JPH0228301B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0228301B2 JPH0228301B2 JP60256258A JP25625885A JPH0228301B2 JP H0228301 B2 JPH0228301 B2 JP H0228301B2 JP 60256258 A JP60256258 A JP 60256258A JP 25625885 A JP25625885 A JP 25625885A JP H0228301 B2 JPH0228301 B2 JP H0228301B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- plant
- fish
- circulating water
- tank
- biological treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 89
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 87
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 10
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000252073 Anguilliformes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095054 ammoniac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003657 drainage water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/60—Fishing; Aquaculture; Aquafarming
Landscapes
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、循環水に含まれる魚類の排泄物、残
餌等の栄養分を植物育成に利用するもので、循環
水に含まれるNH4−Ｎを生物処理により魚類に
とつて無害化すると共に植物が必要とするNO3
−Ｎに変化させて植物育成に利用するようにした
魚類と植物の育成プラントに関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention utilizes nutrients such as fish excrement and leftover feed contained in circulating water for plant growth. Biological treatment of N makes it harmless to fish and also provides NO 3 needed by plants.
This invention relates to a plant for growing fish and plants that is converted to -N and used for growing plants.
従来から魚類と植物とを同時に育成する方法は
公知である。例えば、特開昭52−141327号公報に
記載された技術では、温室内に上下二段の棚を形
成し、上段の棚で植物を栽培すると共に下段の棚
で魚類を育成している。そして、上段の植物より
排出されるO2を集めて下段の魚類槽内へ送出し、
魚類槽より排出されるCO2を植物棚へ自然循環さ
せるようにしている。
BACKGROUND ART Methods for growing fish and plants at the same time have been known. For example, in the technique described in JP-A-52-141327, two upper and lower shelves are formed in a greenhouse, and plants are cultivated on the upper shelf while fish are raised on the lower shelf. Then, the O 2 emitted from the plants in the upper row is collected and sent to the fish tank in the lower row.
The CO 2 emitted from the fish tank is naturally circulated to the plant shelf.
また実開昭51−159348号公報に記載された技術
では、培溶液を貯溜してなる魚槽としての函床上
に植物栽培用の網床を設けて全体を温室とし、温
室内の室温及び函床内の水温を調節すると共に、
培養液中に空気を供給することで、魚類と植物の
育成を行うようにしている。 In addition, in the technology described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 51-159348, a net bed for plant cultivation is provided on the box bed as a fish tank that stores a culture solution, and the whole becomes a greenhouse. In addition to adjusting the water temperature in the floor,
Fish and plants are grown by supplying air into the culture solution.
更に特開昭56−75033号公報に記載された技術
では、魚類飼育容器内に中空支柱筒を立設し、該
支柱筒に交互に交叉して貫通する樋状の植物栽培
容器を複数段設けている。そして、魚類飼育容器
内の水液を中空支柱筒の上部側から栽培容器へ供
給し、順次、上段の栽培容器からオーバーフロー
した水液を下段の栽培容器へ供給することで、水
液中に含まれる魚類の残餌、排泄物に含まれる栄
養分を植物栽培に利用している。 Furthermore, in the technique described in JP-A No. 56-75033, a hollow support tube is erected in a fish breeding container, and a plurality of trough-like plant cultivation containers are provided that alternately intersect and penetrate through the support tube. ing. Then, the water in the fish breeding container is supplied to the cultivation container from the upper side of the hollow support tube, and the water that overflows from the upper cultivation container is sequentially supplied to the lower cultivation container. The nutrients contained in the leftover food and excrement of fish are used for plant cultivation.
ところが、前記特開昭52−141327号公報に記載
された技術にあつては、単に植物より排出される
O2を魚類の飼育に利用するだけであり、魚類の
排泄物、残餌等に含まれる栄養分を植物栽培へ利
用し、魚類と植物の共存を図ることはできなかつ
た。また魚槽では、餌、魚類の排泄物に含まれる
有機物やアンモニアが蓄積され、大量の補給水を
供給するか、魚類の飼育量を小規模にする必要が
あつた。
However, in the technology described in JP-A-52-141327, the amount of water that is simply emitted from plants is
O 2 was only used for raising fish, and it was not possible to use nutrients contained in fish excrement, leftover food, etc. for plant cultivation, and to achieve coexistence between fish and plants. In addition, in fish tanks, organic matter and ammonia contained in feed and fish excrement accumulate, making it necessary to supply large amounts of supplementary water or to reduce the amount of fish stocked.
また前記実開昭51−159348号公報及び特開昭56
−75033号公報の技術では、魚槽等の水液を植物
栽培用として利用し、残餌、魚類の排泄物中に含
まれる栄養分を植物栽培のために利用する技術が
開示されている。然しながら、この場合も餌や魚
類の排泄物中に含まれる有機物やアンモニアが魚
類を飼育する容器及び水槽等に蓄積されるという
前述の従来例と同じ問題がある。これを解決する
ためにはやはり魚類の飼育量を小規模にするか、
または大量の補給水を供給しなければならない
が、大量の補給水を供給する場合には、蓄積され
た有機物及びアンモニアの排出と同時に水液中に
含まれる栄養分も排出され、初期の目的を達成で
きなくなるという相反する問題があつた。 Also, the above-mentioned Utility Model Publication No. 51-159348 and JP-A-56
The technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 75033 uses water from a fish tank or the like for plant cultivation, and utilizes nutrients contained in leftover feed and fish excrement for plant cultivation. However, in this case as well, there is the same problem as in the conventional example described above, in that organic matter and ammonia contained in the feed and fish excrement are accumulated in containers, aquariums, etc. in which fish are kept. In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to reduce the amount of fish stocked.
