JPH0159682B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a sunlight lighting device that guides sunlight to a place where sunlight does not directly hit.

(Prior art) Generally, solar lighting devices are used to guide sunlight to underground facilities such as underground malls and basements, or to places where sunlight does not directly hit, such as the inside of houses in densely populated residential areas. Attitude control is usually performed in accordance with the movement of the sun. That is, in the sunlight lighting device described above, efforts have been made to improve the lighting efficiency.

As such a solar lighting device, for example, 10
The one shown in the figure is known. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 1 is a condensing lens that directs and converges sunlight to one point, and this converged sunlight is converted into parallel rays by a control lens 2, and this parallel ray is converted by a reflecting mirror 3. It is reflected toward the light guide direction.
The condensing lens 1 and the control lens 2 are connected to a rotating member 4
The driven gear 5 attached to the shaft is rotated by the first electric motor 6 to rotate in the azimuth direction, and the operating rod 7 is reciprocated by the second electric motor 8 to rotate in the elevation direction. There is.

By the way, in order to improve the lighting efficiency of this sunlight lighting device, the optical axes of the condenser lens 1 and the control lens 2 need to be parallel to the optical axis of sunlight. To do this, the movement of the sun is tracked by a sun tracking sensor 9 attached near the condensing lens 1, and based on the signal from the sun tracking sensor 9, the control unit 15 controls the first electric motor 6 and The second electric motor 8 is controlled to rotate the condensing lens 1 and the control lens 2 in the azimuth direction and the elevation direction.

Here, the sunlight that is collected by the condensing lens 1 and made into parallel light by the control lens 2 needs to be guided to a constant position regardless of the rotation of the condensing lens 1 and the control lens 2. Therefore, the sunlight that has become a parallel beam of light is always reflected by reciprocating the operating rod 17 by the third electric motor 16 provided on the rotating member 4 and rotating the reflecting mirror via the link mechanism 18. Light is guided to a certain position.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the solar tracking sensor 9 includes a substantially cylindrical main body 10 and a main body 1.
A base 11 provided at the base end of the main body 10, and a photoelectric element 12 for rough adjustment attached to the tip end of the main body 10.
and a photoelectric element 13 for fine adjustment attached to the side surface of the main body of the base 11. The photoelectric element 12 for coarse adjustment consists of a main photoelectric element 12a attached to the center of the tip of the main body 10, and four sub-photoelectric elements 12b attached to an inclined surface 14 formed at the tip. Main photoelectric element 12a
A difference is caused in the amount of light received by changing the light receiving angle between the main body 10 and the sub-photoelectric element 12b, and this difference in the amount of light received is used as a signal for detecting the rough direction of inclination of the main body 10 with respect to sunlight S. Further, four photoelectric elements 13 for fine adjustment are attached to the base 11 so as to be in contact with the side wall of the main body 10. The shadow of the main body 10 caused by sunlight causes a difference in the amount of light received between the photoelectric elements 13, and this difference in the amount of light received is used as a signal for detecting the accurate direction of inclination of the main body 10 with respect to the sunlight.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a conventional solar lighting device, in order to guide sunlight to a fixed position, the condenser lens 1 and the The control lens 2 is rotated in the azimuth direction by the first electric motor 6 and rotated in the elevation direction by the second electric motor 8 to control the attitude.
The reflecting mirror 3 was rotated by an electric motor 16 via a link mechanism. Therefore, after the posture is controlled by the first electric motor 6 and the second electric motor 8, the reflector 3 is further rotated by the third electric motor 16, which complicates the overall mechanism. There was a problem that energy consumption for driving the motors 6, 8, and 16 increased.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve these problems, the present invention includes a reflecting mirror that is swingably attached to a rotating shaft via a central axis, and A holding member is swingably attached to a shaft and has a solar tracking sensor for tracking the sun at its tip, and one end is connected to the base end of this holding member, and the other end is slid onto a reflecting mirror via a slider. A first link that is movably connected and has the same length as the first link, one end of which is slidably connected to the reflecting mirror via a slider, and the other end of which is connected to the reflecting mirror with respect to the central axis of the rotation axis. The second link is connected to a point having the same length as the length from the central axis to the base end of the holding member, and a drive source is provided on the rotating shaft and swings the holding member about the central axis. When the holding member is swung by a drive source to direct the solar tracking sensor toward the sun, sunlight is reflected by a reflecting mirror and guided to a fixed position.

