JPS645167B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a hydraulic pressure control system for a hydraulic clutch. For example, for propulsion of a ship, etc., the output of an internal combustion engine is transmitted to a screw through a forward clutch, a reverse clutch, and a forward/reverse reduction gear train connected to these, thereby driving the screw. To operate these hydraulic clutches,
A hydraulic pump driven by this internal combustion engine generates high-pressure clutch hydraulic oil, and after regulating the high-pressure clutch hydraulic oil to a certain level,
It is sent to either the forward or reverse hydraulic clutch via the forward/reverse switching valve, and in parallel, pressure oil regulated to another level is supplied as lubricant to the hydraulic clutch and other lubrication systems. things are being done. However, in such a drive system,
Internal combustion engines have large torque fluctuations at low speeds, causing fluctuations in rotational speed, which affect the power transmission system after the hydraulic clutch (e.g. gear train, joints, screw shaft, etc.).
(e.g.) resonates with the inertial mass of the
It is known that noise, a so-called rattling sound, is generated when the meshing tooth surfaces of gears and the like hit each other. Various means have already been proposed for controlling the generation of such rattling sounds, but all of them have the drawbacks of requiring complicated structures or being unable to provide satisfactory effects. The present invention provides a system for extracting the output of an internal combustion engine to the outside via a hydraulic clutch and a gear train, in which the meshing tooth surfaces of the gears are adjusted based on large torque fluctuations during low-speed rotation of the internal combustion engine. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control device for the hydraulic pressure of a hydraulic clutch that is simple in structure and reliable in suppressing generated noise. In the present invention, in order to achieve this objective, the output of the internal combustion engine is taken out to the outside via a hydraulic clutch and a gear train connected to the hydraulic clutch, and a hydraulic pump driven by the internal combustion engine is used. The pressure oil supplied from the clutch is regulated to a certain level by the clutch operating pressure regulating valve and is supplied as clutch operating pressure oil to the hydraulic clutch via the clutch operating pressure oil passage, and the pressure oil flowing out from the clutch operating pressure regulating valve is In a device in which the pressure is regulated to another level by a lubricating oil pressure regulating valve and supplied as clutch lubricating pressure oil to the hydraulic clutch and other lubrication systems via a lubricating oil line, the clutch operating pressure oil line A small-diameter throttle connected in parallel with the clutch operating oil pressure regulating valve and a check valve that opens and closes depending on the clutch operating oil pressure are connected between the lubricating pressure oil passage and the clutch operating oil pressure regulating valve, and an oil passage connected in series with these. A temperature regulating valve that controls the amount of drain depending on the temperature and a large-diameter throttle are interconnected, and the clutch is connected to fluctuations in the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump due to changes in the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and in relation to the above-mentioned throttle. The check valve controls the hydraulic pressure, and when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine is high, the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump is large, and the hydraulic pressure of the clutch hydraulic oil is high, the check valve closes the outflow path of the clutch hydraulic oil. It flows out to the temperature control valve through only a small diameter restriction, but when the rotation speed is low and the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump is small, and the clutch operating oil pressure is low,
The outflow passage is opened to supply the clutch working pressure oil directly to the temperature regulating valve, and when the temperature of the clutch working pressure oil is high, the temperature regulating valve mainly supplies the clutch working pressure oil through a large-diameter throttle. However, when the oil temperature is low, a portion of the clutch operating pressure oil is returned to the oil sump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 of the accompanying drawings showing embodiments of the apparatus. First, in Fig. 1, the relationship between the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine and the clutch working pressure given by the hydraulic pump driven by the internal combustion engine is plotted on the vertical axis. cm ² ), and the rotational speed N (RPM) of the internal combustion engine is plotted on the horizontal axis. The clutch operating oil pressure, which is indicated by the solid line T in the figure, is indicated by the broken line A in the figure. There is sufficient margin in the low speed rotation range of the internal combustion engine, indicated by L in the figure, compared to the minimum operating pressure of the hydraulic clutch required to transmit the torque generated by the internal combustion engine, indicated by . Therefore, it is not possible to cut out the torque peak of the torque fluctuation that occurs in this low speed rotation range L, and for this reason, it is necessary to prevent the impact noise that occurs on the meshing tooth surfaces of the gears in the power transmission system after the hydraulic clutch. It is something that cannot be done. Therefore, in the present invention, the vertical and horizontal axes are respectively plotted with clutch operating oil pressure P, as in FIG.
