JPH0215187B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a feed for enhancing red tide resistance by adding taurine to the feed for fish and shellfish, particularly cultured fish. The term "feed" as used herein includes those in the form of feed additives, and therefore also includes a mode in which a feed additive containing taurine is mixed with a large amount of feed and applied to fish and shellfish at the time of use. Recently, seawater pollution has been increasing nationwide, and as a result, the frequency and spread of red tide has increased year by year, especially in closed waters, and fish and shellfish, especially yellowtail, red sea bream, puffer fish, horse mackerel, and sardines, have been affected. Red tide damage has become a major problem. The present inventors have considered increasing the resistance of farmed seafood to red tide in order to suppress the damage caused by such red tide to fish and shellfish and increase aquaculture efficiency.
As a result of various studies, it was discovered that this objective could be achieved by providing taurine, which is a type of amino acid, and the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention provides a feed for enhancing red tide resistance, which is characterized by incorporating taurine into the feed for seafood. According to research by the present inventors, when farmed fish, especially yellowtail (yellowtail), come into contact with red tide plankton, particularly highly toxic Horneria, the farmed fish can smell ammonia, peroxide, fatty acids, etc. excreted by Horneria. As a result, the mucus that protects the gills continues to be secreted and becomes depleted, so toxic substances excreted by seawater and Horneria enter the gills, causing the cells to blister.
It was discovered that people die from breathing difficulties, and in order to prevent this phenomenon, they came up with the idea of applying taurine, an antioxidant known to be effective against human emphysema and protect the lung mucosa, and to improve its effectiveness. This is what I discovered. Therefore, the feed of the present invention is highly effective in increasing resistance to red tide plankton, particularly highly toxic Horneria, and has the effect of significantly suppressing damage caused by red tide to cultured fish. The taurine-containing feed of the present invention may be prepared by directly mixing taurine into seafood feed, but in order to ensure uniform dispersion, taurine should be uniformly mixed and dispersed in a small amount of feed additives in advance. A method of mixing with feed is preferred. Further, the mixture may be mixed into the feed at the time of use or may be mixed in advance. The amount of taurine added is 10 to 300 g, preferably 25 to 200 g, per ton of feed at the time of final administration.
g range. If the amount is less than 10 g, the desired effect will not be fully exhibited, while if it exceeds 300 g, it will not be absorbed and will be excreted, so no further enhancement of the effect can be expected. Further, when taurine is added to a feed additive, the amount of taurine added is adjusted so that when mixed with the feed, the amount of taurine added is as described above. The feed and feed additives used include various nutritional substances, but if desired, vitamins, amino acids, etc. may be added, and in particular, the addition of vitamin E enhances red tide resistance of taurine according to the present invention. It is preferable because it has the effect of reinforcing. As feed additives, commonly used feed additives are used as they are; various amino acids, vitamins, and other nutrients are added as desired to excipients such as flour and brewer's yeast, and sodium alginate is added as a binder. , sodium polyacrylate,
Examples include those containing Esacote P (ingredients: sodium alginate, guar gum, carrageenan, locust bean gum, manufactured by Marine Project Co., Ltd.), CMC, wheat gluten, xatan gum, etc. As the feed, commercially available live feed for fish and shellfish aquaculture can be used as is. Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples and Experimental Examples. Example 1 100 g of taurine, 1400 g of wheat flour, and 1500 g of sodium alginate were sufficiently mixed in a powder mixer to obtain 3 kg of feed additive. Add this feed additive to 1 ton of live bait for sand locusts, giant eels, mackerel, etc.
