JPH025209B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a leveling method for constructing a leveled stone mound on the water bottom within an area where foundation rubble has been previously placed as the foundation for quay walls, seawalls, and other underwater structures. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for constructing a stone mound.

Conventionally, when constructing underwater structures such as breakwaters and seawalls, leveled stone mounds have been constructed under the underwater structures in order to maintain their stability and to prevent the underlying foundation ground from being scoured. The construction method for this leveling stone mound is called ``basic rubble''.
In the area where the underwater structure will be constructed, 300 kg of stones are transported by open-bottom stone carriers, etc., and approximately 30 kg of stones, called "leveling stones," are placed in the recesses between the foundation rubble. The common practice was for divers to accurately construct targets using temporary rulers set up underwater, while replenishing them from above the water using supply ships called ``Gatsuto ships.'' However, this method is inefficient because it restricts the work of divers when conditions are bad, such as deep water or currents, and it is also inefficient due to the problem of a critical shortage of divers. It had the drawback of not being able to cope with the large-scale and urgent construction work that accompanies the modernization of Japan.

Therefore, in order to carry out large-scale and expedited construction work, there are several methods of constructing leveling stone mounds using machines, such as placing leveling stones on top of the foundation rubble and using a hoist boat. Methods of compaction by dropping a weight, and methods of setting up a fixed frame underwater and using a blade that moves on the frame as a ruler to remove leveling stones that are above a certain level, have been used.
In the rolling method, there is a limit to the size of the weight, so the rolling area per spot cannot be large, and it is inefficient to construct a leveling stone mound with a wide area. Therefore, the degree of compaction differs at each location, making it undesirable as a leveling stone mound.Also, the method of removing stone using blades requires a large amount of energy to remove the stone, and the manufacturing cost of an underwater fixed frame is high, making it uneconomical. Furthermore, it has disadvantages such as the fact that even stones that are still standing are dug up by the arching action, so the accuracy of the top surface of the leveling stone mound is not necessarily good, making it undesirable for leveling stone mounds that require accuracy of ±5 cm. Furthermore, both methods using these machines had the disadvantage of poor work efficiency as they required the addition of leveling stones to replenish concavities below a certain level. be.

The inventors of the present invention have studied the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks in detail and conducted intensive research to eliminate these drawbacks, and as a result, they have completed the method and device for constructing a leveling stone mound according to the present invention.

That is, the present invention provides a reference ruler having four or more telescopic legs at the bottom of a rectangular frame, and a reference ruler mounted on the frame so as to be movable along the reference ruler. The lower end of each leg of the standard ruler of a leveling stone mound construction device that has a leveling stone supply chute with a hopper at the top and a vibratory compaction machine connected to one side of the leveling stone supply chute in the direction of movement. A plate that expands the ground contact area is removably attached to the base, and the construction device is lowered to the bottom of the water in the area where the underwater structure, etc., is to be constructed, and the foundation rubble has been placed in advance. After adjusting the construction device horizontally and to a desired height by expanding and contracting it and moving the leveling stone supply chute backward along the standard ruler toward the side where the vibrating compaction machine is connected, With the compaction machine in operation, the leveling stone is discharged from the hopper to the bottom of the water via the leveling stone supply chute, and the leveling stone supply chute is passed along the standard ruler in the opposite direction to the side where the vibrating compaction machine is connected. The leveling stone is supplied to the bottom of the water and compacted to build a leveling stone mound, and with the leveling stone supply chute moved to a predetermined position in front of the standard ruler, the plate is buried in the leveling stone mound. If the plate is buried in the leveling stone mound, remove the plate from the leg and leave it in the leveling stone mound, or if it is not buried in the leveling stone mound, lift the construction device with the plate attached to the leg and then level it. A method for constructing a leveling stone mound, the method comprising moving to a location where the leveling stone mound is to be constructed and repeating the above operation;
The present invention also provides a leveling stone mound construction device for carrying out this leveling stone mound construction method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A method and apparatus for constructing a leveling stone mound according to the present invention will be described in detail below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a leveling stone mound is being constructed using an embodiment of the leveling stone mound construction apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an illustration of the construction of the leveling stone mound shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device.

