JPH0212329B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0212329B2 JPH0212329B2 JP1041284A JP1041284A JPH0212329B2 JP H0212329 B2 JPH0212329 B2 JP H0212329B2 JP 1041284 A JP1041284 A JP 1041284A JP 1041284 A JP1041284 A JP 1041284A JP H0212329 B2 JPH0212329 B2 JP H0212329B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flame
- thermocouple
- combustion
- burner
- flame hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000001408 Carbon monoxide poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/003—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties
- F23N5/006—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to combustion gas properties the detector being sensitive to oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は空気中の酸素濃度が低下し、酸欠状態
となる以前バーナへのガス供給を停止して、一酸
化炭素中毒の発生を防止する酸欠安全装置に関す
るもである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention is an acid method that prevents carbon monoxide poisoning by stopping the gas supply to the burner before the oxygen concentration in the air decreases and oxygen deficiency occurs. It also concerns the lack of safety equipment.
従来例の構成とその問題点
第１図〜第４図に従来例を示す。１は複数個の
炎孔２を設けたセラミツクバーナであり、２′は
火炎である。３は熱電対Ａであり、パイロツトバ
ーナ４の火炎４′により加熱される。５は第２の
熱電対Ｂでありセラミツクバーナ炎孔２近傍に位
置している。なお、熱電対Ａ３、熱電対Ｂ５の一
端は互いに接続されており、起電力は逆極性とな
るように連結されている。他端はガス回路を
「開」「閉」する安全弁６に接続されており、酸欠
安全装置を構成している。７はセラミツクバーナ
１を燃焼させる点火装置である。Structure of the conventional example and its problems FIGS. 1 to 4 show the conventional example. 1 is a ceramic burner provided with a plurality of flame holes 2, and 2' is a flame. 3 is a thermocouple A, which is heated by the flame 4' of the pilot burner 4. 5 is a second thermocouple B, which is located near the ceramic burner flame hole 2. Note that one ends of the thermocouple A3 and the thermocouple B5 are connected to each other so that the electromotive force has opposite polarity. The other end is connected to a safety valve 6 that opens and closes the gas circuit, forming an oxygen deficiency safety device. 7 is an ignition device that causes the ceramic burner 1 to burn.
上記構成において、セラミツクバーナ１の各炎
孔２及びパイロツトバーナ４へガスと空気の予混
合気が供給され、点火装置７が作動すればセラミ
ツクバーナ１及びパイロツトバーナ４において火
炎２′及び４′を形成する。したがつてこれらの火
炎２′及び４′に接している熱電対Ｂ５及び熱電対
Ａ３にはそれぞれ熱起電力が発生する。両者の熱
起電力は例えば次のように設定される。 In the above configuration, a premixture of gas and air is supplied to each flame hole 2 and pilot burner 4 of the ceramic burner 1, and when the ignition device 7 is activated, flames 2' and 4' are generated in the ceramic burner 1 and the pilot burner 4. Form. Therefore, thermoelectromotive force is generated in thermocouple B5 and thermocouple A3, which are in contact with these flames 2' and 4', respectively. Both thermoelectromotive forces are set as follows, for example.
熱電対Ａ３……22mV、熱電対Ｂ５……10mV。 Thermocouple A3...22mV, thermocouple B5...10mV.
この条件では安全弁６に十分な電流が流れ、ガ
ス回路は「開」になり、燃焼が継続される。熱電
対Ａ３と熱電対Ｂ５の起電力差（ΔE）が3mV以
下になれば安全弁６が働き、ガス回路は「閉」に
なり、燃焼を停止させるものである。さて、一般
的には室内の酸素濃度が次第に減少した場合（例
えば換気無しの場合）は燃料の燃焼速度が小さく
なり、火炎２′及び４′は伸びさらにリフト気味と
なり、やがてCOの発生が著しくなる。第４図に
酸素濃度変化に対する各熱電対の熱起電力の変化
の例を示した。酸素濃度変化に対して主となるバ
ーナ（本例ではセラミツクバーナ）の変化は少な
く熱電対Ｂの起電力はほとんど変化しない。一方
パイロツト炎に臨ませた熱電対Ａの起電力変化は
大きく設定されているが燃焼性の良いガスでは変
化は少ない。例えば水素の多い都市ガスでは第４
図のように変化し安全弁６を「閉」にする起電力
差（ΔE＝3mV）になかなか到達しない（酸素濃
度15％を割る場合もある。）したがつてCOが多量
に発生しても安全弁６は「開」のままで、燃焼を
継続することがある。この傾向は６Ｂ，６Ｃ等、
燃焼速度の比較的大なる燃料に顕著で酸欠安全装
置としては不安定なものであつた。 Under this condition, sufficient current flows through the safety valve 6, the gas circuit becomes "open", and combustion continues. When the electromotive force difference (ΔE) between thermocouple A3 and thermocouple B5 becomes 3 mV or less, safety valve 6 is activated, the gas circuit is "closed", and combustion is stopped. Now, generally speaking, when the oxygen concentration in the room gradually decreases (for example, when there is no ventilation), the combustion speed of the fuel decreases, flames 2' and 4' grow and lift slightly, and eventually CO is generated significantly. Become. FIG. 4 shows an example of changes in thermoelectromotive force of each thermocouple with respect to changes in oxygen concentration. The main burner (ceramic burner in this example) changes little with respect to changes in oxygen concentration, and the electromotive force of thermocouple B hardly changes. On the other hand, the change in electromotive force of thermocouple A facing the pilot flame is set to be large, but the change is small in the case of a gas with good combustibility. For example, in city gas that contains a lot of hydrogen,
The electromotive force difference (ΔE = 3 mV) that changes as shown in the figure and closes the safety valve 6 is not easily reached (oxygen concentration may be less than 15%). Therefore, even if a large amount of CO is generated, the safety valve 6 may remain "open" and continue combustion. This tendency is 6B, 6C, etc.