(Kg/cm ² ) and the rotational speed N (RPM) of the internal combustion engine.
As shown by T ₀ , the clutch operating oil pressure in the low speed rotation range L of the internal combustion engine is brought close to the minimum oil pressure A required to transmit the torque generated by the internal combustion engine, so that the transmission torque of the hydraulic clutch is reduced to the minimum required level. By reducing the torque, the peak torque generated due to torque fluctuations of the internal combustion engine is cut off, thereby preventing impact noise from occurring on the meshing tooth surfaces of the gears. Note that as the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine increases, there is no noticeable torque fluctuation, so there is no need to lower the clutch operating oil pressure.In addition, in the high speed range shown by H in Fig. 2, the clutch operating oil pressure T ₀
By keeping the value sufficiently high, sufficient transmitted torque can be obtained. As mentioned above, the principle of the device of the present invention is that the clutch operating oil pressure T ₀ in the low speed rotation range L of the internal combustion engine is
The goal is to lower the oil pressure to around the minimum oil pressure A required to transmit the torque generated by the internal combustion engine (see Figure 2).Next, we will develop a control circuit for the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic clutch that is necessary to achieve this. An example will be explained with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows a hydraulic pressure control circuit for a typical marine reversing speed reducer in which a control circuit for the hydraulic pressure of a hydraulic clutch embodying the present invention is incorporated.
As shown in the figure, the output of the internal combustion engine E is transmitted from a forward hydraulic clutch F, a reverse hydraulic clutch R, and a gear train G to a screw S via a joint C.
Clutch operating pressure oil is supplied to these hydraulic clutches F and R via a forward/reverse switching valve 1. This clutch working pressure oil is pumped out from an oil sump 3 by a hydraulic pump 2 driven by the output of the same internal combustion engine E, and passes through a cooler 4 to a clutch working pressure oil passage 5. This clutch operating pressure oil passage 5 is connected to a branch oil passage 8 connected to a clutch operating oil pressure regulating valve 6, which maintains the clutch operating oil pressure. In addition, the pressure oil flowing out from the clutch operating hydraulic pressure regulating valve 6 is regulated by the lubricating hydraulic pressure regulating valve 7, and is used to supply lubricating pressure oil to the forward hydraulic clutch F and the reverse hydraulic clutch R to the clutch and other lubrication systems. The clutch lubricating pressure is supplied to the oil passage 9 to maintain the lubricating oil pressure. Further, a branch oil passage from the forward/reverse switching valve 1 is connected to the oil pressure regulating valve 6 via a pressure increasing circuit 10, thereby slowing the increase in the clutch operating oil pressure when the clutch is switched. The above-mentioned hydraulic circuit is common in the conventional hydraulic circuit for this type of clutch operating pressure oil, so a detailed explanation thereof will be omitted. In the present invention, in such a hydraulic circuit, a check valve 20 is provided in parallel with the clutch operating pressure regulating valve 6 between the clutch operating pressure oil passage 5 and the clutch lubrication pressure oil passage 9 as follows. , a temperature control valve 21, etc. are connected. That is, a small-diameter throttle 22 for maintaining the clutch working pressure high in the high-speed rotation range of the internal combustion engine E, a check valve 20 for lowering the clutch working pressure to the minimum required oil pressure in the low-speed rotation range, and a check valve 20 for controlling the temperature of the clutch working pressure oil. Temperature adjustment valve 21 and large diameter throttle 23 to eliminate changes in clutch oil pressure due to influence
are interconnected by oil passages 30 to 36 as shown in FIG. With this configuration, the pressure of the clutch operating pressure oil sent out from the hydraulic pump 2 is regulated by the clutch operating pressure regulating valve 6, and the clutch operating pressure oil is passed through the clutch operating pressure oil passage 5 to the forward/reverse switching valve. However, in the low speed rotation range of the internal combustion engine E, a portion of the clutch operating pressure oil passes through the check valve 20 and the small-diameter throttle 22, and further passes through the temperature adjustment valve 21.
