JPH0117996B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a tail handle device for a winch having a capstan type drum, in which the tail part of a wire rope wound around the capstan is supported mechanically, rather than manually, to maintain tension at the tail at all times. It is.

Shitte refers to the part where the end of the rope is not fixed to the capstan-type drum, but is wound around the drum (capstan) several times with the tail sticking out backwards, and this is pulled manually to loosen the wrapped rope. This is to prevent it from happening.

Figure 1 shows a situation in which a conventional hand-wound winch is used to pull up a load. Only the winch part is shown in plan view, and the hand-wound handle 1 is turned to advance the wire rope R in the direction of the arrow and pull up the load W. By winding the wire rope R around the capstan (drum) 11 several times, just by applying a slight tension to the tail portion γ, the wire rope on the capstan 11 is tightly wound, creating a large frictional force, and rotating together with the capstan 11. The load W can be pulled up.
Pulling the butt part γ to maintain an appropriate butt part tension has been done manually since ancient times, and this is a historic method that is still widely used to this day.

However, this method involves danger when unloading the load W. That is, when the claw 4a is engaged with the gearwheel 4 to prevent the capstan 11 from reversing, and the tail portion r is gently loosened, the rope R on the capstan 11 becomes loose and the load W slides on the surface of the capstan 11, causing the load W to descend. When the load W is lowered and the rope R on the capstan 11 becomes loose, the rope R tightens the capstan 11 and stops. If the butt part r is further loosened, the same phenomenon will be repeated.
By repeating this, the load W descends,
This is commonly known as ``zuri-komi.''

If you do this continuously (that is, if you gradually loosen the butt part r), the load W will descend continuously, but if you loosen it too much, the wire rope R will tighten the capstan 11 and the load will fall. The load of W is applied directly to the rear end, and the person holding the rear end R is suddenly dragged into the winch, resulting in serious injury or death.

Due to the frequent occurrence of such accidents, the Ministry of Labor has issued a notice prohibiting hand-holding. However, in reality, there are no hand-wound winches that do not require hand-holding, so we have no choice but to continue working as usual, and accidents still occur and are embarrassing.

The present inventor was requested to develop a simple and inexpensive butt handle device that can be easily attached to a simple machine such as a hand-wound winch. However, lifting and lowering dangerous heavy objects using a capstan and the butt of the hand is itself a kind of convenience. Safety can be achieved by winding it up separately at the heel, controlling the tension using hydraulics, electricity, etc., and using a winch that is safe for lifting and lowering, but this eliminates the advantage of the capstan method as a convenient method.

Human hands can feel the strength of the tension and adjust it appropriately by adjusting the tension on the butt wire, and can also advance and return the wire rope by alternating the gripping locations of both hands. However, it was extremely difficult to mechanize this process inexpensively and safely.

As a result of our research, we found that, no matter how expedient it may be, it is impossible to create a safe butt-handling device by using the conventional method of suspending heavy objects by relying on the friction of simply wrapping a wire rope around a stopped capstan. I have come to the conclusion that this is a mistake. This is because the coefficient of friction between the wire and the capstan is not constant.

Unless the coefficient of friction is constant, the handle device must perform a complicated and dangerous action, such as loosening the handle, letting the wire rope slide on the capstan surface, and then immediately returning the tension to a constant value to stop the wire rope from slipping. It shouldn't be done.

Therefore, the tail gripping device of the present invention can be used in common with a winch with a brake return mechanism. The brake return mechanism is a mechanism that brakes the capstan (drum) to turn it quietly when the wire rope is pulled out from the winch due to a load. Even a simple hand-wound winch is equipped with a brake release mechanism as shown in FIG. 2, for example. Briefly, when the handle 1 is turned in the winding direction, the pinion 2 turns the gear 3' and the shaft 11a, which turns the screw disk 13, attracts the capstan 11 with a female thread, and pulls the two brake plates 14. Since the capstan 11 is tightened to the screw disk 13 together with the gear 15, the capstan 11 is tightened to the screw disk 1.
Rotates with 3. In this case, the gearwheel 15 rotates in the direction of the dotted arrow in FIG. 3, so it is not restrained by the pawl 16.

When the handle 1 is turned in the unwinding direction, the direction of rotation of the screw disk 13 is reversed, so the capstan 11
is released, and the brake plate 14 has no braking action. Therefore, the load causes the capstan 11 to be rotated in the unwinding direction by a wire rope (not shown). With this rotation of the capstan 11, the female threaded part of the capstan 1
1 to the screw disk 13, the brake plate 14 and gear wheel 15 are tightened between them, as in the case of winding up. During this rewinding, the gearwheel 15 is turned in the direction of the solid line arrow in FIG. 3, but the pawl 16 works and prevents it from turning. Therefore, the capstan 11 that engages with this
is braked, the rewinding rotation is stopped, and the handle 1 must be further turned in the rewinding direction to move.

