JPH0621741B2 - Heat pump device for air conditioning and hot water supply - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat pump device for cooling / heating / hot water supply capable of cooling / heating and heating water in a hot water storage tank.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, there is a heat pump device for cooling and heating shown in FIG. 1, and a heat pump device for cooling and heating / hot water supply shown in FIG. The refrigerant circuit of the heat pump device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is provided with a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2 for switching between heating and cooling, an indoor heat exchanger 3, an expansion mechanism 4 and an outdoor heat exchanger 5. In the heat pump device of FIG. 1, an indoor heat exchanger 3 provided between the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the four-way valve 2 is connected to the four-way valve 2 via a solenoid valve 13. In FIG. 2, 6 is a hot water storage tank, 8 is a hot water storage tank heating coil for heating water in the hot water storage tank 6, 14 is city water intake to the hot water storage tank 6, and 15 is a hot water supply faucet. In the heat pump device of FIG. 2, the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the heating coil 8 are provided in parallel between the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the four-way valve 2, and these are connected to the four-way valve 2 via the respective solenoid valves 13. It is connected.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device of FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described.

The heat pump device shown in FIG. 1 is for cooling and heating a room. During cooling, the refrigerant gas at the hot pressure discharged from the compressor 1 flows as shown by the solid line arrow in the figure to reach the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is cooled and condensed. The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid is decompressed through one expansion valve 4a of the expansion mechanism 4, and the refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 3. Expansion valve 4
The low-pressure refrigerant liquid depressurized in a is evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 3 to take heat from the room and be gasified. This low-pressure refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter. At the time of heating, the refrigerant gas of the hot pressure discharged from the compressor 1 flows as shown by the broken line arrow in the figure to reach the four-way valve 2 and the indoor heat exchanger 3, where heat is radiated and condensed to perform heating. The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid is depressurized through the other expansion valve 4b of the expansion mechanism 4. The decompressed refrigerant liquid reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is heated by the outside air and evaporated. This low-pressure refrigerant gas is a four-way valve 2
After passing through, the compressor 1 is sucked and compressed, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter.

In the heat pump device of FIG. 2, a part of the indoor heat exchanger is changed to the hot water tank heating coil 8, the solenoid valve 13 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side is closed when the hot water is heated, and the solenoid valve 13 on the heating il 8 side is closed.
To open the four-way valve 2 to the heating side, and to open the electromagnetic valve 13 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side and close the electromagnetic valve 13 on the heating coil 8 side during heating and cooling. The operation of the heat pump apparatus of FIG. 2 other than the above is the same as that of the heat pump apparatus of FIG.

However, in the conventional heat pump device as shown in FIG. 2, in order to heat the water in the hot water storage tank 6, the heating coil 8 provided in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 3 is inserted into the hot water storage tank 6, Since the operation of heating the water in 6 is performed, the operation of recovering the waste heat at the time of cooling to heat the water in the hot water storage tank 6 cannot be performed, and the same refrigerant is used for cooling and heating and hot water supply. Therefore, there is a problem that the upper limit is about 55 to 60 ° C. when heating water.

[Outline of Invention]

The present invention is intended to solve the problems of the conventional ones described above, and branches the discharge side of the compressor of the first refrigerant circuit through a first switching valve such as a three-way valve, while Is connected to a four-way valve, the hot pressure refrigerant is guided from the other branch to the hot water tank heating coil to heat the water in the hot water tank, and the refrigerant condensed by this heating is indoors and outdoors respectively via the solenoid valve. Connect to the pipe on the four-way valve side of the heat exchanger,
By selectively allowing the refrigerant to flow according to each operation mode of cooling and heating / hot water supply, it is possible to perform heating / cooling and hot water supply at the same time, and to recover waste heat during cooling and heat the water in the hot water storage tank. Further, in addition to the operation of heating the water in the hot water storage tank by the first refrigerant circuit, or by operating the second refrigerant circuit independently of this operation, the heating / cooling / hot water supply that economically obtains the hot water discharge temperature. A heat pump device for a vehicle is provided.