(Operation) In order to direct the sun tracking sensor toward the sun, the holding member is swung by the drive source to control the attitude of the sun tracking sensor in the azimuth direction and the elevation direction.
At the same time as this attitude control, sunlight is reflected by a reflecting mirror and guided to a fixed position.

(Example) The present invention will be described below based on the drawings. 1st
9 to 9 are diagrams showing a sunlight lighting device according to the present invention.

First, the configuration will be explained. In FIGS. 1 to 3, reference numeral 21 is an acryl dome made of a regular hexahedral frame, and this acryl dome 21 is installed on the roof of a building via a support member 22. A rotation shaft 23 is attached between the upper and lower frames 21a and 21b of the acryl dome 21, and a rotation gear 24 and a slip ring 25 for preventing wire breakage due to twisting of the electric wire are attached to the upper part of this rotation shaft 23. installed. Further, the rotation shaft 23 is rotated by the first step motor 20 via a rotation gear 24. A coarse adjustment sensor 26 is provided at the upper end of the slip ring 25. As shown in FIG. 4, the rough adjustment sensor 26 is composed of a plate member 27 and a pair of light receiving elements W and E (for example, photodiodes) attached to both sides of the plate member 27. . The light receiving elements W and E have a light receiving angle of 120 degrees, and are mounted so that the center line of this light receiving angle is orthogonal to the center line of the plate member 27.

The rotation axis 23 has a central axis 28 perpendicular to this axis.
is rotatably attached. A pair of substantially rectangular reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 each having an arcuate long side are rotatably attached to the left and right halves of the central axis 28 . Furthermore, two approximately L-shaped holding members 31 and 32 are rotatably attached to the center of the central shaft 28 so as to sandwich the rotation shaft 23 therebetween. As shown in FIG. 1, fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are attached to the distal end surfaces of the holding members 31 and 32 at different levels. Therefore, even if one of the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 is in the shadow of the acryl dome 21, the other can receive sunlight.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 have a rectangular prism-shaped main body 35 that tapers so that the cross-sectional area increases from the distal end to the proximal end, and the main body 35. It consists of a guide member in the shape of a square piece 36 provided at the tip and a base 37 provided at the base end of this guide member. A first guide groove 38 having a substantially arc-shaped cross section is formed in each of the four side walls of the guide member 36 in the axial direction, and each of the four side walls on the proximal end side of the main body 35 is formed so as to face the first guide groove 38. A second guide groove 39 having a similar substantially arcuate cross section is formed in the axial direction. A light receiving element (for example, a photodiode) with a light receiving angle of 90° is installed on the base end side of the four second guide grooves 39.
is attached to this main body 35 by being partially fitted. The four light receiving elements w, e, u, d are a pair of facing light receiving elements w, e and light receiving elements u, d, and due to the shadow of the main body 35 caused by sunlight, this pair of light receiving elements w , e or u, d, and this difference in the amount of received light is used as a signal for detecting the accurate direction of inclination of the main body 35 with respect to sunlight.

The relationship between the light receiving angles of the light receiving elements W, E of the coarse adjustment sensor 26 and the light receiving elements w, e, u, d of the fine adjustment sensors 33, 34 is 120° for the light receiving elements W, E as shown in FIG. During the light receiving angle of , the light receiving element w,
A light receiving angle of 90° is located for e, u, and d.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, the proximal end of the holding member 31 has a length that is the same as the length from the central axis of the holding member 31 to the proximal end with reference to the central axis 28 of the rotation shaft 23. The points located at a distance are connected to one end of each of the first link 42 and second link 43 having the same length in a rotatable manner, and the other end of each is connected to the reflecting mirrors 29 and 3 via a slider 44.
0 and is slidably connected. The slider 44 has a bearing slidably fitted into a sliding groove 45 formed at the side end of the reflecting mirror 30. The rotation shaft 23 is equipped with a second step motor 4 as a drive source.
6 (otherwise linear motor etc.) is attached via a support member 47, this step motor 46 is connected to a screw shaft 48 via a universal joint 48a, and this screw shaft 48 is connected to a holding member via a ball screw 49. It is attached to 31. In order to rotate the fine adjustment sensor 33 by a predetermined angle, the second step motor 46 is driven to swing the holding member 31 by a predetermined angle θ, and at the same time, the first link 42 and the second link 43 are expanded or opened. After being reduced, the reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 are swung by an angle (1/2) x θ, which is half the predetermined angle.

