JPH0253009B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a hydraulic trawl winch mounted on a fishing trawler and an automatic boat speed control device.

[Conventional technology]

When using conventional trawl fishing boats to carry out different fishing methods, such as mid-water towing, which captures schools of fish that live between the sea surface and the seabed, and off-bottom towing, which captures schools of fish close to the seabed, the depth of the fishing gear must be changed. However, as a means of achieving this, (1) the drum of the hydraulic trawl winch is fixed with a band brake, and if you want to raise the fishing gear, increase the boat speed, and conversely, if you want to lower the fishing gear, reduce the boat speed. (2) When using a hydraulic trawl winch to raise or lower fishing gear, either operate the handle of the control valve that switches the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor that rotates the drum of the trawl winch in the reeling direction. Alternatively, a method is generally practiced in which the winch drum is rotated forward or backward by operating in the payout direction to wind in or pay out the rope, and (3) a method in which the above (1) and (2) are used in combination.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in order to raise the fishing gear quickly with method (1), it is necessary to significantly increase the ship's speed, and to do so, it is necessary to install an engine with a large margin of main engine output. , it is easy to be over-equipped, and when a school of fish is detected, it is necessary to significantly reduce the speed of the boat in order to quickly lower the fishing gear, and it takes a long time to bring the fishing gear close to the position of the detected school of fish. There is a drawback. Next, in method (2), all the main pumps rotate while generating braking hydraulic pressure, so the driving horsepower of the main pump is large, and even when the winch is stopped, the main pump continues to rotate. In addition, the winch operator must operate the control valve handle in the direction of winding in or letting out the rope at any time while monitoring the fish finder, which is a complicated task. Method (3), which is a combination of (1) and (2) above, speeds up the repositioning of fishing gear, etc., but it still does not eliminate the various drawbacks mentioned above, such as overequipped engines, increased fuel consumption, and complicated operations. It is something.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides a plurality of main pump units each having a main hydraulic pump in which a relief valve operated by a switching solenoid valve is interposed in a bypass oil passage;
It consists of two hydraulic trawl winches operated by pressure oil from the main hydraulic pump unit,
Each hydraulic trawl winch has a drum that winds a rope connected to the trawl net, a hydraulic motor that rotates the drum, and a band brake operated by a hydraulic pump independent of the main hydraulic pump that brakes and stops the drum. Equipped with a relief valve that prevents excessive pressure rise on the holding pressure side of the hydraulic motor operated by an electromagnetic proportional valve, and a control valve that switches the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor, and a rope speed control valve installed on the hull. An output signal setting device that performs calculations based on information from a detector, a fish finder, a boat speed detector, and a fishing gear depth detector installed in the fishing gear and issues an appropriate control signal, and a variable pitch propeller blade angle control device. and configured to appropriately control the switching solenoid valve, the electromagnetic proportional valve, the main hydraulic pump, the band brake hydraulic pump, and the variable pitch propeller blade angle control device by the control signal output from the output setting device. By doing so, the above-mentioned problem was solved.

[Effect]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, after the fishing gear is thrown into the sea, the rope speed detector detects that the fishing gear rope has been let out to a desired length, or the depth of the fishing gear is detected by the rope speed detector. When the fishing gear depth detectors detect that the fishing gear has been delivered to a predetermined depth, the information obtained by these detectors is input to the output signal setter to determine whether the fishing gear has been preprogrammed in the output signal setter. Calculations are performed based on the data, and the appropriate control signal output as a result activates the band brake hydraulic pump to brake the winch drum to a stop using the band brake.
If the operation of the main hydraulic pump is stopped, or if the fish finder installed on the hull detects a school of fish or a protrusion on the seabed while the fishing gear is being towed into the sea, the fish finder will Input the information obtained by the boat speed detector on the hull and the fishing gear depth detector on the fishing gear into the output signal setting device. Calculations are performed based on pre-programmed data, and the resulting appropriate control signal output activates the band brake hydraulic pump, at the same time restarts the main hydraulic pump, and also activates the switching solenoid valve and solenoid valve. By using a proportional valve or a variable pitch propeller blade angle control device that changes the ship speed individually or in combination as appropriate, the main hydraulic pump's pressure oil discharge amount, the pressure on the holding pressure side of the hydraulic motor, or the ship's speed can be automatically adjusted. This allows the fishing gear to be moved up and down to the appropriate position.

