JPH025989B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to an air-conditioning/hot-water supply heat pump device that is capable of air-conditioning and heating of water in a hot water storage tank, and particularly relates to an air-conditioning/hot-water supply heat pump that has an improved configuration of refrigerant piping. It is related to the device.

[Prior art]

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there has been a heating/cooling heat pump device shown in FIG. 1, and a heating/cooling/hot water supply heat pump device shown in FIG. 2. 1st
The refrigerant circuit of the heat pump device shown in FIG. 2 is provided with a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2 for switching between air conditioning and heating, an indoor heat exchanger 3, an expansion mechanism 4, and an outdoor heat exchanger 5. In the heat pump device shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of indoor heat exchangers 3 are provided in parallel between an expansion mechanism 4 of a refrigerant circuit and a four-way valve 2, and are each connected to the four-way valve 2 via a solenoid valve 6. Also,
In FIG. 2, 7 is a hot water storage tank, 8 is a heating coil that heats the water in the hot water storage tank 7, 9 is a city water intake port to the hot water storage tank 7, and 10 is a faucet for hot water supply. In the heat pump device shown in FIG. 2, an indoor heat exchanger 3 and a heating coil 8 are provided in parallel between the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the four-way valve 2, and these are connected to the four-way valve 2 through the respective electromagnetic valves 6. It is connected to.

Next, the operation of the heat pump device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be explained. The heat pump device shown in FIG. 1 cools and heats a plurality of rooms. During cooling, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows as shown by the solid arrow in the figure and reaches the four-way valve 2 and the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is cooled and condensed.
The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid passes through one expansion valve 4a of the expansion mechanism 4 and is depressurized. For example, the solenoid valves 6, 6 of the two indoor heat exchangers 3, 3 are opened to allow refrigerant to flow when a load is generated, respectively. There, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid from the expansion valve 4a is evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 3, absorbing heat from the room and being gasified. This low-pressure refrigerant gas passes through the four-way valve 2, is sucked into the compressor 1, and is compressed, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter.
During heating, high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows as shown by the broken line arrow in the figure and passes through the four-way valve 2.
The heat reaches the indoor heat exchanger 3, where the heat is radiated and condensed to perform heating. The condensed high-pressure refrigerant liquid passes through the other expansion valve 4b of the expansion mechanism 4 and is depressurized. The depressurized refrigerant liquid reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it is heated by the outside air and evaporated. This low-pressure refrigerant gas is sucked into the compressor 1 through the four-way valve 2 and compressed, and the same cycle is repeated thereafter. In the heat pump device shown in Fig. 2, a part of the indoor heat exchanger 3 is replaced with a heating coil 8 in a hot water storage tank 7, and when heating hot water, the solenoid valve 6 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side is closed, and the solenoid valve 6 on the heating coil 8 side is closed. Open valve 6 and open four-way valve 2.
is set to the heating side, and the solenoid valve 6 on the indoor heat exchanger 3 side is closed during heating and cooling. Note that the operation of the heat pump device shown in Fig. 2 other than the above is
It is similar to the heat pump device shown in the figure.

By the way, especially in the conventional heat pump device shown in FIG. 2, in order to heat the water in the hot water tank 7,
The heating coil 8 installed in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 3 is inserted into the hot water storage tank 7, and the water in the hot water storage tank 7 is heated by the heating coil 8.
An operation that heats the water in the hot water tank 7 by recovering waste heat during cooling cannot be performed. Furthermore, since the same refrigerant is used for air conditioning and hot water supply, when heating water, the temperature is 55 to 60℃.
There were drawbacks, such as the limited scope.

