JPH0122474B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with movable blades.

The blade angle control device is equipped with a blade angle control operating shaft for driving the movable blade in a rotary shaft on which a movable blade of a fluid machine is attached, so that the blade angle control operation shaft can be moved in the axial direction. There are those that support the rotary shaft and those that support it by a stationary object other than the rotary shaft. If the movable blade is operated by supporting the blade angle control force with a stationary object, this acting force will act between the rotating shaft and the stationary object, so this force will be applied to the thrust bearing that supports the rotating shaft. The disadvantage is that a larger capacity thrust bearing is required due to the additional acting force. On the other hand, in the case where the blade angle control force is supported by the rotary shaft, the blade angle control force is not applied to the thrust bearing that supports the rotary shaft because the rotary shaft is equipped with a means for operating the blade angle control control shaft. .

Conventionally, as a means for operating a blade angle control operating shaft on a rotating shaft, a hydraulic cylinder is generally provided on the rotating shaft concentrically with the rotating shaft, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder and the blade angle controlling operating shaft are connected. It had been taken. However, in the case of such a hydraulic drive device, it is necessary to include a hydraulic supply device, a feedback mechanism for controlling the blade angle, etc., making the device large and complicated.
Additionally, there was a problem with hydraulic seals, and hydraulic pressure had to be applied even during operation with a constant blade angle, resulting in considerable operating costs.

Therefore, mechanical drive devices are often used to control the blade angle of relatively small fluid machines. However, conventional mechanical drive devices, such as the
- Like the invention described in Publication No. 6078, the thrust of the operating shaft for controlling the blade angle is supported by a stationary object other than the rotating shaft, so the drawback is that the thrust bearing that supports the rotating shaft becomes large. It was hot.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks in a blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with movable blades, the present invention eliminates the use of hydraulic means for directly driving the blade angle control operating shaft, and instead uses the thrust force of the blade angle controlling operating shaft. The object is to provide a mechanical actuation means for a structure supported on a rotating shaft.

The present invention provides a blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with a movable blade in which a blade angle control operating shaft passes through a hollow rotating shaft and controls the blade angle by moving the operating shaft in the axial direction. a thrust ring that is rotatably fitted onto the shaft so as not to move in the axial direction, has a threaded portion coaxial with the rotating shaft, and is supported by the casing so as to be movable in the axial direction and not rotate relative to the casing; a piece provided with a screw that engages with the threaded portion of the thrust ring and rotatably connected in the axial direction to the sliding ring via a bearing; and an operating drive for urging the piece to rotate around the thrust ring. This is a blade angle control device for a fluid machine including a movable blade including a sliding ring which is rigidly connected to a blade angle control operating shaft and is movable in the axial direction and is not rotatable with respect to the rotating shaft.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view. Although the embodiment is described as a pump, the same applies to a water wheel.

A blade angle control operating shaft 2 is inserted into a hollow rotating shaft (hereinafter referred to as a main shaft) 1 of a fluid machine equipped with movable blades so as to be movable in the axial direction. Although not shown, a direct operating member connected to the movable wing at the bottom of the drawing is engaged with this operating shaft 2 for controlling the blade angle. The blade angle control operating shaft 2 is fitted into a disk-shaped crosshead 4 and is fixed by a shaft nut 5 screwed into the blade angle control operating shaft 2. A plurality of connecting rods 6 are fitted into axial holes in the crosshead 4, and are fixed by nuts 7 screwed into the connecting rods 6. The connecting rod 6 passes axially movably through the coupling ring 3l and is connected to a sliding ring 8 which is slid onto the main shaft 1 so as to be axially movable only. The sliding ring 8 is arranged so that it does not move in the axial direction relative to the piece 10.
It is also connected to the piece 10 via a bearing 9 so as to be relatively rotatable.

A rotor 11 is fixed to the outer periphery of the piece 10 via a key 12 so as to rotate together with the piece 10, and together with a stator 13 fixed to the inner periphery of the casing 15 and prevented from rotating by a key 14, an electric motor is constituted.

