JPH0211638B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a lubricant used in metal processing other than drawing, wire drawing, cutting, grinding, and rolling in presses. Metal processing oils such as drawing oil, wire drawing oil, cutting oil, grinding oil, and press oil are generally animal and vegetable oils, mineral oils, or mixtures thereof, as well as oiliness improvers, extreme pressure additives, rust preventives, and antioxidants. It is used as it is or as a 1 to 50% emulsion with the addition of emulsifiers, etc., but as processing machines become larger and more precise, the hardness of metal materials increases, processing conditions become faster and higher pressure, and the finished surface of the product becomes more difficult. Processing conditions are becoming more and more severe as a result of advances in precision, and at present, conventional lubricants are no longer suitable for use under these harsh conditions. In other words, there is a growing demand for the development of even higher performance lubricants. The present inventors conducted intensive research focusing on these points, developed castor oil esters and derivatives thereof, discovered that they were extremely excellent as metal rolling oils, and filed a patent application. I went. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-20430, Japanese Patent Application No. 110192-1982, Patent Application No. 54-88708) Subsequently, as a result of continued research on these, a polymer of castor oil or an ester of an alkylene oxide adduct of castor oil and an unsaturated fatty acid was produced. It has been found that it has excellent performance as a lubricant for use in metal processing other than drawing, wire drawing, cutting, grinding, and rolling in presses. In other words, in metal processing such as drawing, wire drawing, cutting, grinding, and pressing, metal rolling supplies rolling oil to the biting part between the rolled material and the roll, and the rolling oil is forcibly removed by the movement of the rolled material and the rotation of the roll. is drawn into the lubricating part and machining is performed using fluid lubrication. Fluid lubrication is also performed, but extreme pressure lubrication or boundary lubrication is used because extremely high pressure is applied to some parts or new surfaces of metal are created. It is being done.
Particularly in cutting and grinding processes, high pressure is applied locally and a large amount of new surface is generated at high speed, so it is impossible to perform the process with fluid lubrication alone, and extreme pressure lubrication has a large weight, so a large amount of extreme pressure addition is required. agent is added. In addition, high pressure is applied to the parts that are deformed during pressing and drawing processes, and fluid lubrication alone cannot
Rapid and accurate processing is not possible, and the addition of extreme pressure additives is required. As mentioned above, metal processing such as drawing, wire drawing, cutting, grinding, and pressing requires different performance from rolling processing, and as a result of studying lubricants that can be used for these processing, we came up with the invention of the present application. be. The compound of the present invention consists of (A) castor oil (B) castor oil to which alkylene oxide has been added.
It is obtained by thermally polymerizing a reaction product obtained by esterifying at least one selected from (A) and (B) and an unsaturated fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and whose viscosity at 40°C is The present invention relates to a lubricant for metal processing other than metal rolling processing, which has excellent lubrication performance and is characterized by using a polymer having a weight of 300 to 2000 cst. The present invention uses the above-mentioned polymer as a main component, and if necessary,
A mixture of animal and vegetable oils, mineral oils, antioxidants, and surfactants can be used. The alkylene oxide-added castor oil of the present invention can be obtained by adding alkylene oxide to castor oil by a conventional method. At least one species selected from (A) and (B) and the number of carbon atoms
The reaction product obtained by the reaction with 12 to 24 unsaturated fatty acids or esters can be obtained by an esterification reaction using a conventional method. Representative unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 24 carbon atoms include oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaidic acid, ricinolenic acid, ricinoelaidic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, erucic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. , mixtures thereof may also be used. In addition, these fatty acids may be used as they are in the esterification reaction, but the desired ester can also be obtained by using them as esters of short-chain alcohols and performing transesterification. Also,