In the drawing, 1 is a rectangular frame 1a.
The standard ruler has legs 1b which are extendable and retractable by hydraulic cylinders at the lower part of each of the four corners, and a frame 1a is provided with a hanging ring 1c for suspending the leveling stone mound construction device according to the present invention. The upper surface of the frame 1a on both sides of the reference ruler 1 is provided with grooves 1d in which wheels (to be described later) move, and the inside of the frame 1a is designed to reduce overlapping and form a leveling stone mound according to the present invention. Preferably, the construction device is hollow to allow for good mobility of the construction device. The leg 1b of the reference ruler 1 is preferably attached to the frame 1a at a position where the leg 1b does not touch the upper edge or slope of the leveling stone mound that has already been constructed. Although the number of legs 1b is four, if the length of the frame 1a in the longitudinal direction is long, it does not change the gist of the present invention to use six or eight legs 1b. It is preferable that the legs 1b have a structure that allows them to be retracted to a height higher than the lower surface of the vibrating compaction machine, which will be described later, in order to allow the legs 1b to bottom on the leveling stone mound that has already been constructed. 2 is horizontally suspended on the frame 1a of the standard ruler 1 so as to be movable by wheels 2a along the grooves 1d provided on the top surface of the frame 1a on both sides of the standard ruler 1, and has an upper part above the water surface. This is a leveling stone supply chute 2 having a hopper 2b for receiving leveling stones from a Gatsu boat or the like located there, and in the illustrated embodiment, the leveling stone supply chute 2 moves in the longitudinal direction of the reference ruler 1. Although this is shown, it is also possible to adopt a structure in which the width of the leveling stone supply chute 2 is increased and the leveling stone supply chute 2 moves in the lateral direction of the reference ruler 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes a vibrating compaction machine that is connected to one side of the leveling stone supply chute 2 in the moving direction and compacts the leveling stones supplied to the bottom of the water from the leveling stone supply chute 2 by vibration. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, two units are used, but depending on the width of the leveling stone supply chute 2, there may be one or three or more units. 4 widens the ground contact area to reduce the load per unit area applied to leg 1b, and
This plate is removably attached so that it can be easily hung even if the leg 1b is buried in the leveling stone. It is preferable that the outer leg tube 4a is attached integrally. Reference numerals 5 and 6 denote winches that move the leveling stone supply chute 2 for supplying leveling stones forward and backward, respectively, along the reference ruler 1. In addition, 7 is the foundation rubble that has been placed in advance at the bottom of the water in the area where structures etc. will be constructed.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a leveling stone that is supplied and compacted by the leveling stone mound construction device according to the present invention onto the water bottom into which the foundation rubble 7 has been placed.

Next, the method for constructing a leveling stone mound according to the present invention, which is carried out using the leveling stone mound construction apparatus according to the present invention having such a structure, will be further explained.

First, the plate 4 is removably attached to the lower end of each leg 1b of the leveling stone mound construction device according to the present invention having the above-described structure, and the area for constructing an underwater structure etc. in which the foundation rubble 7 has been placed in advance is shown. Using a hoist boat or a winch boat (not shown), hang a wire around the hanging ring 1c and lower the construction device to the bottom of the water, and extend and contract the length of the leg 1b of the standard ruler 1 using a hydraulic cylinder. Adjust the construction device horizontally and to the desired height, and move the leveling stone supply chute 2 to the winch 6 attached to the standard ruler 1.
The vibration rolling machine 3 is pulled along the reference ruler 1 by
move to a predetermined position at the rear toward the side where the At this time, instead of attaching the winch 6 to the standard ruler 1, a pulley is placed on the standard ruler 1, and the leveling stone supply chute 2 is vibrated along the standard ruler 1 by a winch installed on a ship located above the water surface. It may be moved to a predetermined position at the rear toward the side where the rolling press 3 is connected. Next, the leveling stone 8 is supplied from the Gatsuto ship (not shown) to the hopper 2b using an auxiliary chute (not shown), and the leveling stone supplying chute 2 is fed while the vibration compaction machine 3 is operated.
The leveling stone is pulled by the winch 5 attached to the standard ruler 1 and moved forward along the standard ruler 1 in the opposite direction to the side where the vibrating compaction machine 3 is installed, and the leveling stone is removed from the hopper 2b. The leveling stone 8 is discharged to the bottom of the water via the supply chute 2 and is vibrated and compacted by the vibrating compaction machine 3 to construct a leveling stone mound. At this time, the leveling stone supply chute 2 is pulled by a winch 5 provided on the reference ruler 1 in the illustrated embodiment, but a pulley may be attached to the reference ruler 1 instead of the winch 5. It may be towed by a winch or the like installed on a ship located above the water surface and moved forward along the standard ruler 1 in the opposite direction to the side where the vibrating compactor 3 is installed. Leveling stone supply chute 2
The reduced amount of leveling stones 8 in the hopper 2b can be successively supplied from the gutters to the hopper 2b using an auxiliary chute. Once the leveling stone supply chute 2 has moved to a predetermined position in front of the standard ruler 1 and constructed the leveling stone mound in this way, the construction device is hoisted using a hoist or a winch boat and then leveled. Move to the location where you want to build the stone mound. At this time, if the plate 4 is buried in the leveling stone mound, remove the plate 4 from the leg 1b, leave the removed plate 4 in the leveling stone mound, and remove it from the leveling stone mound. If not, the construction device may be hung with the plate 4 attached to the leg 1b. By repeating such operations, a desired leveling stone mound is constructed. In addition, when constructing a leveling stone mound consecutively to the leveling stone mound that has already been constructed, leveling is performed with some of the legs 1b placed on the leveling stone mound that has already been constructed. It is sufficient to construct a stone mound, and the length of the leg 1b of the standard ruler 1 is expanded and contracted by a hydraulic cylinder to adjust the construction device horizontally and to a desired height. When the water depth is shallow, it is sufficient to fix the level indicator to the reference ruler 1 and make the level indicator protrude above the water surface to measure on the water surface, and when the water depth is deep, sound or water pressure can be used. All you need to do is to combine a depth sounder, inclinometer, etc., and fix it on the reference ruler 1 to measure it.
More precisely, it can be carried out by one or two divers taking measurements and immediately contacting the operator of the construction equipment.