This was noticeable for fuels with a relatively high burning rate, and was unstable as an oxygen deficiency safety device.
発明の目的
本発明は従来の問題点を解決するもので、燃焼
速度が大で比較的火炎の変化が起りにくいガス燃
料についても低酸素濃度時には燃焼を停止させ、
不完全燃焼を防止することを目的としたものであ
る。Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves the problems of the prior art.It is an object of the present invention to stop combustion when the oxygen concentration is low, even for gas fuels that have a high combustion speed and are relatively difficult to change flame.
The purpose is to prevent incomplete combustion.
発明の構成
この目的を達成するために本発明はセラミツク
バーナの炎孔近傍に設けた熱電対に対応する炎孔
間ピツチを他よりも密にすると共にこの炎孔部分
の厚みを他の炎孔より薄くすることにより低酸素
濃度下での火炎の伸びを増巾させ、熱電対起電力
の差を急激に縮少させ確実安全な酸欠動作を得る
ものである。Structure of the Invention In order to achieve this object, the present invention makes the pitch between the flame holes corresponding to the thermocouples provided near the flame hole of a ceramic burner denser than other flame holes, and the thickness of this flame hole portion is made smaller than that of other flame holes. By making it thinner, the elongation of the flame under low oxygen concentration is increased, the difference in thermocouple electromotive force is rapidly reduced, and reliable and safe oxygen-deficient operation is obtained.
実施例の説明
以下、本発明の一実施例を第５図〜第８図を用
いて説明する。１１は複数個の炎孔１２（肉厚
t1，炎孔間距離l1）を設けたセラミツクバーナで
ある。１３は炎孔１２から形成される火炎であ
る。１４は熱電対Ｂであり、炎孔１５（肉厚t2、
炎孔間距離l2）の近傍に位置している。なお炎孔
１５はセラミツクバーナ１１の一部分であり、t2
＜t1l2＜l1の寸法関係を保持している。各部の寸
法は例えば次のようなものである。炎孔１２及び
炎孔１５の径を１mm
t1＝13mm，t2＝５mm，l1＝2.5mm，l2＝1.5mm１６
は炎孔１５から形成される火炎であり、１７は低
酸素濃度時の火炎である。尚、炎孔間距離l2は定
常時は火炎１６は独立して存在するが設定された
酸素濃度では互いに重なり合い火炎１７に変化す
る値に設定されている。他は第１図と同様であ
る。即ち、熱電対Ｂ１４及び熱電対Ａ３の一端は
互いに接続されており熱起電力は逆極性となつて
いる。他端はガス回路を「開」「閉」する安全弁
６に接続されており、酸欠安全回路を構成してい
る。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8. 11 is a plurality of flame holes 12 (thickness
t 1 and distance between flame holes l 1 ). 13 is a flame formed from the flame hole 12. 14 is a thermocouple B, which has a flame hole 15 (thickness t 2 ,
It is located near the flame hole distance l 2 ). Note that the flame hole 15 is a part of the ceramic burner 11, and t 2
The dimensional relationship of <t 1 l 2 < l 1 is maintained. For example, the dimensions of each part are as follows. The diameter of flame hole 12 and flame hole 15 is 1 mm t 1 = 13 mm, t 2 = 5 mm, l 1 = 2.5 mm, l 2 = 1.5 mm16
is a flame formed from the flame hole 15, and 17 is a flame when the oxygen concentration is low. Incidentally, the distance l 2 between the flame holes is set to a value such that the flames 16 exist independently in steady state, but at a set oxygen concentration, they overlap each other and change to flames 17. The rest is the same as in FIG. That is, one ends of thermocouple B14 and thermocouple A3 are connected to each other, and the thermoelectromotive force has opposite polarity. The other end is connected to a safety valve 6 that opens and closes the gas circuit, forming an oxygen deficiency safety circuit.
