JPH0153915B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0153915B2 JPH0153915B2 JP57101339A JP10133982A JPH0153915B2 JP H0153915 B2 JPH0153915 B2 JP H0153915B2 JP 57101339 A JP57101339 A JP 57101339A JP 10133982 A JP10133982 A JP 10133982A JP H0153915 B2 JPH0153915 B2 JP H0153915B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- iodide
- lithium
- methanol
- viscosity
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Description
この発明は、低温吸収式冷凍機に用いる吸収液
の組成に関するものである。
従来、低温吸収式冷凍機の吸収液としては臭化
リチウム水溶液（H2O−LiBr）が理想的な溶液
として広く用いられている。しかし、水を冷媒と
しているため０℃以下の冷水を得ることができ
ず、それ以下の冷水を得るためには他の冷媒を用
いなければならない。その一例としてアルコール
を冷媒としたメタノール一臭化リチウム
（CH3OH−LiBr）系溶液が用いられている。こ
の理由は主として冷媒の凝固点（−96℃）が水よ
り低く、その組成が臭化リチウム水溶液によく似
ていることによるものであるが、次表に示すよう
に、臭化リチウム水溶液と比べて粘度が非常に高
いという問題点がある。これは臭化リチウム１モ
ルとメタノール４モルとの間に弱い結合
（LiBr・4CH3OH）が生じるためと考えられ、粘
度増加の傾向はとくに高濃度領域で著しい。
The present invention relates to the composition of an absorption liquid used in a low-temperature absorption refrigerator. Conventionally, an aqueous lithium bromide solution (H 2 O-LiBr) has been widely used as an ideal absorption liquid for low-temperature absorption refrigerators. However, since water is used as a refrigerant, it is not possible to obtain cold water at temperatures below 0°C, and in order to obtain chilled water at temperatures below 0°C, other refrigerants must be used. As an example, a methanol lithium monobromide (CH 3 OH-LiBr) solution using alcohol as a refrigerant is used. The reason for this is mainly that the freezing point (-96℃) of the refrigerant is lower than that of water, and its composition is very similar to that of lithium bromide aqueous solution. The problem is that the viscosity is very high. This is thought to be due to the formation of a weak bond (LiBr.4CH 3 OH) between 1 mole of lithium bromide and 4 moles of methanol, and the tendency for viscosity to increase is particularly pronounced in the high concentration region.
【表】
このように、CH3OH−LiBr系溶液は高粘度で
あるため冷凍機の運転に際し、次のような欠点が
生じる。
１ 溶液循環ポンプに対する負荷が大きいため、
その性能及び寿命に悪影響を及ぼし、設備費や
電力費が増大する。
２ 吸収液の電熱管に対する濡れ性が劣り、熱効
率が低下する。
３ 吸収液表面の拡散性が悪く、吸収能力の低下
につながる。
４ 吸収能力低下により冷凍サイクルの効率が悪
くなる。
本発明者は上記欠点に鑑みて研究を重ねた結
果、メタノール−臭化リチウム系溶液に第三成分
としてアルカリ金属ヨウ化物を添加することによ
り吸収液の粘度が著しく減少することを見出し、
本発明を完成するに至つた。
即ち、この発明は、メタノール−臭化リチウム
系溶液にヨウ化カリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウムおよ
びヨウ化リチウムの１種又は２種以上を添加して
成ることを特徴とするものである。
アルカリ金属ヨウ化物のヨウ化カリウム、ヨウ
化ナトリウムおよびヨウ化リチウムはそれぞれ単
独で或いはその二種以上を組み合わせて添加す
る。
メタノール一臭化リチウム系溶液では上記の如
く、LiBr・4CH3OHの結合が生じ、粘土増加の
主因と考えられている。従つて、粘度低下のため
にはかかる結合を破る必要がある。この発明で第
三成分として使用するアルカリ金属ヨウ化物は、
カチオンとしてアルカリ金属、アニオンとしての
ヨウ素は何れも電荷密度の小さい大型イオンであ
つて、前記結合を破壊するため溶液の粘度低下の
効果を示すものと考えられる。
以下、本発明を図面と共に具体的に説明する。
第１図はメタノール一臭化リチウム系溶液にヨ
ウ化カリウムを添加したときの20℃における濃度
と粘度の関係を示すグラフである。濃度はメタノ
ール100ｇに対する臭化リチウムとヨウ化カリウ
ムとの溶解量（ｇ）で示し、臭化リチウムとヨウ
化カリウムの重量比をパラメータとしたものであ
る（以下、第２、第３図も同様である）。
図から明らかな如く、臭化リチウムに対するヨ
ウ化カリウムの重量比が大になるに従つて粘度低
下の効果は大きくなる。この場合、ヨウ化カリウ
ム自体のメタノールに対する溶解度が高くないた
め、臭化リチウムに対するヨウ化カリウムの添加
量が20重量％を越えると、メタノールに対する吸
収剤（LiBr＋KI）の溶解度が激減するので、ヨ
ウ化カリウムは臭化リチウムに対し１〜20重量％
添加するのが好ましい。
第２図はメタノール一臭化リチウム系溶液にヨ
ウ化ナトリウムを添加したときの濃度と粘度の関
係を示すグラフである。ヨウ化ナトリウムの場合
もヨウ化カリウムと同様に臭化リチウムに対する
重量比が大になると粘度低下の効果が大きくなる
が、メタノールに対する溶解度が小さいため、臭
化リチウムに対して10重量％を越えると吸収剤全
体としての溶解度が激減するので１〜10重量％の
添加が好ましい。
第３図はメタノール一臭化リチウム溶液にヨウ
化リチウムを添加したときの濃度と粘度との関係