In addition, the red tide resistance enhancement feed for farmed fish is obtained in the proportion of Kg. Example 2 Taurine 30g, brewer's yeast 1470g, sodium polyacrylate 1300g and xanthan gum 200g
g were mixed in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain 3 kg of feed additive. This product was added to 1 ton of live bait in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain red tide resistance enhancing bait. Example 3 Vitamin E (50% powder) 100g, thiamine nitrate 30g
g, riboflavin 8g, pyridoxine hydrochloride 8g,
Calcium D-pantothenate 15g, inositol
50g, L-ascorbic acid 150g, folic acid 1g, d
- 1.5 g of biotin (2%), 250 g of sodium monohydrogen phosphate, and 50 g of taurine are mixed in a powder mixer, crushed, and then choline chloride (50%) is added.
400g, brewer's yeast 436.5g and bait coat
Add 1500g of P and mix again to obtain 3Kg of feed additive (mixed feed). This is raw bait such as sardine 1
Tons plus red tide resistance boosting bait. Example 4 Vitamin A (500000IU/g) 10g, vitamin D
(500000IU/g) 2g, Vitamin E (50%) 100
g, vitamin K (50%) 1g, thiamine nitrate 30g,
Riboflavin 9g, pyridoxine hydrochloride 11g, nicotinamide 15g, D-pantothenate calcium
100g, inositol 5g, L-calcium ascorbate 60g, folic acid 1.5g, d-biotin (2
%), 250 g of sodium monohydrogen phosphate, and 50 g of taurine were mixed and crushed in the same manner as in Example 3, and then 100 g of choline chloride (50%), 75 g of brewer's yeast, and 1500 g of Esacoat P were added and mixed again to prepare the feed. Obtain 3 kg of additives (mixed feed). This feed additive is added to 1 ton of live bait in the same manner as in Example 3 to obtain a red tide resistance enhancing feed. Experimental Example 1 Using the feed obtained in Example 3, three yellowtail (Japanese yellowtail) (2-year-old fish) (A, B, C) were cultured in experimental plots. Separately, three similar yellowtails (D, E, F) were cultured in the same manner as in Example 3 using the same feed composition except that no taurine was added. Horneria (red tide plankton) 2040 pieces/1ml
The cultured yellowtail, each with an identification tag attached, was placed in a 500-capacity aquarium filled with 300% seawater and observed, and the time to death was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

[Table] As is clear from the above results, the resistance to red tide was significantly enhanced in the taurine-administered group. Experimental example 2 Yellowtail (Japanese yellowtail) (1 year old fish) 3 fish (a, b, c)
A solution of 50 mg of taurine dissolved in 0.25 ml of physiological saline was intramuscularly injected once a day for 4 consecutive days. Separately, three similar yellowtails (d, e, f) were used without the above treatment. Yellowtail with the above identification tag attached was placed in a 500-capacity aquarium filled with 300 mL of seawater containing 3050 Horneria per ml and observed, and the time to death was measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[Table] As is clear from the above results, red tide resistance was significantly improved in the taurine administration group. Experimental Example 3 After injecting 0.5 ml each of taurine and vitamin E into three farmed yellowtails with a body length of approximately 12 cm, they were injected into a 500-ml tube filled with seawater containing approximately 2,000 Horneria per ml.
When the fish was placed in a water tank and the amount of oxygen was increased to three times that of normal seawater, it survived for about two hours. As a control, three untreated farmed yellowtails were allowed to swim in an aquarium under the same conditions, and they died in about 30 minutes. In addition, as above, taurine and vitamin E
The yellowtails injected with the drug were allowed to swim in an aquarium for 30 minutes under the same conditions, and then returned to normal seawater, whereupon they continued to swim vigorously. Experimental Example 4 Approximately 11,000 yellowtails were cultured in an experimental sea area using the feed of Example 3, and all the yellowtails were healthy despite the occurrence of red tide. In contrast, most of the yellowtails in the plots that were fed regular food died.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A feed for enhancing red tide resistance, characterized in that taurine is blended into a feed for seafood. 2. The feed according to item 1 above, which contains 10 to 300 g of taurine per ton of feed. 3. The feed according to item 1 or 2 above, which further contains vitamin E.