The electric motor is a driving means for rotating the piece 10 around the thrust ring 16. A female thread 10s coaxial with the main shaft 1 is cut on the inner periphery of the piece 10. The female thread 10s is fixed to the main shaft 1 by being held by a shaft nut 18 screwed into the main shaft 1 and a distance piece 19 that abuts the step of the main shaft 1, and is thrust by the shoulder of the thrust ring 16 and the bearing retainer 33. Via a bearing 17 fixed to the ring 16, it engages with a male thread 16s cut on the outer periphery of the thrust ring 16 fitted externally to the main shaft 1 so as to be relatively rotatable. The thrust ring 16 slides into a pedestal 20 fixed to the base 15a via a key 21 and is prevented from rotating. This key 21, pedestal 20
The rotation prevention mechanism does not support the thrust ring 16 in the axial direction. Therefore, the blade angle control force is
Supported by

Note that the key 2 is used to prevent the thrust ring 16 from rotating.
Instead of 1, a pin, a spline, etc. may be used, or a magnet may be used. FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of another embodiment in which magnets are used to prevent the thrust ring 16 from rotating, in which a pair of permanent magnets 25 are fixed on the thrust ring 16, and a permanent magnet opposite the permanent magnets is attached to the vedestal 20. The rotation of the thrust ring 16 is stopped by providing an electromagnet with a different polarity and passing a current through the coil 26.

A shifter 43 that is supported vertically and movably by a guide provided in the inner axial direction of the casing 15 is engaged with a disc 24 that is concentric with the main shaft 1 that is fixed to the lower end of the piece 10. direction pointer 44
The position of the finger 44 is detected by a position detector 27 such as a non-contact type displacement meter or a potentiometer, which is fixed to the casing 15 by movably passing through the bottom of the casing 15 in a sealed manner.
3. The position of the piece 10 is determined through the disc 24, and the piece 10 is connected to the sliding ring 8, the connecting rod 6, and the connecting rod 6 through the bearing 9.
Since the crosshead 4 and the blade angle control operating shaft 2 are displaced simultaneously, the current value of the blade angle can be determined. The signal SF of the position detector 27 is sent to the controller 28, and the controller 28 energizes the stator 13 so that the difference S-SF between the desired blade angle and the set value S becomes 0. It is designed to control rotation.

The coupling ring 3l is fitted onto the main shaft 1 via a key 23, and is fixed to the main shaft 1 by being tightened in the axial direction by a shaft nut 22 screwed into the main shaft 1, and transmits main power via the key 23. ing. A pair of coupling rings 3u is fixed to the coupling ring 3l, and power is transmitted to the main shaft 1 by a power transmission shaft 30 fixed to the coupling ring 3u.

A casing cover 2 is installed on the top of the casing 15.
9. The shaft sealing member 31 is fastened together and the upper cylindrical portion of the shaft sealing member 31 is inserted into the cylindrical shaft sealing member 32 fixed to the coupling ring 3u with a small gap. The inner cylindrical portion of the casing cover 29 is close to the upper outer periphery of the piece 10. A bearing holder 38 of the bearing 9 and a funnel 34 are fastened together to the upper end of the piece 10. The main shaft 1 is sealed by the distance piece 19 and a cylindrical shaft sealing member 35 fixed to the base 15a, which is inserted into the lower cylindrical portion of the distance piece 19.

An oil tank is formed by the casing 15 and a base 15a fixed to the casing 15, and the oil in the oil tank sucked in by the oil pump 36 is cooled through an oil cooler 37 and sent to the funnel 34, the bearing 9, and the bearing 1.
7 into the pedestal 20 and returns to the oil tank through the radial groove 20a of the pedestal 20.

The oil falling from the bearing 9 also lubricates the thrust ring and the screw pairs 10s and 16s of the bridge.

During operation of a fluid machine with movable blades, the main shaft 1 is always
In addition to the main power transmission system such as the couplings 3u and 3l, and the power transmission shaft 30, the blade angle control operating shaft 2, shaft nut 5, crosshead 4, connecting rod 6, nut 7,
The sliding ring 8, distance piece 19, shaft nut 18, etc. rotate together. When keeping the blade angle constant, the rotor 1 fixed to the piece 10
1 and a stator 13 fixed to a casing 15, the electric motor is controlled so as not to generate rotational force or is not energized. Since the rotor 11 and the piece 10 do not rotate, the piece 10 does not move and the connected sliding ring 8 is immobile in the axial direction. do not move to. In other words, the wing angle remains constant. When performing blade angle control, the rotor 11 is rotated by generating rotational force in the electric motor, and the piece 10 is rotated. The piece 10 itself is moved in the axial direction by a screw pair consisting of an internal thread 10s cut on the inner periphery of the piece 10 and a male thread 16s cut on the outer periphery of the thrust ring 16. The movement of the piece 10 is carried out by the bearing 9.
to release rotation and transmit only axial movement to the sliding ring 8. Since the sliding ring 8, connecting rod 6, crosshead 4, and blade angle control operating shaft 2 move together in the axial direction, the blade angle control operating shaft 2 moves in the axial direction, and the blade angle changes. When changing the blade angle in the opposite direction to that described above, the rotor 11 of the electric motor may be controlled to rotate in the opposite direction to that described above.

