JPH0129857B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0129857B2 JPH0129857B2 JP60135289A JP13528985A JPH0129857B2 JP H0129857 B2 JPH0129857 B2 JP H0129857B2 JP 60135289 A JP60135289 A JP 60135289A JP 13528985 A JP13528985 A JP 13528985A JP H0129857 B2 JPH0129857 B2 JP H0129857B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lance
- raw material
- furnace
- smelting
- material particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
「技術分野」
本発明は、製錬炉の構造、より具体的には、炉
床までのバス深さに関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the structure of smelting furnaces, and more specifically to the bath depth to the hearth.
「従来技術およびその問題点」
一般に硫化金属鉱の連続製錬等においては、粉
状あるいは粒状の精鉱、溶剤、固体燃料等、製錬
原料を、酸素富化した空気等の圧力気体と共に、
炉内熔体に吹き込み、冶金反応を進行させ溶練す
る方法が採られる。これに用いる製練炉には、通
常第1図および第2図に示すように、製練原料
(以下、原料と略称する)を吹き込むためのラン
ス1…が炉天井2から炉内の熔体3に向けて垂直
にさし込まれている。そして、ランス1…を通し
て吹き込まれる原料は、ノズル1aから約
150m/s以上の速度で放出され、熔体3の湯面
8aに衝突してスプラツシユ4を発生させた後、
熔体3中に侵入する。"Prior art and its problems" Generally, in continuous smelting of sulfide metal ores, smelting raw materials such as powdered or granular concentrate, solvent, solid fuel, etc. are combined with pressurized gas such as oxygen-enriched air.
A method is adopted in which the melt is blown into the molten body in a furnace to proceed with the metallurgical reaction and smelt it. In the smelting furnace used for this purpose, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, lances 1 for injecting raw materials for smelting (hereinafter referred to as raw materials) are inserted from the furnace ceiling 2 into the molten material in the furnace. It is inserted vertically towards 3. Then, the raw material injected through the lance 1... is approximately
After being ejected at a speed of 150 m/s or more and colliding with the molten metal surface 8a of the melt 3 to generate a splash 4,
Penetrates into the molten material 3.
ところで、この種の製錬炉においては、一般
に、炉内に滞留する熔体3の量が少ないほど炉の
生産性が高く、中間製品滞留量を少なくでき、ま
た炉がコンパクトであるほど設備投資を少なくす
ることができるので、炉のバス深さdを(湯面3
aから炉床5までの距離)を浅くして、熔体3の
滞留量の低減、炉のコンパクト化を図ることが行
なわれており、従来の製錬炉では、炉中心部での
バス深さdが約1090mmとなるように設計されてい
た。 By the way, in this type of smelting furnace, generally speaking, the smaller the amount of melt 3 retained in the furnace, the higher the productivity of the furnace, and the smaller the amount of intermediate products retained, and the more compact the furnace, the lower the capital investment. Since it is possible to reduce the bath depth d of the furnace (hot water level 3
In conventional smelting furnaces, the depth of the bath at the center of the furnace is reduced by reducing the amount of molten material 3 retained and making the furnace more compact. It was designed to have a length of approximately 1090mm.
ところが、このようなバス深さdの製錬炉にあ
つては、ランス1…から吹き込まれ熔体3中に侵
入する製錬原料によつて炉床5をなす煉瓦が酷く
浸食され、逆アーチ状に組まれていた炉床煉瓦の
セリが緩んで煉瓦が脱けてしまつたり、互いの圧
縮応力に耐えられずに煉瓦が破損して、炉から溶
体3が流出する事故が起きる危険が増大する恐れ
があつた。 However, in such a smelting furnace with a bath depth d, the bricks forming the hearth 5 are severely eroded by the smelting raw materials blown from the lances 1 and entering the molten material 3, resulting in a reverse arch. There is a risk that the seri of the hearth bricks assembled in a shape will loosen and the bricks will fall off, or that the bricks will not be able to withstand each other's compressive stress and break, causing the melt 3 to flow out of the furnace. There was a fear that it would increase.