Alternatively, a large amount of make-up water must be supplied, but when a large amount of make-up water is supplied, the nutrients contained in the water liquid are also discharged at the same time as the accumulated organic matter and ammonia are discharged, achieving the initial purpose. There was the contradictory problem of not being able to do it.
本発明は従来の前記欠点に鑑みこれを改良除去
したものであつて、養殖プラントと植物プラント
と生物処理部とで循環経路を形成し、循環水を生
物処理することにより、循環水に含まれるNH4
−Ｎを魚類にとつて無害で且つ植物にとつてその
育成に必要なNO3−Ｎに変化させ、また循環水
中の残餌、魚類の排泄物に含まれる栄養分を植物
の育成に利用し、魚類と植物の同時大量育成を図
ることのできる育成プラントを提供せんとするも
のである。
The present invention improves and eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional technology, and forms a circulation path with an aquaculture plant, a plant plant, and a biological treatment section, and biologically treats the circulating water. NH4
Converting -N into NO 3 -N, which is harmless to fish and necessary for plants to grow, and utilizes nutrients contained in the remaining food in circulating water and fish excrement for growing plants, It is an object of the present invention to provide a breeding plant capable of simultaneously cultivating a large amount of fish and plants.
前記問題点を解決するための第１の発明の手段
は、魚槽の他に少なくともPH調整部、溶存酸素調
整部を備えてなる循環経路を有する魚介類の養殖
プラントと、野菜等の植物を栽培する植物プラン
トと、前記養殖プラントと植物プラントとの間に
配設された生物処理部とよりなり、魚槽より排出
される循環水を生物処理部を介して又は生物処理
部を介さずに直接植物プラントへ供給し、植物プ
ラントより排出される循環水を養殖プラントの循
環経路へ直接戻すか又は生物処理部を介して戻す
ことで全体の循環経路を形成し、循環水に含まれ
るNH4−Ｎを生物処理部の微生物によりON3−
Ｎに変化させて植物プラントへ供給するようにし
ている。
A first means of the invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a fish and shellfish aquaculture plant having a circulation path including at least a PH adjustment section and a dissolved oxygen adjustment section in addition to a fish tank, and a cultivation plant for vegetables and other plants. It consists of a plant plant to be cultivated and a biological treatment section disposed between the aquaculture plant and the plant plant, and the circulating water discharged from the fish tank is passed through the biological treatment section or not through the biological treatment section. Supply the circulating water directly to the plant plant, and return the circulating water discharged from the plant plant directly to the circulation route of the aquaculture plant or return it via the biological treatment section to form the entire circulation route, and reduce the NH 4 contained in the circulating water. -N is turned on by microorganisms in the biological treatment section 3 -
It is converted into N and supplied to plants.
前記問題点を解決するための第２の発明の手段
は、前記第１の発明に加えて、溶存酸素調整後の
循環水を魚槽へ供給する経路から分岐して必要に
応じて循環水の一部を植物プラントへ直接供給す
るバイパス経路を配設し、循環水の全部又は一部
を生物処理部の微生物によりNH4−ＮからNO3
−Ｎへ変化させるようにしている。 Means of a second invention for solving the above problem is, in addition to the first invention, branching off from the route for supplying the circulating water after dissolved oxygen adjustment to the fish tank and supplying the circulating water as necessary. A bypass route is installed to supply part of the water directly to the plant, and all or part of the circulating water is converted from NH 4 -N to NO 3 by microorganisms in the biological treatment section.
-N.
第１図に示すブロツク図で明らかな如く、第１
の発明にあつては、Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ等の栄養分及び有
機物、NH4−Ｎ（アンモニア性窒素）等の有害成
分を含む魚槽１から排出された循環水は、基本的
には経路ｂを介して生物処理部２へ供給され、こ
こで好気性微生物により有機物が酸化されて浄化
される共に、亜硝酸菌や硝酸菌によりNH4−Ｎ
がNO3−Ｎに変化する。従つて、生物処理され
た循環水は、およそ前記栄養分とNO3−Ｎを含
むものとなり、経路ｃを通つて植物プラント３へ
供給され、植物育成に利用される。そして、植物
プラント３より経路ｄを介して養殖プラント６の
循環経路へ供給され、PH調整部４にて所定のPH調
整の後、経路ｈを介して溶存酸素調整部５へ供給
され、循環水の溶存酸素調整が行われる。調整後
の循環水は、経路ｊを介して魚槽１へ供給され
る。
As is clear from the block diagram shown in Figure 1, the first
In the invention, the circulating water discharged from the fish tank 1 containing nutrients such as N, P, and K, organic matter, and harmful components such as NH 4 -N (ammoniac nitrogen) is basically route b. The organic matter is oxidized and purified by aerobic microorganisms, and NH 4 -N is purified by nitrite bacteria and nitrate bacteria.
