JPH0151334B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to an anti-condensation laminated material. More particularly, the present invention relates to laminated materials, particularly sheet materials, having surfaces with no or reduced condensation. [Prior Art] Tents, canopies, and the like are generally used to cover objects, people, etc. outdoors or in warehouses. This tent or canopy is generally made of a sheet-like material that has been subjected to waterproof treatment. Such waterproof sheet materials include breathable materials,
Some are non-breathable. For example, a breathable waterproof sheet material can be obtained by using cotton canvas as a base fabric and treating one or both sides thereof with paraffin, metal soap, a silicone waterproofing agent, a zirconium waterproofing agent, or the like. When such tarpaulin materials are used for applications such as tents, truck or ship canopies, due to their high breathability, the outside air and the air inside the space can easily circulate, and the temperature of the outside air can be lowered. When the temperature and humidity decrease,
The temperature and humidity of the interior space of the sheet material decrease accordingly, so that there is little condensation on the interior surface of the sheet material. However, breathable tarpaulins require the use of a relatively thick base fabric in order to achieve practical waterproofness.
The tarpaulin sheet itself is thick and heavy, making it inconvenient to handle. In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of breathable waterproof sheets, light and thin synthetic fiber cloth has come to be used as a base fabric. In general, synthetic fiber fabrics are hydrophobic and therefore cannot absorb water and swell, thereby occluding the fibers and interstices within the sheet material and exhibiting a waterproof effect. Therefore, when using a synthetic fiber sheet as a base fabric, it is recommended to form a non-water permeable thin film of synthetic resin or rubber material on one or both sides of the sheet to create a so-called non-breathable waterproof sheet. It is common. When such a non-breathable waterproof sheet is used for a tent or a canopy as described above, the circulation of air between the outside air and the inside space is blocked. Therefore, when the temperature of the outside air decreases, the tarpaulin itself is first cooled down and the temperature of its inner surface decreases, so that the water vapor in the inner space covered by the sheet material is cooled on the inner surface. It condenses and forms water droplets. A so-called dew condensation phenomenon occurs. The water droplets formed as described above gradually grow and become large droplets, and eventually fall into the inner space,
This can cause problems such as getting the people and objects inside wet or dirty. In order to prevent damage caused by the above-mentioned dew condensation phenomenon, the following methods have been considered. (1) A heat insulating layer, such as a foamed resin layer, is provided in the coating material to reduce the drop in inner temperature that accompanies a drop in outer temperature. However, in order to provide practically sufficient heat insulation, the above-mentioned heat insulating layer needs to have a considerable thickness, and therefore the covering material becomes extremely thick and heavy, making it impractical. (2) Heating the inner surface, for example using a surface heating element. Although this method is extremely effective in preventing dew condensation, it lacks versatility because the sheet itself is thick, heavy, and expensive. (3) Water droplets formed on the inner surface are absorbed and retained in the inner surface layer or are allowed to flow down along the inner surface. Although this method does not prevent dew condensation itself, it is effective in preventing water droplets from falling. However, this method is not completely satisfactory in practical terms because it may wet the article that is in contact with the inner surface of the sheet material. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated material that can practically prevent dew condensation. [Means, actions, and effects for solving the problems] The above objects can be achieved by the laminated material of the present invention. The anti-condensation laminate material of the present invention is formed from a thermally poorly conductive hydrophobic polymeric material,
and a thermally conductive layer forming the outermost surface;
It has a thermally conductive layer disposed on the opposite side and a heat ray reflective layer disposed between these two layers, and the thermally conductive layer has a thermal conductivity layer of 70 W/(m・K) or more. Powder of conductive material with a volume content of 5 to 80%,
and the heat-reflecting layer comprises a film-forming polymeric material and 10 to 200% by weight of titanium oxide, dispersed in the remaining amount of the film-forming polymeric material matrix. and powder of an infrared reflective substance. Furthermore, the laminated material of the present invention may further include a reinforcing layer made of a sheet-like fiber material and placed at any position between the thermally poor conductive layer and the thermally good conductive layer. . Since the laminated material of the present invention has remarkable practical effects especially when used as a flexible sheet, the present invention will be explained below using a flexible sheet as an example. Of course, the laminated material of the present invention is not limited to the form of a flexible sheet. The laminated material of the present invention, as illustrated in FIG.