[Summary of the Invention] The present invention attempts to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional devices described above, and is directed to branching the discharge side of the compressor in the first refrigerant circuit via a switching valve such as a three-way valve. , connect one branch to a four-way valve,
The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant is guided from the other branch to the heating coil of the hot water storage tank, and the refrigerant that has been condensed by heating the water in the hot water storage tank is selectively guided to both sides of the expansion mechanism of the refrigerant circuit by switching between cooling and heating operations. By doing so, it is possible to perform heating and cooling and hot water supply at the same time, and the waste heat from cooling can be recovered to heat the water in the hot water storage tank. Economical,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply that can provide hot water at a high temperature.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 3, the same reference numerals as in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicate the same or corresponding parts. As the first refrigerant circuit,
1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, 3 is an indoor heat exchanger, 4 is an expansion mechanism, and 5 is an outdoor heat exchanger, which are connected to the refrigerant circuit like the conventional one shown in Fig. 1. It is provided in 6 is a solenoid valve of the indoor heat exchanger 3, 7 is a hot water tank, 8 is a heating coil, 9 is a city water intake port to the hot water tank 7, and 10 is a faucet for hot water supply.
Branch a of the three-way valve 11, which is a switching valve, is provided on the discharge side of the compressor 1 of the refrigerant circuit, one branch b is connected to the four-way valve 2, and the other branch c is connected to the hot water storage tank 7 through piping 12. It is connected to a heating coil 8 inserted in the. The pipe 12 branches at the outlet side of the heating coil 8, and is connected from the branch part 13 to the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the indoor heat exchanger 3 via a solenoid valve 14. The pipe 15 branched from the branch part 13 is connected to the solenoid valve 1.
6, it is connected between the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the outdoor heat exchanger 5. Further, 17 is an inverter that controls the capacity of the compressor 1, and 18 is a three-way valve 11.
and a control device that controls the electromagnetic valves 14 and 16. As the second refrigerant circuit, 19 is a compressor, 20
is a condenser, 21 is an expansion mechanism, and 22 is an evaporator. The evaporator 22 is at the same height as the heating coil 8 in the hot water storage tank 7, and the condenser 20 is at least in the hot water storage tank above the evaporator 22. It is located inside.

Next, the operation of the air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device of this embodiment will be explained.

During heating, since branches a and b of the three-way valve 11 are connected, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows from branch b via the broken line of the four-way valve 2 as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. It reaches the indoor heat exchanger 3, where it condenses to become a refrigerant liquid, passes through the expansion mechanism 4, evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 5, and returns to the compressor 1 via the broken line of the four-way valve 2.

During hot water supply for heating, part of the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows by switching 11 in the same manner as during heating, and the other part of the refrigerant gas flows through branches a and c of the three-way valve 11. The water in the hot water storage tank 7 is heated by the heating coil 8 through the pipe 12 from the branch c, and some of it condenses and becomes a refrigerant liquid, but some of it does not condense and becomes a gas. These refrigerants pass through the solenoid valve 14, join with the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant circuit that has passed through the indoor heat exchanger 3, and thereafter flow in the same manner as during heating. Also,
During heating and hot water supply, the three-way valve 11 is connected to branches a and b in the same way as during heating, and the three-way valve 11 is turned on when the room temperature rises to a set value using an indoor temperature sensor (not shown) such as a thermostat. Alternatively, the heating coil 8 may be connected to the branches a and c to perform a selective operation between heating and hot water heating, in which the heating coil 8 heats the water in the hot water storage tank 7, and returns to heating when the room temperature falls below a set value. Furthermore, the three-way valve 11 is switched to the connection of branches a and b and the connection of branches a and c at short intervals using a timer or the like.
The refrigerant may be time-divided for heating and hot water supply.

During cooling, since the three-way valve 11 is connected to branches a and b, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 flows through the solid line of the four-way valve 2 as shown by the solid line arrow in Fig. 3, and is discharged outdoors. It reaches the heat exchanger 5, where it condenses to become a refrigerant liquid, passes through the expansion mechanism 4 and reaches the indoor heat exchanger 3, where it evaporates and becomes refrigerant gas, which flows through the solid line of the four-way valve 2 to the compressor. Return to 1.

During hot water supply for cooling, the refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1 is guided to the heating coil 8 because the three-way valve 11 is connected to branches a and c, where it heats the water in the hot water tank 7 and condenses it. , then the refrigerant liquid enters pipe 1
5, passes through the electromagnetic valve 16, passes through the expansion mechanism 4, and reaches some or all of the indoor heat exchangers 3, where it evaporates and becomes large, and flows through the solid line of the four-way valve 2 to the compressor. Return to 1. In this way, all of the refrigerant condensation heat was conventionally dissipated from the outdoor heat exchanger 5 during cooling, but by forming the refrigerant flow as described above, the waste heat during cooling can be transferred to the hot water storage tank. 7
The water inside can be effectively recovered as a heating source.