changes to NO 3 -N. Therefore, the biologically treated circulating water contains approximately the above-mentioned nutrients and NO 3 -N, and is supplied to the plant plant 3 through the path c and used for plant growth. Then, the water is supplied from the plant plant 3 to the circulation path of the aquaculture plant 6 via path d, and after a predetermined pH adjustment in PH adjustment section 4, it is supplied to the dissolved oxygen adjustment section 5 via path h. Dissolved oxygen adjustment is performed. The adjusted circulating water is supplied to the fish tank 1 via path j.
尚、連続運転の状態にあつては、養殖プラント
６を循環する循環水に含まれる前記有機物及び
NH4−Ｎが少なくなる。このため、魚槽１より
排出された循環水を経路ｅを介して直接植物プラ
ント３へ供給し、植物プラント３からの循環水を
経路ｆから生物処理部２へ供給して生物処理する
ことも可能である。生物処理後の循環水は経路ｇ
を介して養殖プラント６の循環経路へ戻される。
各循環経路の選択は、各経路に設置したバルブ７
乃至１３によつて行われる。 In addition, in the state of continuous operation, the organic matter contained in the circulating water circulating through the aquaculture plant 6 and
NH 4 -N decreases. Therefore, the circulating water discharged from the fish tank 1 may be directly supplied to the plant plant 3 via the route e, and the circulating water from the plant plant 3 may be supplied to the biological treatment section 2 via the route f for biological treatment. It is possible. Circulated water after biological treatment is route g
The water is returned to the circulation path of the aquaculture plant 6 via.
The selection of each circulation route is made using the valve 7 installed in each route.
It is carried out by 13 to 13.
また第２図のブロツク図に示す第２の発明にあ
つては、前記第１の発明の連続運転状態にあつ
て、生物処理、PH調整、溶存酸素調整された循環
水の一部を切換バルブ１４及び分岐経路ｋを介し
て直接植物プラント３へ供給し、循環水に含まれ
る栄養分、NO3−Ｎを植物育成に利用している。 In addition, in the second invention shown in the block diagram of FIG. 2, in the continuous operation state of the first invention, a part of the circulating water that has been subjected to biological treatment, pH adjustment, and dissolved oxygen adjustment is transferred through a switching valve. The water is directly supplied to the plant plant 3 via 14 and the branch route k, and the nutrients and NO 3 -N contained in the circulating water are used for plant growth.
以下に本発明の構成を図面に示す実施例に基づ
いて説明すると次の通りである。 The configuration of the present invention will be explained below based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
第３図は、前記第１図及び第２図に示す第１及
び第２の発明の技術思想を具体化したプラントの
配置実施例を示すものである。この実施例にあつ
ては、魚槽１より排出された循環水を汚水槽１５
へ一旦供給している。この汚水槽１５は、生物処
理槽２４、水耕栽培槽２５及びPH調整槽１６の各
槽へ規定設定量の循環水を継続的に移送させるた
めのポンプピツトの役目をするものである。また
この実施例では、汚水槽１５とPH調整槽１６と循
環水供給に用いる循環用ポンプ１８のためのポン
プピツトである処理水槽１７とを連設している。
そして、前記魚槽１、各槽１５乃至１７、循環用
のポンプ１８、酸素供給装置１９、熱交換器２０
を直列的に接続して循環経路を形成し、養殖プラ
ント６としている。なお、汚水槽１５は第１図及
び第２図のブロツク図で示すところの経路ａの途
中に配置されており、また同様に処理水槽１７及
び循環ポンプ１８は経路ｈの途中に配置されてお
り、熱交換器２０は経路ｊの途中に配置されてい
る。
FIG. 3 shows an example of the layout of a plant embodying the technical ideas of the first and second inventions shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In this embodiment, the circulating water discharged from the fish tank 1 is transferred to the sewage tank 15.
Once supplied to This sewage tank 15 serves as a pump pit for continuously transferring a prescribed amount of circulating water to each of the biological treatment tank 24, hydroponic cultivation tank 25, and PH adjustment tank 16. Further, in this embodiment, a sewage tank 15, a PH adjustment tank 16, and a treated water tank 17, which is a pump pit for a circulation pump 18 used for supplying circulating water, are installed in series.
The fish tank 1, each tank 15 to 17, a circulation pump 18, an oxygen supply device 19, and a heat exchanger 20
are connected in series to form a circulation path to form an aquaculture plant 6. Note that the sewage tank 15 is placed in the middle of path a as shown in the block diagrams of FIGS. 1 and 2, and similarly, the treated water tank 17 and circulation pump 18 are placed in the middle of path h. , the heat exchanger 20 is placed in the middle of the path j.