〔Example〕

When carrying out the present invention, the hydraulic pump flow rate control means of the trawl winch is used as a basis, and the following three types of pump flow rate control methods are conceivable. (a) Variable discharge amount pump control method (stepless), (b) bypass valve control method for multiple pumps (stepped), and (c) control method using a clutch mechanism (stepped). Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages, and it is not possible to determine their superiority or inferiority in general, but in the case of the present invention, by adopting the bypass valve control method for multiple pumps (b) and attaching various devices to this, This solves the problems of the prior art.

The details of one embodiment of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. In the block diagram of Fig. 1, A ₁ ,
A ₂ , B ₁ , B ₂ are the main hydraulic pump units;
Main hydraulic pumps 1, 1', 2, 2', 3, respectively.
3', 4, 4', relief valve 5, 5', 6, 6',
7, 7', 8, 8', a pair of check valves 9, 10, 1
It consists of 1 and 12. 13 is a switching solenoid valve.
C ₁ and C ₂ are hydraulic trawl winches operated by pressure oil from the main hydraulic pump unit, and are equipped with control valves 14 and 14 for oil path switching, respectively.
It consists of a hydraulic motor 15, a winch drum 16, a band brake 39 provided on the winch drum 16, a hydraulic cylinder 40, a hydraulic pump 41, a prime mover 42, and a relief valve 17. 18 is an electromagnetic proportional valve for commonly controlling the pilot pressure of the relief valve 17, 19 is an electromagnetic valve for a safety device, and 20 is a solenoid valve that is fed out from the winch drum 16 and is connected to the trawl net 2.
1 is a rope made of wire or nylon, etc., and 22 is an oil path for connecting the holding pressure side ports 23, 23 of the hydraulic motor 15 to make the tension of the ropes the same. The oil passage 22 is provided with a stop valve 24 that closes when each winch is controlled independently.

On the other hand, 25 is a rope speed detector consisting of a top roller, a friction wheel type rotator, etc., which detects the rope speed and operates a rope length counter 26. The rope length becomes clear from the output of the rope length counter 26, and the horizontal distance L between the fishing boat and the trawl otter board 27 can be estimated as shown in FIG. Furthermore, 28 is a fishing gear depth oscillator installed on the trawl net as a fishing gear depth detector, which measures the height of the fishing gear from the seabed.
The fishing gear depth indicator 29 is activated by detecting depth H ₁ or depth H ₂ from the water surface. The fishing gear depth is detected by the output of the depth indicator. A fish finder 30 detects the position of a school of fish 31 in the sea. In addition, 30
It is also possible to detect protrusions 32 that exist on the seabed and cause fishing nets to become entangled. 33 is a boat speed detector that detects the boat speed of the fishing boat. Information obtained from the above-mentioned various detectors, ie, the rope speed detector, fish finder, fishing gear depth detector, and boat speed detector, is input to the output signal setting device 34. The output signal setting device 31 is well known without needing to explain the details of its components, and calculates the inputted various information and sets the appropriate control signal 3 based on preprogrammed data.
It operates to output 5, 35' and 43. The output signal setting device 34 includes a central processing unit CPU, random access memory RAM, and read-only memory.
A microcomputer consisting of a ROM, registers, etc. is used, and programming data corresponding to the calculated values is written in the read-only memory ROM. The control signal 35 is inputted to a control panel 37 via an amplifier 36, one of the outputs of the control panel is inputted to the solenoid proportional valve 18, and the other is inputted to the switching solenoid valve 13.
Enter. Furthermore, the control signal 35' can be inputted to the variable pitch propeller blade angle control device 38 via the amplifier 36' to control the speed of the fishing boat.

