without waste of energy.

Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a cutaway cross-sectional view of a four-pole, single-phase AC synchronous motor with an outer rotor, and Fig. 2 shows a state in which the rotor rotation speed has reached near synchronous rotation and the commutator is thrust. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing the state, and is an explanatory circuit diagram at the time of startup. 10... Permanent magnet rotor, 12... Cup, 1
4... Rotating shaft, 16... Fixed armature, 16a, 1
6b... Coil, 18... Bearing, 19... Bolt, 20... Commutator, 20a, 20b...
Slider, 22... Spring, 24... Weight, 2
6...Case, 28...Communication section, 30...Right end L
Character part, 32... Brush, 42... Step part, 44...
...Full-wave rectifier circuit, 46...Single-phase AC power supply, 48
a, 48b...auxiliary core, 50...stopper.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A four-pole permanent magnet rotor is provided on the outside of the corresponding fixed armature, and a commutator that rotates integrally is provided on the shaft of the rotor, and this commutator is divided into 180° sections in the circumferential angle. These sliders include a pair of coil brushes that connect to the coil terminals of the fixed armature, and a pair of power supply brushes that connect to the single-phase AC power supply through a full-wave rectifier circuit. The brushes are displaced by 90 degrees in the circumferential direction and alternately make sliding contact, and each brush is provided with a stopper at a slight interval, and among these stoppers, the stopper corresponding to the coil brush is directly connected to the single-phase AC The commutator is connected to the power source, and when the rotational speed of the rotor reaches the rotational speed of a synchronous motor powered by a single-phase AC power source, the commutator is thrust in the shaft direction to separate from each brush that is in sliding contact, and the brushes are supported by each stopper. A single-phase AC synchronous motor, characterized in that it is provided with a disconnection means for short-circuiting a coil brush to a single-phase AC power supply.