前記魚槽１内には、通常の制御状態において循
環水に含まれる溶存酸素濃度が何らかの原因で危
険値に達した場合に、純酸素ガスを当該魚槽１へ
直接供給して魚介類等が死滅するのを防止するた
めの純酸素供給器２１が設置されている。またPH
調整槽１６には、循環水のPH値を所定の値に調整
するために投入される酸又はアルカリと、循環水
とを混ぜ合わせるための撹拌器２２が設置されて
いる。 In the fish tank 1, if the dissolved oxygen concentration in the circulating water reaches a dangerous value for some reason under normal control conditions, pure oxygen gas is directly supplied to the fish tank 1 so that seafood, etc. A pure oxygen supply device 21 is installed to prevent the animals from dying. Also PH
A stirrer 22 is installed in the adjustment tank 16 to mix the circulating water with an acid or alkali that is added to adjust the pH value of the circulating water to a predetermined value.
２３は、汚水槽１５に貯溜された循環水を経路
ｂを介して生物処理槽２４へ供給するためのポン
プである。生物処理槽２４内には好気性微生物が
死滅するのを防止すると共に、槽内撹拌を行うた
めの散気管２７と、好気性微生物及び硝化菌等を
付着させて所定の微生物処理を行なわせるための
接触材２８が設置されている。２５は、野菜等の
水耕栽培槽である。この栽培槽２５は、スポン
ジ、ネツト等よりなる栽培床２６を有している。 23 is a pump for supplying circulating water stored in the sewage tank 15 to the biological treatment tank 24 via path b. Inside the biological treatment tank 24, there is an aeration pipe 27 for preventing aerobic microorganisms from dying and stirring the tank, and for attaching aerobic microorganisms, nitrifying bacteria, etc. to perform predetermined microbial processing. A contact material 28 is installed. 25 is a hydroponic cultivation tank for vegetables and the like. This cultivation tank 25 has a cultivation bed 26 made of sponge, net, or the like.
養殖プラント６、生物処理槽２４、水耕栽培槽
２５の基本的な循環経路は、汚水槽１５からの循
環水を経路ｂを介して生物処理槽２４へ供給し、
この排水を経路ｃから水耕栽培槽２５へ供給する
ようにしている。そして、栽培槽２５の排水を経
路ｄを介して養殖プラント６のPH調整槽１６へ戻
すことで、全体が循環経路を形成するようにして
いる。また経路ｂには生物処理槽２４をバイパス
する経路ｅが分岐されており、また水耕栽培槽２
５から排出される循環水は、必要に応じ、経路ｆ
を介して生物処理槽２４へ供給されるようになつ
ている。経路ｋは、養殖プラント６の経路ｊから
の分岐経路であり、PH調整及び溶存酸素調整のさ
れた循環水の一部を直接水耕栽培槽２５へ供給す
るためのものである。 The basic circulation route of the aquaculture plant 6, biological treatment tank 24, and hydroponic cultivation tank 25 is to supply circulating water from the sewage tank 15 to the biological treatment tank 24 via path b,
This waste water is supplied to the hydroponic cultivation tank 25 through path c. Then, the waste water from the cultivation tank 25 is returned to the PH adjustment tank 16 of the aquaculture plant 6 via the path d, so that the entire system forms a circulation path. In addition, a route e that bypasses the biological treatment tank 24 is branched from the route b, and a hydroponic cultivation tank 2
The circulating water discharged from 5 is routed through route f as necessary.
It is designed to be supplied to the biological treatment tank 24 via. Path k is a branch path from path j of the aquaculture plant 6, and is for supplying a portion of the circulating water that has undergone pH adjustment and dissolved oxygen adjustment directly to the hydroponic cultivation tank 25.
次に上述の如く構成された魚類と植物の育成プ
ラントの動作態様を説明する。 Next, the operation mode of the fish and plant growing plant constructed as described above will be explained.
魚槽１から排出される循環水には、残餌、魚類
の排泄物等の栄養分と、有機物、NH4−Ｎ等が
多量に含まれているが、魚槽１からの排水をその
まま魚槽１へ戻して循環することは溶存酸素量不
足や水質上の問題で、魚類を死滅させる虞れがあ
る。そのため、本実施例では通常の運転状態で、
経路ａを介して魚槽１からの排水を汚水槽１５へ
一旦貯溜し、各槽への所定流量を調整し、経路ｂ
から生物処理槽２８へ供給し、好気性微生物によ
り循環水中に含まれる有機物を酸化して浄化して
いる。また硝化菌（亜硝酸菌、硝酸菌）により
NH4−Ｎを植物育成に必要なNO3−Ｎへ変化さ
せている。 The circulating water discharged from the fish tank 1 contains a large amount of nutrients such as leftover feed and fish excrement, as well as organic matter and NH 4 -N. If the water is returned to 1 and circulated, there will be a lack of dissolved oxygen and problems with water quality, which may kill fish. Therefore, in this example, under normal operating conditions,
The waste water from the fish tank 1 is temporarily stored in the sewage tank 15 via route a, and the predetermined flow rate to each tank is adjusted, and then the wastewater is transferred to route b.
The circulating water is supplied to the biological treatment tank 28, where aerobic microorganisms oxidize and purify the organic matter contained in the circulating water. Also, due to nitrifying bacteria (nitrite bacteria, nitrate bacteria)
It converts NH 4 -N into NO 3 -N, which is necessary for plant growth.