Based on the above configuration, the operation will be explained below.
When the fishing gear is thrown into the sea by the winch and the ship continues to move forward, the rope 20 is pulled by the water flow resistance of the fishing gear, causing the winch drum 16 to rotate. At this time, the control valve 14 of the hydraulic motor 15 is in the position shown, and therefore the hydraulic motor 15
A pressure corresponding to the tension generated in the rope 20 is generated in the circuit from the holding pressure side port 23 to the control valve 14, and when a predetermined pressure is exceeded, pressure oil is relieved from the relief valve 17 and the hydraulic motor 15 is activated by the rope. It is rotated and the rope is released. The relief pressure is arbitrarily set in advance. When the trawl net is in the trawling state after the net has been cast, if it becomes necessary to detect schools of fish or protrusions on the seabed and quickly move the trawl net up and down as described above, the main hydraulic pump flow rate control system according to the present invention In particular, the bypass valve control system for multiple main hydraulic pumps is particularly effective. That is, the length of the rope, the position of the school of fish, the depth of the fishing gear, and the speed of the boat in that state are detected by the various detection devices described above, and the various data are sent to the output signal setting device 3.
4, programming data corresponding to the calculated value is read from the read-only memory ROM, and an appropriate control signal is output. Control panel 37
One of the outputs is sent to the electromagnetic proportional valve 18, and by changing the pilot pressure to the relief valve 17, the speed of the trawl winch is controlled and the rope winding or unwinding speed is quickly changed. The other output via the control panel 37 is sent to the switching solenoid valve 1 provided in each of the main hydraulic pump units.
3 (bypass valve) as shown,
The main hydraulic pump on one side of each main hydraulic pump unit operates so as not to operate, and as a result operates to adjust the main hydraulic pump discharge amount. Furthermore, the control signal 35' is sent to the variable pitch propeller blade angle control device 38 via the amplifier 36' to change the ship speed, but instead of the blade angle control device, it is sent to the rotation speed control device of the propulsion engine. Also good. The above makes it possible to change the blade angle of the variable pitch propeller or increase or decrease the engine speed of the ship. That is, the output signal setting device 34 takes in each detected value of the rope pay-out or retraction speed, the position of a school of fish, and the speed of fishing gear, stores it in a random access memory, and centrally processes it from the random access memory through a register. From the programming data loaded into the device and stored in read-only memory in advance, each detected value is calculated and processed in order to extract data corresponding to each state of the rope's pay-out or reel-in speed, the position of the school of fish, and the speed of the fishing gear. Furthermore, it outputs various control signals corresponding to the data retrieved from the read-only memory. Each control signal controls the speed of the trawl winch, the discharge amount of the main hydraulic pump, and the blade angle of the variable pitch propeller to control the boat speed, so that the fishing gear is positioned at the optimal depth. The read-only memory ROM can also be used in place of a random access memory, and although the above system relies on a digital computer, it is also possible to use an analog computer, and in addition to the above-mentioned digital operations, it can also be used. It can be controlled by analog calculation. Note that the various control signals described above are not necessarily operated simultaneously, and may be operated selectively depending on the situation.

Next, the winch drum includes a band brake 39 provided on the winch drum 16, a hydraulic cylinder 40,
Since the hydraulic pump 41 and the prime mover 42 are provided, the winch drum can be braked and stopped by the band brake 39, and the operation of the main hydraulic pump can be stopped at the same time, resulting in the following effects. That is, when the desired rope length or fishing gear depth is obtained after a predetermined period of time has elapsed until a steady state of the seine is obtained during casting, the hydraulic pump 41 is operated by the prime mover 42 and the band brake is activated by the hydraulic cylinder 40. 39 to brake and stop the winch drum, and at the same time actuate any known actuating mechanism to stop the operation of the main hydraulic pump, thereby saving the driving power of the main hydraulic pump. The above operations are performed by driving the prime mover 42 using the control signal 43, and during the operation of the band brake, the hoisting net, the turning of the vessel,
When shifting to changing the water depth of the fishing gear, the band brake is automatically released and the automatic control device returns to operation. If the movement of the fishing net 21 is explained with reference to FIG. 2, the following four cases can be assumed for the movement of the fishing net 21. First, until a school of fish is found, second, when a school of fish is found, third, when a protrusion 32 on the seabed is detected, and fourth, both a school of fish 31 and a protrusion 32 are detected. It's time to do it. In other words, as shown in Figure 2, the fishing net 21 is removed from the seabed.
Fix it in position _H1 and drag the net. This is because even if the net is cast for fish, it takes time to reach the school of fish 31, so the net is cast in advance to find the fish grounds and schools of fish, and then the net is towed. _H1 is a fishing ground that changes depending on weather conditions, tides, etc.
It can be set arbitrarily depending on the type of fish.