「発明の目的」
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、生
産性が高く、コンパクトで、しかも安全性の高い
製錬炉を提供することを目的とする。``Object of the Invention'' The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a smelting furnace that is highly productive, compact, and highly safe.
「問題点を解決するための手段」
本発明者らは、長期にわたる研究の結果、ラン
ス直下におけるバス深さを、ランスから吹き込ま
れる製錬原料の侵入深さと等しく設定し、かつこ
の製錬原料の侵入深さを、熔体の密度、ノズル部
分における原料粒子の密度、原料粒子の速度、ジ
エツト中心部のガス速度、ランス内径、原料粒子
の径、ランス断面積、ランス1本当りの給鉱量、
ガス又は原料粒子の広がり角度、湯面からのラン
ス高さ、熔体の粘度に基づいて設定することによ
り上記問題点を解決し得ることを見い出した。"Means for solving the problem" As a result of long-term research, the present inventors set the bath depth directly below the lance to be equal to the penetration depth of the smelting raw material blown from the lance, and The penetration depth of the melt, the density of the raw material particles at the nozzle, the velocity of the raw material particles, the gas velocity at the center of the jet, the inner diameter of the lance, the diameter of the raw material particles, the cross-sectional area of the lance, and the ore feed per lance. amount,
It has been found that the above problems can be solved by setting based on the spread angle of gas or raw material particles, the height of the lance from the hot water surface, and the viscosity of the melt.
「実施例」
以下、実施例に沿つて本発明の製錬炉を説明す
る。"Example" Hereinafter, the smelting furnace of the present invention will be described with reference to Examples.
製錬炉の炉床は、一般に、炉中央が最も凹む逆
アーチ状に形成されているので、湯面3aから炉
床5までのバス深さは、場所によつて異なる。本
発明の製錬炉にあつては、ランス3…直下におけ
るバス深さDが、ランス3から吹き込まれる製錬
原料の侵入深さと等しい寸法とされている。 Since the hearth of a smelting furnace is generally formed in an inverted arch shape with the center of the furnace concave most, the depth of the bath from the hot water surface 3a to the hearth 5 varies depending on the location. In the smelting furnace of the present invention, the bath depth D directly below the lance 3 is equal to the penetration depth of the smelting raw material injected from the lance 3.
ここでいう侵入深さとは、吹き込まれた原料の
粒子が溶体3中を進行する距離、すなわち溶体3
の湯面3aから炉床5に向かつて侵入した深さで
ある。 The penetration depth here refers to the distance that the blown raw material particles travel in the solution 3, that is, the penetration depth in the solution 3.
This is the depth at which the hot water penetrates from the surface 3a of the hot water toward the hearth 5.
この原料粒子の侵入深さは、種々の要因で変化
する。主な要因としては、次のようなものが挙げ
られる。 The penetration depth of the raw material particles varies depending on various factors. The main factors include:
(a) 原料粒子の速度が増すと侵入深さは深くな
る。(a) As the velocity of the raw material particles increases, the penetration depth increases.
(b) ランス1のノズル1aの単位断面積当りにお
ける原料粒子の供給量が増加すると、侵入深さ
は深くなる。(b) As the amount of raw material particles supplied per unit cross-sectional area of the nozzle 1a of the lance 1 increases, the penetration depth becomes deeper.
(c) 溶体3の比重、粘度が増すと、原料粒子の侵
入深さが浅くなる。(c) As the specific gravity and viscosity of the solution 3 increase, the penetration depth of the raw material particles becomes shallower.
(d) 湯面3aからランス1までの高さが増すと、
原料粒子の侵入深さが浅くなる。(d) When the height from the hot water level 3a to the lance 1 increases,
The penetration depth of raw material particles becomes shallower.
本発明者らは、これらの知見から、原料粒子の
侵入と各要因との関係が次式で表わせることを見
い出した。 Based on these findings, the present inventors have discovered that the relationship between the penetration of raw material particles and each factor can be expressed by the following equation.