従つて、生物処理後の循環水の成分は、前記残
餌、魚類の排泄物に含まれていた栄養分とNH4
−Ｎの酸化されたNO3−Ｎが含まれることにな
るが、PH値並びに溶存酸素濃度は未調整のままで
ある。而して、連続運転状態にあつては魚槽１か
らの循環水のPH値及び溶存酸素濃度が植物育成に
必要な値より大きくズレることはなく、生物処理
した後の循環水を水耕栽培槽２５へ供給すること
が可能である。つまり、この実施例では魚類の排
泄物、残餌等に含まれているＮ、Ｐ、Ｋ等の栄養
分及び生物処理により得られたNO3−Ｎを植物
育成に利用することができ、有効な植物の育成が
図れる。なお、この実施例における生物処理後の
循環水に含まれるNH4−Ｎは最大10ppm程度で
あり、NO3−Ｎは100ppm程度である。この数値
は、生物処理槽２４の形態（例えば、生物処理方
式や微生物の絶対数等）を変更することにより、
任意に調整可能である。参考までに、水耕栽培に
おけるNH4−Ｎの吸収限界は40〜50ppmであり、
またNO3−Ｎの30％以下である。前記範囲を越
えると植物は枯れるようになる。 Therefore, the components of the circulating water after biological treatment are the nutrients contained in the leftover feed and fish excrement, as well as NH 4
-N oxidized NO 3 -N will be included, but the PH value and dissolved oxygen concentration remain unadjusted. Therefore, under continuous operation, the PH value and dissolved oxygen concentration of the circulating water from fish tank 1 will not deviate much from the values necessary for plant growth, and the circulating water after biological treatment can be used for hydroponic cultivation. It is possible to supply it to tank 25. In other words, in this example, nutrients such as N, P, and K contained in fish excrement and leftover feed, as well as NO 3 -N obtained through biological treatment, can be used for plant growth, making it effective. Plants can be grown. In this example, the maximum amount of NH 4 --N contained in the circulating water after biological treatment is about 10 ppm, and the amount of NO 3 --N is about 100 ppm. This value can be adjusted by changing the form of the biological treatment tank 24 (for example, biological treatment method, absolute number of microorganisms, etc.)
It can be adjusted arbitrarily. For reference, the absorption limit of NH4 -N in hydroponic cultivation is 40-50ppm,
Also, it is less than 30% of NO 3 -N. If the above range is exceeded, the plant will wither.
水耕栽培槽２５より排出された循環水は、経路
ｄを介して養殖プラント６のPH調整槽１６へ供給
され、所定のPH値に調整される。PH値は、通常植
物の適正値が5.5〜7.0であり、また魚類（ウナギ
の場合）の適正値が6.0〜8.0であり、硝化菌の適
正値が6.5〜8.5であるため、この場合には6.5〜
7.0の範囲に調整される。 The circulating water discharged from the hydroponic cultivation tank 25 is supplied to the PH adjustment tank 16 of the aquaculture plant 6 via the path d, and is adjusted to a predetermined PH value. The appropriate pH value for plants is usually 5.5 to 7.0, for fish (eels) 6.0 to 8.0, and for nitrifying bacteria to be 6.5 to 8.5, so in this case, 6.5～
Adjusted to 7.0 range.
PH調整後の循環水は、ポンプ１８を介して酸素
供給装置１９へ供給され、ここで純酸素ガスを吹
き込むことにより溶存酸素濃度が調整される。溶
存酸素濃度は、植物にあつては概ね２〜3ppm以
上あればよく、魚類の適正値は各魚類に適した水
温における飽和溶存酸素濃度の0.8倍〜1.0倍程度
である。ただし、魚類（ウナギ）の場合はその臨
界値が3ppm程度とされている。また微生物の場
合は、１〜2ppm程度以上あればよい。従つて、
溶存酸素濃度の適正値は、魚槽１、生物処理槽２
４、水耕栽培槽２５によつてそれぞれ異なり、本
実施例にあつては、魚槽１において、５〜9ppm
程度に調整している。なお、この酸素供給装置１
９は、純酸素ガスを循環水へ強制的に吹き込むよ
うにしているが、これ以外の方法であつてもよ
い。例えば、処理水槽１７等で曝気を行つてもよ
く、また水耕栽培槽２５への循環水の供給を散水
により行い、空気と接触させることで、循環水中
の溶存酸素濃度を調整する方法であつてもよい。 The circulating water after pH adjustment is supplied to the oxygen supply device 19 via the pump 18, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is adjusted by blowing pure oxygen gas there. The dissolved oxygen concentration should generally be 2 to 3 ppm or more for plants, and the appropriate value for fish is about 0.8 to 1.0 times the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration at a water temperature suitable for each type of fish. However, in the case of fish (eel), the critical value is said to be around 3ppm. In the case of microorganisms, it is sufficient that the amount is about 1 to 2 ppm or more. Therefore,
The appropriate value for dissolved oxygen concentration is for fish tank 1 and biological treatment tank 2.
