JPS647194B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to nuclear shelters.

Conventional nuclear shelters are constructed as a single shelter case, and can be directly introduced even if the air above the ground contains radioactivity, is hot, contains poisonous gas, or emits a foul odor. .

The present invention safely and harmlessly cools the ground air and introduces it into the shelter case even if the ground air contains radioactivity, high temperature, poisonous gas, or has a bad odor during an emergency. I can,
Another object of the present invention is to provide a nuclear shelter that is safe because even if the vicinity is exposed to a blast wave, the blast wave does not enter the inside of the shelter case.

The nuclear shelter of the present invention is characterized by:
A shelter case is provided with a toilet having a basin and is buried underground, and a valve is installed to communicate between the interior of the shelter case and the ground when it is buried, and the valve is opened in an emergency to drain air from above ground. A pipe introduced into the shelter case, a first filter installed near the upper end of the pipe for introducing air in an emergency and capable of blocking radioactive dust and blast waves that try to enter from the ground end of the pipe, and triethyl diamine. It has a three-layer structure of activated carbon and white bark, and is installed downstream of the first filter of the pipe that introduces air in the event of an emergency, and absorbs radioactive dust, poisonous gas, and bad odors that pass through the first filter. a second filter that can be closed; an air cooler provided between the first filter and the second filter of the pipe for introducing air in an emergency; A pipe that is provided to communicate with the ground and has a valve that is closed in an emergency, and the valve is opened during normal times to introduce air from the ground into the shelter case, and a pipe that communicates the basin of the toilet with the ground;
It consists of an air exhaust fan installed in a pipe that communicates the reservoir with the ground.

More preferably, it is desirable to provide a nuclear shelter that can take in fresh outside air while expelling bad odor from the toilet to the outside without flowing into the room during normal times and emergencies.

For this reason, it is desirable that the lower end of the pipe for discharging the air in the shelter case to the ground is connected to the inside of the toilet basin, and that the pipe is equipped with an air discharging fan or pump.

Embodiments of the nuclear shelter of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a plan view, FIG. 3 is a right side view, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken in FIG. 1.

The nuclear shelter of the present invention has a shelter case 1
A floorboard 2 is hung horizontally within the interior, and the underside of the floorboard 2 is used as an underfloor storage 3, and the upper side of the floorboard 2 is used as a living space.

The shelter case 1 has a shape in which a cylinder of a required diameter is placed horizontally with the cylindrical center on its side and both openings are closed with end plates, and the floor plate 2 serves as a reinforcing material.

The living space above the floorboard 2 is a room 8 that has kitchen equipment 5, a toilet 6, and a shelf 7, with curtains 4, etc.
The floor plan is divided into a room 10 having a bed 9 and a room 10 having a bed 9.

A basin 11 of the toilet 6 is provided in a cutout of the lower part of the shelter case 1.

The bed 9 is connected to the cylindrical wall 1 of the shelter case 1.
It is designed so that it can be folded so that it fits tightly on the a.

An entrance 13 is provided as a passageway for entering and exiting the shelter case 1 during normal times. The entrance/exit 13 is provided with a door 12 and is opened in the end plate 1b, and is provided in the ceiling part of the shelter case 1 on the opposite side from the entrance/exit 13 as a passageway for escaping from the shelter case 1 in an emergency when the door 12 is closed and cannot be opened. An emergency escape tube 14 is provided whose upper end communicates with the ground, and the emergency escape tube 14 has a door 15 and a door 1 at its upper and lower ends.
6, the door 15 is designed to open downward, and ramps 38 are provided on the end plate 1c of the shelter case 1 and the emergency escape tube 14 at a constant pitch.

Each door has a sturdy gear lock and is equipped with a gasket to ensure an airtight seal against the door frame.

The door 16 is coated on the outside with a fireproof material.

As a water supply means for supplying water to the air cooler 17 and the kitchen equipment 5, an air cooler 17 and a water supply means 18 are provided outside the shelter case 1, and the water supply means 1
8 consists of a water supply tank 19, a pipe 20 connecting the water supply tank 19 and the water pipe, and a pipe 21 connecting the water supply tank 19 and the air cooler 17.