When heating hot water, the refrigerant gas passes through the heating coil 8 because the three-way valve 11 is connected to branches a and c, where it heats and condenses the water in the hot water tank 7, and then passes through the electromagnetic valve 14 to the expansion mechanism. 4 and reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 5, where it evaporates and becomes refrigerant gas.
It returns to the compressor 1 via the four-way valve 2.

When the temperature of hot water is raised, when the compressor 19 of the second refrigerant circuit is operated in combination or independently during each mode of operation of the first refrigerant circuit, the high temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 19 is condensed in the condenser 20. The water in the upper part of the hot water storage tank 7 is heated and reduced in pressure when passing through the expansion mechanism 21, and the evaporator 22 absorbs heat from the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 7, evaporates it, and returns to the compressor 19. The refrigerant sealed in the second refrigerant circuit has a higher temperature and lower pressure than the refrigerant sealed in the first refrigerant circuit, for example, R-22 in the first refrigerant circuit and R-12 in the second refrigerant circuit. By using the above, the water in the upper part of the hot water tank 7 can be heated to a higher temperature than by the heating coil 8. The temperature raising operation using this second refrigerant circuit is faster than the conventional case where an electric heater (not shown) or the like is installed near the condenser 20.
Heat pump operation that transfers heat from the water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 7 to the water in the upper part can be performed with a relatively small temperature difference, so a small amount of electricity is required, especially when using a relatively small amount of hot water at a high temperature. It is possible to effectively raise the temperature. Moreover, when the water temperature at the lower part of the hot water storage tank 7 becomes low, the heating coil 8 in the first refrigerant circuit
Since the condensing temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the first refrigerant circuit can be kept low, the operating efficiency of the first refrigerant circuit can be increased.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 4, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 3 indicate the same or corresponding parts, 23 is a heat exchanger, 24 is a hot water outlet pipe, and the condenser 20 of the second refrigerant circuit and the faucet 10 from the hot water storage tank 7 are connected to each other. The condenser 20 is connected to the heat exchanger 23 to exchange heat with a part of the hot water tap pipe 24 leading to the condenser 20.
The hot water passing through the outlet pipe 24 is heated by the high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 19. The second refrigerant circuit operates in the same way as the second refrigerant circuit, but since the hot water in the outlet piping 24 is heated more directly from the condenser 20, the temperature of the outlet water can be raised more effectively.