上記構成において、セラミツクバーナ１１の各
炎孔１２，１５へガスと空気の予混合気が供給さ
れ、点火装置７が作動すればセラミツクバーナ１
１の全表面で燃焼火炎１３及び１６を形成する。
この時熱電対Ａ３、熱電対Ｂ１４ともに熱起電力
を発生する。両者の熱起電力は例えば次のように
設定される。 In the above configuration, a premixture of gas and air is supplied to each flame hole 12, 15 of the ceramic burner 11, and when the ignition device 7 is activated, the ceramic burner 1
Combustion flames 13 and 16 are formed on the entire surface of 1.
At this time, thermocouple A3 and thermocouple B14 both generate thermoelectromotive force. Both thermoelectromotive forces are set as follows, for example.
熱電対Ａ３…22mV、熱電対Ｂ１４…10mV。 Thermocouple A3...22mV, thermocouple B14...10mV.
この条件では安全弁６に十分な電流が流れ、ガ
ス回路は「開」になり燃焼が継続される。熱電対
Ａ３と熱電対Ｂ１４の起電力差ΔEが3mV以下に
なれば安全弁１６が閉じ、ガス回路は「閉」にな
り燃焼を停止させるものである。 Under this condition, sufficient current flows through the safety valve 6, the gas circuit is "open", and combustion continues. When the electromotive force difference ΔE between thermocouple A3 and thermocouple B14 becomes 3 mV or less, the safety valve 16 closes, the gas circuit becomes "closed" and combustion is stopped.
さて室内のO2濃度が次第に減少した場合（例
えば換気無しでバーナを運転した場合）は燃料の
燃焼速度が小さくなり、セラミツクバーナ１１の
燃焼火炎はリフトしやすくなる。そのため熱電対
Ａ３及び熱電対Ｂ１４の熱起電力は変化する。
（第７図参図）
特に熱電対Ｂ１４の近傍では炎孔１５、厚さt2
が他より小さいので混合気の噴出速度が他より幾
分大であり、又、炎孔間距離l2も他より小さいた
め、混合気の噴出量が比較的大となつている。そ
のためO2濃度が低下した場合は各炎孔１５から
の火炎が伸長し隣接する火炎同志が干渉するた
め、より上方に火炎が伸びやすくなる（火炎１６
→１７）。したがつて熱電対Ｂ１４は火炎１７か
らの受熱量が多くなりO2濃度が火炎１６が干渉
する濃度になると急激に火炎は伸び起電力は増大
する。そして第７図に示すように設定された起電
力圧ΔEに達し安全弁が働き、ガス回路を遮断し、
燃焼を停止する。このように熱起電力の急激な変
化を実現することによりバーナが不完全燃焼する
前に燃焼を停止する。よつて人体あるいは器具の
安全を保つことができる。又、バーナとしてセラ
ミツクバーナを使用しているので炎孔部の肉厚
ｔ、炎孔間距離ｌを自由に設定することができ
る。 Now, when the O 2 concentration in the room gradually decreases (for example, when the burner is operated without ventilation), the combustion speed of the fuel decreases, and the combustion flame of the ceramic burner 11 becomes easier to lift. Therefore, the thermoelectromotive force of thermocouple A3 and thermocouple B14 changes.
(See Figure 7) Especially near thermocouple B14, the flame hole 15 and the thickness t 2
is smaller than the others, so the jetting speed of the mixture is somewhat higher than the others, and the distance l 2 between the flame holes is also smaller than the others, so the amount of the mixture jetting out is relatively large. Therefore, if the O 2 concentration decreases, the flame from each flame hole 15 will expand and the adjacent flames will interfere with each other, making it easier for the flame to spread upwards (flame 16
→17). Therefore, the thermocouple B14 receives a large amount of heat from the flame 17, and when the O 2 concentration reaches a concentration where the flame 16 interferes, the flame suddenly stretches and the electromotive force increases. Then, as shown in Figure 7, the set electromotive force pressure ΔE is reached and the safety valve operates, cutting off the gas circuit.
Stop combustion. By realizing a rapid change in thermoelectromotive force in this way, combustion is stopped before the burner reaches incomplete combustion. Therefore, the safety of the human body or equipment can be maintained. Furthermore, since a ceramic burner is used as the burner, the thickness t of the flame hole portion and the distance l between the flame holes can be set freely.
第８図は熱電対Ａもセラミツクバーナの炎孔近
傍に配したものであり、t1・l1の炎孔部に配設さ
れ、前例より応答は遅れるが略同様に作動する。 In FIG. 8, thermocouple A is also placed near the flame hole of the ceramic burner, and it is placed in the flame hole portion of t1 · l1 , and although the response is delayed compared to the previous example, it operates in substantially the same way.