The method of constructing a leveling stone mound according to the present invention described in detail above does not require a large number of divers or constructing an expensive underwater fixed frame as in the conventional method, and the leveling stone mound can be easily moved. It has many advantages such as constant pressure and high leveling accuracy, making it possible to build leveling stone mounds in large-scale offshore projects that are expected to be carried out in the future with high precision and efficiency. In order to implement the leveling stone mound construction method according to the present invention, which is an innovative method that can be constructed economically, and the leveling stone mound construction apparatus according to the present invention has the above-mentioned many advantages. This device has a simple structure, is relatively inexpensive and easy to manufacture, yet has a high leveling accuracy of the leveling stone mound, and a plate is removably attached to the lower end of each extendable leg. Therefore, if the plate is buried in the leveling stone mound, it can be removed from the legs and lifted while remaining in the leveling stone mound, making it easy to move the construction equipment, and the legs are also extendable. Therefore, it has the advantage that the construction device can be easily adjusted horizontally and to a desired height, and its industrial value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a leveling stone mound is being constructed using an embodiment of the leveling stone mound construction apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an illustration of the construction of the leveling stone mound shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the device. 1...Reference ruler, 1a...Frame body, 1b...Legs,
1c... Hanging ring, 1d... Groove, 2... Leveling stone supply chute, 2a... Wheel, 2b... Hopper, 3
... Vibratory compaction machine, 4 ... Plate, 4a ... Leg outer tube, 5 ... Winch, 6 ... Pulley, 7 ... Foundation rubble, 8 ... Leveling stone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reference ruler having four or more telescopic legs at the bottom of a rectangular frame, and a reference ruler mounted on the frame so as to be movable along the reference ruler. Each leg of a standard ruler of a leveling stone mound construction device having a leveling stone supply chute that is suspended and has a hopper at the top, and a vibratory compaction machine connected to one side of the leveling stone supply chute in the direction of movement. A plate that expands the ground contact area is removably attached to the lower end, and the construction device is lowered to the bottom of the water in the area where the underwater structure, etc. is to be constructed, where foundation rubble has been placed in advance, and it is then placed on the bottom. After adjusting the construction device horizontally and to the desired height by extending and retracting the legs, the leveling stone supply chute is moved rearward along the reference ruler toward the side where the vibratory compaction machine is connected. With the vibratory compaction machine in operation, the leveling stone is discharged from the hopper to the bottom of the water via the leveling stone supply chute, and the leveling stone supply chute is connected to the side where the vibratory compaction machine is connected along the standard ruler. The leveling stone is moved in the opposite direction, and the leveling stone is supplied to the bottom of the water and compacted to build a leveling stone mound. With the leveling stone supply chute moved to a predetermined position in front of the standard ruler, the plate is placed in the leveling stone mound. If the plate is buried, remove it from the leg and leave it in the leveling stone mound, or if it is not buried in the leveling stone mound, lift the construction device with the plate attached to the leg and move on. A method for constructing a leveling stone mound, which comprises moving the leveling stone mound to a place where the leveling stone mound is to be constructed and repeating the above operation. 2. The method for constructing a leveling stone mound according to claim 1, wherein the leveling stone supply chute is pulled by a winch mounted on the reference ruler to move it along the reference ruler. 3. The method for constructing a leveling stone mound according to claim 1, wherein the leveling stone supply chute is towed by a boat on the water surface via a pulley attached to a standard ruler and moved along the standard ruler. . 4. A reference ruler 1, which has four or more legs 1b, each of which is extendable and retractable by a hydraulic cylinder, at the bottom of a rectangular frame 1a, and a hanging ring 1c is provided on the frame 1a, and a reference. Frame 1 of ruler 1
The wheel 2 is moved along the groove 1d provided on the upper surface of a.
a leveling stone supply chute 2 which is movably mounted on the frame 1a of the reference ruler 1 and has a hopper 2b on its upper part, and is connected to one side of the leveling stone supply chute 2 in the moving direction The device for constructing a leveling stone mound is characterized in that a plate 4 for enlarging the ground contact area is removably attached to the lower end of each leg 1b of a reference ruler 1. 5. The leveling stone mound construction device according to claim 4, wherein the inside of the frame 1a is hollow.