を示すグラフである。ヨウ化リチウムはメタノー
ルに対する溶解度が大きい。従つて、臭化リチウ
ムに対する添加量を特に制限する必要がなく、如
何なる割合で添加混合しても、吸収剤全体として
の溶解性は良好である。図から明らかな如く、臭
化リチウムとヨウ化リチウムとの重量比が１：１
のときには溶液の粘度は元のメタノール一臭化リ
チウム系溶液の1/10程度に低下し、３：１のとき
でもその半分以下に低下する。
以上はメタノール一臭化リチウム系溶液に、ヨ
ウ化カリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウムおよびヨウ化リ
チウムをそれぞれ単独で添加した例について説明
したが、これらを互に組合せて使用しても同様の
効果が得られる。
この発明によれば、メタノール一臭化リチウム
系溶液にアルカリ金属ヨウ化物を添加することに
より吸収液の粘度を著しく低下させることができ
るので、次のような効果が得られる。
１ 吸収液の粘度低下により、電熱管上への濡れ
性が向上し、熱効率が上がる。
２ 粘度低下により、溶液循環ポンプにかかる負
荷が低減し、その性能や寿命が向上する。
３ 吸収液の拡散性が向上し、メタノールに対す
る系の吸収能力が増大し、これによつて冷凍サ
イクルの効率がよくなる。
４ また、吸収式ヒートポンプ用の吸収液として
も用いることができる。[Table] As described above, the high viscosity of the CH 3 OH-LiBr solution causes the following drawbacks when operating a refrigerator. 1. Due to the large load on the solution circulation pump,
Its performance and lifespan are adversely affected, and equipment and power costs increase. 2. The wettability of the absorption liquid to the electric heating tube is poor, resulting in a decrease in thermal efficiency. 3. Diffusivity of the absorption liquid surface is poor, leading to a decrease in absorption capacity. 4. Refrigeration cycle efficiency deteriorates due to decreased absorption capacity. As a result of repeated research in view of the above drawbacks, the present inventor found that the viscosity of the absorption liquid was significantly reduced by adding an alkali metal iodide as a third component to the methanol-lithium bromide solution.
The present invention has now been completed. That is, the present invention is characterized in that one or more of potassium iodide, sodium iodide, and lithium iodide are added to a methanol-lithium bromide solution. Potassium iodide, sodium iodide, and lithium iodide, which are alkali metal iodides, are added individually or in combination of two or more thereof. In the methanol lithium monobromide solution, as mentioned above, LiBr·4CH 3 OH bonds occur, which is considered to be the main cause of the increase in clay content. Therefore, it is necessary to break such bonds in order to reduce the viscosity. The alkali metal iodide used as the third component in this invention is
Both alkali metals as cations and iodine as anions are large ions with small charge densities, and are considered to have the effect of reducing the viscosity of the solution because they destroy the bonds. Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between concentration and viscosity at 20° C. when potassium iodide is added to a methanol lithium monobromide solution. The concentration is expressed as the amount (g) of lithium bromide and potassium iodide dissolved in 100 g of methanol, and the weight ratio of lithium bromide and potassium iodide is used as a parameter (hereinafter, the same applies to Figures 2 and 3). ). As is clear from the figure, the greater the weight ratio of potassium iodide to lithium bromide, the greater the effect of reducing viscosity. In this case, potassium iodide itself does not have a high solubility in methanol, so if the amount of potassium iodide added to lithium bromide exceeds 20% by weight, the solubility of the absorbent (LiBr + KI) in methanol will drastically decrease, so iodide Potassium is 1 to 20% by weight relative to lithium bromide.