4. It varies depending on the hydroponic culture tank 25, and in this example, in the fish tank 1, the content is 5 to 9 ppm.
Adjusted accordingly. Note that this oxygen supply device 1
Although pure oxygen gas is forcibly blown into the circulating water in No. 9, other methods may be used. For example, aeration may be performed in the treated water tank 17, etc., and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the circulating water is adjusted by supplying circulating water to the hydroponic cultivation tank 25 by sprinkling and bringing it into contact with air. It's okay.
溶存酸素濃度が調整された後の循環水は、熱交
換器２０により循環水の温度が魚類及び植物の適
正温度になるように調整され、経路ｊを介して魚
槽１へ供給される。これで循環水は全体を一巡す
ることになる。 After the dissolved oxygen concentration has been adjusted, the temperature of the circulating water is adjusted by the heat exchanger 20 to be an appropriate temperature for fish and plants, and the circulating water is supplied to the fish tank 1 via path j. The circulating water will now go around the entire area.
連続運転の状態にあつては、前述した如く、魚
槽１より排出された循環水に含まれる有機物及び
NH4−Ｎの絶対量が少なくなる。このため、魚
槽１より排出された直後の循環水を汚水槽１５か
ら汲み上げ、分岐経路ｅから水耕栽培槽２５へ供
給し、水耕栽培槽２５の排水を経路ｆから生物処
理槽２４へ供給して前述した生物処理を行い、更
にこの排水を経路ｇ及びｄを介して（第１図及び
第２図のブロツク図では経路ｇのみを介して）PH
調整槽１６へ供給し、以後は前述の基本的な運転
状態の場合と同一循環させることが可能である。 During continuous operation, as mentioned above, the organic matter contained in the circulating water discharged from the fish tank 1 and
The absolute amount of NH 4 -N decreases. For this reason, the circulating water immediately after being discharged from the fish tank 1 is pumped up from the sewage tank 15 and supplied to the hydroponic cultivation tank 25 from the branch route e, and the drainage water from the hydroponic cultivation tank 25 is sent from the route f to the biological treatment tank 24. This wastewater is then fed through routes g and d (through only route g in the block diagrams of Figures 1 and 2) to undergo the biological treatment described above.
It is possible to supply it to the adjustment tank 16 and thereafter circulate it in the same way as in the basic operating state described above.
また連続運転状態にあつては、熱交換器２０を
経た循環水の一部を分岐経路ｋから直接水耕栽培
槽２５へ供給することも可能である。この場合、
汚水槽１５より汲み上げられた循環水は、経路ｂ
から生物処理槽２４へ供給され、経路ｇ及びｄか
らPH調整槽１６へ供給される。以後の循環経路は
前述した基本的な運転状態の場合と同じである。
一方、経路ｋから水耕栽培槽２５へ供給された調
整後の循環水は、経路ｆから生物処理槽２４へ供
給され、汚水槽１５から汲み上げられた循環水と
合流する。 Further, in a continuous operation state, it is also possible to supply a part of the circulating water that has passed through the heat exchanger 20 directly to the hydroponic cultivation tank 25 from the branch path k. in this case,
The circulating water pumped up from the sewage tank 15 is route b.
The water is supplied to the biological treatment tank 24 from the route g and d, and is supplied to the PH adjustment tank 16 from routes g and d. The subsequent circulation route is the same as in the basic operating state described above.
On the other hand, the adjusted circulating water supplied to the hydroponic cultivation tank 25 from the route k is supplied to the biological treatment tank 24 from the route f, and joins with the circulating water pumped up from the sewage tank 15.
いずれにしても、本実施例にあつては循環の途
中において一度は生物処理槽２４を通過させて生
物処理を行い、魚槽１より排出された循環水に含
まれる有機物を好気性微生物の酸化により浄化す
ると共に、前記循環水に含まれるNH4−Ｎを硝
化菌により植物に必要なNO3−Ｎへ変化させて
植物の育成を図るようにしている。また魚類の排
泄物、残餌等に含まれる栄養分を植物育成に利用
することが可能である。従つて、魚類と植物の有
効な同時育成が図れ、更には魚類及び植物の大量
育成が可能である。 In any case, in this embodiment, the biological treatment is performed by passing through the biological treatment tank 24 once during the circulation, and the organic matter contained in the circulating water discharged from the fish tank 1 is oxidized by aerobic microorganisms. At the same time, NH 4 -N contained in the circulating water is converted to NO 3 -N necessary for plants by nitrifying bacteria to grow plants. In addition, nutrients contained in fish excrement, leftover feed, etc. can be used for plant growth. Therefore, it is possible to effectively grow fish and plants simultaneously, and it is also possible to grow fish and plants in large quantities.
なお、経路の選択が切換バルブ７乃至１４によ
つて行われることは当然である。 Incidentally, it goes without saying that the selection of the route is performed by the switching valves 7 to 14.