【table】

[Table] Furthermore, since the outer surface of the thermally conductive layer constitutes the outer surface of the laminated material of the present invention, a desired pattern may be embossed on this outer surface, or it may be colored. It's okay. Alternatively, a surface layer consisting of any one or more polymer materials that can constitute a thermally conductive layer and a desired coloring agent may be laminated to form an integral thermally conductive layer as a whole. It's okay. The thickness of the surface layer is not particularly limited, but is generally preferably about 0.05 to 0.5 mm. The thermally conductive layer 2 preferably has a thermal conductivity higher than 0.35 W/(m·K), preferably 1.0 W/(m·K) or higher. If the laminated material is required to be flexible,
A powder of thermally conductive material is suspended in a matrix of film-forming polymeric material. As such a thermally conductive material, for example, the following materials are used. Material thermal conductivity (W/(m・K)) Aluminum 302 Iron 132 Copper 1220 Alumina 77~150 Carbon black 3000~10000 The thermally conductive material powder used in the present invention is 70W/(m・K) Above, more preferably
It has a thermal conductivity of 100W/(m・K) or more, and
Those having a particle size of 0.1 to 100 microns are preferred. The film-forming polymer material matrix for dispersing the thermally conductive material powder is not particularly limited as long as the resulting thermally conductive layer has a desired thermal conductivity; One can choose from polymeric materials for forming the layer. It is preferable that the thermally conductive material powders dispersed in such a thermally conductive layer are in contact with each other to form a thermally conductive system. The total volume of the conductive material powder needs to be 5% or more, preferably 10% or more. However, in order for the thermally conductive layer to exhibit practical flexibility, the total volume of the thermally conductive material powder must be 80% or less.
It is preferably 50% or less. For example, when 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride resin with a specific gravity of 1.3 is used as a matrix and 400 parts by weight of iron powder with a specific gravity of 7.5 is suspended in the matrix, the total volume of iron powder occupied in the resulting thermally conductive layer is approximately 60 parts by weight. ~70%. The heat ray reflective layer contained in the laminated material of the present invention is 70%
% or more, and more preferably 80% or more. The heat ray reflecting layer may be formed of a plate-like material such as barium sulfate or magnesium oxide when the laminated material is not required to have flexibility, but when the laminated material is required to be flexible, , the infrared reflective material may be dispersed in a matrix of film-forming polymeric material. In this case, titanium oxide is the main component, and Ba, Mg, Mn, and
Compounds of Pb, such as BaSO ₄ , MgO, MgF ₂ ,
Powder of an infrared reflective material containing at least one selected from the group consisting of MnO, MnO ₂ , PbO _{2 , SiO 2 ,} and yellow lead is added in an amount of 10 to 200% based on the weight of the matrix polymer material. , more preferably in a range of 15 to 150%.
The particle size of the powder of the infrared reflective material is not particularly limited, but is generally preferably 50 mesh size or smaller, more preferably 100 to 300 mesh size. The polymer material used to form the heat ray reflective layer is not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved, but examples include polyvinyl chloride, polyester, polyamide, synthetic rubber (e.g., polybutadiene, butadiene, etc.). - Select from ethylene copolymer, polychloroprene, polyisoprene, polyisobutylene, acrylic rubber, fluorine rubber (trifluorochloroethylene-vinylidene fluoride copolymer, etc.), chlorosulfonated polyethylene, natural rubber, etc. can do. The heat ray reflective layer in the laminated material of the present invention can have any thickness as long as its purpose can be achieved, but it is generally preferred to have a thickness in the range of 0.05 to 1.0 mm. The laminated material of the present invention may have a reinforcing layer made of fiber cloth provided at any position on the back surface side so as not to cover the outermost surface 1a of the thermally conductive layer. For example, in FIG. 2, the reinforcing layer 4
is provided between the heat ray reflective layer 3 disposed under the thermally conductive layer 1 and the thermally conductive layer 2 . Alternatively, a reinforcing layer may be disposed between the thermally conductive layer and the thermal edge reflective layer. Furthermore, in FIG. 3, the reinforcing layer 4 is placed on the back side of the thermally conductive layer 1, and then the heat ray reflective layer 3 and the thermally conductive layer 2 are placed in this order. In the laminated materials shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is arranged between the outermost layer with poor thermal conductivity and the outermost layer with good thermal conductivity. The reinforcing layer not only enhances the mechanical strength (tensile strength, tear strength, etc.) of the laminated material, but also acts as a heat insulating layer containing a large amount of air. It is effective in increasing sex. The reinforcing layer is made of sheet-like fibrous material, i.e. woven fabric,
It is composed of a knitted fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a composite fabric of two or more of these fabrics. Such fiber materials are
natural fibers such as cotton, linen, wool and other animal hair; regenerated fibers such as rayon or kyupra; synthetic fibers such as cellulose acetate fibers; synthetic fibers such as polyester fibers, acrylic fibers, water-insolubilized polyvinyl. Alcohol fiber, nylon 66 fiber, nylon 6 fiber, aromatic polyamide fiber, etc., and mineral fiber,
For example, it can be arbitrarily selected from glass fibers, metal fibers, and the like. Also, these fibers are
It may be in any form such as short fibers, long fibers, tape yarns, or split yarns. There is no particular limitation on the thickness of the reinforcing layer as long as it does not impede achievement of the purpose of the present invention, but it is generally 0.05 to 1.0.