Next, until a school of fish 31 is detected, the rope length counter 26, the fishing gear depth indicator 29, the boat speed detector 3
A signal with a value preset to 3 is input to the output signal setter 34. When a school of fish 31 is detected,
The position of the school of fish 31 is input to the output signal setting device 34, and the optimal programming data is selected from the ROM based on signals other than the position signal of the school of fish 31, and changes over time with a certain tolerance value. The programming data for the fishing net 21 and the fishing net 21 are successively compared. Of course, the position of the fishing net 21 is affected by the speed at which the rope is let out and reeled in, as well as the speed of the boat. For example, in Figure 2,
When a school of fish 31 is detected by the fish finder, the first thing to do is to set the output signal setting device 3 to reel in the trawl winch.
4, the amplifier 36, control panel 37, electromagnetic proportional valve 18, and winch drum are driven in this order. At this time, the output signal setting unit 34 makes a determination as to whether the fish school has arrived. When the fish school 31 can be reached only by reeling in the trawl winch, the boat speed is left unchanged. When the fishing net 21 is unable to catch a school of fish due to the entrainment of the trawl, the boat speed is further increased by the propeller pitch adjustment device via the blade angle control device 38 in response to a command from the output signal setting device 34. Even with this, if the fishing net 21 cannot catch a school of fish, the rotational speed of the propulsion engine is further increased. The above example starts with trawl winch retraction, but depending on how the output signal setting device 34 is programmed, priority can be given to the ship's main engine rotation speed, propeller pitch adjustment, winch retraction, etc. However, it can perform controlled actions. This can also be selected arbitrarily.

Next time you catch a protrusion on the seabed (to prevent it from getting entangled), as shown in Figure ₂ ,
During seine fishing, the protrusion 3 higher than H ₁ is fixed at the position of
2 is detected by the fish finder, the winch drum, boat speed, etc. are controlled to avoid the fishing net 21 from the protrusion 32 in the same way as when the fish school was found.

When both the school of fish 31 and the protrusion 32 are detected, priority is given to the signal for preventing entanglement.
The above various signals can be activated not only selectively but also simultaneously. It is also possible to switch from automatic to manual.

The permissible values of the programming data can be freely set manually in the output signal setter 34.