The displacement of the piece 10 in the axial direction can be detected by the position detector 27, and the blade angle can be determined, and the blade angle is set to the set blade angle S as described above.

The motor consisting of the rotor 11 and stator 13 used in such a device is suitably configured as, for example, a stepping motor, a low frequency multipolar motor, a thyristor motor, etc. It is suitable if

FIGS. 3 and 4 are longitudinal sectional views showing other embodiments of the present invention. These embodiments differ from the previous embodiments in the operating driving means for rotationally urging the bridge piece 10 around the thrust ring 16.

In the embodiment shown in FIG.
9 is cut, and the spur gear 39 has a casing 1
A spur gear 42 is engaged with the shaft end of a hydraulic motor 41 which is fixed in the hydraulic motor 5 and has an output shaft parallel to the main shaft 1. The spur gear 39 and the spur gear 42 are made to have a tooth width larger than the other gear by the amount of movement of the piece 10 in order to maintain constant meshing.

When the hydraulic motor 41 is rotated, the spur gear 42 rotates, transmitting the rotation to the spur gear 39, and the piece 10 rotates. Therefore, the blade angle can be controlled by rotating the hydraulic motor 41 in forward and reverse directions. In this embodiment, if the piece 10 is allowed to move in the axial direction, the piece 1
0 may be provided with a helical gear instead of the spur gear 39, and a helical gear drive that meshes with the spur gear 39 may be used. In this case, the rotational displacement due to the axial movement of one gear of the helical gear pair is added to or subtracted from the rotation of the piece 10. The gear that meshes with the gear on the outer periphery of the piece 10 may be a worm, a screw gear, a rack, etc., as long as it allows the piece 10 to move in the axial direction. In the case of a rack, the rack is driven by a hydraulic servo cylinder. Furthermore, when the piece 10 is operated by a fluid pressure driven drive source, the conventional blade angle control device of a fluid machine equipped with hydraulically operated movable blades applies the thrust of a hydraulic cylinder directly to the blade angle control operating shaft 2. The drive source for the piece 10 is a hydraulic motor, for example.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the embodiment of FIG. 4; This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 in the transmission device that meshes with the spur gear on the outer periphery of the bridge.

A spur gear 42 fixed to a blade angle operating force input shaft 45 parallel to the main shaft 1 is meshed with the spur gear 39 on the outer periphery of the bridge 10 . The blade angle control force input shaft 45 is rotatably supported by bearings 46 and 47 provided in the casing 15, and a bevel gear 48 is fixed to the upper end of the input shaft 45. Prime mover 5 for controlling blade angle
One end is connected to the bearing 5, and the bearing 5 is connected to the casing 15.
A small bevel gear 49 is fixed to the other end of the operation drive shaft 53 supported via the pins 1 and 52, and this small bevel gear 49 meshes with the bevel gear 48.

When the prime mover 50 is energized, the small bevel gear 49 rotates, the bevel gear 48 and the spur gear 42 rotate, transmitting the rotation to the spur gear 39, the piece 10 rotates, and the blade angle is changed as in the previous embodiment. can do.

In this embodiment, the spur gear 39 is the spur gear 4.
2, the tooth width of the spur gear 39 is set to a length that takes into consideration the amount of axial movement in order to maintain constant meshing. The width of the gear 39 may be set to a width necessary for strength, or the blade angle operating force input shaft 45 and the spur gear 42 may be spline-coupled to make the spur gears 39 and 42 the same width as shown in FIG. It is also possible to fix the collars 42a on both sides of the shaft 42, sandwich the spur gear 39 between the collars 42a, and allow the spur gear 42 to slide on the spline shaft as the spur gear 39 moves. Further, as the sliding mechanism of the spur gear 42, a sliding key, a ball spline, etc. may be used instead of a spline.