It is preferable to have a thickness of mm or a basis weight of 50 to 1000 g/m ² . In the laminated material of the invention, another fibrous fabric layer may be arranged outside the thermally conductive layer. In this case, the fiber fabric layer has the effect of buffering the temperature difference between the outside air and the thermally conductive layer, and further promotes the effect of preventing dew condensation on the surface of the thermally conductive material. Even if condensation occurs on the surface of the thermally conductive layer, it will not be absorbed and form water droplets. The laminated material of the present invention can be manufactured by laminating each component layer by a normal lamination method. For example, each component layer may be formed in advance into a film (or sheet), which may be laminated and bonded to each other by heating and pressing using a calendar or the like. Or,
Liquid mixtures for forming each component layer may be prepared in advance, and these may be sequentially applied or impregnated onto a predetermined surface of the reinforcing layer, and then solidified. Next, the laminated material of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples. Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2 In Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2, the following component layers were formed. (1) Reinforcement layer Plain woven fabric manufactured from polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn (1000 denier/200 filament) with the following structure: 1000 ^D / 1 × 1000 ^D / 1 / 23 yarns / 25.4 mm × 25 yarns /
25.4mm was used. The basis weight of this plain woven fabric is 220g/m ² ,
It has a thickness of 0.34 mm and was refined and dried from gray using conventional methods. (2) Poor thermal conductivity layer and good thermal conductivity layers A and B
was formed using a film (thickness 0.1 mm) having the following composition.

[Table] Each of the above films can be adhered by heating and pressing at 175°C using a calendar roll. (3) Heat ray reflective layer A film (thickness 0.1 mm) having the following composition: Polyvinyl chloride 100 parts by weight DOP 60 Stabilizer (Cd-Ba type) 3 TiO ₂ 50 was used. This film can be attached by heating and pressing it to 175°C using a calendar roll. Alternatively, the plain woven fabric for the reinforcing layer is impregnated with a treatment liquid having the following composition: polyvinyl chloride 100 parts by weight DOP 60 stabilizer (Cd-Ba system) 3 TiO ₂ 50 toluene 100, dried at 190°C, and formed into a plain woven fabric. on both sides of
The coating was applied in a total amount of 130 g/m ² . Each of the above heat ray reflective layers exhibited a reflectance of 85% or more for infrared rays of 100 mμ. Laminated materials listed in Table 1 were created using each of the above component layers. Using each of these laminated materials, one sealed simple seat house (height 2
m, depth 2m) and calculate the internal temperature of each house.
After adjusting the conditions to 40°C and 80°CRH, this was left outdoors at a minimum temperature of 5°C overnight to evaluate the dew condensation prevention property of the inner surface of the house. The results are shown in Table 1.

【table】 [Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 3 are cross-sectional explanatory views of one embodiment of the laminated material of the present invention, respectively. 1... Heat poor conductive layer, 1a... Outermost surface, 2
... thermally conductive layer, 3 ... heat ray reflective layer, 4 ... reinforcing layer.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Formed from a thermally conductive hydrophobic polymer material,
and a thermally conductive layer forming the outermost surface;
It has a thermally conductive layer disposed on the opposite side, and a heat ray reflective layer disposed between these two layers, and the thermally conductive layer has a thermal conductivity layer of 70 W/(m・K) or more. a powder of a conductive material is dispersed in a volume content of 5 to 80% in a remaining amount of a film-forming polymeric material matrix; a polymeric material;
An anti-condensation laminated material containing 10 to 200% of its weight in powder of an infrared reflective substance whose main component is titanium oxide. 2. The laminated material according to claim 1, wherein the thermally poor conductive layer has a thermal conductivity of 0.35 W/(m·K) or less. 3. The laminate material according to claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive layer has a thermal conductivity higher than 0.35 W/(m·K). 4. The laminated material according to claim 3, wherein the volume content of the thermally conductive material powder in the thermally conductive layer is 10 to 50%. 5. The laminated material according to claim 1, wherein the heat ray reflective layer has an infrared reflectance of 70% or more. 6 A thermally conductive layer made of a thermally poorly conductive hydrophobic polymer material and forming the outermost surface, a thermally conductive layer disposed on the opposite side, and a layer between these two layers. arranged at any position between the arranged heat ray reflective layer, the thermally poor conductive layer and the thermally good conductive layer,
and a reinforcing layer made of a sheet-like fiber material, the thermally conductive layer having a volume content of 5 to 80% powder of a material having a thermal conductivity of 70 W/(m K) or more, the heat reflective layer is dispersed in a remaining amount of the film-forming polymeric material matrix;
An anti-condensation laminated material containing 10 to 200% of its weight in powder of an infrared reflective substance whose main component is titanium oxide.