Thermal polymerization of the unsaturated ester obtained from (A), (B) and an unsaturated fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms is carried out by a conventional method, but the polymerization reaction of the present invention The double bonds of the acid and the double bonds of the unsaturated fatty acid reacted separately are involved in a complex manner, but by controlling the reaction conditions, it is possible to achieve a viscosity suitable for the metalworking lubricant of the present invention. It is possible to obtain a polymer with That is, thermal polymerization of the unsaturated ester is carried out at 150 to 300°C in a stream of N ₂ gas or CO ₂ gas, for example.
By reacting for 5 to 30 hours until the desired viscosity is reached, an unsaturated ester polymer suitable for metalworking lubricants can be obtained. The polymer used in the present invention has a temperature of 300 to 300 at 40°C.
A lubricant with a viscosity of 2000 centistokes (hereinafter abbreviated as "cst") is preferable, and when used as a metalworking lubricant, it has good metalworking properties such as seizure load and lubricity, and has excellent metalworking performance. demonstrate. Polymerized oil with a viscosity of less than 300cst (40℃) has insufficient pressure resistance and lubricity, and is difficult to use for drawing, wire drawing,
Seizure defects tend to occur during metal processing such as cutting, grinding, pressing, etc., and good metal processing performance cannot be obtained.
Furthermore, although polymers with a viscosity exceeding 2000 cst (40°C) have good metal workability and lubricity, they have extremely poor degreasing properties after processing, and therefore, when surface treatments such as plating are performed on them, they are difficult to plating. This will cause negative effects such as poor adhesiveness. The polymer thus obtained can be used as it is as a lubricant for metal processing such as drawing, wire drawing, cutting, grinding, and pressing, and exhibits excellent performance. It can also be used in combination with other metalworking oils. The present invention will be explained below using examples. Example 1 935 parts of castor oil, 733 parts of oleic acid, and 16 parts of paratoluenesulfonic acid were heated at 150 to 160°C under a nitrogen gas stream.
Reacted for 8 hours, acid value 7.8, hydroxyl value 3.2, viscosity
An ester of 110cst (40°C) was obtained. This ester was thermally polymerized at 260-270℃ for 20 hours,
A polymer having a viscosity of 1050cst (40°C) was obtained. Example 2 Castor oil with 30 moles of ethylene oxide added
2255 parts of oleic acid, 733 parts of oleic acid, and 30 parts of para-toluenesulfonic acid were reacted at 130 to 140°C for 6 hours under a nitrogen gas stream to obtain an acid value of 6.5, a hydroxyl value of 4.8, and a viscosity of 102 cst (40
℃) was obtained. This ester was thermally polymerized at 220-230℃ for 15 hours,
A polymer having a viscosity of 620cst (40°C) was obtained. Example 3 935 parts of castor oil, 733 parts of distilled bran fatty acid, and 12 parts of para-toluenesulfonic acid were mixed under a nitrogen gas stream.
React at 150-180℃ for 6 hours, acid value 1.0, hydroxyl value
1.8, an ester with a viscosity of 100cst (40°C) was obtained. Subsequently, this ester was further thermally polymerized at 240 to 260°C for 15 hours to obtain a polymer having a viscosity of 800cst (40°C). Example 4 3835 parts of castor oil with 50 moles of propylene oxide added, 733 parts of distilled bran fatty acid, 45.5 parts of para-toluenesulfonic acid, 140-150 parts under nitrogen gas flow
Reacted at ℃ for 7 hours, acid value 3.6, hydroxyl value 4.2, viscosity
An ester of 115cst (40°C) was obtained. This ester was heated at 240 to 260°C for 16 hours to carry out thermal polymerization to obtain a polymer having a viscosity of 750 cst (40°C). Example 5 935 parts of castor oil, 580 parts of distilled fish oil fatty acid (IV152)
15 parts of paratoluenesulfonic acid were reacted for 7 hours at 140 to 150°C under a nitrogen gas stream to obtain an ester having an acid value of 3.0, a hydroxyl value of 37.0, and a viscosity of 180 cst (40°C). This ester was thermally polymerized at 220-230°C for 17 hours,
A polymer having a viscosity of 1580cst (40°C) was obtained. As a lubrication performance test of the polymers of Examples 1 to 5,
Friction coefficient (μ), pressure resistance (seizure load), ring compression test, drawing test, cutting test, and wire drawing test were conducted. 1 Friction coefficient (μ) is measured using Soda pendulum type oil tester.
The seizure load of the N2 type was measured using a Schiel high-speed four-ball friction test. As a comparative example, the same measurements as above were performed using #60 spindle oil and pentaerythritol oleate. The results are shown in Table-1.