Here, the first step motor 20 is connected to the reflecting mirror 2.
The second step motor 46 is used to swing the reflecting mirrors 29, 30 in the elevation direction via the link mechanism. The first step motor 20 and the second step motor 46 are driven as necessary by the control unit 50 based on signals output from the coarse adjustment sensor 46 and the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34.

The operation of this invention will be explained based on the flowchart shown in FIG. Note that P ₁ to _{P 14} in the figure indicate each step of the flowchart.

First, when the power of the solar lighting device is turned on, in step _P1 , the rough adjustment sensor 2 adjusts the sunlight at sunrise.
6, and the control unit 50 determines whether the amount of received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount of light that can track the sun.

When the amount of sunlight received is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount of sunlight, a difference occurs in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements W and E of the coarse adjustment sensor 26 due to shadows on the plate member 27 caused by sunlight. In step _P2 , the control unit 5 detects the difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements W and E.
A comparison operation is performed using 0, and the result of this comparison operation is outputted to the first step motor 20 as a drive signal.

In step _P3 , when the first step motor 20 inputs a drive signal, the rotation shaft 23 to which the coarse adjustment sensor 26 is attached is adjusted based on this drive signal.
rotate toward the sun in the azimuth direction. At this time, the reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 are rotated toward the sun in the azimuth direction.

When the rough adjustment sensor 26 roughly faces the sun, the sun is located within the light receiving angle of the light receiving elements w, e, u, d of the fine adjustment sensors 33, 34. Therefore, the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are enabled to receive sunlight, and in step _P4 , the control unit 50 determines whether the amount of received light is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount of light that can track the sun.

When the amount of sunlight received is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount of received light, a difference occurs in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements w and e of the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 due to the shadow of the main body 35 caused by the sunlight.

In step _P5 , the control unit 50 compares and calculates the difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements w and e, and outputs the result of this comparison calculation to the first step motor 20 as a drive signal.

In step _P6 , the first step motor 20 is driven based on this drive signal, and the first step motor 20 rotates the rotation shaft 23, and the fine adjustment sensor 33 is rotated by the first step motor 20 via the holding members 31 and 32. ，
34 is appropriately rotated in the azimuth direction toward the sun. At this time, the reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 are simultaneously appropriately rotated toward the sun in the azimuth direction.

Check in step _P7 whether the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are accurately facing the sun in the azimuth direction.
The difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements w and e is compared and calculated.

If there is no difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements w and e, it means that the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are facing the sun accurately, and in step _P8 the control unit 50 outputs a signal to control the first step motor. 2
Stops driving of 0.

When the drive of the first step motor 20 is stopped, in step _P9 , the control unit 50 compares and calculates the difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements u and d of the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34, and calculates the result of this comparison calculation. is output to the second step motor 46 as a drive signal.

In step _P10 , the second drive signal is
The step motor 46 is driven, and the holding members 31,
Fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 attached to 32 are appropriately rotated in the elevation direction toward the sun. At this time, when the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are rotated by an angle θ toward the sun, the reflecting mirrors 29 and 3
0 is always the angle (1/2) x θ via the link mechanism
is rotated only. Therefore, sunlight reflected by the reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 is always guided to a fixed position. Therefore, by simply controlling the attitude of the solar tracking sensors 33 and 34 in the azimuth and elevation directions by driving the first step motor 20 and the second step motor 46 in accordance with the movement of the sun, this device can be irradiated with light. The sunlight is reflected by the reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 and is always guided to a fixed position. As a result, the mechanism of this device as a whole can be simplified, and since only two step motors 20 and 46 are required, the energy consumption for driving them can be reduced.

Check whether the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are accurately facing the sun in the elevation direction in step _P11 .
The difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements u and d is compared and calculated.
If there is no difference in the amount of light received by the light receiving elements u and d, it means that the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are accurately facing the sun.

Here, in order to track the movement of the sun, the fine adjustment sensors 33 and 34 are controlled at predetermined intervals (for example, every 60 seconds). Therefore, in step _P12 , the control unit 50
A timer is installed to determine whether a predetermined time has elapsed.

