JPS645132B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a topsoil preparation machine, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a topsoil preparation machine, and more specifically, it can be used in combination with a specialized soil scraping machine such as a tractor shovel or a backhoe to remove gravel from deep layers or from steep slopes. This invention relates to a topsoil preparation machine that can perform topsoil preparation.

Agricultural land preparation technology has made remarkable progress along with the mechanization of construction, making it possible to create high-quality fields.

However, in recent years, development sites are often steeply sloped, folded, etc., and areas with poor site conditions, such as gravel areas and wetlands, are increasing.

Even in such areas, in order to enable the input of various agricultural machinery and the cultivation of high-yield crops such as root vegetables, it is necessary to remove stones, gravel, tree roots, etc. that are mixed in at a depth of about 50 to 100 cm underground. There is a need to remove the topsoil and create high-quality topsoil to the required thickness.

The inventor has already developed a topsoil preparation machine (registered as a utility model) that is configured to scrape up soil and stones by installing a blade plate on the front of a traveling body that is towed by a bulldozer or tractor, and transport this soil and stone onto a vibrating screen using a conveyor. Patent Application No. 77388 of 1972), a topsoil preparation machine with easy maneuverability that uses an automatic traveling body equipped with a vibrating sieve and a bucket to scrape off soil and stone and transport it onto the vibrating sieve (Patent Application No. 35460 of 1978) No.), an automatically traveling topsoil preparation machine with a blade plate and a bucket conveyor, which is configured so that the soil and stone scraped by the blade plate is transported onto a vibrating sieve by the bucket conveyor (patent application filed in 1977). No. 54708) was developed and put into practical use.

However, all of the above-mentioned topsoil preparation machines can only remove gravel on the ground surface or to a depth of about 10 cm from the ground surface, and moreover, they often fail due to excavation resistance when raking up soil and stones. Furthermore, there is a limit to the angle at which the sieve surface of the vibrating sieve can be used, making it impossible to use it on steep slopes.

The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned difficulties, and its purpose is to provide an appropriate dirt and stone scraping machine that separates the dirt and stone scraping unit from the sorting unit to enable gravel removal in deep areas and topsoil creation on steep slopes, etc. A hopper is arranged on a vehicle towed by a vehicle to which the dirt and stones are thrown by the dirt scraper, and a hopper is arranged on the chassis following the hopper to classify the thrown dirt and stones. It consists of a vibrating sieve for sorting, a jacking mechanism for adjusting the angle of inclination of the vibrating sieve, and a conveyor for conveying the stones, etc. discharged from the vibrating sieve, and is located at a distance from the stone scraping machine. To provide a topsoil preparation machine which is characterized in that it can be freely separated from a soil and stone scraper for sorting soil and stones.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a topsoil preparation machine according to the present invention, which is roughly divided into a hopper 12 for charging soil and stones, and a vibrating sieve 1.
4. The hopper 12, the vibrating sieve 14, and the conveyor 16 are arranged in this order on a chassis 18. Chassis 18
front wheels 20a, 20b (20b is invisible) and rear wheels 22a, 22b (22b is invisible) are disposed, and a connector 24 is disposed at the tip,
It is connected to the rear end of a dirt and rock scraper (not shown) such as a tractor shovel via this connector 24 so that it can be towed and moved. Note that the above wheels may have a track structure.

The hopper 12 is fixedly mounted on the chassis 18 by fixing rods 26 and 28 at approximately the front half of the chassis 18. A transport surface 30 for transporting dirt, stones, etc. in the hopper 12 descends toward the rear, and a vibrator 32 is fixed to the lower surface of the transport surface 30, and the vibration of this vibrator 32 causes the dirt, etc. to move smoothly on the transport surface 30. slipping down.

Next, the vibrating screen 14 is mounted so as to be movable up and down on a plurality of coil springs 34 fixed on the chassis 18, so that the surface of the mesh screen 36 is approximately horizontal. , is positioned so that the tip of the sieve 36 surface is below the conveying surface 30. The vibrating sieve 14 is mounted on the coil spring 3 so that the sieve 36 is in a substantially horizontal position even when the vehicle chassis 18 is tilted on a steep slope.
4 relative to the chassis 18 can be adjusted by a suitable jacking mechanism (not shown) or the like. Further, the sieve 36 is detachably attached so that a desired mesh can be used.

Reference numeral 38 denotes a known vibrator, which is driven by a drive motor 40 to sieve the vibrating screen 14 through the sieve 36.
The soil and stones carried into the vibrating sieve 14 are sieved by a linear vibration of about 15 degrees to the surface, and the high-quality topsoil falls to the ground below, and the boulders and tree roots remaining on the sieve 36 are used as inertia force. Then, it is conveyed to the rear of the sieve 36 and dropped onto the conveyor 16.
The conveyor 16 is configured as a belt conveyor or the like, and is disposed rearward from the rear end of the chassis 18 and is driven by a motor 42.
driven by. Note that 44 is a generator with an engine, which supplies electric power to the vibrator 32, the drive motor 40 of the exciter 38, the drive motor 42 of the conveyor 16, and the like.