The heating, heating hot water supply, cooling, cooling hot water supply, and hot water heating operations described above are performed by controlling the three-way valve 11, the solenoid valves 14 and 16, the four-way valve 2, and the solenoid valve 6 by the control device 18, respectively. . Further, the capacity of the compressor 1 is controlled by changing the frequency of the driving power source for the compressor 1 using an inverter 17. In the above embodiment, the number of indoor heat exchangers 3 is one, but it may be one or more, and a three-way valve 11 is provided as a switching valve, but two two-way valves may be used as switching valves to perform the same operation. It's okay. A switching valve such as a three-way valve may be an electric valve that can adjust the flow rate, and its opening degree can be adjusted according to the refrigerant flow rate in the expansion mechanism 4, and the refrigerant inflow direction can be either left or right as shown in Fig. 3. Even more efficient operation is possible with the use of a type of electrically driven expansion valve. Further, in this embodiment, the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers are air type, but the present invention can also be applied to water type indoor and outdoor heat exchangers. Further, in this embodiment, the capacity of the compressor is controlled by an inverter, but the capacity may also be controlled by dividing the compressor into multiple units and operating only the necessary number of units using a control device. good.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the present invention provides a compressor 1,
A heating and cooling system equipped with a refrigerant circuit having a four-way valve 2, an indoor heat exchanger 3, an expansion mechanism 4, and an outdoor heat exchanger 5.
In the hot water supply heat pump device, the discharge side of the compressor 1 is branched via a switching valve 11 such as a three-way valve, one branch b by the switching valve 11 is connected to the four-way valve 2, and the other branch b by the switching valve 11 is connected to the four-way valve 2. One pipe 1 branches from the branch c through the heating coil 8 of the hot water storage tank 7, and from this branch 13 reaches between the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the indoor heat exchanger 3 via the solenoid valve 14.
2 and the other piping 15 that runs from the branch part 13 to between the expansion mechanism 4 of the refrigerant circuit and the outdoor heat exchanger 5 via the solenoid valve 16. A heating/cooling/hot water heat pump device that can perform air conditioning and hot water heating at the same time, heat the water in the hot water storage tank 7 using waste heat during cooling, is economical, and can efficiently raise the temperature of hot water to a high temperature. can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional air-conditioning/heating heat pump device, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a conventional air-conditioning/heating/hot water heat pump device, and Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the cooling/heating/hot water heat pump device according to the present invention. FIG. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device according to another embodiment of the present invention. 1, 19... Compressor, 2, 6, 11, 14, 1
6...Valve, 3,5,23...Heat exchanger, 4,21
... Expansion mechanism, 7 ... Tank, 8 ... Heating coil,
a, b, c, 13... branch, 12, 15, 24...
...Tube, 17...Inverter, 18...Control device,
20... Condenser, 22... Evaporator. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In an air conditioning/hot water heat pump device equipped with a refrigerant circuit having a compressor, a four-way valve for switching between air conditioning and heating, an indoor heat exchanger, a refrigerant reversible flow type expansion mechanism, and an outdoor heat exchanger, the refrigerant The compressor discharge side of the circuit is branched via a switching valve, one branch b by this switching valve is connected to a four-way valve, and the other branch c by the switching valve is branched via a heating coil of a hot water storage tank. One pipe runs from the section to between the expansion mechanism of the refrigerant circuit and the indoor heat exchanger via a solenoid valve, and from a branch part to between the expansion mechanism of the refrigerant circuit and the outdoor heat exchanger via the solenoid valve. The evaporator of the second refrigerant circuit, which includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion mechanism, and an evaporator, is installed in a hot water storage tank independently of the first refrigerant circuit. A heat pump device for heating, cooling, and hot water supply that has a condenser installed at approximately the same location as the heating coil, and further below the water level in the upper part of the hot water storage tank, higher than the evaporator, or in the hot water outlet piping from the hot water storage tank to the faucet. 2. The cooling/heating/hot water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is configured to perform capacity control by an inverter that varies the frequency of its driving power source. 3. The air-conditioning/heating system according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is divided into a plurality of small-capacity compressors, and only the necessary number of compressors are operated by a control device to control the capacity. Hot water heat pump equipment. 4. Claim 1, characterized in that the switching valve is connected to the other branch c, and the solenoid valve of one pipe is opened, and the solenoid valve of the other pipe is closed, when hot water is heated. The air conditioning/hot water heat pump equipment described. 5. The switching valve is connected to the other branch c, and the solenoid valve of one pipe is closed and the solenoid valve of the other pipe is opened during simultaneous cooling and hot water heating operation. The air conditioning/hot water heat pump device according to scope 1. 6. The switching valve is connected to one branch b for heating during the heating/hot water heating selection operation, and is connected to the other branch c to heat the hot water tank while the heating operation is turned off by the indoor temperature detector; The heating and cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that the solenoid valve of one pipe is opened and the solenoid valve of the other pipe is closed.
Hot water heat pump equipment. 7. During simultaneous heating and hot water heating operation, the switching valve connects both branches b and c to communicate with the indoor heat exchanger via the four-way valve, and also communicates with the heating coil in the hot water storage tank. An air-conditioning/heating/hot-water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, characterized in that: 8. Claim No. 8 characterized in that the switching valve is configured to switch and connect both branches b and c at short intervals during simultaneous heating and hot water heating operations, thereby alternately performing heating and hot water supply. The air conditioning/hot water supply heat pump device according to item 1. 9 The temperature in the upper part of the hot water storage tank or the hot water outlet temperature is detected, and if the temperature is below a predetermined value, the second refrigerant circuit is activated during hot water supply heating, during simultaneous cooling and hot water heating operation, and during heating and hot water heating selective operation. 2. The cooling/heating/hot water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the heating/cooling/hot water supply heat pump device operates in parallel with or independently of each mode of operation by the first refrigerant circuit during simultaneous heating and hot water heating operations. 10. The cooling/heating/hot water supply heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein the condenser and the hot water outlet pipe form a heat exchanger.