In addition, after the sun sets, the fine adjustment sensors 33, 3
Since there is no need to control 4, it is necessary to stop this. Therefore, in step _P13 , the light receiving element w,
The control unit 50 determines whether the amounts of light received at e, u, and d are greater than or equal to a predetermined amount of light received. When the amount of light received by the light receiving elements w, e, u, d is equal to or greater than the predetermined amount of light received, the process returns to step _P5 and the fine adjustment sensor 3 is adjusted again to track the movement of the sun.
3 and 34.

If the amount of light received by the light receiving elements w, e, u, d is less than the predetermined amount of light, it is after sunset, so step
At _P14 , the drive of the second step motor 46 is stopped.

On the other hand, in the conventional solar lighting device described above, in order to rotate the reflecting mirror 3 via the link mechanism 18, the third electric motor 16 provided on the rotating member 4 is required to move the operating rod 17 back and forth. I decided to move it. Therefore, even if the operating rod 17 is reciprocated by the third rolling motor 16 provided on the rotating member 4, the rotating member 4 does not swing and the reflecting mirror 3 cannot be rotated. Can not. However, in the solar device according to the present invention, since the second step motor 46 provided on the rotating shaft 23 is connected to the base ends of the holding members 31 and 32 via the screw shaft 48, the second step motor 46 is
By driving the step motor 46, the holding member 31,
32 can swing and rotate the reflecting mirror 30.

Furthermore, if the reflecting mirror 11 is rotated by a step motor via a gear mechanism, the reflecting mirror 11 is rotated by a step motor via a gear mechanism.
9 and 30, the reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 move slightly due to the backlash of this gear mechanism, and the reflecting mirrors 29 and 20 reflect sunlight and guide it to a fixed position. I can't. However, in the sunlight lighting device according to the present invention, since the reflecting mirror 29 is rotated by the drive of the second step motor 46 without using a gear mechanism, the drive of the second step motor 46 is When stopped, the reflecting mirrors 29 and 30 are securely fixed and held.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, when the holding member is swung by the drive source and the solar tracking sensor is directed toward the sun, the sunlight is reflected by the reflector and fixed at a fixed position. Since the sunlight is guided, simply by controlling the attitude of the sun tracking sensor in the azimuth and elevation directions, the sunlight is reflected by the reflecting mirror and guided to a constant position. Therefore, the mechanism of this device as a whole can be simplified, and the number of driving sources can be reduced, so that the energy consumption for driving the device can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 9 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the solar lighting device according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of this solar lighting device, and FIG. 2 is a front view of this solar lighting device. , Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line - in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 a is a front view of the rough adjustment sensor, and Fig. 4
Figure b is a side view of the coarse adjustment sensor, Figure 5a is a front view of the fine adjustment sensor, Figure 5b is a side view of the fine adjustment sensor, Figure 6 is a perspective view of the fine adjustment sensor, and Figure 7 is a side view of the fine adjustment sensor. A diagram showing the light receiving angles of the light receiving elements of the coarse adjustment sensor and the fine adjustment sensor, FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the link mechanism of this sunlight lighting device, and FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of this sunlight lighting device. It's a chat. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a sunlight lighting device using a conventional solar tracking sensor, FIG. 11 is a side view of this conventional solar tracking sensor, and FIG. 12 is a plan view of this solar tracking sensor. 23... Rotation axis, 28... Central axis, 29, 30... Reflector, 31, 32... Holding member, 33, 34... Sun tracking sensor, 42... First link, 43... Second link, 44... Slider, 45 ...Drive source.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reflecting mirror that is swingably attached to a rotating shaft via a central axis; a holding member that is swingably attached to the central axis and has a sun tracking sensor at its tip for tracking the sun; A first link having one end connected to the base end of the holding member and the other end slidably connected to the reflecting mirror via a slider, and a first link having the same length as the first link and having one end connected to the reflecting mirror. a second link which is slidably connected via a slider and whose other end is connected to a point on the rotation axis having the same length as the length from the central axis to the base end of the holding member with reference to the central axis; A driving source is provided on the shaft and swings the holding member around the central axis. When the holding member is swung by this driving source and the solar tracking sensor is directed toward the sun, sunlight is reflected by the reflecting mirror. A solar lighting device characterized in that the light is reflected and guided to a certain position.