Example of Invention

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 3, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve for switching heating and cooling, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is an expansion mechanism, 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, and these are conventional ones shown in FIG. Similarly to the above, the first refrigerant circuit 25 is provided. 6 is a hot water storage tank, and 7 is a three-way valve for switching the refrigerant. The three-way valve 7 is provided with an inlet 7a on the discharge side of the compressor 1 of the first refrigerant circuit 25, one branch 7b is connected to the four-way valve 2, and the other branch 7c is connected to the pipe 12.
Is connected to the hot water tank heating coil 8 inserted in the hot water tank 6. The pipe 12 is branched on the outlet side of the heating coil 8, and the pipe 16 branched from the branch portion 11 is interposed between the four-way valve 2 of the first refrigerant circuit 25 and the indoor heat exchanger 3 via one solenoid valve 9. It is connected. The pipe 17 branched from the branch portion 11 is connected to the first refrigerant circuit 25 via the other solenoid valve 10.
Is connected between the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5. 1
8 is an inverter for controlling the capacity of the compressor 1, 14 is a city water intake communicating with the lower end of the hot water tank 6, and 15 is the hot water tank 6.
A faucet provided in the hot water discharge pipe 24 communicating with the upper end of the control valve 19 is a control device for controlling the three-way valve 7 and the solenoid valves 9 and 10.

Further, 26 is a second refrigerant circuit independent of the first refrigerant circuit 25, and the second refrigerant circuit 26 is provided with a compressor 20, a condenser 21, an expansion mechanism 22 and an evaporator 23. The evaporator 23 of the second refrigerant circuit 26 is located at almost the same position as the heating coil 8 in the hot water storage tank 6, and the condenser 21 is located in the hot water storage tank 6.
Each of them is installed at a position below the water surface above the evaporator 23.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device of this embodiment will be described.

At the time of heating, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 of the first refrigerant circuit 25 passes through the broken line of the four-way valve 2 from the branch 7b because the inlet 7a of the three-way valve 7 is connected to the branch 7b. Flows as shown by the dashed arrow in the figure to reach the indoor heat exchanger 3,
Here, it condenses into a refrigerant liquid, passes through the expansion mechanism 4, evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and passes through the broken line of the four-way valve 2 to the compressor 1
Return to.

During heating and hot water supply, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 partially flows in the same manner as during heating described above by switching the three-way valve 7, and the other part of the refrigerant gas flows into the inlet 7 of the three-way valve 7.
Since a is also connected to branch 7c, branch 7c
The water in the hot water storage tank 6 is heated by the heating coil 8 through the pipe 12 from a part, and a part thereof is condensed to become a refrigerant liquid, but the other part is not condensed and may be in a gas state. Such a refrigerant passes through the solenoid valve 9, merges with the refrigerant liquid in the first refrigerant circuit 25 that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 3, and thereafter flows in the same manner as during heating.

When heating and hot water supply, the three-way valve 7 is connected to the inlet 7a and the branch 7b as in the case of heating, and when the room temperature rises above a set value with an indoor temperature detector (not shown) such as a thermostat. , The three-way valve 7 is switched to connect the inlet 7a and the branch 7c, the heating is stopped, the heating coil 8 heats the water in the hot water tank 6, and when the room temperature becomes lower than the set value, the water in the hot water tank 6 is Stop the heating of and return to heating, and perform selective operation of heating and hot water heating. Further, the three-way valve 7 may be switched to the connection between the inlet 7a and the branch 7b and the connection between the inlet 7a and the branch 7c by a timer or the like at short time intervals, and the refrigerant may be distributed in a time-sharing manner to heating and hot water supply.

During cooling, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the solid line of the four-way valve 2 as shown in FIG. 3 because the inlet 7a of the three-way valve 7 and the branch 7b are connected and the solenoid valves 9 and 10 are closed. It flows as shown by the solid line arrow to reach the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is condensed into a refrigerant liquid and passes through the expansion mechanism 4 to the indoor heat exchanger 3
And evaporates into a refrigerant gas here, and returns to the compressor 1 via the solid line of the four-way valve 2.

At the time of cooling hot water supply, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 is guided to the heating coil 8 because the inlet 7a of the three-way valve 7 and the branch 7c are connected, where the water in the hot water storage tank 6 is heated to a certain temperature. Part or all is condensed, passes through the solenoid valve 10 from the pipe 17, all the refrigerant is liquefied in the outdoor heat exchanger 5, reaches the indoor heat exchanger 3 through the expansion mechanism 4, and is evaporated here to become a refrigerant gas. , Return to the compressor 1 via the solid line of the four-way valve 2.
In this case, the blower of the outdoor heat exchanger 5 can be operated more effectively if the heat exchanger capacity is adjusted by stopping or changing the rotation speed according to the liquefied state of the inflowing refrigerant. In this way, in the conventional cooling, all the heat of condensation of the refrigerant was wasted from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 during the cooling, but by forming the flow of the refrigerant as described above, the waste heat of the cooling is stored in the hot water storage tank. It is effectively recovered as a heat source for water.

