JPS6142055B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a leveling stone leveling method and apparatus for leveling a rubble foundation formed on the ground at the bottom of the water as a foundation for a quay wall, seawall, or other underwater structure. .

The conventional method of forming a rubble foundation is to first transport and deposit 200 to 300 kg of stones called ``rubble foundation'' into the area at the bottom of the water where the foundation rubble is to be formed, to a level close to the standard level using an open-bottom stone carrier. do. In this case, the uneven state is usually in the range of ±1.0 to 1.5 m from the reference level. Next, a rough leveling operation called ``rough leveling'' is performed by the diver using a winch installed on the diver's ship. This is the work of moving foundation rubble that is above the standard level to a place below the standard level. Finally, a highly accurate leveling process called ``hon-yoshi'' is performed using various methods. One method is carried out by divers, in which approximately 30 kg of stones called ``level stones'' are supplied from above the water surface to the depressions between the foundation rubble using a supply ship called a ``Gatsuto ship.'' However, it is a commonly used method in which divers use a ruler temporarily set up underwater to complete the process with high precision. However, this method is inefficient because it restricts the work of divers when conditions are poor, such as deep water or current, and it is not suitable for large-scale construction due to the problem of an absolute shortage of divers. The other method is to use a machine, such as a method in which leveling stones are first placed on top of the foundation rubble and compaction is performed by dropping a weight using a hoist, or a method in which a fixed frame is placed underwater. A method is used in which leveling stones that are above a standard level are discharged using a blade that moves on a frame using a ruler. However, in the rolling method, there is a limit to the size of the weight, so the rolling area per spot cannot be large, and it is inefficient for leveling a wide range of surfaces. There is a difference in the degree of compaction, making it undesirable as a rubble foundation.Also, the method of removing stone using blades requires a large amount of energy to remove the stone, and the manufacturing cost of the underwater fixed frame is high, making it less economical. Furthermore, they each have drawbacks such as the leveling accuracy is not necessarily good because even stones that are left standing are dug up by the arching action.Furthermore, both of these methods using machines do not work well in recesses that are below the standard level. This method had the disadvantage of poor work efficiency as it required the addition of leveling stones.

The inventors of the present invention have studied the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks in detail and conducted intensive research to eliminate these drawbacks, and as a result, have completed the leveling stone leveling method and device according to the present invention.

That is, the present invention forms a reference mound, which serves as a starting point for leveling stones, in a part of the water bottom in an area where a structure or the like is to be constructed, in which foundation rubble has been previously introduced at a level below the standard level and close to the standard level, A leveling stone supply chute with a hopper above the front;
A leveling stone leveling device is suspended from the water surface, which has a leveling plate and a bottom plate with a vibrating body connected in that order, and a perpendicular strip plate parallel to the leveling direction is fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom plate. The vessel is placed on the reference mound while maintaining a normal posture, and the leveling stone is discharged from the hopper to the unleveled part of the bottom of the water via the leveling stone supply chute, and the bottom plate is vibrated by the vibrator. By moving the leveling device of the leveling stone forward,
A method for leveling a leveling stone, characterized in that the top surface of the leveling stone is made uniform by a leveling plate, and the leveling stone is continuously leveled by rolling the leveling stone against a vibrating bottom plate,
A leveling stone supply door that is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder is provided on the lower front side of the leveling stone supply chute, which has a hopper above and allows leveling stones to be discharged from below by gravity. At the rear of the lower end of the chute, there is provided a leveling plate with a lower rear end.Furthermore, at the rear end of this leveling plate, a vibrating body is placed on the upper surface, parallel to the direction of travel and perpendicular to the lower surface. A leveling stone leveling device characterized by having a continuous bottom plate to which a strip is fixed, and at least one leveling stone leveling device on both sides with respect to the traveling direction of the bottom plate of the leveling stone leveling device. To provide a leveling device for a leveling stone, characterized in that each slope correction jack is provided.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the leveling stone leveling method and device according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of one embodiment of the leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention using another embodiment Figures 3 and 4 are explanatory diagrams showing the state in which the stone leveling method is being carried out, respectively, along lines X-X and Y-Y in Figure 2.
5 is an enlarged line sectional view, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of the Z section in FIG. 4.