【table】

[Table] 2 Ring Compression Test A ring compression test was conducted under the following conditions, and the results are shown using the friction coefficient. As a comparative example, a test was conducted in the same manner as above using pentaerythritol oleate, and the results are shown in Table 2. Testing machine: Universal material testing machine Compression load: 80t Compression material: Ring material of 20mm outer diameter x 10mm inner diameter x 5mm height S50C Sample: Compound example of Example 1 Compound example 2 Compound example 3 Compound 4 The measurement results are shown in Table 2.

[Table] 3. Drawing test A drawing test was conducted under the following conditions, and the results are shown in Table 3 in terms of drawing load and number of seizures. As a comparative example, a similar test was conducted using a commercially available product (Jeyonson JP105). Test machine: Draw bench drawing speed: 1 m/min Drawing material: S45-C Diameter 7 mm x Length 1000 mm Sample: Compound of Example-1: Machine oil = 50 parts: 50 parts Compound of Example-2: 〃 = 〃: 〃 Compound of Example-3: 〃 = 〃: 〃 Compound of Example-5: 〃 = 〃: 〃 Jiyeonson JP105: 〃 = 〃: 〃 (Commercial product) Judgment method: Steel material with a diameter of 7.0 mm is The pull-out resistance and number of seizures were measured when the steel material was made into mm steel material. Dice temperature: 100℃

[Table] 4 Cutting test A cutting test was conducted under the following conditions, and the results are shown in Table 4 in terms of the number of cutting materials that could be cut per tool.
It was shown to. As a comparative example, a cutting test was conducted in the same manner as above using a commercially available product (Shoseki Cut Solve Oil). Cutting speed: 70m/min Machining speed: 8μ/min Cutting material: Free-cutting stainless steel SAE 51-416F Cutting tool: SKH-4B Oil flow rate: 1/min Judgment: Number of cutting materials that can be cut with one tool Judgment sample: The compounds of Examples 1, 3, 6, and 7 of the present invention were blended as cutting oils as follows. Compound A Compound #60 spindle oil emulsifier of Example-1 30 parts 60 parts 10 parts Compound B Compound #60 spindle oil emulsifier of Example-2 30 parts 60 parts 10 parts Compound C Compound # of Example-3 60 Spindle oil emulsifier 30 parts 60 parts 10 parts Compound D Compound of Example-4 #60 Spindle oil emulsifier 30 parts 60 parts 10 parts Commercial product Shoseki cutlet soluble oil

[Table] 5 Wire drawing test A wire drawing test was conducted under the following conditions, and the results are shown in Table 5 in terms of the number of wire breaks. As a comparative example, a test similar to the above was conducted using a commercially available product (Jeyonson JP105). Wire drawing material: 30μ diameter aluminum ultrafine wire Judgment: 30μ diameter aluminum ultrafine wire 25μ diameter
Measurement of the number of wire breaks due to entrainment during drawing into an ultra-fine wire Sample: The compounds of Examples 2, 3, and 5 of the present invention were blended as follows. Compound D Compound #60 spindle oil of Example-2 10 parts 90 parts Compound E Compound #60 spindle oil of Example-3 10 parts 90 parts Compound F Compound #60 spindle oil of Example-5 10 parts 90 Part combination product G Jiyeonson JP105 #60 spindle oil 10 parts 90 parts

[Table] Example 6 An esterification reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 using 935 parts of castor oil, 733 parts of oleic acid, and 16 parts of PTSA to produce an ester with an acid value of 6.9, a hydroxyl value of 2.7, and a viscosity of 114 cst (40°C). I got it. Next, this ester was subjected to a polymerization reaction at 260 to 270°C for 3 to 50 hours, and samples were taken as appropriate during the reaction.
237cst (polymer 6-1), 365cst (polymer 6-2),
806cst (polymer 6-3), 1620cst (polymer 6-4),
1940cst (polymer 6-5), 2310cst (polymer 6-6)
Polymers having various viscosities were obtained. The obtained polymers 6-1 to 6-6 and machine oil
Using a mixture of 50:50 (weight ratio), a drawing test was conducted using the method shown in Example 5, and a degreasing test was conducted using the method shown below. The results are shown in Table-6.

[Table] Degreasing test method Polymers 6-1 to 6-6 were applied to a test piece (SPC-C, 100 mm x 50 mm x 0.3 mm), and the adhesion amount was 500 mg/m ² )
Apply it so that it looks like this. Next, an alkaline cleaning solution (a 9:1 mixture of 10 mole EO adducts of sodium orthosilicate and nonylphenol) with a liquid temperature of 80°C and a concentration of 5% by weight was sprayed for 30 seconds on the surface of the test piece coated with the above sample. After cleaning the surface of the test piece, the test piece was washed with water and dried. The degreasing rate was calculated from the amount of sample oil applied to the test piece and the weight loss after washing, and the degreasing performance was evaluated according to the following criteria. The degreasing rate was measured five times for the same sample oil, and the average value was used. Evaluation criteria A: Degreasing rate 98% or more B: 95-98% C: 90-95% D: 90% or less.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 (A) Castor oil (B) Castor oil to which alkylene oxide has been added
It is obtained by thermally polymerizing a reaction product obtained by esterifying at least one selected from (A) and (B) and an unsaturated fatty acid having 12 to 24 carbon atoms, and whose viscosity at 40°C is Drawing processing, wire drawing processing characterized by using a polymer having a diameter of 300 to 2000cst,
Metal processing lubricant used for cutting, grinding, and press processing.