The blade control device for a fluid machine equipped with a movable blade of the present invention has a blade angle control operation shaft passing through a hollow rotating shaft, and a movable blade that controls the blade angle by moving the operation shaft in the axial direction. In a blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with a thrust ring supported so as not to rotate relative to each other; a piece having a screw that engages with a threaded portion of the thrust ring and rotatably connected in the axial direction to the sliding ring via a bearing; Since it is composed of an operation driving means for rotating and energizing the thrust ring, and a sliding ring that is rigidly connected to the blade angle control operation shaft and is movable in the axial direction and cannot rotate with respect to the rotation axis, The blade operating force does not act on the thrust bearing of the rotating shaft, and the thrust bearing can be downsized. Furthermore, when converting an existing fixed-blade pump into a movable-blade pump, there is no need to change the thrust bearing, so the movable-blade pump can be achieved without changing the main motor that drives the pump. Since the relative rotation of the piece with respect to the rotation axis is converted into axial motion using a pair of screws, the piece does not rotate due to the friction of the screw even if the blade angle control operating shaft receives thrust due to the fluid force applied to the blade. In other words, no power is required to keep the blade angle constant except for blade angle control operations. The screw member does not rotate, but the blade angle changes in the direction of rising and falling according to the absolute rotation of the piece in forward and reverse directions, so it is easy to control the operation and urging means of the piece, and the blade angle can be kept constant. When the blade is placed in the air, the bridge operating and urging means can be stopped, which saves power costs for controlling the blade angle.

When the piece operation drive means is an electric motor consisting of a rotor fixed to the outer periphery of the piece and a stator fixed with a gap between the rotor and the rotor, no radial load is applied to drive the piece, and the piece has less driving force and movement. is smooth.

When the operation driving means of the piece is such that a gear that meshes with a gear provided on the outer periphery of the piece is driven by a drive source that can move in forward and reverse directions, the drive source may be an electric motor, a hydraulic motor, a fluid pressure motor, or a fluid pressure servo cylinder. etc., and has a high degree of freedom in configuration.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view showing a part of another embodiment of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment of the invention. , FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a part of another embodiment of FIG. 4. It is a front view. 1...Main shaft, 2...Operation shaft for blade angle control, 3l,
3u...Coupling, 4...Crosshead, 5
...Shaft nut, 6...Connecting rod, 7...Nut, 8
... Sliding ring, 9 ... Bearing, 10 ... Piece, 10
s...Female thread, 11...Rotor, 12...Key,
13...Stator, 15...Casing, 15a...
...Base, 16... Thrust ring, 16s...
Male thread, 17...Bearing, 18...Shaft nut, 19
... Distance piece, 20 ... Pedestal,
20a...Groove, 21...Key, 22...Shaft nut, 23...Key, 24...Disc, 25...Permanent magnet, 26...Coil, 27...Position detector, 2
8... Controller, 29... Cover, 30... Power transmission shaft, 31, 32... Shaft sealing member, 33, 38...
Bearing holder, 34... Funnel, 35... Shaft sealing member, 3
6... Oil pump, 37... Oil cooler, 39... Spur gear, 41... Hydraulic motor, 42... Spur gear, 4
2a...Brim, 43...Shifter, 44...Pointer,
45... Blade angle operating force input shaft, 46, 47... Bearing, 48... Bevel gear, 49... Small bevel gear, 5
0... Prime mover, 51, 52... Bearing, 53... Operation drive shaft.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Blade angle control of a fluid machine equipped with movable blades in which a blade angle control operating shaft passes through a hollow rotating shaft and the blade angle is controlled by moving the operating shaft in the axial direction. In a device, the device is fitted onto the rotating shaft so as to be rotatable but not axially movable, has a threaded portion concentric with the rotating shaft, and is supported by the casing so as to be movable axially and not rotate relative to the casing. a thrust ring; a piece having a screw that engages with a threaded portion of the thrust ring and rotatably connected to the sliding ring via a bearing in the axial direction; and a piece that is rotatable around the thrust ring. A blade angle control device for a fluid machine equipped with a movable blade consisting of an operation drive means for controlling the blade angle, and a sliding ring that is movable in the axial direction and is not rotatable with respect to the rotating shaft and that is rigidly connected to the blade angle control operation shaft. . 2. A fluid equipped with movable blades according to claim 1, wherein the operation drive means of the piece is an electric motor comprising a rotor fixed to the outer periphery of the piece and a stator fixed with a gap from the rotor. Mechanical blade angle control device. 3. A fluid machine with movable blades as set forth in claim 1, wherein the operation drive means for the piece comprises a gear provided on the outer periphery of the piece, and a gear transmission meshing with the gear and connected to a drive source. Wing angle control device.