JPH0252792B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a heat pump device for air conditioning/heating and hot water supply that is capable of air conditioning/heating and heating of water in a water tank.

[Prior art]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there has been a heat pump device for heating and cooling as shown in FIG. 1, and a heat pump device for heating and cooling and hot water supply as shown in FIG. 2. 1st
The refrigerant circuit of the heat pump device shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2 for switching between air conditioning and heating, an indoor heat exchanger 3, an expansion mechanism 4, and an outdoor heat exchanger 5. In the heat pump device shown in Figure 1,
The indoor heat exchanger 3 provided between the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the four-way valve 2 connects to the four-way valve 2 via the solenoid valve 13.
It is connected to the. Further, in FIG. 2, 6 is a water storage tank, 8 is a hot water tank heating coil that heats the water in the water tank 6, 14 is a city water intake port to the hot water tank 6, and 15 is a water storage tank.
is a faucet for hot water supply, and in the heat pump device shown in FIG. It is connected to the four-way valve 2 via 13.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be explained.

The heat pump device shown in FIG. 1 is for heating and cooling a room. During cooling, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows as shown by the solid arrow in the figure, reaches the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is cooled and condensed. The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid is depressurized through one expansion valve 4a of the expansion mechanism 4, and the refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 3. The low-pressure refrigerant liquid whose pressure has been reduced by the expansion valve 4a is evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 3, removes heat from the room, and is gasified. This low-pressure refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter. During heating,
High-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows as indicated by the broken line arrow in the figure and reaches the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3, where it radiates heat and condenses to perform heating. The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid passes through the other expansion valve 4b of the expansion mechanism 4 and is depressurized. The depressurized refrigerant liquid reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is heated by the outside air and evaporates. This low-pressure refrigerant gas passes through the four-way valve 2, is sucked into the compressor 1, is compressed, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter.

In the heat pump device shown in Fig. 2, a part of the indoor heat exchanger is replaced with a hot water storage tank heating coil 8, and when heating hot water, the solenoid valve 13 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side is opened, the four-way valve 2 is set to the heating side, and During heating and cooling, the solenoid valve 13 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side is opened, and the solenoid valve 13 on the heating coil 8 side is closed. Note that the operations of the heat pump device shown in FIG. 2 other than those described above are the same as those of the heat pump device shown in FIG. 1.

However, in order to heat water in the hot water tank 6 with the conventional heat pump device shown in FIG. 2, a heating coil 8 installed in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 3 is inserted into the hot water tank 6, Since the water in the water storage tank 6 is operated in such a way that the water in the water tank 6 is heated, there is a problem in that the water in the water storage tank 6 cannot be heated by recovering waste heat during cooling.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention attempts to solve the problems of the conventional ones as described above, and the discharge side of the compressor is branched through a first switching valve such as a three-way valve, and one branch is converted into a four-way valve. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the other branch to the hot water tank heating coil to heat the water in the hot water tank, and the refrigerant condensed by this heating is passed through the second switching valve to the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers, respectively. Connect to the piping on the four-way valve side for air conditioning, heating,
By selectively flowing the refrigerant according to each operation mode of hot water supply, it is possible to perform heating and cooling and hot water supply at the same time, and the waste heat from cooling can be recovered to heat the water in the hot water storage tank. The purpose of this project is to provide a heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply that is both efficient and economical.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In Fig. 3, 1 is a compressor 1, 2 is a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is an expansion mechanism, and 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, which are the conventional ones shown in Fig. 1. It is installed in the refrigerant circuit as well. 6 is a water tank, and 7 is a first three-way valve for switching the refrigerant. The first three-way valve 7 has an inlet 7a on the discharge side of the compressor 1 of the refrigerant circuit, one branch 7b is connected to the four-way valve 2, and the other branch 7c is inserted into the hot water storage tank 6 via piping 10. It is connected to the hot water tank heating coil 8. The pipe 11 on the outlet side of the heating coil 8 is the inlet 9a of the second three-way valve 9 for refrigerant switching.
The second three-way valve 9 has one branch 9b connected to the refrigerant circuit between the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3, and the other branch 9c connected between the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5. connected to the refrigerant circuit. 12 is an inverter for controlling the capacity of the compressor 1 in the refrigerant circuit; 14 is a city water intake that communicates with the lower end of the hot water tank 6; and 15 is a faucet installed in the hot water outlet pipe that communicates with the upper end of the hot water tank 6. , 16 are first and second three-way valves 7,
9, and a control device for controlling the four-way valve 2.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device of this embodiment will be explained.