Now, FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a winch with a brake return mechanism. The main parts are capstan 1, which is the drum of the winch.
A winding wheel 6 around which the tail end wire rope r of No. 1 is wound, a winding shaft 7 that pivotally supports this winding wheel 6 in a fixed position, a friction engagement mechanism between the winding wheel 6 and the winding shaft 7, in this case, A torque limiter 8, a check mechanism that limits the rotation of the tail shaft 7 to the winding direction of the tail rope r, in this example, a gear wheel 4, a pawl 4a, and a tail rope r.
At the time of winding, the tail shaft 7 is interlocked with the capstan 11, and the shaft shaft 7 is rotated at a speed that makes the circumferential speed of the winding wheel 6 higher than the wire rope delivery speed of the capstan 11. In this example, the interlocking rotation mechanism shown in FIG. A pinion 2 simultaneously drives the winch gear 3' and the tail end gear 3 shown in FIG.
These are the gearwheel 5 and pawl 5a that transmit the information. Of course, in order to satisfy the above-mentioned conditions for interlocking rotation, the interlocking member may be adjusted as appropriate, such as making the number of teeth of gear 3 smaller than that of gear 3' when the winding diameter of capstan 11 is equal to the winding diameter of winding wheel 6. design. The point is that when hoisting (towing) the winding wheel 6 is not rotated in accordance with the speed of the rope r coming from the capstan 11.
This creates tension by rotating faster.
For this purpose, a winding wheel 6 and a tail shaft 7 which is its driving shaft are used.
Torque limiter 8 with a frictional engagement mechanism without being directly connected to
is being mediated. The torque limiter 8 is a well-known commercially available product that clamps a friction material 8a rotating together with the shaft 7 by pressing both sides of the winding wheel 6 with an appropriate force. Since the friction material 8a transmits rotational torque to the winding wheel 6 by an adjustable friction force, the tension generated in the tail rope r can be set and adjusted. Since the winding wheel 6 wrapped around the Shitte rope r cannot rotate freely, a slip occurs at the frictional part between the torque limiter 8 and the winding wheel 6.
The winding wheel 6 receives a constant torque, and the tail rope r maintains a constant tension.

This tail tension is not only generated by the rotational driving force of the torque limiter 8 when the winch is hoisted, but also
At the time of unwinding, it is generated by the braking force of the torque limiter 8, and its strength is the same, which is a desirable advantage as a tail tension. This has the advantage of driving and braking the winding wheel using a frictional engagement mechanism, and the safety of preventing the load from dropping is ensured by the winch itself with a brake return mechanism.This is the simplest tension control method that could be adopted. be. Although the torque limiter 8 is easy to use as a friction engagement mechanism in that it can adjust the transmitted torque, any known friction transmission mechanism between a shaft and a wheel can be employed.

The non-return mechanism of the butt shaft 7 is not limited to the pawl wheel and pawl shown in the figure. The cam clutch illustrated in FIG. 5 is a non-return mechanism similar to a roller bearing, and has an outer ring 17 fixed, an inner ring 18 keyed to the butt shaft 7, and a number of spring-loaded cams 19 interposed between the inner ring 17 and the inner ring 18.
Rotation in one direction is allowed and rotation in the opposite direction is restricted. Using this will have the effect of making the number of gear wheels infinite.

Now, the winding wheel 6, which winds the tail rope r instead of holding it by hand, is an important part of the tail rope r, and this embodiment uses a groove wheel having a V-shaped clamping groove 6a on the outer periphery for holding the wire rope in its mouth. . By using this groove wheel, a gripping force corresponding to the gripping force of a human hand was generated by simply wrapping the bottom rope r around a little less than a quarter of its outer circumference. In this case, it is necessary to lightly push the rope into the V-groove using the pulley 9 and the spring 10. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the V-shaped clamping groove 6a of the groove wheel, the bottom rope r, and the push wheel 9. In addition, a scraper 12 is added to smoothly lift the rope r stuck into the groove 6a away from the groove.

The winding wheel 6 may be a wire rope winding frame instead of a groove wheel. However, in that case, it is necessary to fix the rear end of the wire rope to the reel, or to wrap it around the reel many times to avoid slipping, and in this case, the wire length is limited, so it is inferior to a groove wheel. .

7 and 8 are design drawings for producing a product by combining the hand-wound winch shown in FIG. 2 with the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 4. This is a simple and lightweight hoisting and unwinding device that can be carried deep into the mountains where cars cannot pass, by separating the winch side and tail handle device and carrying it on the back. The symbols used in FIGS. 2 and 4 are used as they are, and the shapes of the parts are almost the same.

When in use, after winding the wire rope around the capstan 11 as before, the handle 9a is pushed down to lift the push wheel 9 and hang it on the winding wheel 6 as well. When the handle 1 is turned in the winding direction, the gears 3 and 3' turn at the same time. The gear 3' connects to the capstan 11 via the capstan shaft 11a, screw disk 13, brake plate 14, and gear 15.
and try to wind the wire rope. In order to create the necessary tension for the winding, the simultaneously driven gear 3 (not keyed to the shaft 7) is attached to the claws 5a (see Fig. 4, Nos. 7 and 8) attached to its side.
A cam clutch is used in the figure) to turn the butt shaft 7 and torque limiter 8 via the gear 5. The torque limiter 8 tries to turn the winding wheel 6 faster than the speed of the rope r from the capstan 11, so a tension is generated in the rope, and the tension is kept constant by the slip of the frictional engagement part. By generating this tail tension, it becomes possible to hoist a large load by rotating the capstan 11 by winding the rope R only a few times.