〔Effect of the invention〕

By using the hydraulic trawl winch and automatic boat speed control device according to the present invention, there are many effects shown below. In other words, when the desired rope length or fishing gear depth is obtained after a predetermined period of time has elapsed until a steady state of the seine is achieved during casting, the hydraulic pressure independent of the main hydraulic pump is controlled by the control signal output from the output signal setting device. By activating the pump and applying the band brake, the winch drum can be stopped by braking, and by turning off the main hydraulic pump at the same time, the driving power of the main hydraulic pump can be saved. When shifting to a turn of the vessel, a change in the depth of the fishing gear, etc., the band brake can be automatically released and the automatic control device can be operated to return. When a school of fish is discovered during trawling and the fishing gear is raised quickly, the speed of the trawl winch is increased by the control signal output from the output signal setting device, and the fishing gear is moved along the slope of the rope by reeling in the rope. As it rises, (velocity of fishing gear relative to water) =
(Ship speed) + (rope reeling speed) Therefore, the speed of the fishing gear relative to the water can be sufficiently increased without particularly increasing the speed of the ship. Conversely, when lowering the fishing gear quickly, the control signal output from the output signal setting device can be used to reverse the trawl winch and let out the rope. speed)
As a result, the speed of the fishing gear relative to the water decreases and it descends.
Of course, if a boat speed change is used in addition to the above-mentioned operation, the effect will be even greater, allowing the fishing net to change the water depth more quickly, and the effect on fishing efficiency will be significant. The above effect also greatly contributes to preventing entanglement when a sharp protrusion is encountered close to the seabed. In addition, when the winch is stopped by changing the discharge volume of the main hydraulic pump, it is only necessary to drive the main hydraulic pump, which has a very small capacity to replenish the leak in the hydraulic motor, which simplifies the operation. At the same time, the effect of saving fuel consumption becomes large. During actual operation, if the fish finder detects the position of a school of fish or the height of a protrusion on the seabed, based on that information, it will determine the position of the fish within a predetermined time by combining the depth difference with the fishing gear, horizontal distance, boat speed, etc. In order to bring the fishing gear to the required position, it calculates the winding and unwinding speed of the winch and the boat speed, controls the main hydraulic pump discharge amount, controls the braking oil pressure in the hydraulic motor, and controls the blade angle of the variable pitch propeller. Since a command signal is issued and the fishing gear position can be changed automatically, it is possible to reduce the labor required for operation, improve fishing efficiency, and reduce fuel consumption by eliminating wasted power. Therefore, if the device according to the present invention is applied to fishing boats equipped with various types of trawl winches, it can be used extremely effectively.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment. A ₁ , A ₂ , B ₁ , B ₂ ... Main pump unit,
1, 1', 2, 2', 3, 3', 4, 4'...Main hydraulic pump, 5, 5', 6, 6', 7, 7', 8,
8'... Relief valve, 9, 10, 11, 12...
Check valve, 13...Switching solenoid valve, _C1 , _C2 ...Hydraulic trawl winch, 14...Control valve, 15...Hydraulic motor, 16...Winch drum, 17...Relief valve, 18... solenoid proportional valve,
19...Solenoid valve for safety device, 20...Rope, 2
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Trawl network, 22... Oil path, 23... Holding pressure side port, 24... Stop valve, 25...
...Top roller, 26...Rope length counter,
27... Otter board, 28... Fishing gear depth oscillator, 29... Depth indicator, 30... Fish finder,
31...Fish school, 32...Protrusion, 33...Ship speed detector, 34...Output signal setting device, 36, 36'...
...Width booster, 37... Control panel, 38... Blade angle control device, 39... Band brake, 40... Hydraulic cylinder, 41... Hydraulic pump, 42... Prime mover.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A plurality of main hydraulic pump units each having a main hydraulic pump with a relief valve operated by a switching solenoid valve interposed in a bypass oil passage, and two hydraulic pump units operated by hydraulic pressure from the main hydraulic pump units. Each hydraulic trawl winch has a drum for winding rope connected to the trawl net, a hydraulic motor for rotating the drum, and a hydraulic pump independent of the main hydraulic pump for braking and stopping the drum. It is equipped with a band brake that is operated by the hydraulic motor, a relief valve that prevents an excessive pressure rise on the holding pressure side of the hydraulic motor that is operated by an electromagnetic proportional valve, and a control valve that switches the rotation direction of the hydraulic motor.
It also has a variable output signal setting device that calculates and issues appropriate control signals based on information from the rope speed detector, fish finder, and ship speed detector installed on the hull and the fishing gear depth detector installed on the fishing gear. a pitch propeller blade angle control device, the switching solenoid valve is controlled by a control signal output from the output signal setting device;
A hydraulic trawl winch and an automatic boat speed control device, characterized by appropriately controlling an electromagnetic proportional valve, a main hydraulic pump, a band brake hydraulic pump, and a variable pitch propeller blade angle control device.