During heating, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 of the refrigerant circuit is passed through the inlet 7a of the first three-way valve 7 to the branch 7.
Since it is connected to branch 7b, four-way valve 2
It flows as shown by the broken line arrow in Fig. 3 to the indoor heat exchanger 3, where it condenses to become a refrigerant liquid, passes through the expansion mechanism 4, and evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it flows through the four-way valve. It returns to the compressor 1 via the broken line 2.

During heating and hot water supply, part of the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows by switching the first three-way valve 7 in the same manner as during heating, and the other part flows through the first three-way valve 7. Inlet 7a of valve 7 branches 7c
The water in the hot water storage tank 6 is heated by the heating coil 8 through the pipe 10 from the branch 7c, and some of the water is condensed and becomes a refrigerant liquid, while the other part is condensed. In some cases, the refrigerant passes through the pipe 11, and the inlet 9a of the second three-way valve 9 is connected to the branch 9b, so that the refrigerant passes through the indoor heat exchanger 3. It joins with the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant circuit, and thereafter flows in the same way as during heating.

In addition, during hot water supply for heating, the first three-way valve 7 is connected between the inlet 7a and the branch 7b in the same way as during heating, and an indoor temperature detector (not shown) such as a thermostat detects that the room temperature is higher than the set value. , the first three-way valve 7 is switched to open the inlet 7a and the branch 7.
connection c, the heating is stopped, and the water in the hot water tank 6 is heated by the heating coil 8, and when the room temperature reaches the set value, the heating of the water in the hot water tank 6 is stopped and the heating is returned to the heating state. , performs selective operation of heating and hot water heating. Furthermore, the first three-way valve 7 is connected to the inlet 7a and the branch 7b and the inlet 7 is connected at short intervals using a timer or the like.
A and branch 7c may be connected to time-divide the refrigerant for heating and hot water supply.

During cooling, since the inlet 7a of the first three-way valve 7 and the branch 7b are connected, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the solid line of the four-way valve 2 and flows into the third
It flows as shown by the solid arrow in the figure and reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it condenses and becomes a refrigerant liquid.It passes through the expansion mechanism 4 and reaches the indoor heat exchanger 3, where it evaporates and becomes a refrigerant gas. It returns to the compressor 1 via the solid line of valve 2.

During hot water supply for cooling, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 is guided to the heating coil 8 because the inlet 7a of the first three-way valve 7 and the branch 7c are connected, where it heats the water in the hot water tank 6. Then, some or all of the refrigerant condenses, passes from the pipe 11 through the inlet 9a of the second three-way valve 9 and the other branch 9c, and is liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 5. After passing through the expansion mechanism 4, the refrigerant is converted into indoor heat. It reaches the exchanger 3, where it evaporates into refrigerant gas, and returns to the compressor 1 via the solid line of the four-way valve 2. In this case, the blower of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 can be operated more effectively if the heat exchange capacity is adjusted by stopping or changing the rotation speed depending on the liquefaction state of the inflowing refrigerant. In this way, conventionally, all of the refrigerant condensation heat was wasted from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 during cooling, but by forming the refrigerant flow as described above, the waste heat during cooling is transferred to the hot water storage tank. The water inside can be effectively recovered as a heating source.