発明の効果
本発明はセラミツクバーナの炎孔近傍に配設し
た熱電対又はその１つを、その熱電対に対応する
複数個の炎孔の炎孔間距離l2、肉厚t2を他より小
さくすることによつて次の効果を得ることができ
る。Effects of the Invention The present invention provides a thermocouple disposed near the flame hole of a ceramic burner, or one of the thermocouples, with a distance l 2 between flame holes and a wall thickness t 2 of a plurality of flame holes corresponding to the thermocouple compared to other flame holes. By making it smaller, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) ６Ｂ，６Ｃ等燃焼速度の比較的大なるガス燃
料に対しても低O2濃度時には不完全燃焼する
前に確実に燃焼を停止することができる。(1) Even for gas fuels with relatively high combustion speeds such as 6B and 6C, combustion can be reliably stopped before incomplete combustion occurs at low O 2 concentrations.
(2) 炎孔部の炎孔間距離，肉厚を比較的自由に設
定できるので各ガス種に対応できる。(2) The distance between the flame holes and the wall thickness of the flame hole portion can be set relatively freely, so it can be adapted to various gas types.
第１図は従来例の酸欠安全装置の概略正面図、
第２図は同酸欠安全装置の炎孔部の部分断面図、
第３図は同酸欠安全装置パイロツトバーナ部の概
略正面図、第４図は同酸欠安全装置の特性図、第
５図は本発明の一実施例の酸欠安全装置の部分断
面図、第６図は同酸欠安全装置の炎孔部の低酸素
濃度時の部分断面図、第７図は同酸欠安全装置の
特性図、第８図は本発明の他の実施例の概略正面
図である。
１１……セラミツクバーナ、１２，１８……炎
孔、１５，１９……火炎、１３……熱電対Ａ、１
４……熱電対Ｂ、t1，t2……肉厚、l1，l2……炎孔
間距離。
Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a conventional oxygen deficiency safety device.
Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the flame hole of the oxygen deficiency safety device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the pilot burner part of the oxygen deficiency safety device, FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram of the oxygen deficiency safety device, and FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the oxygen deficiency safety device of an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a partial sectional view of the flame hole of the oxygen deficiency safety device when the oxygen concentration is low, Fig. 7 is a characteristic diagram of the oxygen deficiency safety device, and Fig. 8 is a schematic front view of another embodiment of the present invention. It is a diagram. 11... Ceramic burner, 12, 18... Flame hole, 15, 19... Flame, 13... Thermocouple A, 1
4...Thermocouple B, t1 , t2 ...wall thickness, l1 , l2 ...distance between flame holes.
Claims (1)
このうちの１個をセラミツクバーナの炎孔近傍に
設け、この熱電対と相対した複数個の炎孔の炎孔
間距離を他炎孔より小さくするとともにこの炎孔
部の厚みを他炎孔より薄くし、前記２個の熱電対
はその熱起電力が逆極性となるように接続した酸
欠安全装置。1 Consists of two thermocouples and a ceramic burner,
One of these is installed near the flame hole of the ceramic burner, and the distance between the flame holes of the multiple flame holes facing this thermocouple is made smaller than that of the other flame holes, and the thickness of this flame hole is made smaller than that of the other flame holes. The oxygen deficiency safety device is made thin and the two thermocouples are connected so that their thermoelectromotive force has opposite polarity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59010412A JPS60155824A (en) | 1984-01-24 | 1984-01-24 | Oxygen deficiency safety device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59010412A JPS60155824A (en) | 1984-01-24 | 1984-01-24 | Oxygen deficiency safety device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60155824A JPS60155824A (en) | 1985-08-15 |
| JPH0212329B2 true JPH0212329B2 (en) | 1990-03-20 |
Family
ID=11749429
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59010412A Granted JPS60155824A (en) | 1984-01-24 | 1984-01-24 | Oxygen deficiency safety device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60155824A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017213767A1 (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2019-02-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Burner cover, method of making a burner cover, and a surface burner |
-
1984
- 1984-01-24 JP JP59010412A patent/JPS60155824A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60155824A (en) | 1985-08-15 |
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| JPS605245Y2 (en) | Main burner incomplete combustion detection device | |
| JPH01111115A (en) | Preheating device for oxidization catalyst combustion type gas heater | |
| JPS61208430A (en) | Oxygen concentration detection pilot burner | |
| JPS6143086Y2 (en) | ||
| JPS6056974B2 (en) | Combustion safety device | |
| JPS5912230A (en) | Burner | |
| JPS60202232A (en) | Oxygen defficiency safety device | |
| JPS6189415A (en) | Combustion control |