In the drawings, reference numeral 1 designates a hopper that receives and can house a leveling stone f supplied from a gas vessel through an auxiliary chute (not shown). In the illustrated embodiment, the hopper 1 carries a floating body 2. have. 3 is a leveling stone supply chute which has a hopper 1 at the top, can contain a leveling stone f together with the hopper 1, and allows the leveling stone f to be released by gravity from below onto the unleveled part d of the water bottom. A leveling stone supply door 4 is provided on the lower front side of this leveling stone supply chute 3, which can be opened and closed to any desired degree by a remotely controlled hydraulic cylinder 5 to freely adjust the amount of leveling stone f released. It is being Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, this leveling stone supply chute 3 is divided into a plurality of (two in FIG. 1) symmetrically below the hopper 1, and a leveling stone supply door 4 is attached to each of the divided sections. If it is installed on the lower front side of the leveling stone supply chute 3 and can be opened and closed separately to any desired degree, the leveling stone can be placed on the right side in the direction of movement of the leveling device depending on the condition of the bottom of the water. It is also possible and desirable to change the discharge amount of the leveling stone f between the left side and the left side. Reference numeral 6 denotes a leveling plate that is installed at the rear of the lower end of the leveling stone supply chute 3 and is made of a flat plate with a downward slope on the rear side or a downwardly convex curved plate. The upper surface of the leveling stone f discharged to the leveling part d is leveled uniformly, and the front part of the leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention is lifted by the reaction force at that time, and the leveling stone leveling device is activated. This makes it easy to move forward, and at this time, if the floating body 2 is provided on the hopper 1, it acts as a force to lift the hopper 1 and the leveling stone supply chute 3. can be easily moved forward. 7 is a bottom plate that is connected to the rear end of the leveling plate 6 and is vibrated by the vibration of a vibrating body 8 that is fixed on the top surface and compacts the leveling stone f; 9 is a leveling stone; It is fixed perpendicularly to the lower surface of the bottom plate 7 parallel to the direction of movement of the leveling device, and bites into the leveling stone f to prevent the leveling device from meandering or moving laterally. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, one strip plate 9 is provided in the center, but a structure in which two or three strip plates 9 are provided parallel to each other at intervals may also be adopted. . Reference numeral 10 indicates an inclination correction jack which is preferably provided at least one on each side of the bottom plate 7 with respect to the traveling direction of the leveling stone leveling device, and if this inclination correction jack 10 is provided, the fourth Even if the upper surface of the leveling stone f is inclined as shown in the figure, the leveling stone f leveling device can be kept horizontal by jacking up the leveling stone. 7
If the leveling stone is installed at the four corners of the stone, it is possible to maintain the leveling device at the desired angle (mainly horizontal) not only in the left and right directions but also in the front and back directions. In addition, the contact portion 1 of this inclination correction jack 10 to the leveling stone f
1 preferably has a sled shape as shown in FIG. 5 so that it can be moved while being jacked up.

Next, a leveling stone leveling method according to the present invention will be described in which leveling stone f is leveled using the leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention having the structure explained above.

First, leveling stones are poured into a part of the area where a structure, etc. is to be built, with foundation rubble e placed below standard level b (target leveling level of leveling stones) and close to the standard level. A reference mound C is formed as a starting point for leveling with a leveling stone. Since this reference mound C becomes the target for leveling the leveling stone f to be supplied thereafter, the reference level B
It is desirable that they match. Next, the leveling stone leveling device described above was lowered from the water surface a and landed on the bottom of the reference mound C while maintaining the normal posture as shown in Figure 1, and an auxiliary chute (not shown) was used from the Gatsuto boat. The leveling stone f is supplied to the hopper 1, and the bottom plate 7 is vibrated by the vibrating body 8 while the leveling stone f is discharged from the hopper 1 through the leveling stone supply chute 3 to the leveling part d at the bottom of the water. By moving the leveling device of the leveling stone forward, the top surface of the leveling stone f is leveled uniformly by the leveling plate 6, and the top surface of the leveling stone f is leveled continuously by rolling pressure by the vibrating bottom plate 7. Level the stone f. Incidentally, the amount of the leveling stone f in the leveling stone leveling device can be reduced by sequentially supplying it to the hopper 1 using an auxiliary chute from the Gatsuto boat, and the leveling stone leveling device can be moved by towing. In addition, as a method of detecting errors from the standard level, when the water depth is shallow, the level indicator is fixed to a leveling device with leveling stones, and the level indicator is made to protrude above the water surface and measurements are taken above the water surface. If the water is deep, it is sufficient to combine a depth sounder or inclinometer that uses acoustic or water pressure and fix it to a leveling stone leveling device and take continuous measurements. This can be done by two divers taking measurements and immediately contacting the operator of the leveling stone leveling device.

Furthermore, if the inclination correction jack 10 is used, even if the angle of the bottom plate 7 is arbitrarily adjusted, the strip 9 fixed to the lower surface of the bottom plate 7 will bite into the leveling stone f, so that the leveling stone leveling device leveling stone f will not cause skidding, even on slopes that slope down to the right or left.
Furthermore, even if the top surface of the leveling stone f is not horizontal as shown in FIG. 4, it is possible to level the surface by correcting it horizontally.