As emergency air introduction means, a pipe 22 whose upper end is exposed above the ground and a pipe 23 communicating with the interior of the shelter case 1 are connected to the air cooler 17. That is, an air cooler 17 is attached to the pipes 22 and 23 that introduce ground air into the shelter case in an emergency.

A filter 4 is installed to trap dust contaminated with radioactivity in the pipe 22 and to block blast waves.
4, and the pipe 23 is equipped with a filter 24 and a valve 25 that opens in an emergency. In the filter 24, the center layer 24a is made of whitebait bark, the layers 24b on both sides are made of activated carbon, and the layers 24c on both sides are made of triethyldiamine.

As a normal air introduction means, a pipe 26 whose upper end is exposed above the ground is provided on the ceiling of the shelter case 1, and a valve 27 which is opened during normal times is provided at the lower end of the pipe 26.
It is equipped with

A pipe 28 whose upper end is exposed above the ground is connected to the upper part of the basin 11 of the toilet 6 as an air discharge pipe means for discharging the air inside the shelter case 1 to the ground during normal times and emergencies. An air evacuation fan or air evacuation pump 29 is provided in the portion located in the air.

A pipe 31 whose upper end is exposed above the ground and has a cap 30 is provided as a filth collecting means for collecting the filth in the basin 11 of the toilet 6 to the ground.

The upper ends of tubes 22, 28 and 31 are protected by sturdy fireproof enclosures 39, 40, 41.

A wastewater recovery tank 32 is provided outside the shelter case 1 as a wastewater recovery means for recovering wastewater used in the kitchen equipment 5.
2, the upper end faces the drainage ditch on the ground, and the switching valve 33 is installed halfway.
A pipe 35 having a drainage pump 34 is connected to the pipe 35, and a pipe 36 branching from the switching valve 33 is provided with a taper plate 37 at the lower end thereof which opens wide downward.

Although not particularly shown, the water supplied to the air cooler 17 is collected in a waste water recovery tank 32 or in a tank (not shown) that is separate from the water supply tank 19 and is used again in the kitchen equipment 5. There is.

Access into and out of the shelter case 1 is through a doorway 42 formed outside the door 12 and having a door 42 at the upper end.
I can do more. The entrance/exit 43 may have an appropriate structure such as a slope, a staircase, or a ramp, depending on the conditions and desires of the installation site.

Additionally, electric lights are provided and power is supplied from outside. Considering the case where power is not supplied in an emergency, it is recommended to store blankets and the like in the underfloor storage 3 in room 10, and to store food in the underfloor storage 3 in room 8. In addition, the underfloor storage 3 is assumed to contain a private power generation equipment or battery, an electric lamp, and a candle.

The shelter case 1 is entered and exited through the door 42 which is opened and the entrance 43 in both normal and emergency situations, and since the door 12 is located underground, there is no risk of exposure to blast waves in an emergency. Since the entrance and exit through the door 12 is horizontal and not directly vertically into the shelter case 1, there is no need to worry about women wearing skirts going in and out during normal times.

If the entrance/exit 43 is inside the building and it becomes impossible for people inside the shelter case 1 to escape through the entrance/exit 43 in an emergency, the ramp 3
8, open the door 15 downward, climb the emergency escape tube 14, open the door 16 outward, and escape to the outside of the building.

If the beds 9 are provided in two tiers on the left and right sides of the room 10 as shown in the figure, a large number of people can take a relaxing rest, and the beds 9 can also be provided so that they can be folded up so that they are in close contact with the wall. If the bed 9 is folded up when not sleeping, the bed 9 will not get in the way, and the room 10 will have enough space to enjoy entertainment.

The water supply tank 19 is supplied with tap water and stored therein, and this water is supplied to the kitchen equipment 5 and the air cooler 17. Water used in the kitchen equipment 5 flows into a wastewater recovery tank 32;
When more than a certain amount of water accumulates in the pipe 2, under normal conditions, the switching valve 33 is opened to the drainage pump 34 side by energization, and at the same time the pump 34 is driven, allowing the water to be drained through the pipe 35 into the gutter on the ground.