Hp=0.136dp 1.266・us 0.135・ρL -0.609・
ρs 0.12・μL -0.024・Np 0.494・uc 0.182
・(d0+2H0・tanθ)0.475 ……(1)
ここで、
H0/d0<3.8の場合
Np=Ws/(π/6・dp 3・ρs・S0) ……(2)
H0/d0≧3.8の場合
Np=〔Ws/(π/6・dp 3・ρs・S0)〕×10A-2
……(3)
A=1.091−0.999〔log(Hp/do)〕2
+1.4623 log(Ho/do)
−0.0843 log(us/100)
+0.253 log(Ws/S0) ……(4)
(記号の説明)
Hp:原料粒子の侵入深さ(cm)
ρL:熔体の密度(g/cm3)
ρS:ノズル部分における原料粒子の密度(g/
cm3)
uS:原料粒子の速度(cm/s)
uC:ジエツト中心部のガス速度(cm/s)
d0:ランス内径(cm)
dp:原料粒子の径(cm)
S0:ランス断面積(cm2)
Ws:ランス1本当りの給鉱量(g/s)
θ:ガス又は原料粒子の広がり角度
H0:湯面からのランス高さ(cm)
μL:熔体の粘度(g/cm・s)
上式中、熔体の密度(ρL)やランス高さ(H0)
等は、製錬する金属や、炉の最適運転条件等を考
慮すると自ずと定まる。また、生産量に応じて変
化する給鉱量などには、使用するランス1の本数
を変えて対応するので、ランス1本当りの給鉱量
(Ws)は、ほぼ一定である。H p =0.136d p 1.266・u s 0.135・ρ L -0.609・ρ s 0.12・μ L -0.024・N p 0.494・u c 0.182・(d 0 +2H 0・tanθ) 0.475 ……(1) Here , when H 0 /d 0 <3.8, N p = W s / (π/6・d p 3・ρ s・S 0 ) …(2) When H 0 /d 0 ≧3.8, N p = [W s / (π/6・d p 3・ρ s・S 0 )]×10 A-2
...(3) A=1.091-0.999 [log (H p /do)] 2 +1.4623 log (Ho / do) -0.0843 log (U s /100) +0.253 log (W s /S 0 ) ... ...(4) (Explanation of symbols) H p : Penetration depth of raw material particles (cm) ρ L : Density of melt (g/cm 3 ) ρ S : Density of raw material particles at nozzle part (g/cm 3 )
cm 3 ) u S : Velocity of raw material particles (cm/s) u C : Gas velocity at the center of the jet (cm/s) d 0 : Inner diameter of lance (cm) d p : Diameter of raw material particles (cm) S 0 : Cross-sectional area of the lance (cm 2 ) W s : Amount of ore supplied per lance (g/s) θ : Spread angle of gas or raw material particles H 0 : Height of the lance from the molten metal surface (cm) μ L : Melt Viscosity (g/cm・s) In the above formula, the density of the melt (ρ L ) and lance height (H 0 )
etc. are determined automatically by considering the metal to be smelted, the optimal operating conditions of the furnace, etc. In addition, since the amount of ore feed that changes depending on the production amount is handled by changing the number of lances 1 used, the amount of ore feed (W s ) per lance is approximately constant.
従つて、原料粒子の侵入深さ(Hp)は、主に
ランス径(d0)およびランス断面積(S0)等によ
つて定まることになる。ここで、式のうえから
は、ランス1が太いほど原料粒子の侵入深さ
(Hp)が深くなるが、実際上は、ランス1を太く
すると、ノズル部分における原料粒子の密度
(ρs)、原料粒子の速度(us)およびジエツト中心
部のガス速度(uc)等が小さくなるので、侵入深
さ(Hp)は逆に浅くなる傾向にある。通常、製
錬炉のランスは、3インチ以上とされるので、こ
のことから計算すると、製錬炉のランス1直下に
おける適正なバス深さDは一般に、1250〜1350mm
程度、より好ましくは、約1300mm以上とされる。
バス深さLが1300mmを越えても、炉床煉瓦の侵食
防止の効果の向上は望めず、炉内に滞留する熔体
量が増すのみで不経済である。 Therefore, the penetration depth (H p ) of the raw material particles is determined mainly by the lance diameter (d 0 ), the lance cross-sectional area (S 0 ), and the like. Here, from the equation, the thicker the lance 1, the deeper the penetration depth of the raw material particles (H p ), but in reality, when the lance 1 is thicker, the density of the raw material particles at the nozzle part (ρ s ) , the velocity of the raw material particles ( Us ), the gas velocity at the center of the jet ( Uc ), etc. become smaller, so the penetration depth ( Hp ) tends to become shallower. Normally, the lance of a smelting furnace is 3 inches or more, so calculating from this, the appropriate bath depth D directly below the lance 1 of the smelting furnace is generally 1250 to 1350 mm.
more preferably about 1300 mm or more.