Next, turn handle 1 in the return direction, gear 3,
3' rotates in the opposite direction from before. The gear 3' rotates in a direction that moves the screw disk 13 away from the capstan 11. Therefore, when the force holding the brake plate 14 is loosened, the load turns the capstan 11 and lowers the load a little. However, since the rotation of the capstan 11 draws the screw disk 13, the capstan 11 is braked by immediately pressing the brake plate 14 and the gear wheel 15, which cannot be rotated in the return direction.

Since the handle 1 is not turned so violently that the screw disk 13 rotates faster than the rotation of the capstan 11 due to the load, the capstan 11 automatically rotates and brakes repeatedly to unload the load.

At this time, the tension that tightens the wire rope R to the circumferential surface of the capstan 11 is maintained as follows. That is, even when the gear 3 is turned in the rewinding direction by the handle 1, the pawl 5a (FIG. 4) on the side surface of the gear 3 merely rotates around the gear 5. The butt shaft 7 cannot rotate in the return direction due to the gear wheel 4 and pawl 4a.

Therefore, the torque limiter 8 remains stationary and acts as a brake for the winding wheel 6 that rotates together with the tail rope r. The braking action generates tension at the bottom, and the slip of the frictional engagement portion keeps the tension constant.

The conceptual drawings of the embodiment shown in Figures 7 and 8 are completely disassembled.
Although convenience in use has been achieved by organizing the parts for easy transportation and adding a mounting tool 20, detailed explanation will be omitted.

Finally, the relationship between load and Shitte tension (tensile force) is shown as a reference value. Load is W, tail tension is f, friction coefficient μ between wire rope and capstan
(0.14), number of turns of the wire rope on the capstan n
As W=f×e ² 〓〓 ⁿ Assuming W=1500Kg, if the number of turns n=5, then f=18Kg,
If n=6, f=7.6Kg. Therefore, if you wrap the wire rope around the capstan more than 6 times, the tension will be 10 kg.
The following is true. The force required to turn the handle to generate this tension is a fraction to a tenth of that amount.

Although one embodiment has been described above, the embodiment of the present invention can be variously changed and applied according to the designer's known techniques without changing the gist thereof. The target winch is not limited to hand-wound winches either.

In response to the request for mechanization of the dangerous ``zuri-komi'' butt-hand operation, this invention was developed as a result of analysis and research into the ``zuri-komi'' method. It has been demonstrated that the combination of these results in the simplest and safest mechanization overall.
As the tail handle device, we provided an extremely simple mechanized device that drives the tail rope winding wheel using an integrated frictional engagement member and also performs braking to maintain a constant tail tension.

Particularly when this invention is used in combination with a hand-wound winch, it is effective even when working on power transmission lines deep in the mountains or at construction sites after power equipment has been removed. In other words, what previously required a total of three people, two handlers and one handler, now requires only one person. Moreover, the worker is freed from the dangerous and skillful hand-holding operation, and the worker can freely lift and lower heavy objects by simply operating the hand-wound handle, and there is no risk of falling even if the worker lets go of his hand.

That is, this invention mechanizes the operation of removing the capstan end, which has caused many casualties for many years, without sacrificing its simplicity, and has great technical and industrial safety effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of how to use a conventional hand-wound winch, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a ready-made screw brake type hand-wound winch, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the gear and pawl shown in Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of how to use a conventional hand-wound winch.
The figure is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a shaft check mechanism, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the shaft check mechanism.
Figures 7 and 8 are plan and elevation views of the embodiment of Figure 4 combined with a hand-wound winch. 2...Pinion of the interlocking rotation mechanism between the winch and the butt handle, 4...The gear of the butt shaft non-return mechanism, 4
a... Same pawl, 6... Winding wheel (groove wheel), 7... Butt shaft, 8... Torque limiter of friction engagement mechanism.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A winding wheel for winding a rope on the tail side of a capstan of a winch with a brake return mechanism, a shaft for supporting the winding wheel in a fixed position, a friction engagement mechanism for the winding wheel and the shaft for the shaft, and the above. A check mechanism that limits the rotation of the tail shaft to the winding direction of the rope, and when winding the rope, the shaft is linked to a capstan at a speed that makes the peripheral speed of the winding wheel greater than the wire rope delivery speed of the capstan. A winch tail handle device characterized by being equipped with an interlocking rotation mechanism that rotates a tail shaft. 2. The winch tail handle device according to claim 1, wherein the winding wheel is a groove wheel having a V-shaped clamping groove on the outer periphery for gripping the wire rope.