The oil passes through the large-diameter throttle 23 and is returned to the clutch lubricating pressure oil passage 9 to lower the clutch operating oil pressure. By returning the clutch pressure oil to the oil sump ₃₁ via the temperature control valve 21, an increase in oil pressure is reliably prevented.On the other hand, in the high speed rotation range of the internal combustion engine The lubricating pressure oil is returned to the lubricating pressure oil passage 9 through only the small-diameter throttle 22 and further through the temperature regulating valve 21 and the large-diameter throttle 23, and the clutch operating pressure is controlled by the clutch operating pressure regulating valve 6. To be able to maintain high pressure. Here, the structure and operation of each valve 20, 21 will be explained in detail based on examples thereof. (1) Check Valve 20 The check valve 20 has a piston 20 ₂ movably housed in the inner hole of a cylindrical valve body 20 ₁ , as shown schematically in FIG. An outer circumferential groove 20 ₃ is provided on the circumferential surface of the piston 20 ₂ , and a spring 20 ₄ is arranged in the valve body 20 ₁ to press the piston 20 ₂ against the bottom of the valve body 20 ₁ . In addition, in this state, the valve body ₂₀₁ has oil passages 31 and 32 _, 3 on the bottom and circumferential surface of the inner hole that communicate with the bottom surface and outer circumferential groove ₂₀₃ of the piston 202.
3 are open, respectively. The check valve 20 has such a configuration, but when the internal combustion engine E rotates at low speed, the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump is low, and the discharge capacity of the hydraulic pump decreases. Since the pressure oil flows out into the lubricating pressure oil passage 9, the clutch operating oil pressure is low, so the spring force of the spring ₂₀₄ applied to the piston ₂₀₂ is applied to the bottom of the piston ₂₀₂ via the oil passage 31, resulting in clutch operation. Since the force is greater than the force due to pressure oil, the piston 20 ₂
contacts the bottom of the inner hole of the valve body 20 ₁ , and the clutch operating pressure oil flows from the oil passage 32 to the piston 20 ₂
The oil flows from the oil passage 31 to the oil passage 33 through the outer circumferential groove 20 ₃ and from the oil passage 31 through the small diameter orifice 22.
The oil flows in parallel to the temperature regulating valve 21, and further flows through the valve 21 and the throttle 23 to the clutch lubricating pressure oil passage 9, thus making it possible to lower the clutch operating oil pressure. On the other hand, when the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine E increases and the rotational speed of the hydraulic pump also increases and the discharge amount from the hydraulic pump increases, the clutch operating oil pressure gradually increases, and the oil passage 31 is formed at the bottom of the piston ₂₀₂ . The hydraulic pressure of the clutch hydraulic oil acting _through
02 is moved into the inner hole of _the valve body ₂₀₁ to the _position shown in FIG. The operating pressure oil is sent to the temperature control valve 21. In this way,
The amount of clutch working pressure oil flowing into the temperature regulating valve 21 suddenly decreases, and therefore the clutch working pressure rises rapidly, so that sufficient torque can be transmitted in the high speed rotation range of the internal combustion engine E. do. (2) Temperature Adjustment Valve 21 As shown schematically in FIG. 6, the temperature adjustment valve 21 has a piston 21 ₂ movably housed in a cylindrical inner hole of a valve body 21 ₁ . However, this piston 21 ₂ has one end as
It is pressed by a spring 21 ₃ disposed between it and one end of the inner hole of the valve body 21 ₁ , and the other end has an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the piston 21 ₂ of the valve body 21 ₁ . Inner hole 21 with ₄
It is arranged to come into contact with one end surface of a disc-shaped bimetal ₂₁₅ that is deformed in the axial direction depending on the temperature contained therein. In addition, this bimetal 21
₅ is an adjustment screw 21 screwed into the valve body 21 _1
6 to be pressed. In addition, the piston 21 ₂ and the bimetal 21 ₅ include
An oil passage 21 ₇ is opened through the center in the longitudinal direction so that the bimetal comes into contact with the pressure oil and is kept at _the same temperature as the oil temperature. Oil groove 2 formed at the end of 21 ₆ that contacts the bimetal 21 ₅