When heating hot water, the refrigerant gas flows through the first three-way valve 7.
Since the inlet 7a and the branch 7c are connected, the water passes through the heating coil 8, where the water in the hot water storage tank 6 is heated and some or all of the water is condensed, and then the refrigerant returns to the condensed state and the outside temperature state. Accordingly, the connection route of the second three-way valve 9 can be selected, such that when the outside temperature is low, the route for heating and hot water supply is followed, and when the outside temperature is high, the route for cooling and hot water supply is followed. can do. For example, when the outside temperature is low,
from one branch 9b of the three-way valve 9 to the indoor heat exchanger 3
The refrigerant then passes through the expansion mechanism 4 to the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it evaporates into refrigerant gas, and returns to the compressor 1 via the broken line of the four-way valve 2.

In the embodiment described above, the operations of heating, heating hot water supply, cooling, cooling hot water supply, and hot water supply heating are controlled by the control device 16 through the first three-way valve 7 and the second three-way valve 9.
This is done by controlling the four-way valve 2. Further, the compressor 1 performs capacity control by changing the frequency of the driving power source for the compressor 1 using the inverter 12.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the number of indoor heat exchangers 3 is one, but in the present invention, the number of indoor heat exchangers may be two or more. In the embodiment, the first switching valve is
However, in the present invention, two two-way valves may be used as the first switching valve to perform the same operation,
Further, the first switching valve such as the first three-way valve may be an electrically operated valve capable of adjusting the flow rate. In this invention, the expansion mechanism 4 uses a reversible electrically driven expansion valve whose opening degree can be adjusted according to the refrigerant flow rate, and the refrigerant inflow direction can be either left or right in FIG. More effective driving becomes possible. In the embodiments described above, the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers are air type, but the present invention can also be applied to water type indoor and outdoor heat exchangers. In the embodiment, the capacity of the compressor is controlled by an inverter, but in this invention, the compressor is divided into a plurality of units, and only the required number is operated by a control device to control the capacity. It's okay.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention provides a heat pump device for heating/cooling/hot water supply in which the compressor discharge side of the refrigerant circuit is branched into two by a first switching valve, one of which is a four-way valve for switching between heating and cooling, and the other is a four-way valve for switching between heating and cooling. is connected to the hot water storage tank heating coil, and the outlet side of this heating coil is branched into two by a second switching valve, one of which is connected to the piping between the four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, and the other is connected to the four-way valve. and the outdoor heat exchanger, and as a first switching valve, there are two positions for directing the refrigerant from the compressor to either the four-way valve or the heating coil, or to both. It is characterized in that a switching valve is used which has a third position pointing simultaneously. This makes it possible to supply refrigerant from the compressor to the indoor heat exchanger, outdoor heat exchanger, or heating coil depending on the operating state during each operating state of air conditioning, cooling, hot water supply, space heating, and heating/hot water supply. , extremely high operating efficiency can be achieved. Furthermore, in the cooling/hot water supply operation state, waste heat from cooling can be used as a heat source for hot water supply, resulting in even higher operating efficiency.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply, and Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another example of a heat pump device for heating and cooling hot water according to the present invention. 1... Compressor, 2... Four-way valve, 3... Indoor heat exchanger, 4... Expansion mechanism, 5... Outdoor heat exchanger, 6
... Hot water storage tank, 7... First three-way valve (first switching valve), 8... Heating coil, 9... Second three-way valve (second switching valve), 12... Inverter, 15... …
Faucet, 16...control device. In addition, the same parts or corresponding parts in the figures are indicated by the same reference numerals.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a heat pump device for air conditioning/hot water supply equipped with a compressor, a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, an indoor heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism with reversible refrigerant flow, and an outdoor heat exchanger, the compressor discharge side of the refrigerant circuit is connected to the One branch is connected to a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, the other branch is connected to a hot water storage tank heating coil, and the outlet side of the heating coil is connected to a second switching valve. Branch into two with a switching valve, connect one branch to piping connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve, connect the other branch to the piping connecting the four-way valve and the outdoor heat exchanger, The first switching valve supplies refrigerant from the compressor only to the four-way valve.
, a second position for supplying only the heating coil, and a third position for simultaneously supplying both the four-way valve and the heating coil.
Heat pump equipment for hot water supply.