The present invention is configured as described above.

Next, the operating sequence of the topsoil reclamation machine according to the present invention will be explained: 1. The topsoil reclamation machine 10 is connected to and towed by a dirt and stone scraper such as a tractor shovel or a backhoe, and moves with the soil and rock scraper at a predetermined position. is separated.

2 Start the engine of the generator 44 and start the motors of each part (vibrator 32 motor, drive motor 40,
Activate the motor 42).

3. Excavate the topsoil around the topsoil preparation machine 10 to a desired depth using the soil and stone scraper, scoop up the soil, and throw it into the hopper 12. Note that the sieve 36 is selected in advance to select a desired mesh and is attached to the sieve 36.

4 The thrown soil and stone slides down on the conveying surface 30 of the hopper 12 due to the vibration of the vibrator 32 and is carried onto the sieve 36 surface of the vibrating sieve 14.

5. Good quality soil is sorted by a vibrating sieve 14 and deposited under the sieve, and stones, gravel, tree roots, etc. are discharged by a conveyor 16.

6 When a predetermined amount of high-quality soil has been deposited under the sieve, the topsoil preparation machine 10 is again connected to the dirt and stone scraping machine, and it is towed and moved to the surrounding area.The above operation is repeated to sort out the soil and stones in the predetermined area, and then The work is completed by leveling the high-quality soil that has been deposited on the ground using a gravel scraper.

In addition, as stones and gravel, tree roots, etc. are discharged, if the developed land is ultimately lower than the surrounding land and drainage becomes difficult, discharge from the conveyor 16 to the lowest layer of the depression excavated by the gravel scraper. This problem is solved by laying stones, etc. that are to be removed, placing the topsoil preparation machine 10 on top of it, performing separation work, and moving the stones in sequence to bury the stones, etc. in the lowest layer of the topsoil. .

In addition, when installing the topsoil preparation machine 10 on a steep slope, the jacking mechanism (not shown) must be adjusted so that the screen 36 surface of the vibrating screen 14 is almost horizontal, or the ground must be leveled in advance with a rock scraper. It is recommended that the topsoil preparation machine 10 be placed in place after that.

In addition, although the vibration sieve 14 was explained as a horizontal type,
Needless to say, it is not limited to the horizontal type, and an inclined type can also be used.

As described above, according to the topsoil preparation machine according to the present invention, by making the soil and stone raking part and the soil and stone sorting part freely separable, it is possible to improve steep slopes and wetlands, which conventionally depended heavily on human labor. Even under such adverse conditions, all that is required is a soil scraper such as a tractor shovel or backhoe, and the soil can be created with simple operation and extremely efficiently.

In addition, since the excavation and raking of soil and stones is carried out using a specialized machine, it is possible to easily remove gravel to the desired depth regardless of conditions such as the soil quality, moisture level, and degree of gravel at the site. Gravel, etc. can be buried in the bottom layer, and high-quality topsoil can be created on top of it to the desired thickness, eliminating the need to bring in topsoil from elsewhere. In addition, cultivated land
In addition to being able to remove stones and debris from uncultivated land,
By turning the topsoil upside down, the soil fertility of agricultural land can be restored.

By using the specified sieve, it is possible to create high-quality topsoil with a low percentage of debris, and it has great effects such as being able to be used in various agricultural machinery and to convert to crops with high yields.

Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a side view of a topsoil preparation machine according to the present invention. 10... Topsoil preparation machine, 12... Hopper for charging soil and stones, etc., 14... Vibrating sieve, 16... Discharging conveyor, 18... Vehicle chassis, 20a, 20b... Front wheels (20b is invisible), 22a, 22b ...Rear wheel (2
2b is invisible), 24...connector, 26, 28...
... Fixed rod, 30 ... Conveyance surface, 32 ... Vibrator, 34 ... Coil spring, 36 ... Sieve, 3
8... Exciter, 40... Drive motor, 42... Motor, 44... Generator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hopper which is disposed on a vehicle towed by a suitable dirt and stone scraper and into which dirt and stones are thrown by the dirt and stone scraper, and a hopper which is disposed on the vehicle chassis following the hopper. It consists of a vibrating sieve for sorting and sorting the thrown soil and stones, a jacking mechanism for adjusting the inclination angle of the vibrating sieve, and a conveyor for conveying the stones, etc. discharged from the vibrating sieve. A topsoil preparation machine characterized by being able to be freely separated from a dirt and stone scraping machine in order to perform soil and stone sorting at a location separate from the machine.