Even if the bath depth L exceeds 1300 mm, no improvement in the effect of preventing corrosion of the hearth bricks can be expected, and the amount of molten material remaining in the furnace only increases, which is uneconomical.
「作用」
本発明の製錬炉は、ランス直下のバス深さD
が、ランス1から吹き込まれる原料の侵入深さと
等しく設定されているので、吹き込まれる原料が
炉床に衝突するエネルギは大幅に緩和される。よ
つて、この製錬炉にあつては、吹き込まれる原料
の侵食作用で炉床が受ける損傷が少なく、侵食の
進行も遅い。"Function" The smelting furnace of the present invention has a bath depth D directly below the lance.
is set equal to the penetration depth of the raw material blown in from the lance 1, so the energy of the blown raw material colliding with the hearth is greatly reduced. Therefore, in this smelting furnace, the hearth is less damaged by the erosive action of the injected raw material, and the progress of the erosion is slow.
「試験例」
バス深さLを1300mmとした銅製錬炉を設計し、
築炉し、2年間の試験運転を行つた。試験した炉
は、最大処理量55ton/日、内径8.19m、内容積
56m3、ランス径d0=8.01cm、ランス断面積S0=
0.00504m3、ランス高さH0=50cmのものであつ
た。また、試験期間中の炉の運転条件は、概略以
下のようであつた。"Test example" A copper smelting furnace with a bath depth L of 1300 mm was designed,
A furnace was constructed and test operation was conducted for two years. The tested furnace has a maximum throughput of 55 tons/day, an inner diameter of 8.19 m, and an internal volume.
56m 3 , lance diameter d 0 = 8.01cm, lance cross-sectional area S 0 =
It was 0.00504 m 3 and the lance height H 0 =50 cm. Additionally, the operating conditions of the furnace during the test period were approximately as follows.
熔体密度ρL=4.7〜5.0g/cm3
原料粒子密度ρs=3.9〜4.2g/cm3
原料粒子速度us=200〜250m/s
ジエツト中心部のガス速度uc=200〜250m/s
原料粒子径dp=25〜35μ
給鉱量Ws=14〜17T/h・ランス
広がり角度θ=4.4〜4.8度
熔体の粘度μL=0.1〜0.11g/cm・s
2年間の試験運転後、炉を休止して炉床5を調
査したところ、従来ランス直下には侵食により深
さ90〜135mmもの穴が形成されていたが、本試験
炉にあつては20〜40mmの深さの穴が形成されてい
ただけであつた。Melt density ρ L = 4.7 to 5.0 g/cm 3 Raw material particle density ρ s = 3.9 to 4.2 g/cm 3 Raw material particle velocity u s = 200 to 250 m/s Gas velocity at the center of the jet u c = 200 to 250 m/s s Raw material particle diameter d p = 25 ~ 35μ Amount of ore supplied W s = 14 ~ 17T/h・Lance spread angle θ = 4.4 ~ 4.8 degrees Melt viscosity μ L = 0.1 ~ 0.11g/cm・s 2 years test After operation, the furnace was shut down and the hearth 5 was investigated. Conventionally, a hole with a depth of 90 to 135 mm had been formed directly under the lance due to erosion, but in the case of this test furnace, it was found to be 20 to 40 mm deep. Only a hole had been formed.