ところで、本発明は前記実施例に限定されるも
のではなく、適宜の変更が可能である。例えば、
PH調整槽１６と酸素供給装置１９等の配列はその
前後を変更することが可能であり、またPH調整を
行う機構を生物処理槽２４へ組み込むことも可能
である。更に図示及び説明は省略したが、循環水
の絶対量が不足した場合には、補給水の供給が行
われることは当然である。なお、この場合の補給
水は前述した従来例の補給水とは意味合いが異な
り、魚槽より排出された循環水に含まれる有機物
とNH4−Ｎを排出するためのものではない。本
発明にあつては、この機能を生物処理により行つ
ている。従つて、補給水量を少なくすることも可
能である。 By the way, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be modified as appropriate. for example,
The arrangement of the PH adjustment tank 16, oxygen supply device 19, etc. can be changed before and after, and it is also possible to incorporate a mechanism for adjusting the PH into the biological treatment tank 24. Furthermore, although illustration and description are omitted, it is natural that makeup water is supplied when the absolute amount of circulating water is insufficient. Note that the make-up water in this case has a different meaning from the make-up water in the conventional example described above, and is not for discharging organic matter and NH 4 -N contained in the circulating water discharged from the fish tank. In the present invention, this function is performed by biological treatment. Therefore, it is also possible to reduce the amount of make-up water.
以上説明したように本発明にあつては、魚類の
養殖プラントと植物プラントとの間へ生物処理部
を配設し、該生物処理部において魚槽より排出さ
れた循環水に含まれる有機物の浄化と、NH4−
ＮのNO3−Ｎへの硝化とを行つて循環させるこ
とにより、魚類及び植物の共存を図ることが可能
である。また魚槽より排出された循環水には、魚
類の排泄物、残餌等に含まれるＮ、Ｐ、Ｋ等の栄
養分があり、植物育成に大きく貢献することが可
能である。更には、循環経路にPH調整部と溶存酸
素調整部とを配置しており、前記生物処理部の機
能との相乗効果により大量の魚類と植物を同時に
育成することが可能である。
As explained above, in the present invention, a biological treatment section is provided between a fish aquaculture plant and a plant plant, and the biological treatment section purifies organic matter contained in circulating water discharged from a fish tank. and NH 4 −
By nitrifying N to NO 3 -N and circulating it, it is possible to promote the coexistence of fish and plants. In addition, the circulating water discharged from the fish tank contains nutrients such as N, P, and K contained in fish excrement, leftover food, etc., and can greatly contribute to plant growth. Furthermore, a PH adjustment section and a dissolved oxygen adjustment section are arranged in the circulation path, and a synergistic effect with the functions of the biological treatment section makes it possible to grow a large amount of fish and plants at the same time.
図面はいずれも本発明に係るものであり、第１
図は第１の発明を示すブロツク図、第２図は第２
の発明を示すブロツク図、第３図は第１及び第２
の発明を適用してなる具体的な装置の概略配置図
である。
１…魚槽、４…PH調整部、５…溶存酸素調整
部、６…養殖プラント、３…植物プラント、２…
生物処理部。
The drawings are all related to the present invention, and the first
The figure is a block diagram showing the first invention, and the second figure is a block diagram showing the second invention.
Figure 3 is a block diagram showing the invention of
1 is a schematic layout diagram of a specific device to which the invention is applied; FIG. 1... Fish tank, 4... PH adjustment section, 5... Dissolved oxygen adjustment section, 6... Aquaculture plant, 3... Plant plant, 2...
Biological treatment department.
Claims (1)
整部を備えてなる循環経路を有する魚介類の養殖
プラントと、野菜等の植物を栽培する植物プラン
トと、前記養殖プラントと植物プラントとの間に
配設された生物処理部とよりなり、魚槽より排出
される循環水を生物処理部を介して又は生物処理
部を介さずに直接植物プラントへ供給し、植物プ
ラントより排出される循環水を養殖プラントの循
環経路へ直接戻すか又は生物処理部を介して戻す
ことで全体の循環経路を形成し、循環水に含まれ
るNH4−Ｎを生物処理部の微生物によりNO3−
Ｎに変化させて植物プラントへ供給することを特
徴とする魚類と植物の育成プラント。 ２ 魚槽の他に少なくともPH調整部、溶存酸素調
整部を備えてなる循環経路を有する魚介類の養殖
プラントと、野菜等の植物を栽培する植物プラン
トと、前記養殖プラントと植物プラントとの間に
配設された生物処理部とよりなり、魚槽より排出
された循環水を生物処理部を介して又は生物処理
部を介さずに直接植物プラントへ供給し、植物プ
ラントより排出される循環水を養殖プラントの循
環経路へ直接戻すか又は生物処理部を介して戻す
ことで全体の循環経路を形成すると共に、溶存酸
素調整後の循環水を魚槽へ供給する経路から分岐
して必要に応じて循環水の一部を植物プラントへ
直接供給するバイパス経路を配設し、循環水の全
部又は一部を生物処理部の微生物によりNH4−
ＮからNO3−Ｎへ変化させることを特徴とする
魚類と植物の育成プラント。[Scope of Claims] 1. A fish and shellfish aquaculture plant having a circulation path including at least a PH adjustment section and a dissolved oxygen adjustment section in addition to a fish tank, a plant plant for cultivating plants such as vegetables, and the aquaculture plant. and a biological treatment section installed between the fish tank and the plant plant, and supply the circulating water discharged from the fish tank directly to the plant plant through or without the biological treatment section, and The entire circulation path is formed by returning the circulating water discharged from the aquaculture plant directly to the circulation path of the aquaculture plant or returning it through the biological treatment section, and the NH 4 -N contained in the circulating water is treated by the microorganisms in the biological treatment section. NO 3 −
A plant for growing fish and plants characterized by converting it into N and supplying it to a plant. 2. A fish and shellfish aquaculture plant having a circulation path including at least a PH adjustment section and a dissolved oxygen adjustment section in addition to a fish tank, a plant plant for cultivating plants such as vegetables, and a space between the aquaculture plant and the plant plant. The circulating water discharged from the fish tank is supplied directly to the plant plant through or without the biological treatment part, and the circulating water discharged from the plant plant is The entire circulation path is formed by returning the water directly to the circulation path of the aquaculture plant or through the biological treatment section, and the circulating water after adjusting dissolved oxygen is branched off from the path that supplies the fish tank as needed. A bypass path is installed to directly supply part of the circulating water to the plant plant, and all or part of the circulating water is converted into NH 4 − by microorganisms in the biological treatment section.