1 ₈ and communicates with _{the inner hole 21 4 of the} valve body 21 _{1 .}
It communicates with the throttle 23 through an oil passage ₂₁₉ formed in the. Furthermore, in the valve body 21 ₁ ,
An oil passage 34 from the check valve 20 is opened in the inner hole in which the spring 21 ₃ is disposed, and an oil passage 35 to the oil sump 3 ₁ is opened. ₂ spring 2
Opening/closing port 24 between 1 ₃ side end 21 ₁₀
It is designed to form a Note that the throttle of the opening/closing port 24 is adjusted by turning the adjusting screw 21 ₆ and moving the piston 21 ₂ via the bimetal 21 ₅ . The temperature adjustment valve 21 has such a configuration, but when the temperature of the clutch hydraulic oil changes,
The bimetal ₂₁₅ is deformed, and this deformation moves the piston ₂₁₂ to open and close the opening/closing port 24 and adjust the outflow amount of the clutch operating pressure oil. In other words, when the clutch operating pressure oil is at a high temperature, the bimetal ₂₁₅
1 ₂ in the direction of closing the port 24 against the force of the spring 21 ₃ , and the clutch operating pressure oil is mainly transferred to the oil passage 21 ₇ bored in the piston 21 ₂ and the bimetal 21 ₅ , the inner hole 21 ₄ , and the oil. Road 21 ₉
The oil flows through the large-diameter throttle 23 to the oil passage 36, thereby preventing the clutch operating oil pressure from decreasing below the minimum pressure necessary for torque transmission. Conversely, when the clutch hydraulic oil is at a low temperature,
Bimetal 21 ₅ has piston 21 ₂ as spring 21
The force of ₅ moves the port 24 to open, and the amount of oil that cannot be flowed out only by the large diameter throttle 23 is returned from the port 24 to the oil sump 31 via the oil path ₃₅ , and the clutch is activated. Try to prevent oil pressure from rising. In this way, the temperature regulating valve 21 and the large-diameter throttle 23 are provided in series in the internal combustion engine E.
In the low speed rotation range, if the clutch operating oil pressure required for torque transmission is higher than the minimum required oil pressure, the peak torque cannot be cut.
Therefore, it is not possible to eliminate the impact noise generated from the meshing tooth surfaces of the gears, and if the oil pressure is low compared to the minimum required oil pressure, clutch slip may occur, making it impossible to transmit the necessary torque. 2
3 alone, it is not possible to prevent the oil pressure from changing due to the temperature of the clutch operating pressure oil. Therefore, in order to compensate for the temperature of this clutch operating pressure oil, a large diameter orifice is installed. 23 and a temperature adjustment valve 21 is used together with the temperature control valve 21. As a result of experiments, it was found that it was impossible to reduce the clutch operating oil pressure in the low-speed rotation range of the internal combustion engine E by using only the check valve 20 and the large-diameter throttle 23 when the engine temperature was low. It has been confirmed that the oil pressure of the clutch hydraulic oil can be reduced independently of its temperature only by using the temperature regulating valve 21 in combination. As described above, according to the present invention, in a device configured to extract the output of an internal combustion engine to the outside via a hydraulic clutch and a gear train connected to the hydraulic clutch, the The noise generated when the meshing tooth surfaces of the gear train hit each other, the so-called rattling noise, can be effectively suppressed regardless of the temperature of the clutch operating pressure oil, and this type of conventional device This problem can be reliably solved with a simple configuration.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a typical relationship between the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, the clutch operating oil pressure, and the minimum clutch operating oil pressure necessary for the hydraulic clutch to transmit the torque generated by the internal combustion engine; FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the clutch operating oil pressure and the required minimum oil pressure in the case of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a hydraulic circuit in a device which is adapted to take out the oil to the outside via a gear train connected thereto. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the check valve shown in FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram similarly shown in a state where the clutch operating oil pressure is high, and FIG.