「発明の効果」
以上詳しく説明したように、本発明の製錬炉
は、ランス直下におけるバス深さが、吹き込まれ
る製錬原料の侵入深さと等しい深さとされている
とともに、製錬原料の侵入深さ(Hp)が、熔体
の密度(ρL)、ノズル部分における原料粒子の密
度(ρs)、原料粒子の速度(us)、ジエツト中心部
のガス速度(uc)、ランス内径(dp)、原料粒子の
径(dp)、ランス断面積(Sp)、ランス1本当りの
給鉱量(Ws)、ガス又は原料粒子の広がり角度
(θ)、湯面からのランス高さ(Hp)、熔体の粘度
(μL)に基づいて、
Hp=0.136dp1.266・uS 0.135・ρL -0.609
・ρS 0.12・μL -0.024・Np 0494・uc 0.182
・(do+2Hp・tanθ)0.475
ここで、
Hp/dp<3.8の場合
Np=Ws/(π/6・dp 3・ρS・Sp)
Hp/do≧3.8の場合
Np=〔Ws/(π/6・dp 3・ρs・Sp)〕×10A-2
A=1.091−0.999〔log(Hp/dp)〕2
+1.4623 log(Hp/dp)
−0.0843 log(us/100)
+0.253 log(Ws/Sp)
によつて設定されているので、吹き込まれる製錬
原料の粒子が熔体の湯面から炉床に向かつて侵入
する場合の深さを合理的にかつ円滑に算定でき、
この決定された製錬原料の熔体内への侵入深さに
応じてバス深さを決定することによつて、吹き込
まれる原料により炉床が受ける侵食作用が緩和さ
れる。従つて、本発明の製錬炉は、炉床煉瓦の破
損等による熔体流出事故の危険がなく、安全性に
優れたものとなる。"Effects of the Invention" As explained in detail above, in the smelting furnace of the present invention, the depth of the bath directly below the lance is equal to the depth of penetration of the smelting raw material being blown into the furnace, and The depth (H p ) is the density of the melt (ρ L ), the density of the raw material particles at the nozzle (ρ s ), the velocity of the raw material particles ( u s ), the gas velocity at the center of the jet (u c ), and the lance. Inner diameter (d p ), diameter of raw material particles (d p ), lance cross-sectional area (S p ), amount of ore fed per lance (W s ), spread angle of gas or raw material particles (θ), from the hot water surface Based on the lance height (H p ) and the viscosity of the melt (μ L ), H p =0.136dp 1.266・u S 0.135・ρ L -0.609・ρ S 0.12・μ L -0.024・N p 0494・u c 0.182・(do+2H p・tanθ) 0.475Here , when H p /d p <3.8, N p =W s /(π/6・d p 3・ρ S・S p ) H p /do≧3.8 In the case of N p = [W s / (π/6・d p 3・ρ s・S p )]×10 A-2 A=1.091−0.999 [log (H p /d p )] 2 +1.4623 log (H p /d p ) −0.0843 log (U s /100) +0.253 log (W s /S p ) Therefore, the particles of the smelting raw material that are injected are raised from the surface of the melt. The depth of penetration toward the hearth can be calculated rationally and smoothly.
By determining the bath depth according to the determined penetration depth of the smelting raw material into the melt, the erosion effect on the hearth caused by the blown raw material is alleviated. Therefore, the smelting furnace of the present invention has excellent safety without the risk of melt spillage due to breakage of hearth bricks or the like.
加えて、本発明の炉は、バス深さが必要かつ充
分な深さとされているので、炉の生産性が不要に
低下したり、炉の規模が不要に大型化することが
なく、安全性、生産性および規模等のバランスの
優れた製錬炉となる。 In addition, since the furnace of the present invention has a necessary and sufficient bath depth, the productivity of the furnace does not decrease unnecessarily, the scale of the furnace does not become unnecessarily large, and safety is improved. , resulting in a smelting furnace with an excellent balance of productivity and scale.
第1図および第2図は本発明の製錬炉を説明す
るためのもので、第1図は炉の縦断面図、第2図
は炉の上面図である。
1……ランス、1a……ノズル、2……炉天
井、3……熔体、3a……湯面、5……炉床、D
……バス深さ。
1 and 2 are for explaining the smelting furnace of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the furnace, and FIG. 2 is a top view of the furnace. 1... Lance, 1a... Nozzle, 2... Furnace ceiling, 3... Melt, 3a... Hot water surface, 5... Hearth, D
...Bass depth.