It is preferable to add FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between concentration and viscosity when sodium iodide is added to a methanol lithium monobromide solution. In the case of sodium iodide, as with potassium iodide, the effect of reducing viscosity increases as the weight ratio to lithium bromide increases, but because of its low solubility in methanol, if it exceeds 10% by weight relative to lithium bromide, Since the solubility of the absorbent as a whole is drastically reduced, it is preferable to add 1 to 10% by weight. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between concentration and viscosity when lithium iodide is added to a methanol lithium monobromide solution. Lithium iodide has high solubility in methanol. Therefore, there is no need to particularly limit the amount added to lithium bromide, and the solubility of the absorbent as a whole is good no matter what ratio they are added and mixed. As is clear from the figure, the weight ratio of lithium bromide and lithium iodide is 1:1.
When the ratio is 3:1, the viscosity of the solution decreases to about 1/10 of the original methanol lithium monobromide solution, and even when the ratio is 3:1, the viscosity of the solution decreases to less than half that. The above describes an example in which potassium iodide, sodium iodide, and lithium iodide were added individually to a methanol lithium monobromide solution, but the same effect can be obtained by using them in combination. . According to this invention, by adding an alkali metal iodide to a methanol lithium monobromide solution, the viscosity of the absorption liquid can be significantly reduced, so that the following effects can be obtained. 1. Lowering the viscosity of the absorbing liquid improves its wettability onto the heating tube, increasing thermal efficiency. 2. Lower viscosity reduces the load on the solution circulation pump, improving its performance and lifespan. 3. The diffusivity of the absorption liquid is improved and the absorption capacity of the system for methanol is increased, thereby increasing the efficiency of the refrigeration cycle. 4 It can also be used as an absorption liquid for absorption heat pumps.
図面はこの発明の実施例を示し、第１図、第２
図及び第３図はメタノール一臭化リチウム系溶液
に、それぞれヨウ化カリウム、ヨウ化ナトリウ
ム、およびヨウ化リチウムを添加したときの20℃
における濃度と粘度の関係を示すグラフである。
The drawings show embodiments of the invention, FIGS. 1 and 2.
Figures 3 and 3 show the temperature at 20°C when potassium iodide, sodium iodide, and lithium iodide were added to a methanol lithium monobromide solution, respectively.
It is a graph showing the relationship between concentration and viscosity.
Claims (1)
リウム、ヨウ化ナトリウムおよびヨウ化リチウム
の１種又は２種以上を添加して成ることを特徴と
する低温吸収式冷凍機用吸収液。 ２ ヨウ化カリウムを臭化リチウムに対して１〜
20重量％添加する特許請求の範囲第１項の低温吸
収式冷凍機用吸収液。 ３ ヨウ化ナトリウムを臭化リチウムに対して１
〜10重量％添加する特許請求の範囲第１項の低温
吸収式冷凍機用吸収液。 ４ ヨウ化リチウムを臭化リチウムに対して１〜
100重量％添加する特許請求の範囲第１項の低温
吸収式冷凍機用吸収液。[Scope of Claims] 1. An absorber for a low-temperature absorption refrigerator characterized by adding one or more of potassium iodide, sodium iodide, and lithium iodide to a methanol-lithium bromide solution. liquid. 2 Potassium iodide to lithium bromide
An absorption liquid for a low-temperature absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, in which 20% by weight is added. 3 Sodium iodide to lithium bromide
The absorption liquid for a low-temperature absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, in which ~10% by weight is added. 4 Lithium iodide to lithium bromide
The absorption liquid for a low-temperature absorption refrigerator according to claim 1, which is added in an amount of 100% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57101339A JPS58219936A (en) | 1982-06-15 | 1982-06-15 | Absorption liquid for low temperature absorption refrigerators |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57101339A JPS58219936A (en) | 1982-06-15 | 1982-06-15 | Absorption liquid for low temperature absorption refrigerators |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58219936A JPS58219936A (en) | 1983-12-21 |
| JPH0153915B2 true JPH0153915B2 (en) | 1989-11-16 |
Family
ID=14298074
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57101339A Granted JPS58219936A (en) | 1982-06-15 | 1982-06-15 | Absorption liquid for low temperature absorption refrigerators |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58219936A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004024967A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-08 | Basf Ag | New absorption media for absorption heat pumps, absorption chillers and heat transformers |
| JP5166099B2 (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2013-03-21 | 出光興産株式会社 | Detector tube |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2224537A3 (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1974-10-31 | Prolomag Anstalt | Refrigerant for industrial and domestic use - which is safe and inoffensive even when accidentally absorbed |
| JPS5586862A (en) * | 1978-12-25 | 1980-07-01 | Agency Of Ind Science & Technol | Coolant and absorbent for absorption refrigeration system |
-
1982
- 1982-06-15 JP JP57101339A patent/JPS58219936A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS58219936A (en) | 1983-12-21 |
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