At the time of heating the hot water supply, the refrigerant gas passes through the heating coil 8 because the three-way valve 7 is connected to the inlet 7a and the branch 7c, where the water in the hot water storage tank 6 is heated to partially or entirely condense. After that, the route can be selected according to the condensed state of the refrigerant and the state of the outside temperature.When the outside temperature is low, the route for heating and hot water supply, and when the outside temperature is high, the route for cooling and hot water supply. You can follow it. For example, when the outside air temperature is low, the electromagnetic valve 9 passes through the indoor heat exchanger 3 and the expansion mechanism 4 to reach the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is evaporated to become a refrigerant gas and passes through the broken line of the four-way valve 2. Return to compressor 1.

At the time of raising the temperature of the hot water supply, the second refrigerant circuit 26 is superposed or independently provided at the time of each mode operation of the first refrigerant circuit 25 described above.
When the compressor 20 is driven, the high-temperature refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 20 is condensed in the condenser 21 to heat the water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6 to reach the expansion mechanism 23 where it is decompressed and evaporated. The container 23 absorbs heat from the water in the lower part of the hot water tank 6 to evaporate it, and returns to the compressor 20. Then, the refrigerant sealed in the second refrigerant circuit 26 has a higher temperature and a lower pressure than the refrigerant sealed in the first refrigerant circuit 25, for example, R-22 and the second refrigerant in the first refrigerant circuit 25. By using R-12 or the like in the circuit 26, the water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6 can be heated to a temperature higher than the temperature heated by the heating coil 8. The temperature raising operation by the above-described second refrigerant circuit 26 is conventionally performed at a relatively high temperature in which heat is transferred from the water in the lower part of the hot water tank 6 to the upper part as compared with the case where an electric heater is installed near the position of the condenser 21. Since the heat pump operation with a small difference can be performed, it is possible to effectively raise the temperature with a small amount of electricity, especially when a relatively small amount of hot water is used at a high temperature. Further, when the water temperature in the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 6 becomes low, the refrigerant condensing temperature flowing through the heating coil 8 of the first refrigerant circuit 25 can be kept low, so that the operating efficiency of the first refrigerant circuit 25 is increased. You can also

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. 24 in FIG.
Is a heat exchanger provided in a part of the hot water outlet pipe 24 extending from the hot water storage tank 6 to the faucet 15. Inside the heat exchanger 27, the condenser 21 of the second refrigerant circuit 26 is provided. Then, the hot water flowing through the hot water discharge pipe 24 is heated by the hot refrigerant discharged from the compressor 20, and in this case, the above-mentioned third
The same operation as the operation of the second refrigerant circuit 26 of the embodiment shown in the figure is performed, but the hot and cold water in the hot water tap pipe 22 is directly heated by the refrigerant condensed in the condenser 20, so the hot tap water is more effective. The temperature can be increased. The configuration and operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 other than those described above are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In both of the above-described embodiments, the heating, heating hot water supply, cooling, cooling hot water supply, and hot water supply heating operations are performed by the control device 19 controlling the three-way valve 7, the solenoid valves 9, 10, and the four-way valve 2. Further, the compressor 1 of the refrigerant circuit controls the capacity by changing the frequency of the drive power source of the compressor 1 by the inverter 18.