Claims (1)
と圧力気体を吹き込むためのランスが設けられて
なる製錬炉において、 上記熔体の湯面から炉本体の炉床までのバス深
さが、ランス直下において、ランスから吹き込ま
れる製錬原料の侵入深さと等しく設定され、かつ
この製錬原料の侵入深さ(Hp)が、熔体の密度
(ρL)、ノズル部分における原料粒子の密度(ρs)、
原料粒子の連度(us)、ジエツト中心部のガス速
度(uc)、ランス内径(dp)、原料粒子の径(dp)、
ランス断面積(Sp)、ランス1本当りの給鉱量
(Ws)、ガス又は原料粒子の広がり角度(θ)、湯
面からのランス高さ(Hp)、熔体の粘度(μL)に
基づいて、 Hp=0.136dp1.266・uS 0.135・ρL -0.609 ・ρS 0.12・μL -0.024・Np0.494・uc 0.182 ・(do+2Hp・tanθ)0.475 ここで、 Hp/dp<3.8の場合 Np=Ws/(π/6・dp3・ρS・Sp) Hp/do≧3.8の場合 Np=〔Ws/(π/6・dp3・ρs・Sp)〕×10A-2 A=1.091−0.999〔log(Hp/dp)〕2 +1.4623 log(Hp/dp) −0.0843 log(us/100) +0.253 log(Ws/Sp) によつて設定されたことを特徴とする製錬炉。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a smelting furnace in which a lance for blowing smelting raw materials and pressurized gas is provided on the ceiling wall of the furnace body where the molten material is retained, The depth of the bath to the hearth is set to be equal to the penetration depth of the smelting raw material injected from the lance immediately below the lance, and the penetration depth of this smelting raw material (Hp) is equal to the density of the melt (ρ L ). , the density of raw material particles at the nozzle part (ρ s ),
The continuity of the raw material particles (U s ), the gas velocity at the center of the jet (U C ), the inner diameter of the lance (d P ), the diameter of the raw material particles (D P ),
The cross-sectional area of the lance (S p ), the amount of ore fed per lance (W s ), the spread angle of gas or raw material particles (θ), the height of the lance from the hot water surface (H p ), the viscosity of the melt (μ L ), H p =0.136dp 1.266・u S 0.135・ρ L -0.609・ρ S 0.12・μ L -0.024・Np 0.494・u c 0.182・(do+2H p・tanθ) 0.475Here , H p /d p <3.8 N p = W s / (π/6・dp 3・ρ S・S p ) H p /do≧3.8 N p = [W s / (π/6・dp 3・ρ s・S p )]×10 A-2 A=1.091−0.999 [log(H p /d p )] 2 +1.4623 log(H p /d p ) −0.0843 log(u s /100) +0. A smelting furnace characterized by being set by 253 log(W s /S p ).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13528985A JPS61295334A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1985-06-21 | smelting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13528985A JPS61295334A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1985-06-21 | smelting furnace |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61295334A JPS61295334A (en) | 1986-12-26 |
| JPH0129857B2 true JPH0129857B2 (en) | 1989-06-14 |
Family
ID=15148216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP13528985A Granted JPS61295334A (en) | 1985-06-21 | 1985-06-21 | smelting furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61295334A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07113516B2 (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1995-12-06 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Smelting furnace |
| JPH01290721A (en) * | 1988-05-16 | 1989-11-22 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Method for continuous smelting of sulfide metal ore |
| AUPN226095A0 (en) | 1995-04-07 | 1995-05-04 | Technological Resources Pty Limited | A method of producing metals and metal alloys |
| AUPP442598A0 (en) | 1998-07-01 | 1998-07-23 | Technological Resources Pty Limited | Direct smelting vessel |
| AUPP570098A0 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 1998-10-01 | Technological Resources Pty Limited | A direct smelting process |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS579408U (en) * | 1980-06-14 | 1982-01-18 | ||
| JPS57104634A (en) * | 1980-12-19 | 1982-06-29 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Refining method for metallic sulfide ore |
-
1985
- 1985-06-21 JP JP13528985A patent/JPS61295334A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS61295334A (en) | 1986-12-26 |
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