In addition, in an emergency, if there is a power outage, the switching valve 33
The tube 3 is operated by a self-returning spring built into the control unit.
Since it opens on the 6th side, it is guided by the rapping board 37 and penetrates underground.

The water supplied to the air cooler 17 serves as cooling water and becomes warm, so it cannot be collected into the water tank 19.
The waste water is collected little by little in the waste water collection tank 32 or in a tank (not shown) separate from the water supply tank 19 and used again in the kitchen equipment 5.

The filth in the basin 11 of the toilet 6 is transferred to the pipe 3 only during normal times.
It is collected through 1.

Next, the functions and effects of the above-described nuclear shelter of the present invention will be explained.

The air exhaust fan or air exhaust pump 29 is always driven during normal times and emergencies, the valve 27 is open during normal times, and the valve 25 is opened during emergencies.

Therefore, under normal conditions, outside air is taken into the shelter case 1 through the pipe 26, the air inside the shelter case 1 flows into the basin 11 of the toilet 6, and is discharged to the ground through the pipe 28, so that the inside of the shelter case 1 is It is not filled with bad odor.

In an emergency, outside air is introduced into the shelter case 1 through the pipes 22 and 23, and the air cooler 1
7, the air inside the shelter case 1 is prevented from increasing in temperature due to human heat.

Even if the air above the ground becomes contaminated with radioactive dust, becomes hot, contains poisonous gas, or emits a foul odor, the air above the ground is cooled safely and harmlessly. Even if the vicinity is exposed to a blast wave, the blast wave will not enter the shelter case, making it safe.

That is, the air cooler 17 allows ground air to be cooled and introduced into the shelter case, the filter 44 allows shielding from radioactive dust and blasts, and the filter 24 allows absorption of poisonous gas and bad odors. Therefore, harmless fresh cold air can be introduced from the ground into the shelter case 1, and safety is maintained.

In particular, the filter 24 has a layer 24a of Shiyuro's skin.
Since the filter 44 consists of activated carbon layers 24b and 24b and fibrous triethyldiamine layers 24c and 24c, it can be used even if the air from the ground passing through the filter 44 contains radioactive dust or poisonous gas or gives off a bad odor. However, the radioactive dust can strongly absorb poisonous gases and bad odors, and has the remarkable effect of making the air taken in from the ground harmless and odorless.

It should be noted that the inside of the shelter case 1 is not filled with bad odor, which is the same as in normal times.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show a nuclear shelter according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a front view, FIG. 2 is a plan view,
Figure 3 is a right side view, Figure 4 is the - in Figure 1.
FIG. 1...shelter case, 6...toilet, 11...
...Toilet 6 basin, 17, 22, 23, 25, 2
4,44...Emergency air introduction means (air cooler,
pipe, pipe, valve, filter, filter), 28,
29... Air evacuation means (pipe, air evacuation fan or air evacuation pump).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A shelter case that is equipped with a toilet with a basin and is buried underground, and a valve that is installed to communicate between the inside of the shelter case and the above ground when buried, and that valve can be opened in an emergency to drain the air above the ground. a tube for introducing air into the shelter case; a first filter that is installed near the upper end of the tube for introducing air in an emergency and can block out radioactive dust and blast waves that try to enter from the ground end of the tube; It has a three-layer structure of diamine, activated carbon, and white skin, and is installed downstream of the first filter of the pipe that introduces air in an emergency to prevent radioactive dust, poisonous gas, and bad odors that pass through the first filter. a second filter capable of absorbing and closing; an air cooler provided between the first filter and the second filter of the pipe for introducing air in an emergency; and an air cooler provided within the shelter case when buried. a pipe that is provided to communicate between the toilet and the ground and has a valve that is closed in an emergency, and which opens the valve during normal times to introduce air from the ground into the shelter case; a pipe that communicates the toilet basin and the ground; A nuclear shelter comprising an air exhaust fan installed in a pipe that communicates the reservoir with the ground.