A fish and plant growing plant characterized by converting N to NO 3 -N.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60256258A JPS62115222A (en) | 1985-11-15 | 1985-11-15 | Plant for growing fishes and plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60256258A JPS62115222A (en) | 1985-11-15 | 1985-11-15 | Plant for growing fishes and plant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62115222A JPS62115222A (en) | 1987-05-26 |
| JPH0228301B2 true JPH0228301B2 (en) | 1990-06-22 |
Family
ID=17290139
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60256258A Granted JPS62115222A (en) | 1985-11-15 | 1985-11-15 | Plant for growing fishes and plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS62115222A (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03160934A (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1991-07-10 | Hitachi Ltd | Method for growing organism and apparatus therefor |
| JPH03290122A (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-19 | Hitachi Air Conditioning & Refrig Co Ltd | Filtration equipment of culture device of nutritive solution |
| JP2008131909A (en) * | 2006-11-29 | 2008-06-12 | Espec Mic Kk | Fully controlled plant factory |
| PT2158808E (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2011-01-03 | Forschungsverbund Berlin Ev | AQUAPONIC INSTALLATION FOR VEGETABLE AND FISH PRODUCTION |
| CN104585096B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-01-25 | 高伟民 | A fish and vegetable symbiosis cultivation system |
| JP7593834B2 (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2024-12-03 | 株式会社フジタ | Method for treating water containing bicarbonate ions, method for producing nitrogenous fertilizer using said method, method for producing culture solution, culture solution producing device, and cultivation system including culture solution producing device |
| JP7369412B1 (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-10-26 | オリエンタル白石株式会社 | aquaponics system |
| JP7743884B2 (en) * | 2024-01-17 | 2025-09-25 | 東亞合成株式会社 | pH adjuster for circulating water |
-
1985
- 1985-11-15 JP JP60256258A patent/JPS62115222A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62115222A (en) | 1987-05-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Watten et al. | Tropical production of tilapia (Sarotherodon aurea) and tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) in a small-scale recirculating water system | |
| Brune et al. | Intensification of pond aquaculture and high rate photosynthetic systems | |
| CN212813624U (en) | Cyclic utilization's sustainable fish dish intergrowth system | |
| FI130256B (en) | Water circulation and aeration system for aquaculture facility, related facility, methods and use | |
| KR102258856B1 (en) | Growing method of fish and vegetables using circulating farming of natural ecosystem | |
| JP7369412B1 (en) | aquaponics system | |
| KR102213378B1 (en) | Aquaponics apparatus | |
| KR101860480B1 (en) | Pigsty management system | |
| Brune et al. | 19 partitioned aquaculture systems | |
| CN215559753U (en) | Artificial wetland system for treating aquaculture tail water and circulating water aquaculture system | |
| JPH0228301B2 (en) | ||
| KR101372323B1 (en) | System and method for making oxygenic liquid state fertilizer of livestock excretions including sterilizing and intermittent circulation | |
| KR102143415B1 (en) | Aquaponics device using high-purity recirculating aquaculture system | |
| AU767938B2 (en) | Biological purification of water to any degree up to and drinking water | |
| KR102432727B1 (en) | Aquaponics system using liquefied fertilizer and microscopic organism | |
| JP2655822B2 (en) | Processing method and processing equipment for chicken dung | |
| KR102726329B1 (en) | Parallel-structured mixed-coupled aquaponics system | |
| JPH037330B2 (en) | ||
| Jongebreur et al. | Prevention and control of losses of gaseous nitrogen compounds in livestock operations: a review | |
| JPS58180293A (en) | Treatment of sewage with activated sludge | |
| JP6739709B1 (en) | Aquaponics system | |
| SU1528393A1 (en) | Method of joint growing of plants and fish | |
| JP2025051046A (en) | Culture drainage treatment system | |
| JPH06125668A (en) | Device for plant culture | |
| Ghaly et al. | A hydroponic system for purification of anaerobically treated dairy manure and production of wheat as a nutritional forage crop |