As explained above, the leveling stone leveling method according to the present invention does not require a large number of divers or construct an expensive underwater fixed frame unlike the conventional method, and the rolling force is constant. It is expected to be used as rubble stone in large-scale offshore development, which is expected to be implemented in the future, because it has many advantages such as high leveling accuracy and speedy work because it can be leveled continuously. The leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention is an innovative method that allows foundation work to be carried out efficiently and economically with high accuracy, and the leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention has the above-mentioned many advantages. It is a device for carrying out the leveling method, and although it has a simple structure and is relatively inexpensive and easy to manufacture, it includes a hopper, a leveling stone supply chute, and a leveling stone supply that manage the supply of leveling stones. A door, a leveling plate for leveling the supplied leveling stones, and a bottom plate with a vibrating body for rolling the leveling stones leveled by the leveling plate with a constant rolling force are arranged in this order from the front. Because of its structure, the leveling accuracy of the leveling stone is high, and the bottom plate has vertical strips fixed to the bottom surface parallel to the leveling direction, making it easy to regulate the leveling direction. This has the advantage that the angle of the bottom plate can be adjusted arbitrarily, and the industrial value of the present invention is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of one embodiment of the leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a leveling stone leveling device according to the present invention using another embodiment Explanatory diagrams of the state in which the stone leveling method is being carried out, Figures 3 and 4 are X-X lines and Y-Y lines in Figure 2, respectively.
5 is an enlarged line sectional view, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of the Z section in FIG. 4. 1...Hopper, 2...Floating body, 3...Leveling stone supply chute, 4...Leveling stone supply door, 5...Hydraulic cylinder,
6... Leveling plate, 7... Bottom plate, 8... Vibrator, 9... Band plate,
10...Slope correction jack, 11...Contact part, a...Water surface, b...Reference level, c...Reference mound, d...Unleveled portion, e...Foundation rubble, f...Leveling stone.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A reference mound is formed as a starting point for leveling on a part of the water bottom in an area where a structure, etc. is to be constructed, into which foundation rubble has been poured in advance at a level below the standard level and close to the standard level. From the front, a leveling stone supply chute with a hopper above it, a leveling plate, and a bottom plate with a vibrating body are successively installed in this order, and a strip plate perpendicular to the leveling direction is fixed to the bottom surface of the bottom plate. A leveling device for leveling stones is lowered from the water surface, and it is placed on the bottom of the reference mound while maintaining a normal posture, and the leveling stones are transferred from the hopper to the leveling stone supply chute to the unleveled part of the water bottom. By moving forward the leveling device of the leveling stone, which vibrates the bottom plate with a vibrating body while emitting a leveling stone, the top surface of the leveling stone is evenly leveled by the leveling plate, and the bottom plate is vibrated. A method of leveling a leveling stone, which is characterized by rolling it down and leveling the leveling stone continuously. 2. A leveling stone supply door 4 that is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided on the lower front side of the leveling stone supply chute 3 which has the hopper 1 above and releases the leveling stone f from below by gravity, Further, a leveling plate 6 with a lower rear side is provided at the rear side of the lower end of the leveling stone supply chute 3, and furthermore, this leveling plate 6
A leveling stone characterized in that a bottom plate 7 is connected to the rear end thereof, to which a vibrating body 8 is fixed on the upper surface and a vertical strip plate 9 is fixed on the lower surface parallel to the direction of movement. Device. 3 The leveling stone supply chute 3 is divided into a plurality of parts symmetrically at the bottom of the hopper 1, and the leveling stone supply door 4 is provided at the lower front side of each divided leveling stone supply chute 3. 3. The leveling stone leveling device according to claim 2, wherein the leveling stone leveling device has two sides and can be opened and closed separately. 4 A leveling stone supply door 4 that is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided on the lower front side of the leveling stone supply chute 3 which has the hopper 1 above and releases the leveling stone f from below by natural fall, Further, a leveling plate 6 with a lower rear side is provided at the rear side of the lower end of the leveling stone supply chute 3, and furthermore, this leveling plate 6
At the rear end, a vibrator 8 is fixed on the upper surface, a strip plate 9 is fixed parallel to the traveling direction and perpendicular to the lower surface, and at least one tilt correction jack 10 is provided on each side with respect to the traveling direction. A leveling device for a leveling stone, characterized in that a bottom plate 7 is connected to the leveling stone. 5 The leveling stone supply chute 3 is divided into a plurality of parts symmetrically at the bottom of the hopper 1, and the leveling stone supply door 4 is provided on the lower front side of each of the divided leveling stone supply chute 3. 5. The leveling stone leveling device according to claim 4, which has a leveling stone that can be opened and closed separately. 6. The leveling stone leveling device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the abutting portion 11 of the inclination correction jack 10 to the leveling stone f is curved.