Although the indoor heat exchanger 3 is one in the above-described embodiment, the present invention may have two or more indoor heat exchangers. Although the three-way valve 7 is used as the switching valve in the embodiment, the present invention may use two two-way valves as switching valves to perform the same operation, and a switching valve such as a three-way valve is a motor-operated valve whose flow rate is adjustable. May be In the present invention, the expansion mechanism 4 can adjust the opening degree according to the refrigerant flow rate, and the refrigerant inflow direction can also be adjusted to the third direction.
If a reversible electrically driven expansion valve, which may be left or right in the drawings and FIG. 4, is used, more effective operation becomes possible. In the above-described embodiment, the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers are air type, but the present invention can also be used for water type indoor and outdoor heat exchangers. In the embodiment, the capacity control of the compressor is performed by the inverter, but in the present invention, the capacity control may be performed by dividing the compressor into a plurality of units and operating only the required number by the control device.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, in the present invention, in the cooling / heating / hot water supply heat pump device, the compressor discharge side of the refrigerant circuit is branched via a switching valve such as a three-way valve, and one branch by this switching valve is made into a four-way valve. In addition to connecting, it was further branched from the other branch by the switching valve through the hot water tank heating coil, and was connected to the pipes connecting the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers and the four-way valve via the one and the other electromagnetic valves, respectively.
Cooling and heating and hot water heating can be performed at the same time, and the water in the hot water storage tank can be heated by the waste heat during cooling, so that there is an effect that an economical device can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional heat pump device for cooling / heating / hot water supply, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another example of a conventional heat pump device for cooling / heating / hot water supply, and FIG. 3 is for cooling / heating / hot water supply according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a structural view showing an embodiment of the heat pump device, and FIG. 4 is a structural view showing another embodiment of the heat pump device for cooling and heating / hot water supply according to the present invention. 1 ... Compressor, 2 ... Four-way valve, 3 ... Indoor heat exchanger, 4
...... Expansion mechanism, 5 ... Outdoor heat exchanger, 6 ... Hot water storage tank, 7
...... Three-way valve (switching valve), 8 …… Heating coil, 9,10 ……
Solenoid valve, 12, 16, 17 ... Piping, 18 ... Inverter, 19 ... Control device, 20 ... Compressor, 21 ... Condenser, 22 ... Expansion mechanism, 23 ... Evaporator, 24 ... Hot water supply pipe, 25 ... First refrigerant circuit, 26 ... Second refrigerant circuit, 27 ... Heat exchanger. The same or corresponding parts in the drawings are designated by the same reference numerals.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A first refrigerant circuit having a compressor, a four-way valve for switching between heating and cooling, an indoor heat exchanger, a refrigerant reversible flow expansion mechanism, and an outdoor heat exchanger, wherein the first refrigerant circuit is compressed. The machine discharge side is branched through a switching valve, one branch by the switching valve is connected to the four-way valve, the other branch by the switching valve is connected to the hot water tank heating coil, and the heating coil outlet side is further branched. , One branch on the heating coil outlet side is connected to the pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve via one solenoid valve, and the other branch on the heating coil outlet side is used for outdoor heat exchange via the other solenoid valve. The evaporator of the second refrigerant circuit having a compressor, a condenser, an expansion mechanism, and an evaporator, which are connected to the pipe connecting the container and the four-way valve, and which are independent of the first refrigerant circuit It is installed at the same height, and the second
The heat pump device for heating / cooling / hot water supply, wherein the condenser of the refrigerant circuit is provided at a position higher than the evaporator in the upper part of the hot water storage tank, above the water level, or in the hot water supply pipe from the hot water storage tank to the faucet. 2. The heat pump for cooling / heating / hot water supply according to claim 1, wherein the compressor of the first refrigerant circuit is configured to perform capacity control by an inverter which makes a frequency of a driving power source thereof variable. apparatus. 3. The compressor of the first refrigerant circuit is divided into a plurality of small capacity units, and only the necessary number is operated by the control device,
The heat pump device for heating / cooling / hot water supply according to claim 1, wherein capacity control is performed. 4. The heating / cooling / hot water supply according to claim 1, wherein during the hot water heating operation, the switching valve is connected to the other branch, one electromagnetic valve is opened, and the other electromagnetic valve is closed. Heat pump device. 5. The cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the switching valve is connected to the other branch, one electromagnetic valve is closed, and the other electromagnetic valve is opened during the simultaneous cooling and hot water heating operation.・ Heat pump device for hot water supply. 6. The switching valve is connected to one of the branches for heating during the heating / hot water heating selection operation, and the switching valve is connected to the other branch while the heating operation is stopped by the indoor temperature detector. The heat pump device for heating / cooling / hot water supply according to claim 1, wherein one of the solenoid valves is opened and the other solenoid valve is closed. 7. In the simultaneous heating and hot water heating operation, the switching valve serves as both branches and communicates with the indoor heat exchanger through the four-way valve, and also communicates with the hot water tank heating coil so that the refrigerant flowing through the heating coil is one side. The cooling / heating according to claim 1, wherein the other solenoid valve is closed so as to pass through the solenoid valve, and the refrigerant joins the pipe connecting the indoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve.
Heat pump device for hot water supply. 8. The heating / heating / hot water supply heating / hot water supply is alternately performed by connecting and switching the switching valve to both branches at a short time during the simultaneous heating / hot water supply heating operation. Heat pump device for hot water supply. 9. The second refrigerant circuit detects the temperature in the upper part of the hot water storage tank or the temperature of discharged hot water, and when the detected temperature is below a predetermined value, in addition to or independently of the operation of the first refrigerant circuit, hot water supply Claim 1 wherein the operation is performed during heating, cooling / hot water supply heating selective operation, and heating / hot water supply heating simultaneous operation
The heat pump device for air conditioning and hot water supply according to item.