4 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the temperature regulating valve shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 1... Forward/forward switching valve; 2... Hydraulic pump; 3,
3 ₁ ... Oil sump; 6... Clutch operation hydraulic pressure regulating valve; 7... Lubrication hydraulic pressure regulating valve; 20... Check valve; 21... Temperature regulating valve; 22, 23... Throttle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The output of the internal combustion engine is taken out to the outside via a hydraulic clutch and a gear train connected to the hydraulic clutch, and the output is supplied from a hydraulic pump driven by the internal combustion engine. Pressure oil is regulated by a clutch operating pressure regulating valve and supplied as clutch operating oil to a hydraulic clutch via a clutch operating pressure oil passage;
The pressure oil discharged from the clutch operating pressure regulating valve is then regulated by a lubrication hydraulic pressure regulating valve and supplied to the clutch and other lubrication systems via a lubrication pressure oil line. Between the oil passage and the clutch lubrication pressure oil passage, a small diameter throttle and check valve is connected in parallel with the clutch operating oil pressure regulating valve, and a temperature regulating valve and a large diameter throttle are connected in series to these. Therefore, when the clutch operating pressure is high under high-speed rotation of the internal combustion engine, the check valve blocks the flow path of the clutch operating pressure oil and flows out to the temperature regulating valve only through a small diameter restriction. When the clutch operating pressure is low under low speed rotation, the check valve passage is opened and the clutch operating pressure oil flows out to the temperature adjustment valve, and when the clutch operating pressure oil temperature is high, the temperature adjustment valve is closed. , the leaked clutch operating pressure oil is mainly flowed into the clutch lubrication pressure oil passage through a large-diameter restrictor, but when the oil temperature is low, a portion of the clutch operating pressure oil is returned to the oil sump. Hydraulic clutch operating hydraulic control device. 2. The check valve has a valve body having a cylindrical inner hole, a piston that is movably housed in the inner hole and has an outer circumferential groove formed around it;
It consists of a spring placed inside the valve body so as to constantly press the piston against the bottom of the inner hole of the valve body, and an oil passage in the valve body for applying clutch operating hydraulic pressure to the bottom of the piston. 2. The hydraulic pressure control device for a hydraulic clutch according to claim 1, wherein the piston is provided with an oil passage communicating with the outer circumferential groove of the valve body in a state where the piston is pressed against the bottom of the inner hole of the valve body. 3. A temperature regulating valve includes a valve body having a cylindrical inner hole, a piston movably housed within the inner hole, and one end of the valve body and one end of the piston located within the inner hole of the valve body. a spring disposed between the inner hole of the valve body, a disk-shaped bimetal disposed so as to be able to slide within the inner hole of the valve body and with one end surface contacting the other end of the piston; An adjustment screw is screwed in at the other end so as to contact the other end surface of the bimetal, and an oil passage is provided through the piston and the bimetal in the longitudinal direction, and the valve body is provided with an oil passage extending longitudinally through the center of the piston and the bimetal. An oil passage for clutch operating pressure oil from the check valve is provided so as to communicate with the inner hole in which the spring is disposed between one end of the inner hole and one end of the piston, and within the inner hole, Another oil passage is provided so that one end communicates with the inner hole and the other end communicates with the oil sump so as to form a port that can be opened and closed between the piston and one end of the piston, and a valve. An oil passage is provided in the main body so as to communicate with the inner hole of the bimetal adjusting screw on the side that contacts it, and this oil passage communicates with the clutch lubricating oil oil passage, and a large diameter orifice is installed in the oil passage. An operating hydraulic pressure control device for a hydraulic clutch according to claim 1, wherein: